Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i2.2496
O. Sharashy
Despite the great importance of legumes plants, most of them have a hard and impermeable testa, which causes physical dormancy of the seeds and prevents germination even when environmental conditions are favorable. This is considered one of the major problems in successful seed germination. Alhagi graecorum plant is a wild native legume. It has a hard and impermeable testa, which causes physical dormancy of seeds, and to overcome hard coat imposed dormancy, softening the hard seed coat by soaking Hydrochloric acid ( HCl ). The present study was conducted to evaluate various duration of soaking seeds in HCL to breaking physical dormancy for A.graecorum in 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The results showed that, final germination percentage (FGP) in treated seeds significantly increased when compared with the control were 55, 62 and 68 % respectively, while in control was only 12 %. Seed germination influenced by HCL is due to its capability to break the hard seed coat that leads to water absorption and imbibition of seeds. As for the mean daily germination ( MDG ), the results revealed that, there were significance increased in seventh day of sowing in germination between the treated seeds in duration of soaking 20 and 30 min were 23 and 24 % respectively, as they were most effective in germination, while the germination in the control stopped in the fifth day of sowing at 12 %. While the mean germination time (MGT), the results indicated that the seeds soaked in acid recorded 9.66, 9.13, and 8.62 days, respectively. The minimum MGT for treated seeds was detected in 30 min., 8.62 days. The reason for the long period of the mean germination time may be due to the use of a low concentration of hydrochloric acid, so I recommend using higher concentrations of acid to obtain a lower mean germination time.
{"title":"Impact of Hydrochloric acid on breaking seed dormancy and germination enhancement in native Alhagi graecorum Boiss ( Al-Agool ).","authors":"O. Sharashy","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i2.2496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i2.2496","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the great importance of legumes plants, most of them have a hard and impermeable testa, which causes physical dormancy of the seeds and prevents germination even when environmental conditions are favorable. This is considered one of the major problems in successful seed germination. Alhagi graecorum plant is a wild native legume. It has a hard and impermeable testa, which causes physical dormancy of seeds, and to overcome hard coat imposed dormancy, softening the hard seed coat by soaking Hydrochloric acid ( HCl ). The present study was conducted to evaluate various duration of soaking seeds in HCL to breaking physical dormancy for A.graecorum in 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The results showed that, final germination percentage (FGP) in treated seeds significantly increased when compared with the control were 55, 62 and 68 % respectively, while in control was only 12 %. Seed germination influenced by HCL is due to its capability to break the hard seed coat that leads to water absorption and imbibition of seeds. As for the mean daily germination ( MDG ), the results revealed that, there were significance increased in seventh day of sowing in germination between the treated seeds in duration of soaking 20 and 30 min were 23 and 24 % respectively, as they were most effective in germination, while the germination in the control stopped in the fifth day of sowing at 12 %. While the mean germination time (MGT), the results indicated that the seeds soaked in acid recorded 9.66, 9.13, and 8.62 days, respectively. The minimum MGT for treated seeds was detected in 30 min., 8.62 days. The reason for the long period of the mean germination time may be due to the use of a low concentration of hydrochloric acid, so I recommend using higher concentrations of acid to obtain a lower mean germination time.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76291707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2603
Zuhor Farag Edris
Electronic circuit technology is an important field with several scientific and practical applications. and that technology has been found that most modern electronic devices required nonlinear elements such as diodes, Transistors and operational amplifiers. Diodes have a variety of applications in electronics, including rectification, voltage demodulators, voltage regulation, logic gates and so on. In addition, transistors have many applications, which are widely used in electronics for amplification, switching, digital logic circuits, Power regulation, and oscillators. However, op-amps are electronic devices that can be used in a wide range of applications including Amplification, inverting, noninverting, summers, integrators, filtering, and comparators.This paper presents some examples of experimental simulation using Simulink software as a demonstration to students to make them understand the fundamentals of these nonlinear elements. Some experimental simulations were dealt with using diodes as a half-wave rectification, full-wave rectifier voltage regulator, and voltage limiter. However, the other experimental simulations dealt with OP-amp as an inverting, non-inverting, summer, subtractor, integrator and differentiator. Additionally, an operational amplifier is an important element in the design of active filters. Students can easily learn how to make experiment with this software in order to learn at their own time and pace. This helps visualize the fundaments of Op-Amp as well as any other physical system.
{"title":"Simulation Software as a Teaching Aid for Some Electronic Circuits Applications","authors":"Zuhor Farag Edris","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2603","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic circuit technology is an important field with several scientific and practical applications. and that technology has been found that most modern electronic devices required nonlinear elements such as diodes, Transistors and operational amplifiers. Diodes have a variety of applications in electronics, including rectification, voltage demodulators, voltage regulation, logic gates and so on. In addition, transistors have many applications, which are widely used in electronics for amplification, switching, digital logic circuits, Power regulation, and oscillators. However, op-amps are electronic devices that can be used in a wide range of applications including Amplification, inverting, noninverting, summers, integrators, filtering, and comparators.This paper presents some examples of experimental simulation using Simulink software as a demonstration to students to make them understand the fundamentals of these nonlinear elements. Some experimental simulations were dealt with using diodes as a half-wave rectification, full-wave rectifier voltage regulator, and voltage limiter. However, the other experimental simulations dealt with OP-amp as an inverting, non-inverting, summer, subtractor, integrator and differentiator. Additionally, an operational amplifier is an important element in the design of active filters. Students can easily learn how to make experiment with this software in order to learn at their own time and pace. This helps visualize the fundaments of Op-Amp as well as any other physical system.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87789877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2318
O. Sharashy
Alhagi graecorum is a plant belonging to the Fabaceae family and grows as wild perennial shrubby species. Seeds of this species possess seed physical dormancy and need to be removed to enhance germination, breaking of dormancy treatments were imposed on seeds to improve germination. Treatments include scarification with sulfuric acid ( H2SO4 ) for 10, 20, 30 and40 minutes. The results showed highly significant difference between control and all the treatments of germination percentage ( GP ) was 96%, 96%, 97% and 97%, respectively, while recorded in control only 12%. As for the mean daily germination ( MDG ), the results revealed that, there was a significant differences between all treated seeds and control, which was the fastest and most effective seeds germination on the third day of sowing were 84, 89, 90, 92 % respectively, while in control was 0 %. Mean germination time (MGT) decreased in all treated seed but statistically same while significantly different from the control. The minimum time was recorded for 20 and 30 minutes was 3.14 and 3.14 days respectively. We conclude from the results obtained that, the use of concentrated sulfuric acid 98% achieved the highest GP and MDG and the lowest MGT. This is the efficient method of breaking seeds dormancy and germination for native species of Alhagi graecorum.
{"title":"Methods of breaking seed physical dormancy and germination in native species of Alhagi graecorum Boiss (Al-Agool )","authors":"O. Sharashy","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2318","url":null,"abstract":"Alhagi graecorum is a plant belonging to the Fabaceae family and grows as wild perennial shrubby species. Seeds of this species possess seed physical dormancy and need to be removed to enhance germination, breaking of dormancy treatments were imposed on seeds to improve germination. Treatments include scarification with sulfuric acid ( H2SO4 ) for 10, 20, 30 and40 minutes. The results showed highly significant difference between control and all the treatments of germination percentage ( GP ) was 96%, 96%, 97% and 97%, respectively, while recorded in control only 12%. As for the mean daily germination ( MDG ), the results revealed that, there was a significant differences between all treated seeds and control, which was the fastest and most effective seeds germination on the third day of sowing were 84, 89, 90, 92 % respectively, while in control was 0 %. Mean germination time (MGT) decreased in all treated seed but statistically same while significantly different from the control. The minimum time was recorded for 20 and 30 minutes was 3.14 and 3.14 days respectively. \u0000We conclude from the results obtained that, the use of concentrated sulfuric acid 98% achieved the highest GP and MDG and the lowest MGT. This is the efficient method of breaking seeds dormancy and germination for native species of Alhagi graecorum.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78484637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-28DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2192
Alsanossi M. Aboghrara, M. Shukra
The solar heat collector with the impingement of jet lower plate (SAHJF) experimentally designed and operated with typical parameters obtained from theoretical analysis to contained the maximum efficiency of the performance of thermal transfer. Then it was developed by replacing the flat absorber by the corrugated absorber (SAHJC) to enhance the efficiency. The flow rate of mass was selected equal and more than the typical value and the intensities of the solar radiation were chosen equal and less than the typical value to investigate the effect of both on the thermal transfer efficiency for SAHJF and SAHJC. Since the system works with a short range of temperature, the temperatures recorded were sensitive and needed a large accuracy. Therefore, an analysis method was proposed and applied to the data to be sure that it reflects the variance of temperature with different operating parameters. The correlation of temperature difference between the outlet and the inlet air with different flow rate and different intensities of irradiation for SAHJF and SAHJC was presented and compared.
{"title":"Experimental Efficiency of Single Pass Solar Air Heater","authors":"Alsanossi M. Aboghrara, M. Shukra","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2192","url":null,"abstract":"The solar heat collector with the impingement of jet lower plate (SAHJF) experimentally designed and operated with typical parameters obtained from theoretical analysis to contained the maximum efficiency of the performance of thermal transfer. Then it was developed by replacing the flat absorber by the corrugated absorber (SAHJC) to enhance the efficiency. The flow rate of mass was selected equal and more than the typical value and the intensities of the solar radiation were chosen equal and less than the typical value to investigate the effect of both on the thermal transfer efficiency for SAHJF and SAHJC. Since the system works with a short range of temperature, the temperatures recorded were sensitive and needed a large accuracy. Therefore, an analysis method was proposed and applied to the data to be sure that it reflects the variance of temperature with different operating parameters. The correlation of temperature difference between the outlet and the inlet air with different flow rate and different intensities of irradiation for SAHJF and SAHJC was presented and compared.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89649011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-21DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2448
لبنى سليمان بن طاهر
تعاني مدينة بنغازي شأنها شأن المدن الليبية الاخرى من قلة مصادر المياه المتجددة, على هذا الاساس كان لابد من التفكير بمصادر وتقنيات لتعويض ذلك النقص, كاعتماد أنظمة حصاد مياه الأمطار؛ تهدف هذه الدراسة الى احتساب كميات حصاد مياه الأمطار من أسطح المباني والطرق والساحات لمقر المدينة الجامعية لجامعة بنغازي باستخدام تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية, بمساعدة البرامج Google Earth وArcGIS10.5, ودراسة مدى تغطيتها للاستهلاك البشري للمياه بمقر المدينة الجامعية؛ وفق نتائج الدراسة نجد ان الحد الأقصى السنوي لمجموع تساقط الأمطار الشهري وفق بيانات محطة بنينا للأرصاد للفترة من 1970 الى 2020, بفترة رجوع 25 عام هو mm460 وما يتم تجميعه وحصاده من اسطح المباني والساحات والطرق من مياه الامطار بالسنة هو314789.58m3 , ولتجميع هذه الكميات تم تصميم شبكة من ثلاث خطوط بقطر 200mm وفقا للمواصفات الفنية الليبية، بميول للخطوط من 0.002 الى 0.009, لتلتقي بخزان تجميع دائري بقطرm27 وعمقm3؛ بنهاية هذه الدراسة نوصي ان تتبنى ادارة جامعة بنغازي بصفة خاصة والدولة بصفة عامة نظام حصاد مياه من الاسطح المختلفة وتوفير المتطلبات اللازمة له من نظام النقل والتخزين والتنقية, وتوعيه المواطنين وارشادهم وتشجيعهم لتنفيذ هذه التقنية وايضا شركات الانشاء والتعمير العامة والخاصة, وان تستغل مياه الامطار التي يتم حصادها من الاسطح, في إنشاء الحدائق والبحيرات لإضافة منظر جمالي للمدينة الجامعية, كما ان حصاد مياه الامطار من اسطح مباني الكليات ومرافق الجامعة, يمنع تراكم البرك بها فبتالي يتم حماية العناصر الانشائية من تأثير الرطوبة الضار وحماية المرافق من تسرب مياه الامطار بداخلها.
{"title":"تصميم منظومة حصاد مياه الأمطار بالمدينة الجامعية لجامعة بنغازي، ليبيا.","authors":"لبنى سليمان بن طاهر","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2448","url":null,"abstract":"تعاني مدينة بنغازي شأنها شأن المدن الليبية الاخرى من قلة مصادر المياه المتجددة, على هذا الاساس كان لابد من التفكير بمصادر وتقنيات لتعويض ذلك النقص, كاعتماد أنظمة حصاد مياه الأمطار؛ تهدف هذه الدراسة الى احتساب كميات حصاد مياه الأمطار من أسطح المباني والطرق والساحات لمقر المدينة الجامعية لجامعة بنغازي باستخدام تقنيتي الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية, بمساعدة البرامج Google Earth وArcGIS10.5, ودراسة مدى تغطيتها للاستهلاك البشري للمياه بمقر المدينة الجامعية؛ وفق نتائج الدراسة نجد ان الحد الأقصى السنوي لمجموع تساقط الأمطار الشهري وفق بيانات محطة بنينا للأرصاد للفترة من 1970 الى 2020, بفترة رجوع 25 عام هو mm460 وما يتم تجميعه وحصاده من اسطح المباني والساحات والطرق من مياه الامطار بالسنة هو314789.58m3 , ولتجميع هذه الكميات تم تصميم شبكة من ثلاث خطوط بقطر 200mm وفقا للمواصفات الفنية الليبية، بميول للخطوط من 0.002 الى 0.009, لتلتقي بخزان تجميع دائري بقطرm27 وعمقm3؛ بنهاية هذه الدراسة نوصي ان تتبنى ادارة جامعة بنغازي بصفة خاصة والدولة بصفة عامة نظام حصاد مياه من الاسطح المختلفة وتوفير المتطلبات اللازمة له من نظام النقل والتخزين والتنقية, وتوعيه المواطنين وارشادهم وتشجيعهم لتنفيذ هذه التقنية وايضا شركات الانشاء والتعمير العامة والخاصة, وان تستغل مياه الامطار التي يتم حصادها من الاسطح, في إنشاء الحدائق والبحيرات لإضافة منظر جمالي للمدينة الجامعية, كما ان حصاد مياه الامطار من اسطح مباني الكليات ومرافق الجامعة, يمنع تراكم البرك بها فبتالي يتم حماية العناصر الانشائية من تأثير الرطوبة الضار وحماية المرافق من تسرب مياه الامطار بداخلها.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81688434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.1456
مريم خويطر
In the last few decades’ electrochemical biosensors have witnessed vast developments due to the broad range of different applications, including health care and medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and assessment, food industry, and drug delivery. Integration of nanostructured material with different disciplines and expertise of electrochemistry, solid-state physics, material science, and biology has offered the opportunity of a future generation of highly rapid, sensitive, stable, selective, and novel electrochemical biosensor devices. Among metal oxide nanomaterials, ZnO nanostructures are one of the most important nanomaterials in today’s nanotechnology research. Such nanostructures have been studied intensely not only for their extraordinary structural, optical, and electronic properties but also for their prominent performance in diverse novel applications such as photonics, optics, electronics, drug delivery, cancer treatment, bio-imaging, etc. However, functionality of these nanomaterials is eventually dictated by the capability to govern their properties including shape, size, position, and crystalline structure on the nanosized scale. This review aims to update the outstanding advancement in the developments of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic biosensors using a different structure of ZnO nanomaterials. After a coverage of the basic principles of electrochemical biosensors, we highlight the basic features of ZnO as a potential anticancer agent. focused attention gives to functionalized biosensors based on ZnO nanostructures for detecting biological analytes, such as glucose, cholesterol, L-lactic acid, uric acid, metal ions, and pH.
{"title":"Review: Electrochemical biosensors based on ZnO nanostructures","authors":"مريم خويطر","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.1456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.1456","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades’ electrochemical biosensors have witnessed vast developments due to the broad range of different applications, including health care and medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and assessment, food industry, and drug delivery. Integration of nanostructured material with different disciplines and expertise of electrochemistry, solid-state physics, material science, and biology has offered the opportunity of a future generation of highly rapid, sensitive, stable, selective, and novel electrochemical biosensor devices.\u0000Among metal oxide nanomaterials, ZnO nanostructures are one of the most important nanomaterials in today’s nanotechnology research. Such nanostructures have been studied intensely not only for their extraordinary structural, optical, and electronic properties but also for their prominent performance in diverse novel applications such as photonics, optics, electronics, drug delivery, cancer treatment, bio-imaging, etc. However, functionality of these nanomaterials is eventually dictated by the capability to govern their properties including shape, size, position, and crystalline structure on the nanosized scale.\u0000This review aims to update the outstanding advancement in the developments of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic biosensors using a different structure of ZnO nanomaterials. After a coverage of the basic principles of electrochemical biosensors, we highlight the basic features of ZnO as a potential anticancer agent. focused attention gives to functionalized biosensors based on ZnO nanostructures for detecting biological analytes, such as glucose, cholesterol, L-lactic acid, uric acid, metal ions, and pH.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76744554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2468
أحمد محمد الحضيري, محمد الولي عبدالقادر الشريف
صاحبت النمو الحضري السريع في عدد من الدول النامية بعض المشكلات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والصحية والأمنية التي ما تنفك تتزايد مع ارتفاع معدلات النمو الحضري لا سيما إذا ما تم بعيداً عن الأسس والضوابط والمعايير التخطيطية والمعمارية. وقد ظهرت في العديد من المدن على اختلاف ظروفها مناطق ذات توسع عشوائي بسبب الضغط السكاني المتزايد سواء عن طريق النمو الطبيعي للسكان أم الهجرة إلى المدن بغية تحسين الأوضاع المعيشية والحصول على أفضل الخدمات والمرافق العامة، وقد كان لهذه المناطق آثار سلبية عمرانية وبيئية واجتماعية واقتصادية. هذه الورقة تحاول تسليط الضوء علي اثر التوسع العشوائي والمخالف علي البيئة الحضرية بمدينة سبها حيث يكتسب البحث اهمية كبيرة لكونه يتناول موضوعا يرتبط بالتخطيط العمراني السليم والذي يهدف الي توفير الخدمات الاساسية وتحسين الوضع السكني والبيئي والصحي للسكان بما يساعد اجهزة الدولة ومؤسساتها علي مكافحة العديد من المشكلات المصاحبة لهذه الظاهرة ومعرفة العوامل الكامنة وراءها وسبل معالجتها والحد من تفاقمها ووضع التصورات اللازمة لتفادي ظهور المزيد منها مستقبلا، كما توجت الدراسة في خاتمتها بمجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات لعلها تفيد صناع القرار للإسهام في حل هذه المشكلة.
{"title":"أثر البناء المخالف والتوسع العشوائي على البيئة الحضرية لمدينة سبها","authors":"أحمد محمد الحضيري, محمد الولي عبدالقادر الشريف","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2468","url":null,"abstract":"صاحبت النمو الحضري السريع في عدد من الدول النامية بعض المشكلات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والصحية والأمنية التي ما تنفك تتزايد مع ارتفاع معدلات النمو الحضري لا سيما إذا ما تم بعيداً عن الأسس والضوابط والمعايير التخطيطية والمعمارية. وقد ظهرت في العديد من المدن على اختلاف ظروفها مناطق ذات توسع عشوائي بسبب الضغط السكاني المتزايد سواء عن طريق النمو الطبيعي للسكان أم الهجرة إلى المدن بغية تحسين الأوضاع المعيشية والحصول على أفضل الخدمات والمرافق العامة، وقد كان لهذه المناطق آثار سلبية عمرانية وبيئية واجتماعية واقتصادية. هذه الورقة تحاول تسليط الضوء علي اثر التوسع العشوائي والمخالف علي البيئة الحضرية بمدينة سبها حيث يكتسب البحث اهمية كبيرة لكونه يتناول موضوعا يرتبط بالتخطيط العمراني السليم والذي يهدف الي توفير الخدمات الاساسية وتحسين الوضع السكني والبيئي والصحي للسكان بما يساعد اجهزة الدولة ومؤسساتها علي مكافحة العديد من المشكلات المصاحبة لهذه الظاهرة ومعرفة العوامل الكامنة وراءها وسبل معالجتها والحد من تفاقمها ووضع التصورات اللازمة لتفادي ظهور المزيد منها مستقبلا، كما توجت الدراسة في خاتمتها بمجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات لعلها تفيد صناع القرار للإسهام في حل هذه المشكلة.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90732027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2012
عبدالغني محمد ابوبكر, فاطمة خليفة القديري, نادية سالم الرويق, خليفة المهدي عبدالسلام علي
In the current study, some plants were selected to screen their potential antibacterial activity. For evaluating antibacterial activity, both aqueous and organic solvents) methanol and acetone (were used. The tested plants were Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cotula cinerea, and Francoeuria crispa. Agar well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity against two Gram negative (Brucella spp., Proteus spp.) and three Gram positive (Staphylococcus albus, Streptococcus spp., Bacillus subtilis) bacterial species. All extracts were effective antibacterial agents, being capable of inhibiting the growth of each examined bacteria. Based on the findings of this study, methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts of the leaves of C. schoenanthus, C. cinerea and F. crispa showed various antibacterial efficiency towards various bacterial species. Among plant extracts, the strongest antibacterial activity was shown by acetone extract of F. crispa against Streptococcus spp, with inhibition zone 27±1mm, Bacillus subtilis with inhibition zone of 26.27±4mm, followed by methanol against Streptococcus spp, and Brucella spp. with inhibition zone of 24±1 mm, 22±1mm respectively. Francoeuria crispa extracts exhibited the greatest antibacterial activity towards each of the evaluated bacteria, followed by Cymbopogon schoenanthus and Cotula cinerea. In comparison, methanol and acetone extracts showed pronounced inhibitory activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. These findings demonstrate that certain plants may have antibacterial properties. This study suggests the possibility of applying Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cotula cinerea, and Francoeuria crispa leaves as natural sources of antibacterial and may provide clues to clarify potential candidates for the future development of new chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of some infectious diseases.
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants against Some Bacteria Species and food spoilage bacteria","authors":"عبدالغني محمد ابوبكر, فاطمة خليفة القديري, نادية سالم الرويق, خليفة المهدي عبدالسلام علي","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2012","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, some plants were selected to screen their potential antibacterial activity. For evaluating antibacterial activity, both aqueous and organic solvents) methanol and acetone (were used. The tested plants were Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cotula cinerea, and Francoeuria crispa. Agar well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity against two Gram negative (Brucella spp., Proteus spp.) and three Gram positive (Staphylococcus albus, Streptococcus spp., Bacillus subtilis) bacterial species. All extracts were effective antibacterial agents, being capable of inhibiting the growth of each examined bacteria. Based on the findings of this study, methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts of the leaves of C. schoenanthus, C. cinerea and F. crispa showed various antibacterial efficiency towards various bacterial species. Among plant extracts, the strongest antibacterial activity was shown by acetone extract of F. crispa against Streptococcus spp, with inhibition zone 27±1mm, Bacillus subtilis with inhibition zone of 26.27±4mm, followed by methanol against Streptococcus spp, and Brucella spp. with inhibition zone of 24±1 mm, 22±1mm respectively. Francoeuria crispa extracts exhibited the greatest antibacterial activity towards each of the evaluated bacteria, followed by Cymbopogon schoenanthus and Cotula cinerea. In comparison, methanol and acetone extracts showed pronounced inhibitory activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. These findings demonstrate that certain plants may have antibacterial properties. This study suggests the possibility of applying Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cotula cinerea, and Francoeuria crispa leaves as natural sources of antibacterial and may provide clues to clarify potential candidates for the future development of new chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of some infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"95 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77705000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2382
احميده الغراري الزقطاط, هاجر عمر التومي
تعتبر عمليات تصنيع وتعليب المنتجات السمكية مثل التونة، السردين والماكريل من الصناعات الغذائية الهامة، حيث تستهلك بكميات كبيرة محلياً وعالمياً، وذلك بسبب مكوناتها الغذائية الجيدة إضافة الى سهولة تجهيزها وتحضيرها، إلا أنها قد تتسبب أحياناً في حدوث بعض حالات التسمم للمستهلك مثل حالات التسمم بالهستامين، وهو أحد أهم المخاطر والتحديات التي تواجه مصنعي المنتجات السمكية المعلبة والطازجة. تهدف هذه الدراسة في الجزء الأول الى تحديد مدى تأثير خطوات حفظ الأسماك على تركيز الهستامين في المنتجات السمكية بعينات من السردين والماكريل الطازج بأحد المصانع المحلية ومدى مطابقتها للمواصفات القياسية الليبية والعالمية. كما تضمن الجزء الثاني سحب عينات عشوائية من الأسماك الطازجة تونة، سردين وماكريل من سوق السمك بمدينة طرابلس خلال ثلاث فترات: الصباحية، الظهيرة والمسائية بغرض دراسة علاقة تأثير الفترة الزمنية لعرض الأسماك بالسوق وتركيز الهستامين. تم تقدير تركيز الهستامين في العينات بإستخدام تقنية .ELISA كان متوسط تركيز الهستامين في عينات السردين الطازج خلال مراحل التصنيع وهي مرحلة الإستلام، بعد الغسل، نزع الأحشاء والتنظيف والتجميد السريع عند درجة حرارة 40 تحت الصفر المئوي3.39 ،5.53 ، 8.56، 10.19، 12.11 مغ/100غ على التوالي. أما عينات الماكريل فكانت نتائج تركيز الهستامين< 0.02، 0.34، 0.14، 0.63، 3.05 مغ/100غ خلال تلك المراحل على التوالي. اتضح وجود فروق معنوية عند مستوى معنوية 5% بين مرحلتي الإستلام والمنتج النهائي. أما فيما يخص نتائج عينات الأسماك الطازجة من سوق السمك وهي تونة، سردين وماكريل خلال الفترات الثلاثة فتبين ارتفاع تركيز الهستامين وخاصة في الفترة المسائية ووجود فروق معنوية بينها، مما يدل على إن لعمليات تجهيز الأسماك وزيادة فترة العرض دور في زيادة تركيز الهستامين وعليه من الضروري جداً الاهتمام بعمليات النظافة وتقليل فترات العرض والتجهيز وإستخدام نظم إدارة سلامة الأغذية في المصانع وأسواق بيع الأسماك.
{"title":"تأثير عمليات العرض، التسويق والتصنيع على تركيز الهستامين في بعض انواع الأسماك","authors":"احميده الغراري الزقطاط, هاجر عمر التومي","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2382","url":null,"abstract":"تعتبر عمليات تصنيع وتعليب المنتجات السمكية مثل التونة، السردين والماكريل من الصناعات الغذائية الهامة، حيث تستهلك بكميات كبيرة محلياً وعالمياً، وذلك بسبب مكوناتها الغذائية الجيدة إضافة الى سهولة تجهيزها وتحضيرها، إلا أنها قد تتسبب أحياناً في حدوث بعض حالات التسمم للمستهلك مثل حالات التسمم بالهستامين، وهو أحد أهم المخاطر والتحديات التي تواجه مصنعي المنتجات السمكية المعلبة والطازجة. تهدف هذه الدراسة في الجزء الأول الى تحديد مدى تأثير خطوات حفظ الأسماك على تركيز الهستامين في المنتجات السمكية بعينات من السردين والماكريل الطازج بأحد المصانع المحلية ومدى مطابقتها للمواصفات القياسية الليبية والعالمية. كما تضمن الجزء الثاني سحب عينات عشوائية من الأسماك الطازجة تونة، سردين وماكريل من سوق السمك بمدينة طرابلس خلال ثلاث فترات: الصباحية، الظهيرة والمسائية بغرض دراسة علاقة تأثير الفترة الزمنية لعرض الأسماك بالسوق وتركيز الهستامين. تم تقدير تركيز الهستامين في العينات بإستخدام تقنية .ELISA كان متوسط تركيز الهستامين في عينات السردين الطازج خلال مراحل التصنيع وهي مرحلة الإستلام، بعد الغسل، نزع الأحشاء والتنظيف والتجميد السريع عند درجة حرارة 40 تحت الصفر المئوي3.39 ،5.53 ، 8.56، 10.19، 12.11 مغ/100غ على التوالي. أما عينات الماكريل فكانت نتائج تركيز الهستامين< 0.02، 0.34، 0.14، 0.63، 3.05 مغ/100غ خلال تلك المراحل على التوالي. اتضح وجود فروق معنوية عند مستوى معنوية 5% بين مرحلتي الإستلام والمنتج النهائي. أما فيما يخص نتائج عينات الأسماك الطازجة من سوق السمك وهي تونة، سردين وماكريل خلال الفترات الثلاثة فتبين ارتفاع تركيز الهستامين وخاصة في الفترة المسائية ووجود فروق معنوية بينها، مما يدل على إن لعمليات تجهيز الأسماك وزيادة فترة العرض دور في زيادة تركيز الهستامين وعليه من الضروري جداً الاهتمام بعمليات النظافة وتقليل فترات العرض والتجهيز وإستخدام نظم إدارة سلامة الأغذية في المصانع وأسواق بيع الأسماك.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"346 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77150046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myrosinases have significant scientific and medical implications. Unfortunately, detection and purification of myrosinase from microbes requires the use of highly cost substrates (glucosinolates) such as sinigrin and expensive instruments such as Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography and or ion exchange chromatography. In this work, we used only 20 mL of bacterial culture supplemented with sinigrin (10 mM) to obtain partially purified myrosinase. The crude protein extract was loaded onto native polyacrylamide gel and putative myrosinase band was identified and eluted. This step successfully minimised the numbers of protein bands of bacterial crude extracts to be further analysed. The current method describes a simple, rapid and cost effective protocol for isolation and detection of active bacterial myrosinases. Furthermore, our method can be used as a purification step.
{"title":"A simple & Rapid Method For Detecting Bacterial Myrosinase Corresponding Protein Band","authors":"Abdulhadi Albaser, فيجترا لونغ ان, نمرة نسار, نورالهدى عبدالقادر, جون روسيتر","doi":"10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i1.2210","url":null,"abstract":"Myrosinases have significant scientific and medical implications. Unfortunately, detection and purification of myrosinase from microbes requires the use of highly cost substrates (glucosinolates) such as sinigrin and expensive instruments such as Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography and or ion exchange chromatography. In this work, we used only 20 mL of bacterial culture supplemented with sinigrin (10 mM) to obtain partially purified myrosinase. The crude protein extract was loaded onto native polyacrylamide gel and putative myrosinase band was identified and eluted. This step successfully minimised the numbers of protein bands of bacterial crude extracts to be further analysed. The current method describes a simple, rapid and cost effective protocol for isolation and detection of active bacterial myrosinases. Furthermore, our method can be used as a purification step.","PeriodicalId":16911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84777218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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