Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0204
Aswini Kumar Mohapatra, Aswathy N R
This research focuses on the preparation of poly (3-hydroxy butyrate) (PHB) nanocomposites using the melt mixing method. Two types of organically modified nanoclay, Cloisite 93A (C93A), and Cloisite 30B (C30B), were incorporated at various weight percentages into the PHB matrix to create the nanocomposites. Comparative analyses were conducted between PHB/C93A and PHB/C30B to assess their tensile and impact properties in relation to the matrix polymer. Between the nanocomposites, the PHB/C93A nanocomposites shows an optimum tensile modulus of 949 Mpa with a 3 wt% clay loading, while PHB/C30B nanocomposites demonstrated improved percentage elongation at break of 5.33 % and enhanced Izod impact strength of 39.67 J/m at 3 wt% of clay load. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) signifies the thermal behavior of both the matrix and nanocomposite. The degree of crystallinity is observed to be 47 % in case of the PHB/C30B nanocomposites as compared to the PHB/C93A nanocomposites as 38 %. Again in case of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the maximum % char of 5.198 is observed for the PHB/C30B nanocomposites. The enhanced viscoelastic behavior of the PHB/C93A nanocomposites was attributed at a peak of approx. 55–60 °C due to the incorporation of C93A nanoclay into the matrix in the study of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The morphological investigation using WAXD analysis showcased particle clay intercalation and dispersion within the PHB matrix, indicating effective clay-matrix interactions. Overall, this study sheds light on the enhanced properties of PHB nanocomposites with the incorporation of organoclay, offering potential applications in various industries.
{"title":"Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of poly(3-hydroxy butyrate) nanocomposites prepared by melt mixing method","authors":"Aswini Kumar Mohapatra, Aswathy N R","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0204","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on the preparation of poly (3-hydroxy butyrate) (PHB) nanocomposites using the melt mixing method. Two types of organically modified nanoclay, Cloisite 93A (C93A), and Cloisite 30B (C30B), were incorporated at various weight percentages into the PHB matrix to create the nanocomposites. Comparative analyses were conducted between PHB/C93A and PHB/C30B to assess their tensile and impact properties in relation to the matrix polymer. Between the nanocomposites, the PHB/C93A nanocomposites shows an optimum tensile modulus of 949 Mpa with a 3 wt% clay loading, while PHB/C30B nanocomposites demonstrated improved percentage elongation at break of 5.33 % and enhanced Izod impact strength of 39.67 J/m at 3 wt% of clay load. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) signifies the thermal behavior of both the matrix and nanocomposite. The degree of crystallinity is observed to be 47 % in case of the PHB/C30B nanocomposites as compared to the PHB/C93A nanocomposites as 38 %. Again in case of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the maximum % char of 5.198 is observed for the PHB/C30B nanocomposites. The enhanced viscoelastic behavior of the PHB/C93A nanocomposites was attributed at a peak of approx. 55–60 °C due to the incorporation of C93A nanoclay into the matrix in the study of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The morphological investigation using WAXD analysis showcased particle clay intercalation and dispersion within the PHB matrix, indicating effective clay-matrix interactions. Overall, this study sheds light on the enhanced properties of PHB nanocomposites with the incorporation of organoclay, offering potential applications in various industries.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140071738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0231
Richa Srivastava, Kumar Gaurav
The urgent need for clean and affordable energy solutions to combat energy scarcity and global warming is paramount. Fuel cells, particularly microbial fuel cells (MFCs), offer a promising avenue for sustainable energy production. Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are critical components in MFCs, but the high cost of Nafion, the gold standard PEM, poses a significant challenge. In this pioneering study, we tried to fabricate PEMs by crafting them from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), coupled with innovative combinations of potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and citric acid. The synthesized membranes were studied for their water uptake capacity, ion exchange capacity and potential applications in MFC. The maximum remarkable water uptake capacities of up to 70 % for 10 % KSCN and 64 % for 7.5 % citric acid compositions was observed. Furthermore, these PEMs exhibit ion exchange capacities (IEC) ranging from 0.024 to an impressive 0.69 meq/gm, with the 7.5 % citric acid variant showcasing the highest IEC (0.69 meq/gm). The membranes having better IEC were applied to microbial fuel cell. This results in maximum power density of 50.03 μw/cm2, underscoring the tremendous potential these membranes hold as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional PEMs in MFCs.
{"title":"Doped polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as proton exchange membrane for microbial fuel cell","authors":"Richa Srivastava, Kumar Gaurav","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0231","url":null,"abstract":"The urgent need for clean and affordable energy solutions to combat energy scarcity and global warming is paramount. Fuel cells, particularly microbial fuel cells (MFCs), offer a promising avenue for sustainable energy production. Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are critical components in MFCs, but the high cost of Nafion, the gold standard PEM, poses a significant challenge. In this pioneering study, we tried to fabricate PEMs by crafting them from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), coupled with innovative combinations of potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and citric acid. The synthesized membranes were studied for their water uptake capacity, ion exchange capacity and potential applications in MFC. The maximum remarkable water uptake capacities of up to 70 % for 10 % KSCN and 64 % for 7.5 % citric acid compositions was observed. Furthermore, these PEMs exhibit ion exchange capacities (IEC) ranging from 0.024 to an impressive 0.69 meq/gm, with the 7.5 % citric acid variant showcasing the highest IEC (0.69 meq/gm). The membranes having better IEC were applied to microbial fuel cell. This results in maximum power density of 50.03 μw/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, underscoring the tremendous potential these membranes hold as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional PEMs in MFCs.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based scaffold fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) shows great potential in cartilage repair field. However, the limited mechanical properties after being swollen by water molecules in the body fluid hinder their applications. Herein, the boric acid is introduced to improve the mechanical behaviors of FDM-printed PVA-based scaffold. The ICP, FTIR, SEM, and swelling behaviors are utilized to explore the influence of boric acid concentration on the materials. The results indicate that the boric acid would form boronic ester-crosslinked PVA (B-PVA) and the density of the crosslink will increase at first then decrease with the boric acid concentration increases. As the concentration of boric acid is 1 %, the densest crosslink point in materials can be obtained. Then the fatigue, relaxation, and creep behaviors tests are carried out, which indicates that the crosslinking will improve the mechanical behaviors of scaffold at a great level. At last, the scaffold shows a good mineralization ability and excellent biocompatibility.
{"title":"Enhancement of mechanical behaviors of the 3D-printed polyvinyl alcohol–based scaffold by boric acid crosslinking","authors":"Jintian Wu, Rui Liu, Wei Zhang, Quan Zhong, Yu Lei, Ling Huang","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0305","url":null,"abstract":"Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based scaffold fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) shows great potential in cartilage repair field. However, the limited mechanical properties after being swollen by water molecules in the body fluid hinder their applications. Herein, the boric acid is introduced to improve the mechanical behaviors of FDM-printed PVA-based scaffold. The ICP, FTIR, SEM, and swelling behaviors are utilized to explore the influence of boric acid concentration on the materials. The results indicate that the boric acid would form boronic ester-crosslinked PVA (B-PVA) and the density of the crosslink will increase at first then decrease with the boric acid concentration increases. As the concentration of boric acid is 1 %, the densest crosslink point in materials can be obtained. Then the fatigue, relaxation, and creep behaviors tests are carried out, which indicates that the crosslinking will improve the mechanical behaviors of scaffold at a great level. At last, the scaffold shows a good mineralization ability and excellent biocompatibility.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140047228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Structurally novel fluorinated polyurethaneimide (PUI) electro-optic polymer based on chromophore molecule b, diisocyanate MDI and anhydride BPAFDA was synthesized by stepwise polymerization of oligomer PUI with fluorinated aromatic diamines BATB and BATPP. Electro-optic (EO) PUI chain structure had the structure of polyimide and polyurethane chain segments, integrating the advantages of polyimide and polyurethane. The PUI possessed good film-forming property, a high glass transition temperature (Tg = 193 °C) and good thermal stability (5 % weight loss temperature Td up to 320 °C). Y-Structured inverted ridge polymer optical waveguides were designed and fabricated using the PUI as the waveguide core material. The PUI had good optical performance with an EO coefficient (γ33) of 79 pm/V and 1.1 dB/cm optical propagation loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The results showed that the synthesized PUI met the performance requirements for the preparation of polymer optical waveguide devices and was suitable as a polymer electro-optic waveguide material.
以发色团分子 b、二异氰酸酯 MDI 和酸酐 BPAFDA 为基础，通过低聚物 PUI 与含氟芳香族二胺 BATB 和 BATPP 的分步聚合，合成了结构新型的含氟聚氨酯亚胺（PUI）电光聚合物。电光（EO）PUI 的链结构具有聚酰亚胺和聚氨酯链段的结构，综合了聚酰亚胺和聚氨酯的优点。这种 PUI 具有良好的成膜性能、较高的玻璃化转变温度（T g = 193 ℃）和良好的热稳定性（温度 T d 高达 320 ℃，失重率为 5%）。使用 PUI 作为波导芯材料，设计并制造了 Y 型结构的倒脊聚合物光波导。PUI 具有良好的光学性能，其环氧乙烷系数 (γ33)为 79 pm/V，波长为 1550 nm 时的光传播损耗为 1.1 dB/cm。结果表明，合成的 PUI 符合制备聚合物光波导器件的性能要求，适合用作聚合物电光波导材料。
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of fluorinated polyurethaneimide electro-optic waveguide material with novel structure","authors":"Long-De Wang, Ling Tong, Jie-Wei Rong, Jian-Wei Wu","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0217","url":null,"abstract":"Structurally novel fluorinated polyurethaneimide (PUI) electro-optic polymer based on chromophore molecule b, diisocyanate MDI and anhydride BPAFDA was synthesized by stepwise polymerization of oligomer PUI with fluorinated aromatic diamines BATB and BATPP. Electro-optic (EO) PUI chain structure had the structure of polyimide and polyurethane chain segments, integrating the advantages of polyimide and polyurethane. The PUI possessed good film-forming property, a high glass transition temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic> <jats:sub>g</jats:sub> = 193 °C) and good thermal stability (5 % weight loss temperature <jats:italic>T</jats:italic> <jats:sub>d</jats:sub> up to 320 °C). Y-Structured inverted ridge polymer optical waveguides were designed and fabricated using the PUI as the waveguide core material. The PUI had good optical performance with an EO coefficient (γ<jats:sub>33</jats:sub>) of 79 pm/V and 1.1 dB/cm optical propagation loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The results showed that the synthesized PUI met the performance requirements for the preparation of polymer optical waveguide devices and was suitable as a polymer electro-optic waveguide material.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140020134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, the fabrication of a scaffold from biomaterials has been increased due to the lack of adequate natural bone for grafting. In this study, hydroxyapatite-chitosan-alginate-polyamide (HCAP) synthetic scaffold was fabricated using the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. The scaffold was cross-linked with either a chemical cross-linker (calcium chloride, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or glutaraldehyde (GTA)) or a physical cross-linker (gamma irradiation (IR)) resulting in scaffolds HCAP-CaCl2, HCAP-HEMA, HCAP-GTA, and HCAP-IR, respectively. The cross-linked scaffolds were characterized based on physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. HCAP-GTA showed the highest density and the lowest swelling ratio and biodegradation rate closely matching with those of the HCAP-IR. Porosity and density of the HCAP, HCAP-IR, and HCAP-GTA scaffolds were 92.14, 87.26, and 83.33 %, and 0.241, 0.307, and 0.335 g/cm3, respectively. The swelling ratio for the same scaffolds was 149, 110, and 108 % after 72 h of observation. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and RBC biocompatibility assay confirmed the non-toxic nature of HCAP-IR and HCAP-GTA scaffolds. The HCAP-IR scaffold was tested for bone regeneration in the rabbit mandible defect model. Histological analysis revealed the regeneration of new bone and restoration of bone defect at the site of injury. These findings indicate that radiation induced physically cross-linked HCAP scaffold could be used as an alternative in bone defect replacement therapy.
{"title":"Physically cross-linked scaffold composed of hydroxyapatite-chitosan-alginate-polyamide has potential to trigger bone regeneration in craniofacial defect","authors":"Md. Masud Rana, Md. Arifuzzaman, Naznin Akhtar, Md. Raziul Haque, Swapan Kumar Sarkar, Md. Nurunnobi, Md. Aliuzzaman Sarder, Sikder M. Asaduzzaman","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2022-0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2022-0205","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the fabrication of a scaffold from biomaterials has been increased due to the lack of adequate natural bone for grafting. In this study, hydroxyapatite-chitosan-alginate-polyamide (HCAP) synthetic scaffold was fabricated using the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. The scaffold was cross-linked with either a chemical cross-linker (calcium chloride, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or glutaraldehyde (GTA)) or a physical cross-linker (gamma irradiation (IR)) resulting in scaffolds HCAP-CaCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, HCAP-HEMA, HCAP-GTA, and HCAP-IR, respectively. The cross-linked scaffolds were characterized based on physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. HCAP-GTA showed the highest density and the lowest swelling ratio and biodegradation rate closely matching with those of the HCAP-IR. Porosity and density of the HCAP, HCAP-IR, and HCAP-GTA scaffolds were 92.14, 87.26, and 83.33 %, and 0.241, 0.307, and 0.335 g/cm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, respectively. The swelling ratio for the same scaffolds was 149, 110, and 108 % after 72 h of observation. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and RBC biocompatibility assay confirmed the non-toxic nature of HCAP-IR and HCAP-GTA scaffolds. The HCAP-IR scaffold was tested for bone regeneration in the rabbit mandible defect model. Histological analysis revealed the regeneration of new bone and restoration of bone defect at the site of injury. These findings indicate that radiation induced physically cross-linked HCAP scaffold could be used as an alternative in bone defect replacement therapy.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139756078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rheological characterization of STFs plays an essential role in understanding the suspension’s stability and the structural changes that occur under the impact of shear forces. This study aims to investigate the rheological behavior of STF after adding titanium diboride (TiB2) as an additive. STF modified with 2 % w/W TiB2 compared to other concentrations (1 %, 1.25 %, and 3 %) showed a maximum rise in viscosity (max), i.e., 18,484 Pa s during steady state rheology, as compared to untreated STF. In dynamic rheology, the same sample demonstrated maximum values of G′ and G″ at a constant frequency of 30 rad/s, G′ and G″ improved by 25 and 11 times, respectively, over unmodified STF. Furthermore, for constant strain amplitudes, the maximum values of G′ and G″ were observed at a strain amplitude of 700 %. G′ and G″ improved by approximately 6.5 and 6 times over unmodified STF, respectively. The findings of the dynamic and steady-state rheological analyses demonstrated that integrating TiB2 into the STF improved the ST behavior.
{"title":"Effect of titanium diboride on the rheological characteristics of silica-based polyethylene glycol shear thickening fluid","authors":"Gursimran Kaur, Karamjit Singh, Sanjeev Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0169","url":null,"abstract":"The rheological characterization of STFs plays an essential role in understanding the suspension’s stability and the structural changes that occur under the impact of shear forces. This study aims to investigate the rheological behavior of STF after adding titanium diboride (TiB<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) as an additive. STF modified with 2 % w/W TiB<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> compared to other concentrations (1 %, 1.25 %, and 3 %) showed a maximum rise in viscosity (max), i.e., 18,484 Pa s during steady state rheology, as compared to untreated STF. In dynamic rheology, the same sample demonstrated maximum values of G′ and <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>″ at a constant frequency of 30 rad/s, <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>′ and <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>″ improved by 25 and 11 times, respectively, over unmodified STF. Furthermore, for constant strain amplitudes, the maximum values of <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>′ and <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>″ were observed at a strain amplitude of 700 %. <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>′ and <jats:italic>G</jats:italic>″ improved by approximately 6.5 and 6 times over unmodified STF, respectively. The findings of the dynamic and steady-state rheological analyses demonstrated that integrating TiB<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> into the STF improved the ST behavior.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139756015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0148
Xinyu Yang, Jinyan Li, Xi Chen, Tao Wang, Guifei Li, Kunxi Zhang, Jingbo Yin, Haiyan Cui
The process of wound healing is complex and dynamic. Given the unique nature of the skin, wound healing requires dressings that meet a wide range of functional requirements. Due to their unique structure and properties, hydrogel dressings provide ideal conditions for supporting the process of wound healing and can be enhanced with additional functions to meet the specific requirements of different types of wounds. Compared to traditional wound dressings, the newly developed hydrogel wound dressing offers several advantages, including its soft texture, ability to retain moisture, oxygen permeability, and comfort. With the advancement of medical technology, higher demands are being placed on the functionality of hydrogel dressings. Therefore, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of hydrogel wound dressings with various functions. These functions primarily include hemostatic hydrogel dressings, antibacterial hydrogel dressings, angiogenesis-promoting hydrogel dressings, and other functional hydrogel dressings. The paper also reviews the research and application of these dressings in recent years.
{"title":"Multifunctional hydrogels for wound healing","authors":"Xinyu Yang, Jinyan Li, Xi Chen, Tao Wang, Guifei Li, Kunxi Zhang, Jingbo Yin, Haiyan Cui","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0148","url":null,"abstract":"The process of wound healing is complex and dynamic. Given the unique nature of the skin, wound healing requires dressings that meet a wide range of functional requirements. Due to their unique structure and properties, hydrogel dressings provide ideal conditions for supporting the process of wound healing and can be enhanced with additional functions to meet the specific requirements of different types of wounds. Compared to traditional wound dressings, the newly developed hydrogel wound dressing offers several advantages, including its soft texture, ability to retain moisture, oxygen permeability, and comfort. With the advancement of medical technology, higher demands are being placed on the functionality of hydrogel dressings. Therefore, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of hydrogel wound dressings with various functions. These functions primarily include hemostatic hydrogel dressings, antibacterial hydrogel dressings, angiogenesis-promoting hydrogel dressings, and other functional hydrogel dressings. The paper also reviews the research and application of these dressings in recent years.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139756076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0216
Maria Stehle, Torben Lemmermann, Fabian Grasser, Claudia Adolfs, Marco Drache, Uwe Gohs, Armin Lohrengel, Ulrich Kunz, Sabine Beuermann
An innovative reactor concept is reported that allows for efficient mass transfer from the liquid phase to the base material and compensates for the growth of the material throughout the synthesis of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM). The novel reactor allows for the synthesis of PEMs with high reproducibility of their dimensions and properties. PEMs are synthesized via graft copolymerization of the monomers acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid on poly(vinylidene fluoride) films serving as base material, which was activated by electron beam treatment. Both monomers are already containing protogenic groups; thus, follow-up functionalization reactions are avoided. The PEMs were characterized with respect to their electrochemical properties (area specific resistance, recharge current, and ion exchange capacity) relevant for application in vanadium flow batteries and compared to commercially available PEMs.
{"title":"Innovative reactor design for the preparation of polymer electrolyte membranes for vanadium flow batteries from preirradiation induced graft copolymerization of acrylic acid and AMPS on PVDF","authors":"Maria Stehle, Torben Lemmermann, Fabian Grasser, Claudia Adolfs, Marco Drache, Uwe Gohs, Armin Lohrengel, Ulrich Kunz, Sabine Beuermann","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0216","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative reactor concept is reported that allows for efficient mass transfer from the liquid phase to the base material and compensates for the growth of the material throughout the synthesis of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM). The novel reactor allows for the synthesis of PEMs with high reproducibility of their dimensions and properties. PEMs are synthesized via graft copolymerization of the monomers acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid on poly(vinylidene fluoride) films serving as base material, which was activated by electron beam treatment. Both monomers are already containing protogenic groups; thus, follow-up functionalization reactions are avoided. The PEMs were characterized with respect to their electrochemical properties (area specific resistance, recharge current, and ion exchange capacity) relevant for application in vanadium flow batteries and compared to commercially available PEMs.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0238
Yicai Zhang, Zhao Ke, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen, Dandan Li
Composite films of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyimide (PI) combine the advantages of both materials like excellent inertness to chemicals and thermal stability, which provide great potential in applications under harsh environments. However, strong adhesion between PTFE and PI layers still remains a big challenge. In this study, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) as an intermediate layer was found to significantly enhance the adhesion of PTFE films to PI film, with peel strength up to 350 N/m in the manufactured direction comparing to the value of 0 for PTFE/PI composite film without FEP. It’s superior to that of commercially available products (25 N/m) under the same test conditions. The improved performance is attributed to the formation of interlocks of molecules at the interfaces between the PTFE and FEP layers, and FEP and PI layers as observed in the images obtained by atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）和聚酰亚胺（PI）的复合薄膜结合了两种材料的优点，如优异的化学惰性和热稳定性，在恶劣环境下的应用具有巨大潜力。然而，PTFE 和 PI 层之间的强粘合性仍然是一个巨大的挑战。本研究发现，作为中间层的氟化乙烯丙烯（FEP）能显著增强 PTFE 薄膜与 PI 薄膜的粘合力，与不含 FEP 的 PTFE/PI 复合薄膜的 0 值相比，其制造方向上的剥离强度可达 350 N/m。在相同的测试条件下，它优于市售产品（25 N/m）。从原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）获得的图像中可以观察到，性能提高的原因是在 PTFE 层和 FEP 层以及 FEP 层和 PI 层之间的界面上形成了分子互锁。
{"title":"Study on the adhesion of PTFE/PI composite films by interlocking synergistic effects","authors":"Yicai Zhang, Zhao Ke, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen, Dandan Li","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0238","url":null,"abstract":"Composite films of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyimide (PI) combine the advantages of both materials like excellent inertness to chemicals and thermal stability, which provide great potential in applications under harsh environments. However, strong adhesion between PTFE and PI layers still remains a big challenge. In this study, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) as an intermediate layer was found to significantly enhance the adhesion of PTFE films to PI film, with peel strength up to 350 N/m in the manufactured direction comparing to the value of 0 for PTFE/PI composite film without FEP. It’s superior to that of commercially available products (25 N/m) under the same test conditions. The improved performance is attributed to the formation of interlocks of molecules at the interfaces between the PTFE and FEP layers, and FEP and PI layers as observed in the images obtained by atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139648867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2023-0233
Jianxiang Chen, Liqiang Deng, Qianqian Chen
In order to study the effect of nanoparticle dimensions on the thermodynamic properties of PHBV and PHBV blends, one-dimensional cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), two-dimensional graphene, and zero-dimensional hydrophobic nano-silica were selected to regulate the crystallization and mechanical properties of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) and PHBV blends. The morphology, crystallization process, mechanical property and rheological response of PHBV nanomaterials were analyzed. Experimental results show that the three selected nanomaterials all hinder the crystallization process of PHBV, among which two-dimensional graphene exhibits the most obvious hindrance. At the same time, two-dimensional graphene can improve the tensile strength and impact strength of PHBV. However, in the rheological response of PHBV nanocomposites, zero-dimensional hydrophobic nano-silica and one-dimensional cellulose nanocrystals show more obvious regulatory effects than two-dimensional graphene.
{"title":"Influence of different dimensional nanoparticles on the properties of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) nanocomposites","authors":"Jianxiang Chen, Liqiang Deng, Qianqian Chen","doi":"10.1515/polyeng-2023-0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2023-0233","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the effect of nanoparticle dimensions on the thermodynamic properties of PHBV and PHBV blends, one-dimensional cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), two-dimensional graphene, and zero-dimensional hydrophobic nano-silica were selected to regulate the crystallization and mechanical properties of poly(<jats:italic>β</jats:italic>-hydroxybutyrate-<jats:italic>co</jats:italic>-valerate) (PHBV) and PHBV blends. The morphology, crystallization process, mechanical property and rheological response of PHBV nanomaterials were analyzed. Experimental results show that the three selected nanomaterials all hinder the crystallization process of PHBV, among which two-dimensional graphene exhibits the most obvious hindrance. At the same time, two-dimensional graphene can improve the tensile strength and impact strength of PHBV. However, in the rheological response of PHBV nanocomposites, zero-dimensional hydrophobic nano-silica and one-dimensional cellulose nanocrystals show more obvious regulatory effects than two-dimensional graphene.","PeriodicalId":16881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139648595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：