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A Cross-Sectional Survey Investigating Māori and Non-Māori Cancer Patients' Views on Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in Aotearoa New Zealand. 新西兰奥特亚罗瓦毛利人和非毛利人癌症患者对迷幻辅助疗法看法的横断面调查。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2024.2397427
Georgia Best, Eva Morunga, Alesha Wells, Jenny Allison, Lisa Reynolds

People with cancer experience higher rates of psychological dysfunction than the general population, with extreme inequity among indigenous people. Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is a reemerging area with promising evidence as a treatment for mental health difficulties. The current study aimed to investigate the perceptions of PAT in indigenous (Māori) and non-indigenous cancer patients in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Eighty-five cancer patients (Māori n = 32, non-Māori n = 53) completed a brief anonymous survey assessing demographics, psychological factors, and awareness and perceptions of PAT. Participants were recruited online (via social media and cancer support e-mail lists) and in person at Auckland City Hospital. Maori had significantly poorer psychological well-being than non-Māori. All participants had low awareness of this novel treatment and held largely neutral attitudes. Regression analyses revealed that predictors of more favorable attitudes toward PAT included greater awareness of psychedelics, advanced cancer stage, younger age, poorer holistic well-being, greater demoralization, and prioritizing treatment effectiveness over possible risks and uncertainty. The current study provides a foundational step in exploring perceptions toward PAT in indigenous and non-indigenous groups. These results have the potential to shape future research trials investigating PAT and further highlight the importance of indigenous involvement in the psychedelic research space.

与普通人相比,癌症患者的心理功能障碍发生率更高,而在原住民中则极不公平。迷幻辅助疗法(PAT)是一个新兴领域,作为治疗心理健康问题的一种方法,其前景看好。本研究旨在调查新西兰奥特亚罗瓦原住民(毛利人)和非原住民癌症患者对迷幻辅助疗法的看法。85名癌症患者(毛利人32人,非毛利人53人)完成了一项简短的匿名调查,调查内容包括人口统计学、心理因素、对PAT的认识和看法。调查对象通过网络(社交媒体和癌症支持电子邮件列表)和奥克兰市立医院亲自招募。毛利人的心理健康水平明显低于非毛利人。所有参与者对这种新疗法的认知度都很低,而且基本上持中立态度。回归分析表明,对 PAT 持更赞成态度的预测因素包括:对迷幻剂的认识程度更高、癌症晚期、年龄更小、整体健康状况更差、士气更低落、治疗效果优先于可能的风险和不确定性。目前的研究为探索土著和非土著群体对 PAT 的看法迈出了奠基性的一步。这些结果有可能影响未来调查 PAT 的研究试验,并进一步强调了原住民参与迷幻药研究领域的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Correlates of Current Methamphetamine Use and Opioid Co-Use Among Latina Women in a Low-Income Community. 低收入社区拉丁裔妇女目前使用甲基苯丙胺和共同使用阿片类药物的相关因素。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2024.2395494
J Frankeberger, T Perdue, E Ramirez, A Valdez, A Cepeda

Using data from Proyecto SALTO, a 15-year follow-up study of a cohort of Mexican American women in a low-income community in San Antonio, Texas, this study examines emerging patterns of current methamphetamine (MA) use, including opioid co-use, among this understudied population. A bivariate analysis compared individuals with and without current MA use and identified sociodemographic correlates and co-occurring mental health and substance use. A secondary analysis compared those with current MA use, opioid use, and concurrent MA and opioid use. Nineteen percent of the sample had current MA use. MA use was associated with having a lower income (OR = 7.04-1.93, SE = 1.59-5.46), residential instability (OR = 5.19, SE = 1.99), and suicidal ideation (OR = 2.62, SE = 0.93). Participants with MA use had more than four times the odds of using opioids than those without MA use. Women with concurrent MA and opioid use differed in sociodemographics and behavioral risks compared to those with only MA or only opioid use. These findings explore the social, mental health, and structural inequities that exacerbate risks and harms associated with high-risk substance use among marginalized Latino populations. Prevention and intervention strategies should adopt a holistic approach that considers and addresses polysubstance use, mental health, and the sociocultural contexts in which individuals live.

SALTO 项目是一项对德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥低收入社区的墨西哥裔美国妇女队列进行的为期 15 年的跟踪研究,本研究利用该项目提供的数据,探讨了这一未得到充分研究的人群中当前使用甲基苯丙胺(MA)的新模式,包括阿片类药物的共同使用。一项双变量分析比较了目前使用和未使用甲基苯丙胺的人群,并确定了社会人口学相关因素以及精神健康和药物使用的共存情况。二次分析比较了目前使用 MA、使用阿片类药物以及同时使用 MA 和阿片类药物的人群。19%的样本目前使用 MA。使用 MA 与收入较低(OR = 7.04-1.93,SE = 1.59-5.46)、居住不稳定(OR = 5.19,SE = 1.99)和自杀倾向(OR = 2.62,SE = 0.93)有关。使用 MA 的参与者使用阿片类药物的几率是未使用 MA 的参与者的四倍多。与仅使用 MA 或仅使用阿片类药物的女性相比,同时使用 MA 和阿片类药物的女性在社会人口统计学和行为风险方面存在差异。这些发现探讨了社会、心理健康和结构上的不平等,这些不平等加剧了边缘化拉丁裔人群使用高风险药物的相关风险和危害。预防和干预策略应采用综合方法,考虑并解决多种药物使用、心理健康以及个人所处的社会文化背景等问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Preliminary Inventory of Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa) Products and Vendors on the Darknet and Cryptomarkets. 暗网和加密市场上桔梗(Mitragyna Speciosa)产品和销售商的初步清单。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2242361
Elisabeth Prevete, Valeria Catalani, Darshan Singh, Kim P C Kuypers, Eef L Theunissen, Honor D Townshend, Hani Banayoti, Johannes G Ramaekers, Massimo Pasquini, Ornella Corazza

In recent years, the online sale of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), a Southeast Asian plant with both medicinal and psychoactive properties, has raised health concerns mainly due to the uncontrolled diffusion of adulterated kratom-related products. This exploratory study provides, for the first time, a snapshot of the availability of kratom products on the darknet which has been further validated by data searches on the surface web. A total of 231 listings of kratom across 23 darknet marketplaces were identified between March 2020 and October 2021. Among these, 40 were found actively sold across five markets by thirteen vendors. Listed items were mainly advertised as "safe" substitutes for medicinal products for the self-management of pain and other health conditions and offered in various forms (e.g., dry leaf powder, pills, capsules). Purchases were made using cryptocurrencies, with some vendors offering Pretty Good Privacy, and were shipped from Europe, Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Goods sold by the same sellers also included illicit drugs and fraud-related products. Our study discovered a previously unknown diffusion of kratom products on the darknet mainly for self-treating a variety of medical conditions, suggesting the need for further research and immediate interventions to safeguard the well-being and health of kratom consumers.

近年来,东南亚一种具有药用和精神活性的植物--桔梗(Mitragyna speciosa)的网上销售引起了人们对健康的关注,主要原因是掺假的桔梗相关产品不受控制地传播。这项探索性研究首次提供了暗网上克利托姆产品的供应情况,并通过表面网络的数据搜索进一步验证了这一点。2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 10 月期间,在 23 个暗网市场上共发现了 231 个 kratom 列表。其中,发现有 13 个卖家在 5 个市场上积极销售 40 种桔梗。所列出的物品主要被宣传为 "安全 "的医药产品替代品,用于自我管理疼痛和其他健康状况,并以各种形式提供(如干叶粉末、药丸、胶囊)。购买时使用的是加密货币,一些卖家还提供 "相当好的隐私"(Pretty Good Privacy),并从欧洲、澳大利亚、美国和英国发货。同一卖家销售的商品还包括非法药物和与欺诈相关的产品。我们的研究发现,暗网上出现了一种以前不为人知的克瑞托姆产品,主要用于自我治疗各种病症,这表明有必要开展进一步研究并立即采取干预措施,以保障克瑞托姆消费者的福祉和健康。
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引用次数: 0
Correlates of Perceived Discrimination Related to Substance Use Disorders Among Patients in Methadone Maintenance Treatment. 美沙酮维持治疗患者中与药物使用障碍有关的认知歧视的相关因素。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2230571
Uzoji Nwanaji-Enwerem, Mark Beitel, David E Oberleitner, Marina Gaeta Gazzola, Kathryn F Eggert, Lindsay M S Oberleitner, Oluwole Jegede, Xiaoying Zheng, Nancy S Redeker, Lynn M Madden, Declan T Barry

This study sought to examine demographic, treatment-related, and diagnosis-related correlates of substance use disorder (SUD)-related perceived discrimination among patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Participants were 164 patients at nonprofit, low-barrier-to-treatment-access MMT programs. Participants completed measures of demographics, diagnosis-related characteristics (Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ)), and treatment-related characteristics. Perceived discrimination was measured on a seven-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 ("Not at all") to 7 ("Extremely") in response to the item: "I often feel discriminated against because of my substance abuse." Given the variable's distribution, a median split was used to categorize participants into "high" and "low" discrimination groups. Correlates of high and low discrimination were analyzed with bivariate and logistic regression models. Ninety-four participants (57%) reported high SUD-related perceived discrimination. Bivariate analyses identified six statistically significant correlates of SUD-related perceived discrimination (P < .05): age, race, age of onset of opioid use disorder, BSI-18 Depression, DEQ Dependency, and DEQ Self-Criticism. In the final logistic regression model, those with high (versus low) SUD-related perceived discrimination were more likely to report depressive symptoms and be self-critical. Patients in MMT with high compared to low SUD-related perceived discrimination may be more likely to report being depressed and self-critical.

本研究旨在考察接受美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)的患者中与药物使用障碍(SUD)相关的歧视感知的人口统计学、治疗相关性和诊断相关性。研究对象是 164 名非营利性、治疗门槛低的美沙酮维持治疗项目的患者。受试者完成了人口统计学、诊断相关特征(简明症状量表 (BSI-18) 和抑郁经历问卷 (DEQ))以及治疗相关特征的测量。对于 "我经常感到自己受到歧视,因为我觉得我的家人和朋友都在歧视我 "这一项目,采用李克特(Likert)七分量表进行测量,量表范围从 1("完全没有")到 7("非常严重"):"我经常因为滥用药物而感到受到歧视"。考虑到变量的分布情况,我们采用中位数分割法将参与者分为 "高 "和 "低 "歧视组。我们使用双变量和逻辑回归模型分析了 "高 "和 "低 "歧视的相关因素。94 名参与者(57%)报告了与 SUD 相关的高感知歧视。双变量分析确定了与 SUD 相关的感知歧视的六个具有统计学意义的相关因素(P
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引用次数: 0
Depression and Substance Use Among Brazilian University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19 大流行期间巴西大学生的抑郁和药物使用情况。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2244499
Elton Brás Camargo Júnior, Isabela Santos Noivo, Thallita Caroline Cassiano Gouvea, Maria Neyria de Fatima Fernandes, Edilaine Cristina da Silva Gherardi-Donato

The prevalence of depression and substance use changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study explored the association between the use of psychoactive substances and depression in Brazilian university students. This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2021 and 2022. A sample of 1271 students were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between tobacco use, alcohol consumption, illicit substance use, and depression. Among the participants, 424 (33.4%; 95%CI 30.7-36) screened positive for depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Alcohol was the most consumed substance. Recent use of illicit substances was associated with depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.59; CI 1.02-2.50). The pattern of moderate or high-risk tobacco use (aOR 2.11; CI 1.31-3.42), alcohol use (aOR 3.40; CI 2.29-5.06), and illicit substances (aOR 1.82; CI 1.15-2.89) were associated with higher chances of depression in adjusted models. Findings highlight the importance of implementing support for mental health among university students. These policies are crucial for addressing maladaptive behaviors, such as substance use, and for mitigating psychological distress, such as depression, which has been exacerbated during the pandemic.

在 COVID-19 大流行期间,抑郁症和药物使用的流行率发生了显著变化。本研究探讨了巴西大学生使用精神活性物质与抑郁症之间的关系。这项横断面研究在 2021 年至 2022 年期间进行。研究人员使用患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)和酒精、吸烟与物质参与筛查测试(ASSIST)对1271名学生进行了评估。采用层次多元逻辑回归模型评估烟草使用、酒精消费、非法药物使用和抑郁之间的关联。参与者中有 424 人(33.4%;95%CI 30.7-36)抑郁症筛查呈阳性(PHQ-9 ≥ 10)。酒精是消耗最多的物质。近期使用非法药物与抑郁有关(调整后的几率比 [aOR] 1.59;CI 1.02-2.50)。在调整模型中,中度或高风险烟草使用(aOR 2.11;CI 1.31-3.42)、酒精使用(aOR 3.40;CI 2.29-5.06)和非法药物使用(aOR 1.82;CI 1.15-2.89)的模式与抑郁症的高发几率相关。研究结果凸显了在大学生中实施心理健康支持的重要性。这些政策对于解决适应不良行为(如药物使用)和减轻心理困扰(如抑郁症)至关重要,而抑郁症在大流行病期间更加严重。
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引用次数: 0
Translation and Initial Psychometric Evaluation of Spanish Versions of Three Psychedelic Acute Effects Measures: Mystical, Challenging, and Insight Experiences. 三种迷幻剂急性效应测量的西班牙语版本的翻译和初步心理测量评估:神秘体验、挑战体验和洞察体验。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2232379
Alan K Davis, Christopher Timmermann, Ana Maria Ortiz Bernal, Rafaelle Lancelotta, Sandeep Nayak, Nathan D Sepeda, Aki Nikolaidis, Roland R Griffiths

This study translated and tested the psychometric properties of acute psychedelic effects measures among Spanish-speaking people. The Psychological Insight Questionnaire (PIQ), Challenging Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ), and Mystical Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ) were translated before being incorporated into a web-based survey. We recruited native Spanish-speakers (N = 442; Mage = 30.8, SD = 10.9; Latino/Latina = 62%; Hispanic = 91.4%; male = 71.5%) to assess their previous experience with one of two psychedelics (LSD = 58.4%; Psilocybin = 41.6%) and their acute and enduring effects. Confirmatory factor analysis (confirming factor structure based on the English version) revealed a good fit for the MEQ, PIQ and the CEQ. Repeating our analysis in each drug subsample revealed consistency in factor structure for each assessment tool. Construct validity was supported by significant positive associations between the PIQ and MEQ, and between the PIQ and MEQ and changes in cognitive fusion and negative associations between changes in prosocial behaviors. As a signal of predictive validity, persisting effects (PEQ) were strongly related to scores on the MEQ and PIQ. Findings demonstrate that the Spanish versions of these measures can be reliably employed in studies of psychedelic use or administration in Spanish-speaking populations.

本研究翻译并测试了西班牙语使用者急性迷幻药效应测量的心理测量特性。在将心理洞察力问卷(PIQ)、挑战性体验问卷(CEQ)和神秘体验问卷(MEQ)纳入网络调查之前,我们对其进行了翻译。我们招募了以西班牙语为母语的人(N = 442;Mage = 30.8,SD = 10.9;Latino/Latina = 62%;Hispanic = 91.4%;男性 = 71.5%),以评估他们以前使用两种迷幻药(LSD = 58.4%;Psilocybin = 41.6%)中的一种的经历及其急性和持久效应。确认性因素分析(根据英文版确认因素结构)显示,MEQ、PIQ 和 CEQ 的拟合度很高。在每个药物子样本中重复我们的分析表明,每个评估工具的因子结构都是一致的。PIQ和MEQ之间、PIQ和MEQ与认知融合变化之间以及与亲社会行为变化之间存在显著的正相关和负相关,这证明了结构效度。作为预测有效性的信号,持续效应(PEQ)与 MEQ 和 PIQ 的得分密切相关。研究结果表明,在对西班牙语人群使用或施用迷幻药的研究中,可以可靠地使用这些测量方法的西班牙语版本。
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引用次数: 0
On the mushrooming reports of "quiet quitting": Employees' lifetime psilocybin use predicts their overtime hours worked. 关于 "默默辞职 "的报道如雨后春笋般涌现:员工终生服用迷幻药的情况可预测其加班时间。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2242358
Benjamin A Korman

Despite the recent and sharp rise in psychedelic research, few studies have investigated how classic psychedelic use relates to employees' work-related outcomes. This is surprising given that the increased use, decriminalization, and legalization of classic psychedelics in the United States (U.S.) has the potential to impact both employees and their organizations. Addressing this gap, the current study explores how employees' lifetime psilocybin use relates to the amount of overtime they work, thereby offering insight into what current trends in psilocybin use could mean for businesses. Using pooled, cross-sectional data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002-2014) on 217,963 adults employed in the U.S. full-time, this study tests whether lifetime psilocybin use is associated with employees' number of overtime hours worked in the past week. After adjusting for sociodemographics and other substance use, a significant negative association is found between employees' lifetime psilocybin use and the amount of overtime they reported working. Specifically, the findings suggest that lifetime psilocybin use in the U.S. full-time working population is associated with an estimated 44,348,400 fewer overtime hours worked per year and may help explain recent findings linking employees' lifetime psilocybin use to a reduction in sick leave taken.

尽管最近迷幻药研究急剧增加,但很少有研究调查了经典迷幻药的使用与员工工作相关结果的关系。鉴于经典迷幻药在美国的使用增加、非刑罪化和合法化有可能对员工及其组织产生影响,这种情况令人惊讶。针对这一空白,本研究探讨了员工一生中使用迷幻剂的情况与加班时间的关系,从而深入了解当前迷幻剂的使用趋势对企业的影响。本研究利用《美国全国药物使用和健康调查》(2002-2014 年)中关于 217963 名在美国全职工作的成年人的汇总横截面数据,检验了终生使用迷幻剂是否与雇员过去一周的加班时数有关。在对社会人口统计学和其他药物使用情况进行调整后,发现雇员终生服用迷幻剂与他们报告的加班时数之间存在显著的负相关。具体而言,研究结果表明,美国全职工作人群终生服用西洛赛宾与每年加班时数减少约 4,434.84 万小时有关,这可能有助于解释最近关于雇员终生服用西洛赛宾与请病假减少有关的研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)-Occasioned Familiarity and the Sense of Familiarity Questionnaire (SOF-Q). N,N-二甲基色胺(DMT)引起的熟悉感和熟悉感问卷(SOF-Q)。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2230568
David Wyndham Lawrence, Alex P DiBattista, Christopher Timmermann

This study investigated the sense of familiarity attributed to N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) experiences. 227 naturalistic inhaled-DMT experiences reporting a sense of familiarity were included. No experiences referenced a previous DMT or psychedelic experience as the source of the familiarity. A high prevalence of concomitant features discordant from ordinary consciousness were identified: features of a mystical experience (97.4%), ego-dissolution (16.3%), and a "profound experience of death" (11.0%). The Sense of Familiarity Questionnaire (SOF-Q) was developed assessing 19 features of familiarity across 5 themes: (1) Familiarity with the Feeling, Emotion, or Knowledge Gained; (2) Familiarity with the Place, Space, State, or Environment; (3) Familiarity with the Act of Going Through the Experience; (4) Familiarity with Transcendent Features; and (5) Familiarity Imparted by an Entity Encounter. Bayesian latent class modeling yielded two stable classes of participants who shared similar SOF-Q responses. Class 1 participants responded, "yes" more often for items within "Familiarity Imparted by an Entity Encounter" and "Familiarity with the Feeling, Emotion, or Knowledge Gained." Results catalogued features of the sense of familiarity imparted by DMT, which appears to be non-referential to a previous psychedelic experience. Findings provide insights into the unique and enigmatic familiarity reported during DMT experiences and offer a foundation for further exploration into this intriguing phenomenon.

本研究调查了 N, N-二甲基色胺(DMT)体验的熟悉感。共有 227 个自然吸入 DMT 体验报告了熟悉感。没有任何体验将之前的 DMT 或迷幻体验作为熟悉感的来源。研究发现,与普通意识不一致的伴随特征非常普遍:神秘体验特征(97.4%)、自我解体(16.3%)和 "深刻的死亡体验"(11.0%)。熟悉感问卷(SOF-Q)的开发评估了 5 个主题中的 19 个熟悉感特征:(1)对感觉、情感或获得的知识的熟悉感;(2)对地点、空间、状态或环境的熟悉感;(3)对经历行为的熟悉感;(4)对超越特征的熟悉感;以及(5)实体遭遇带来的熟悉感。贝叶斯潜类建模得出了两个稳定的参与者类别,他们对 SOF-Q 的回答相似。第一类参与者对 "实体遭遇所带来的熟悉感 "和 "熟悉所获得的感觉、情感或知识 "中的项目回答 "是 "的频率更高。研究结果记录了 DMT 带来的熟悉感的特征,这种熟悉感似乎与之前的迷幻体验无关。研究结果提供了对 DMT 体验过程中报告的独特而神秘的熟悉感的见解,并为进一步探索这一引人入胜的现象奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Survey of U.S. Residents and Their Usage of Electronic Cigarettes with Drugs Other Than Nicotine. 美国居民及其尼古丁以外药物电子烟使用情况调查。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2250353
Alaina K Holt, Alyssa K Rudy, Ashlee N Sawyer, Justin L Poklis, Alison B Breland, Michelle R Peace

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), originally intended to be used as cigarette substitutes, have evolved into discreet devices for consuming drugs other than nicotine (DOTNs). Presented are the results of an exploratory survey in which information regarding demographics, e-cig device type, DOTN use, frequency and context of use was collected. The average reported age of respondents was 27.4 years of age (SD = 12.0), and respondents predominantly identified as male (73%). Vape pens (disposable or refillable) were the most reported device across all DOTN classes. Cannabinoids were the most reported class of DOTN used, for both lifetime and past 30-day use. Other DOTNs reported included herbal supplements, amphetamines, caffeine, kratom, vitamins, opiates, DMT, fentanyl, and ketamine. Combinations of DOTNs used in e-cigs and trends in poly-substance use were reported. The most commonly reported context was vaping alone, followed by with friends, at home, and at social events; less commonly reported contexts included when driving, at work, and at school. Results from this study are useful for developing future national surveys to consider a comprehensive substance use-focused strategy that includes vaping, building awareness of DOTN e-cig use, and highlighting public safety issues in driving impairment, crime scene investigations, and death investigations.

最初打算用作香烟替代品的电子烟(e-igs)已经发展成为消费尼古丁(DOTNs)以外药物的谨慎设备。介绍了一项探索性调查的结果,其中收集了有关人口统计、电子烟设备类型、DOTN使用、频率和使用背景的信息。受访者的平均报告年龄为27.4岁 年龄(SD = 12.0),受访者主要为男性(73%)。Vape笔(一次性或可再填充)是所有DOTN类别中报告最多的设备。大麻类药物是报告使用DOTN最多的一类药物,无论是终身使用还是过去30天的使用。报告的其他DOTN包括草药补充剂、安非他命、咖啡因、卡痛、维生素、阿片类药物、DMT、芬太尼和氯胺酮。报告了电子烟中使用的DOTNs的组合以及多物质使用的趋势。最常见的情况是独自吸食电子烟,其次是与朋友、在家和社交活动中;不太常见的情况包括开车、上班和上学。这项研究的结果有助于制定未来的国家调查,以考虑一项以物质使用为重点的综合战略,其中包括电子烟、提高对DOTN电子烟使用的认识,并强调驾驶障碍、犯罪现场调查和死亡调查中的公共安全问题。
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引用次数: 0
Safety of Alprazolam Use in Pregnancy in Western Australia: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Linked Health Data. 西澳大利亚妊娠期使用阿普唑仑的安全性:一项使用关联健康数据的回顾性队列研究。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2241465
Erin Kelty, Kate Chitty, David B Preen

The use of alprazolam in pregnancy can adversely affect maternal and neonatal health. This study examined neonatal outcomes following exposure to alprazolam in pregnancy. Women prescribed alprazolam during pregnancy (n = 48) between 2014 and 2018 were identified from routinely-collected state administrative prescribing records and perinatal data. Two comparison groups of women; 1) prescribed alprazolam outside of pregnancy (n = 96) and 2) women never prescribed alprazolam (n = 96) were also identified. The health of women and their children was examined using administrative hospital, mortality and perinatal data and compared to the comparison groups using generalized linear models. Prenatal alprazolam exposure was not associated with a reduction in average birth weight or gestational age. However, neonates prenatally exposed to alprazolam were more likely be classified as having low birth weight for gestational age compared with alprazolam comparison group (OR: 4.46, 95% CI: 1.54-12.95) and the non-alprazolam comparison group (OR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.22-8.79). There were no cases of perinatal mortality or floppy baby syndrome in alprazolam-exposed neonates. While the use of alprazolam during pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of severe adverse neonatal outcomes (e.g. perinatal mortality), it was associated with neonates being born with a low birth weight for gestational age.

妊娠期使用阿普唑仑会对产妇和新生儿的健康产生不利影响。本研究检查了妊娠期接触阿普唑仑后新生儿的结局。妇女在怀孕期间服用阿普唑仑(n = 48)是从常规收集的州行政处方记录和围产期数据中确定的。两个妇女比较组;1) 妊娠期外开具的阿普唑仑(n = 96)和2)女性从未开过阿普唑仑(n = 96)。使用医院管理、死亡率和围产期数据检查妇女及其子女的健康状况,并使用广义线性模型与对照组进行比较。产前暴露于阿普唑仑与平均出生体重或胎龄的降低无关。然而,与阿普唑仑对照组(OR:4.46,95%CI:1.54-12.95)和非阿普唑林对照组(OR:3.27,95%CI:1.22-8.79)相比,产前接触阿普唑拉姆的新生儿更有可能被归类为胎龄低出生体重儿。虽然在妊娠期间使用阿普唑仑与新生儿严重不良后果(如围产期死亡率)的风险增加无关,但它与新生儿出生时胎龄低出生体重有关。
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Journal of psychoactive drugs
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