Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0232
Jiawei Yao, Yuekun Sun, Yifan Niu
The interleaved fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) by carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/thermoplastic polyetherketone-cardo (PEK-C) hybrid interleaves show the potential of comprehensively improving the mechanical properties of composites and have been hotspot. However, the synergistic effect and mechanism of CNTs and TP resin have not been attained. The interlaminar region of interleaved composites is too narrow and complex to be fully analyzed. Therefore, the layered resin structure composed of an interlayer and a matrix (epoxy) layer was prepared to model the interlaminar region in this study. The evolution of gradient structure developed by the layered structure in curing and the influence of presence of CNTs in interlayer were investigated based on morphology characterization. The results showed that epoxy resin gradually diffused into the interlayer, resulting in the concentration gradient and the resultant gradient phase structure. The presence of CNTs in hybrid interlayer hindered the resin diffusion and consequently hindered the formation of dual-phase structure, which was not conducive to the toughness improvement. The inappropriate high temperature was not recommended due to the effect of facilitating diffusion, probably resulting in the formation of excrescent epoxy layer in the interlaminar region and undesired mechanical performance. This study conducted experiments on resin system to simplify the interesting subject and the results will help to develop the synergistic mechanism of TP resin and nanoparticles.
{"title":"Influence of CNTs on the gradient phase structure formed by the layered resin structure used to model the interlaminar region of interleaved FRPs","authors":"Jiawei Yao, Yuekun Sun, Yifan Niu","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0232","url":null,"abstract":"The interleaved fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) by carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/thermoplastic polyetherketone-cardo (PEK-C) hybrid interleaves show the potential of comprehensively improving the mechanical properties of composites and have been hotspot. However, the synergistic effect and mechanism of CNTs and TP resin have not been attained. The interlaminar region of interleaved composites is too narrow and complex to be fully analyzed. Therefore, the layered resin structure composed of an interlayer and a matrix (epoxy) layer was prepared to model the interlaminar region in this study. The evolution of gradient structure developed by the layered structure in curing and the influence of presence of CNTs in interlayer were investigated based on morphology characterization. The results showed that epoxy resin gradually diffused into the interlayer, resulting in the concentration gradient and the resultant gradient phase structure. The presence of CNTs in hybrid interlayer hindered the resin diffusion and consequently hindered the formation of dual-phase structure, which was not conducive to the toughness improvement. The inappropriate high temperature was not recommended due to the effect of facilitating diffusion, probably resulting in the formation of excrescent epoxy layer in the interlaminar region and undesired mechanical performance. This study conducted experiments on resin system to simplify the interesting subject and the results will help to develop the synergistic mechanism of TP resin and nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139648593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-27DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0166
Abdul Aziz Shaikh, Preetam Datta, Prithwish Dastidar, Arkadip Majumder, Maharghya Dyuti Das, Pratikrit Manna, Subhasis Roy
Biopolymer-based nanocomposites have gained significant attention in biomedicine due to their unique properties and potential applications. These nanocomposites combine biopolymers, natural polymers derived from renewable sources, with nanoparticles or other nanoscale materials to create materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. Biopolymers that are used to make bio-nanocomposites are cellulose, alginate, chitosan, starch, polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), etc. These have different properties, and they can be used in several types of treatments. Scaffolds frequently employ polylactic acid-gelatin, nanocellulose, and chitosan. Studies have shown that some special types of hydrogel films have proven beneficial in anticancer treatment. Synthetic and naturally occurring substances such as PLA, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), guar gum, and chitosan are employed in the drug delivery system. Nanocomposites such as silver nanoparticles with chitosan, sulfated polysaccharides, and thyme-loaded carrot nanocellulose or starch biopolymer nanocomposites have been used to stop bacterial development. This review article provides a comprehensive insight into biopolymer-based nanocomposites and their uses. Also, it has been incorporated into fields such as biosensors, bioimaging, blood clotting, immunomodulation, antibacterial and antiviral drugs, and food packaging. Hence, the primary objective of this review is to provide an overall perspective on biopolymer nanocomposites in nanomedicine.
{"title":"Biopolymer-based nanocomposites for application in biomedicine: a review","authors":"Abdul Aziz Shaikh, Preetam Datta, Prithwish Dastidar, Arkadip Majumder, Maharghya Dyuti Das, Pratikrit Manna, Subhasis Roy","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0166","url":null,"abstract":"Biopolymer-based nanocomposites have gained significant attention in biomedicine due to their unique properties and potential applications. These nanocomposites combine biopolymers, natural polymers derived from renewable sources, with nanoparticles or other nanoscale materials to create materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. Biopolymers that are used to make bio-nanocomposites are cellulose, alginate, chitosan, starch, polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), etc. These have different properties, and they can be used in several types of treatments. Scaffolds frequently employ polylactic acid-gelatin, nanocellulose, and chitosan. Studies have shown that some special types of hydrogel films have proven beneficial in anticancer treatment. Synthetic and naturally occurring substances such as PLA, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), guar gum, and chitosan are employed in the drug delivery system. Nanocomposites such as silver nanoparticles with chitosan, sulfated polysaccharides, and thyme-loaded carrot nanocellulose or starch biopolymer nanocomposites have been used to stop bacterial development. This review article provides a comprehensive insight into biopolymer-based nanocomposites and their uses. Also, it has been incorporated into fields such as biosensors, bioimaging, blood clotting, immunomodulation, antibacterial and antiviral drugs, and food packaging. Hence, the primary objective of this review is to provide an overall perspective on biopolymer nanocomposites in nanomedicine.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139583469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0134
Yu Zhao, Bing Hu Xia, Lei Wang, Yang Liu, Lei Zu, Hui Qin Lian, Xiu Guo Cui, Hao Wang
Synthetic polymeric hydrogel is a potential substitute for soft biological tissues. However, the poor mechanical properties of traditional synthetic hydrogels limit their applications in biological fields. Herein, a series of tough physical hydrogels have been prepared by micellar polymerization, in the existence of sodium bromide (NaBr), using methacrylic acid (MA) and stearyl acrylate (SA) as monomers, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as cationic surfactant. The hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties: modulus, toughness, and tearing fracture energy up to 7.8 MPa, 34 MJ m−3, and 16,600 J m−2, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the toughness of the hydrogels can be modulated in a very wide range by different post-treatments, e.g., dried/reswelling, freezing/thawing, or heated treatments. After post-treatments, the elastic physical hydrogels even turn into brittle plastics: modulus and toughness vary by 3 and 4 orders of magnitude, respectively. The mechanism for this wide tunability is attributed to the change of electrostatic attraction, crystallization, and phase separation during post-treatments.
{"title":"Stiff, strong, and tear-resistant physical hydrogels with widely tunable toughness by post-treatments","authors":"Yu Zhao, Bing Hu Xia, Lei Wang, Yang Liu, Lei Zu, Hui Qin Lian, Xiu Guo Cui, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0134","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic polymeric hydrogel is a potential substitute for soft biological tissues. However, the poor mechanical properties of traditional synthetic hydrogels limit their applications in biological fields. Herein, a series of tough physical hydrogels have been prepared by micellar polymerization, in the existence of sodium bromide (NaBr), using methacrylic acid (MA) and stearyl acrylate (SA) as monomers, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as cationic surfactant. The hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties: modulus, toughness, and tearing fracture energy up to 7.8 MPa, 34 MJ m<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup>, and 16,600 J m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the toughness of the hydrogels can be modulated in a very wide range by different post-treatments, e.g., dried/reswelling, freezing/thawing, or heated treatments. After post-treatments, the elastic physical hydrogels even turn into brittle plastics: modulus and toughness vary by 3 and 4 orders of magnitude, respectively. The mechanism for this wide tunability is attributed to the change of electrostatic attraction, crystallization, and phase separation during post-treatments.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139508166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0273
Mohammad Reza Samadi, Mohammad Hossein Alaei, Jafar Eskandari Jam
In this study, adhesive bonding of aluminum (Al) to glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) was investigated using finite element analysis to optimize bond strength. Mechanical surface preparation has a great influence on the chemical properties (increasing surface energy and creating a stronger bond) and mechanical properties (creating mechanical interlocking and increasing friction) of adhesive bonding. Hence, the response surface method was employed to examine the influence of groove number (1, 3, 5), groove angle (0, 45, 90°), groove shape (V-shape, square, concave), and joint type (metal–metal, metal–composite, composite–composite) on the tensile strength of the bond. To simulate the bond behavior of Al/GFRP under different parameter conditions, the cohesive zone model was used to consider the crack growth. Optimization results obtained by the desirability function method showed that the maximum bond strength was achieved with a groove number of 1, groove shape of square, groove angle of 0°, and metal–metal joint type. The optimization results predicted by the desirability function and finite element analysis were in good agreement with those obtained by experimental tests.
{"title":"Numerical investigation of the strength of Al/GFRP adhesive bonding under tensile loading","authors":"Mohammad Reza Samadi, Mohammad Hossein Alaei, Jafar Eskandari Jam","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0273","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, adhesive bonding of aluminum (Al) to glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) was investigated using finite element analysis to optimize bond strength. Mechanical surface preparation has a great influence on the chemical properties (increasing surface energy and creating a stronger bond) and mechanical properties (creating mechanical interlocking and increasing friction) of adhesive bonding. Hence, the response surface method was employed to examine the influence of groove number (1, 3, 5), groove angle (0, 45, 90°), groove shape (V-shape, square, concave), and joint type (metal–metal, metal–composite, composite–composite) on the tensile strength of the bond. To simulate the bond behavior of Al/GFRP under different parameter conditions, the cohesive zone model was used to consider the crack growth. Optimization results obtained by the desirability function method showed that the maximum bond strength was achieved with a groove number of 1, groove shape of square, groove angle of 0°, and metal–metal joint type. The optimization results predicted by the desirability function and finite element analysis were in good agreement with those obtained by experimental tests.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139422831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0230
Yong Lu, Chen Wang
In this paper, the self-reinforced single polymer composites (SR-SPCs) with different mechanical properties were obtained by compound injection molding technology, and the micro-morphology of these samples was observed. Then, using structured statistical methods, analysis of variance, and response surface methodology, study the effects of various molding variables on material morphology and properties and determine the most important molding variables and their interactions. Finally, the associated experimental data are fitted by the least squares minimization program, and the relevant dimensionless equations are obtained. The purpose is to objectively analyze the influence mechanism of molding parameters on SR-SPCs and establish a mechanism model. It was found that temperature change was the most important factor affecting the morphology and mechanical properties. The degree of molecular orientation is the most important factor to determine the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the sample. The change of crystallinity is the most important factor related to the elongation at break. By establishment relevant dimensionless equations, the influence of molding parameters on the mechanical properties of SR-SPCs, such as tensile strength and elastic modulus, was preliminarily studied.
{"title":"Study on the influence of in-mold sequential injection molding process parameters on mechanical properties of self-reinforced single composites","authors":"Yong Lu, Chen Wang","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0230","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the self-reinforced single polymer composites (SR-SPCs) with different mechanical properties were obtained by compound injection molding technology, and the micro-morphology of these samples was observed. Then, using structured statistical methods, analysis of variance, and response surface methodology, study the effects of various molding variables on material morphology and properties and determine the most important molding variables and their interactions. Finally, the associated experimental data are fitted by the least squares minimization program, and the relevant dimensionless equations are obtained. The purpose is to objectively analyze the influence mechanism of molding parameters on SR-SPCs and establish a mechanism model. It was found that temperature change was the most important factor affecting the morphology and mechanical properties. The degree of molecular orientation is the most important factor to determine the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the sample. The change of crystallinity is the most important factor related to the elongation at break. By establishment relevant dimensionless equations, the influence of molding parameters on the mechanical properties of SR-SPCs, such as tensile strength and elastic modulus, was preliminarily studied.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139421463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0158
Zhiyong Wu, Chuang Ma, Qinghe Niu, Caiwu Wu, Ye Wang
To prevent the weathering deterioration of stone building heritages in Putuo Zongcheng Temple, the fluorinated acrylate copolymer was prepared with methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate as monomers. The structure and surface morphology of the copolymer were described by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antiaging of the copolymer was studied by the ultraviolet aging test; the contact angle and imbibition spontaneous tests were performed to estimate the wettability alteration of the copolymer emulsion. Results show that the fluorinated copolymer with 32.54 % HFMA content possesses optimal aging resistance and superb hydrophobicity. The contact angles of coated samples range from 96.90° to 125.80°. Considering the influence of water on rock weathering, the fluorinated copolymer coating is a potential method to avoid the degrading of stone heritages.
{"title":"Preparation, characterization, and application of fluorinated acrylate copolymer for the conservation of stone building heritages in Putuo Zongcheng Temple, China","authors":"Zhiyong Wu, Chuang Ma, Qinghe Niu, Caiwu Wu, Ye Wang","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0158","url":null,"abstract":"To prevent the weathering deterioration of stone building heritages in Putuo Zongcheng Temple, the fluorinated acrylate copolymer was prepared with methyl methacrylate, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>-butyl acrylate, and 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate as monomers. The structure and surface morphology of the copolymer were described by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antiaging of the copolymer was studied by the ultraviolet aging test; the contact angle and imbibition spontaneous tests were performed to estimate the wettability alteration of the copolymer emulsion. Results show that the fluorinated copolymer with 32.54 % HFMA content possesses optimal aging resistance and superb hydrophobicity. The contact angles of coated samples range from 96.90° to 125.80°. Considering the influence of water on rock weathering, the fluorinated copolymer coating is a potential method to avoid the degrading of stone heritages.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139102517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0256
Yan Zhou, Xiangdong Liu, Dekun Sheng, Yuming Yang
Cesium tungsten bronze (CsxWO3)-doped PEG/sweet potato form-stable composites are fabricated through a facile two-step method of lyophilization and vacuum impregnation. Abundant starch microsphere enhances the PEG loading capacity above 72 % and also supplies capillary force as well as hydrogen bonding to improve the form-stability of the composites. Here, the latent heat, relative crystallinity (Xc), and light-thermal conversion efficiency of the system with 0.99 wt% CsxWO3 reach to 137.7 J/g, 97.7 %, and 83.5 %, respectively. The light-thermal conversion efficiency increases from 64.3 % to 91.1 % with 2.00 wt% CsxWO3. Besides, the composites exhibit improved thermal stability and excellent thermal reliability. The prepared bio-based composites with low-cost have broad application prospects in the field of energy storage.
{"title":"CsxWO3-doped PEG/sweet potato form-stable composites for light-thermal conversion and energy storage","authors":"Yan Zhou, Xiangdong Liu, Dekun Sheng, Yuming Yang","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0256","url":null,"abstract":"Cesium tungsten bronze (CsxWO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)-doped PEG/sweet potato form-stable composites are fabricated through a facile two-step method of lyophilization and vacuum impregnation. Abundant starch microsphere enhances the PEG loading capacity above 72 % and also supplies capillary force as well as hydrogen bonding to improve the form-stability of the composites. Here, the latent heat, relative crystallinity (Xc), and light-thermal conversion efficiency of the system with 0.99 wt% CsxWO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> reach to 137.7 J/g, 97.7 %, and 83.5 %, respectively. The light-thermal conversion efficiency increases from 64.3 % to 91.1 % with 2.00 wt% CsxWO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>. Besides, the composites exhibit improved thermal stability and excellent thermal reliability. The prepared bio-based composites with low-cost have broad application prospects in the field of energy storage.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139082570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0182
Uwa O. Uyor, Abimbola P. I. Popoola, Olawale M. Popoola
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) generally does not have high resistance to wear and are characterised by poor thermal stability when exposed to long working condition. To address these shortcomings, this study used hybrid graphene nanoplatelets (GN) and titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles to significantly enhance the wear resistance and thermal stability of UHMWPE. The nanocomposites were prepared by solvent mixing and hot compression process. Scanning electron microscope showed uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the UHMWPE matrix. The developed UHMWPE showed improved wear resistance and thermal stability relative to the pure UHMWPE. For instance, the wear rate reduced from 6.7 × 10−3 mm3 N−1 m−1 and 3.67 × 10−2 mm3 N−1 m−1 for pure UHMWPE to 2.687 × 10−5 mm3 N−1 m−1 and 1.34 × 7 × 10−4 mm3 N−1 m−1 for UHMWPE–2 wt% GN–10 wt% TiN at applied loads of 10 N and 20 N respectively. This is about 100 % increment in wear resistance at the respective applied loads compared to the pure UHMWPE. The thermal stability of the fabricated nanocomposites was studied using the thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The addition of nanoparticles significantly reduced the thermal decomposition of UHMWPE matrix. The enhanced properties of the UHMWPE–GN–TiN nanocomposites may be attributed to the network structures formed from the dispersion of the GN and TiN nanoparticles in the UHMWPE matrix with promoted molecular chains interlocking.
超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）的耐磨性通常不高，而且在长期工作条件下热稳定性较差。针对这些缺点，本研究采用混合石墨烯纳米片（GN）和氮化钛（TiN）纳米颗粒来显著提高超高分子量聚乙烯的耐磨性和热稳定性。纳米复合材料是通过溶剂混合和热压工艺制备的。扫描电子显微镜显示纳米粒子均匀地分散在超高分子量聚乙烯基体中。与纯超高分子量聚乙烯相比，所开发的超高分子量聚乙烯具有更好的耐磨性和热稳定性。例如，在施加 10 N 和 20 N 负载时，UHMWPE-2 wt% GN-10 wt% TiN 的磨损率分别从纯 UHMWPE 的 6.7 × 10-3 mm3 N-1 m-1 和 3.67 × 10-2 mm3 N-1 m-1 降低到 2.687 × 10-5 mm3 N-1 m-1 和 1.34 × 7 × 10-4 mm3 N-1 m-1。与纯超高分子量聚乙烯相比，在相应载荷下的耐磨性提高了约 100%。使用热重分析仪（TGA）研究了纳米复合材料的热稳定性。纳米颗粒的加入大大降低了超高分子量聚乙烯基体的热分解。超高分子量聚乙烯-GN-TiN 纳米复合材料性能的增强可能是由于 GN 和 TiN 纳米粒子在超高分子量聚乙烯基体中的分散形成了网络结构，促进了分子链的交锁。
{"title":"Enhancement of the tribological and thermal properties of UHMWPE based ternary nanocomposites containing graphene and titanium titride","authors":"Uwa O. Uyor, Abimbola P. I. Popoola, Olawale M. Popoola","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0182","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) generally does not have high resistance to wear and are characterised by poor thermal stability when exposed to long working condition. To address these shortcomings, this study used hybrid graphene nanoplatelets (GN) and titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles to significantly enhance the wear resistance and thermal stability of UHMWPE. The nanocomposites were prepared by solvent mixing and hot compression process. Scanning electron microscope showed uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the UHMWPE matrix. The developed UHMWPE showed improved wear resistance and thermal stability relative to the pure UHMWPE. For instance, the wear rate reduced from 6.7 × 10<jats:sup>−3</jats:sup> mm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> N<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 3.67 × 10<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> mm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> N<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> for pure UHMWPE to 2.687 × 10<jats:sup>−5</jats:sup> mm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> N<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 1.34 × 7 × 10<jats:sup>−4</jats:sup> mm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> N<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> for UHMWPE–2 wt% GN–10 wt% TiN at applied loads of 10 N and 20 N respectively. This is about 100 % increment in wear resistance at the respective applied loads compared to the pure UHMWPE. The thermal stability of the fabricated nanocomposites was studied using the thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The addition of nanoparticles significantly reduced the thermal decomposition of UHMWPE matrix. The enhanced properties of the UHMWPE–GN–TiN nanocomposites may be attributed to the network structures formed from the dispersion of the GN and TiN nanoparticles in the UHMWPE matrix with promoted molecular chains interlocking.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138572039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Focusing on the study of the phase separation behavior of triblock copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) systems helps to understand the influence of microstructure on the properties of poly(vinylcyclohexane)-b- poly(ethylene)-b-poly(vinylcyclohexane) (PVCH-PE-PVCH/LLDPE) blends. We prepared a series of blends of LLDPE and PVCH-PE-PVCH and explained their compatibility from the microstructure. The research findings indicate that despite having similar block compositions, PVCH-PE-PVCH with a higher molecular weight exhibits significantly stronger phase separation and crystallization ability compared to PVCH-PE-PVCH with lower molecular weight. In PVCH-PE-PVCH/LLDPE blends, the addition of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % LLDPE induces earlier crystallization and crystal phase separation of polyethylene (PE) fragments. In addition, compared to the lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH, the higher molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH exhibits a higher tendency for independent crystallization and shows significant crystal phase separation during the cooling crystallization process when blended with LLDPE. The PE segments in the lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH can more easily enter the nanoscale domain of LLDPE. Impact fracture electron microscopy also reveals better compatibility between the lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH and LLDPE compared to the higher molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH. Furthermore, the blends of lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH and LLDPE exhibit a greater growth rate in elongation at break.
{"title":"Morphologies, structures, and properties on blends of triblock copolymers and linear low-density polyethylene","authors":"Ying Wang, Shangfeng Wu, Li-Zhi Liu, Hao Chen, Yuanxia Wang, Lixin Song, Ying Shi","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0167","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the study of the phase separation behavior of triblock copolymer and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) systems helps to understand the influence of microstructure on the properties of poly(vinylcyclohexane)-b- poly(ethylene)-b-poly(vinylcyclohexane) (PVCH-PE-PVCH/LLDPE) blends. We prepared a series of blends of LLDPE and PVCH-PE-PVCH and explained their compatibility from the microstructure. The research findings indicate that despite having similar block compositions, PVCH-PE-PVCH with a higher molecular weight exhibits significantly stronger phase separation and crystallization ability compared to PVCH-PE-PVCH with lower molecular weight. In PVCH-PE-PVCH/LLDPE blends, the addition of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % LLDPE induces earlier crystallization and crystal phase separation of polyethylene (PE) fragments. In addition, compared to the lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH, the higher molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH exhibits a higher tendency for independent crystallization and shows significant crystal phase separation during the cooling crystallization process when blended with LLDPE. The PE segments in the lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH can more easily enter the nanoscale domain of LLDPE. Impact fracture electron microscopy also reveals better compatibility between the lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH and LLDPE compared to the higher molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH. Furthermore, the blends of lower molecular weight of PVCH-PE-PVCH and LLDPE exhibit a greater growth rate in elongation at break.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138581219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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