Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) demonstrate good adaptability for harnessing wind energy on the building rooftops. However, knowledge gaps still exist in the understanding of the wind resources on the rooftop, the operation of VAWTs, and its effect on the wind field. To add new knowledge on this subject, the operation of wind turbines modeled by the NACA0018 airfoil on the rooftop of a building is experimentally studied via wind tunnel. The results indicate that flow above the rooftop of building shows an obvious speed reduction due to the blunt body effect of the turbines, and the turbulence intensities are dramatically enhanced. The different tip-speed ratios, wind directions, and installation locations of wind turbine have significant effect on flow field on the roof. Due to the flow characteristics above the rooftop, the power spectral density of the fluctuating wind speed exhibits high energy below the top position of the VAWT on the rooftop. Additionally, the wind profiles and probability distribution of the wake of VAWTs on the rooftop are analyzed and mathematically fitted for quantifying wind field characteristics rooftop turbines on the roof. For the VAWTs investigated in this study, the impacts of the operation of VAWTs on the wind field are non-negligible on the roof of building. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights for the optimal placement of VAWTs and utilization of wind energy on the rooftops.
{"title":"Experimental study on rooftop flow field of building based on the operation of vertical-axis wind turbines","authors":"Jiafeng Hu, Xiangjun Wang, Hua Yang, Bin Huang","doi":"10.1063/5.0205549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0205549","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) demonstrate good adaptability for harnessing wind energy on the building rooftops. However, knowledge gaps still exist in the understanding of the wind resources on the rooftop, the operation of VAWTs, and its effect on the wind field. To add new knowledge on this subject, the operation of wind turbines modeled by the NACA0018 airfoil on the rooftop of a building is experimentally studied via wind tunnel. The results indicate that flow above the rooftop of building shows an obvious speed reduction due to the blunt body effect of the turbines, and the turbulence intensities are dramatically enhanced. The different tip-speed ratios, wind directions, and installation locations of wind turbine have significant effect on flow field on the roof. Due to the flow characteristics above the rooftop, the power spectral density of the fluctuating wind speed exhibits high energy below the top position of the VAWT on the rooftop. Additionally, the wind profiles and probability distribution of the wake of VAWTs on the rooftop are analyzed and mathematically fitted for quantifying wind field characteristics rooftop turbines on the roof. For the VAWTs investigated in this study, the impacts of the operation of VAWTs on the wind field are non-negligible on the roof of building. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights for the optimal placement of VAWTs and utilization of wind energy on the rooftops.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141135327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wind energy is one of the most eminent renewable sources for the generation of power. The increasing enthusiasm toward the advancement of small-scale Darrieus type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (SB-VAWTs) can offer a potential remedy for addressing power shortage and the unpredictability of climate conditions. These particular wind turbines provide distinct advantages over their counterparts due to their linear blade design and uncomplicated structure. However, enhancements are required in their aerodynamic efficiency and self-initiation capabilities. These challenges stem from using traditional straight blade configurations and symmetrical airfoils. By substituting these conventional elements with J-shaped straight blades and along with cambered airfoils, these issues can be effectively overcome. The current study aims to investigate the effect of J-shaped straight blades with a series of cambered airfoils to improve the aerodynamic performance and starting torque of small-scale Darrieus type SB-VAWTs. Therefore, experimental and numerical studies are conducted to analyze the J-shaped airfoil impact with various opening ratios systematically. The J-shaped blade profile is designed by eliminating some portion toward the trailing edge of a conventional airfoil. This analysis demonstrated that the J-shaped blade incorporating a cambered NACA 4418 airfoil outperforms its alternative cambered airfoil designs. The performance of SB-VAWT improves by about 25% by the J-shape of the cambered NACA 4418 airfoil with a 70% opening ratio. Moreover, the use of J-shaped airfoils enhances the self-starting torque of SB-VAWT compared to conventional airfoils.
{"title":"Aerodynamic performance and starting torque enhancement of small-scale Darrieus type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines with J-shaped airfoil","authors":"Kabita Naik, Niranjan Sahoo","doi":"10.1063/5.0203557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0203557","url":null,"abstract":"Wind energy is one of the most eminent renewable sources for the generation of power. The increasing enthusiasm toward the advancement of small-scale Darrieus type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (SB-VAWTs) can offer a potential remedy for addressing power shortage and the unpredictability of climate conditions. These particular wind turbines provide distinct advantages over their counterparts due to their linear blade design and uncomplicated structure. However, enhancements are required in their aerodynamic efficiency and self-initiation capabilities. These challenges stem from using traditional straight blade configurations and symmetrical airfoils. By substituting these conventional elements with J-shaped straight blades and along with cambered airfoils, these issues can be effectively overcome. The current study aims to investigate the effect of J-shaped straight blades with a series of cambered airfoils to improve the aerodynamic performance and starting torque of small-scale Darrieus type SB-VAWTs. Therefore, experimental and numerical studies are conducted to analyze the J-shaped airfoil impact with various opening ratios systematically. The J-shaped blade profile is designed by eliminating some portion toward the trailing edge of a conventional airfoil. This analysis demonstrated that the J-shaped blade incorporating a cambered NACA 4418 airfoil outperforms its alternative cambered airfoil designs. The performance of SB-VAWT improves by about 25% by the J-shape of the cambered NACA 4418 airfoil with a 70% opening ratio. Moreover, the use of J-shaped airfoils enhances the self-starting torque of SB-VAWT compared to conventional airfoils.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study redefines resource efficiency in the renewable energy sector by repurposing construction waste into high-performance thixotropic soils for additive manufacturing. Our comprehensive analysis reveals that these engineered soils achieve compressive strengths up to 30 MPa—indicating a 50% increase over traditional substrates—and flexural strengths reaching 5 MPa. Rigorous life cycle assessments quantify a reduction in carbon emissions by 20% and a resource efficiency enhancement to 85%, surpassing conventional materials which average 500 kg CO2 eq/ton in carbon footprint and 60% in resource efficiency. Fine-tuned 3D printing parameters deliver unparalleled precision, achieving layer accuracy to ±0.1 mm and reducing material wastage by 30%, while accelerating construction timelines by 40%. Additionally, the materials exhibit thermal stability with only a 0.1% variation under elevated temperatures and a durability that sustains less than 0.5 MPa degradation over a 10-month period. These quantitatively robust results support the thixotropic soils' adoption, not just as a sustainable choice but as a superior alternative to conventional building materials, setting a new paradigm in the construction of environmentally resilient and economically viable renewable energy infrastructures.
{"title":"From wreckage to resource: Advanced 3D printing materials from construction waste for energy infrastructure","authors":"Zhiqiang Lai, Yuancai Chen","doi":"10.1063/5.0201775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0201775","url":null,"abstract":"This study redefines resource efficiency in the renewable energy sector by repurposing construction waste into high-performance thixotropic soils for additive manufacturing. Our comprehensive analysis reveals that these engineered soils achieve compressive strengths up to 30 MPa—indicating a 50% increase over traditional substrates—and flexural strengths reaching 5 MPa. Rigorous life cycle assessments quantify a reduction in carbon emissions by 20% and a resource efficiency enhancement to 85%, surpassing conventional materials which average 500 kg CO2 eq/ton in carbon footprint and 60% in resource efficiency. Fine-tuned 3D printing parameters deliver unparalleled precision, achieving layer accuracy to ±0.1 mm and reducing material wastage by 30%, while accelerating construction timelines by 40%. Additionally, the materials exhibit thermal stability with only a 0.1% variation under elevated temperatures and a durability that sustains less than 0.5 MPa degradation over a 10-month period. These quantitatively robust results support the thixotropic soils' adoption, not just as a sustainable choice but as a superior alternative to conventional building materials, setting a new paradigm in the construction of environmentally resilient and economically viable renewable energy infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141053194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Promoting the widespread access and integration of new energy generation into existing power markets is a key strategy for China to achieve peak carbon and carbon neutrality. A joint regulatory mechanism composed of government regulators, power generation enterprises, and third-party testing organizations has become an effective way to ensure the stable operation of the power market and safeguard the economic interest of all parties. In order to analyze the key factors affecting the mechanism and improve the regulatory efficiency, this paper constructs a three-party evolutionary game model, explores the motivations of the participants under different strategy choices, and establishes a set of indicator systems for evaluating producers. The evolutionary game model is numerically simulated using the unified dynamics method, and the evolutionary stable strategy analysis is used to reveal how the key parameters affect the outcome of the game and its dynamic process, so as to find out the potential driving factors affecting the strategy choices. The results of the study show that in the early stage of market development, it is crucial to improve the profitability of firms, and the government needs to impose strict penalties and high incentives. As the market gradually matures and becomes more transparent, the government can gradually reduce the level of penalties. At the same time, ensuring accountability mechanisms from higher authorities to the government is key to ensure the effectiveness of regulation. This study provides an important theoretical basis and policy recommendations for constructing a new regulatory structure for the electricity market.
{"title":"Evolutionary game and simulation analysis of three parties of electricity market regulation under government participation mechanism","authors":"Menglin Hou, Zhumei Luo, Shan Qing, Xiaoxu Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0192019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0192019","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting the widespread access and integration of new energy generation into existing power markets is a key strategy for China to achieve peak carbon and carbon neutrality. A joint regulatory mechanism composed of government regulators, power generation enterprises, and third-party testing organizations has become an effective way to ensure the stable operation of the power market and safeguard the economic interest of all parties. In order to analyze the key factors affecting the mechanism and improve the regulatory efficiency, this paper constructs a three-party evolutionary game model, explores the motivations of the participants under different strategy choices, and establishes a set of indicator systems for evaluating producers. The evolutionary game model is numerically simulated using the unified dynamics method, and the evolutionary stable strategy analysis is used to reveal how the key parameters affect the outcome of the game and its dynamic process, so as to find out the potential driving factors affecting the strategy choices. The results of the study show that in the early stage of market development, it is crucial to improve the profitability of firms, and the government needs to impose strict penalties and high incentives. As the market gradually matures and becomes more transparent, the government can gradually reduce the level of penalties. At the same time, ensuring accountability mechanisms from higher authorities to the government is key to ensure the effectiveness of regulation. This study provides an important theoretical basis and policy recommendations for constructing a new regulatory structure for the electricity market.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Li, Yue Hu, Baohua Yang, Zeren Fang, Yunyan Liang, Shuai He
Currently, data-driven deep learning models are widely applied in the field of wind power prediction. However, when historical data are insufficient, deep learning models struggle to exhibit satisfactory predictive performance. In order to overcome the issue of limited training data for new wind farms, this study proposes a novel transfer learning strategy to address the challenge of less-sample learning in short-term wind power prediction. The research is conducted in two stages. In the pre-training stage, the TimesNet-GRU prediction model is established using data from a source wind farm. Parallel TimesNet modules are employed to extract multi-period features from various input feature sequences, followed by the extraction of long- and short-term features from the time series through gate recurrent unit (GRU). In the transfer learning stage, an effective transfer strategy is designed to freeze and retrain certain parameters of the TimesNet-GRU, thereby constructing a prediction model for the target wind farm. To validate the effectiveness of this approach, the results from testing with actual data from five wind farms in northwest China demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits significant advantages over models without transfer learning as explored in this study.
{"title":"A novel transfer learning strategy for wind power prediction based on TimesNet-GRU architecture","authors":"Dan Li, Yue Hu, Baohua Yang, Zeren Fang, Yunyan Liang, Shuai He","doi":"10.1063/5.0200518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0200518","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, data-driven deep learning models are widely applied in the field of wind power prediction. However, when historical data are insufficient, deep learning models struggle to exhibit satisfactory predictive performance. In order to overcome the issue of limited training data for new wind farms, this study proposes a novel transfer learning strategy to address the challenge of less-sample learning in short-term wind power prediction. The research is conducted in two stages. In the pre-training stage, the TimesNet-GRU prediction model is established using data from a source wind farm. Parallel TimesNet modules are employed to extract multi-period features from various input feature sequences, followed by the extraction of long- and short-term features from the time series through gate recurrent unit (GRU). In the transfer learning stage, an effective transfer strategy is designed to freeze and retrain certain parameters of the TimesNet-GRU, thereby constructing a prediction model for the target wind farm. To validate the effectiveness of this approach, the results from testing with actual data from five wind farms in northwest China demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits significant advantages over models without transfer learning as explored in this study.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141041248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingyuan Chen, Le Qi, Peizheng Xuan, Yanjie Liang, Youhui Yang, Qi Zou, Lanfen Cheng, Chaoyi Peng, Huayuan Li
In the context of power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy, energy storage plays a significant role in facilitating the consumption of renewable energy and ensuring the operational safety of power systems. However, the current power spot market's predominant power bidding model does not fully consider the physical and cost-operational characteristics of energy storage, which is not conducive to further incentivizing investment and construction of energy storage, and may indirectly affect the flexibility of energy storage in peak shaving and valley filling. This paper summarizes the key issues that need to be addressed for energy storage to participate in the spot market from two aspects: the power bidding model does not meet the requirements of the physical and cost-operational characteristics of energy storage, and the real-time market under this model cannot achieve optimal allocation of energy storage. Considering the energy constraints and cost characteristics of energy storage, a charge and discharge bidding model is proposed, which is based on the stored energy value of energy storage and is in line with the physical and cost-operational characteristics and real-time optimization needs of energy storage. Subsequently, a market clearing model for energy storage participation in the spot market under the state of energy bidding method is constructed, and based on the IEEE 39-bus test case, a comparative analysis of the nodal electricity prices, energy storage revenue, and total system costs under the proposed market participation model and the traditional power bidding model is conducted. Simulation results show that the proposed energy storage participation model in the spot market can better utilize the value of energy storage in peak shaving and valley filling compared to the conventional power bidding model, reducing the extreme electricity prices by up to 10%, increasing single cycle revenue of energy storage by 46%, and reducing the total operating costs of the system in scenarios with significant deviations in system load in the day-ahead and real-time markets.
{"title":"Research on the participation model of energy storage in electricity spot markets considering energy constraints and cost characteristics","authors":"Mingyuan Chen, Le Qi, Peizheng Xuan, Yanjie Liang, Youhui Yang, Qi Zou, Lanfen Cheng, Chaoyi Peng, Huayuan Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0194872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0194872","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy, energy storage plays a significant role in facilitating the consumption of renewable energy and ensuring the operational safety of power systems. However, the current power spot market's predominant power bidding model does not fully consider the physical and cost-operational characteristics of energy storage, which is not conducive to further incentivizing investment and construction of energy storage, and may indirectly affect the flexibility of energy storage in peak shaving and valley filling. This paper summarizes the key issues that need to be addressed for energy storage to participate in the spot market from two aspects: the power bidding model does not meet the requirements of the physical and cost-operational characteristics of energy storage, and the real-time market under this model cannot achieve optimal allocation of energy storage. Considering the energy constraints and cost characteristics of energy storage, a charge and discharge bidding model is proposed, which is based on the stored energy value of energy storage and is in line with the physical and cost-operational characteristics and real-time optimization needs of energy storage. Subsequently, a market clearing model for energy storage participation in the spot market under the state of energy bidding method is constructed, and based on the IEEE 39-bus test case, a comparative analysis of the nodal electricity prices, energy storage revenue, and total system costs under the proposed market participation model and the traditional power bidding model is conducted. Simulation results show that the proposed energy storage participation model in the spot market can better utilize the value of energy storage in peak shaving and valley filling compared to the conventional power bidding model, reducing the extreme electricity prices by up to 10%, increasing single cycle revenue of energy storage by 46%, and reducing the total operating costs of the system in scenarios with significant deviations in system load in the day-ahead and real-time markets.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141032819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Mouchref, B. Viggiano, O. Ferčák, J. Bossuyt, N. Ali, C. Meneveau, D. Gayme, R. B. Cal
There has been an increase in recognition of the important role that the boundary layer turbulent flow structure has on wake recovery and concomitant wind farm efficiency. Most research thus far has focused on onshore wind farms, in which the ground surface is static. With the expected growth of offshore wind farms, there is increased interest in turbulent flow structures above wavy, moving surfaces and their effects on offshore wind farms. In this study, experiments are performed to analyze the turbulent structure above the waves in the wake of a fixed-bottom model wind farm, with special emphasis on the conditional averaged Reynolds stresses, using a quadrant analysis. Phase-averaged profiles show a correlation between the Reynolds shear stresses and the curvature of the waves. Using a quadrant analysis, Reynolds stress dependence on the wave phase is observed in the phase-dependent vertical position of the turbulence events. This trend is primarily seen in quadrants 1 and 3 (correlated outward and inward interactions). Quantification of the correlation between the Reynolds shear stress events and the surface waves provides insight into the turbulent flow mechanisms that influence wake recovery throughout the wake region and should be taken into consideration in wind turbine operation and placement.
{"title":"Wave-phase dependence of Reynolds shear stress in the wake of fixed-bottom offshore wind turbine via quadrant analysis","authors":"C. Mouchref, B. Viggiano, O. Ferčák, J. Bossuyt, N. Ali, C. Meneveau, D. Gayme, R. B. Cal","doi":"10.1063/5.0191264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0191264","url":null,"abstract":"There has been an increase in recognition of the important role that the boundary layer turbulent flow structure has on wake recovery and concomitant wind farm efficiency. Most research thus far has focused on onshore wind farms, in which the ground surface is static. With the expected growth of offshore wind farms, there is increased interest in turbulent flow structures above wavy, moving surfaces and their effects on offshore wind farms. In this study, experiments are performed to analyze the turbulent structure above the waves in the wake of a fixed-bottom model wind farm, with special emphasis on the conditional averaged Reynolds stresses, using a quadrant analysis. Phase-averaged profiles show a correlation between the Reynolds shear stresses and the curvature of the waves. Using a quadrant analysis, Reynolds stress dependence on the wave phase is observed in the phase-dependent vertical position of the turbulence events. This trend is primarily seen in quadrants 1 and 3 (correlated outward and inward interactions). Quantification of the correlation between the Reynolds shear stress events and the surface waves provides insight into the turbulent flow mechanisms that influence wake recovery throughout the wake region and should be taken into consideration in wind turbine operation and placement.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141032490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The design of a light source for a molten salt receiver experimental system has become challenging owing to the complex heating characteristics of the half-circumference surface during operation. Electromagnetic induction heating is an innovative technology that can replicate a half-circle heating scenario. However, its feasibility must be verified. In this study, we constructed a single receiver tube experimental system using induction heaters and developed a 3D numerical model coupling electromagnetic field to analyze the tube temperature distribution and molten salt temperature rise during preheating and salt circulation, considering various parameters. The results indicated that the numerical simulation agreed well with the experimental results, and the induction heater successfully reproduced the half circumference heating scenario. During preheating, a lower heat flux and higher wind speed result in a more uniform temperature distribution along the circumference of the tube wall, facilitating comprehensive preheating. During salt circulation, the heat flux and inlet salt mass flow significantly affected the temperature of the tube wall but had a relatively small effect on the back-side wall. Wind speed had the opposite effect, which was related to the arrangement of the experimental site. A higher heat flux, lower wind speed, and higher inlet salt mass flow led to a higher temperature increase in the molten salt.
{"title":"Experimental study on preheating and salt circulation performance of a single receiver tube based on induction heating","authors":"Hao Zhou, Ao Zhang, Yuhang Zuo, Yifan Zhu, Xue Xue, Mingrui Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0205772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0205772","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a light source for a molten salt receiver experimental system has become challenging owing to the complex heating characteristics of the half-circumference surface during operation. Electromagnetic induction heating is an innovative technology that can replicate a half-circle heating scenario. However, its feasibility must be verified. In this study, we constructed a single receiver tube experimental system using induction heaters and developed a 3D numerical model coupling electromagnetic field to analyze the tube temperature distribution and molten salt temperature rise during preheating and salt circulation, considering various parameters. The results indicated that the numerical simulation agreed well with the experimental results, and the induction heater successfully reproduced the half circumference heating scenario. During preheating, a lower heat flux and higher wind speed result in a more uniform temperature distribution along the circumference of the tube wall, facilitating comprehensive preheating. During salt circulation, the heat flux and inlet salt mass flow significantly affected the temperature of the tube wall but had a relatively small effect on the back-side wall. Wind speed had the opposite effect, which was related to the arrangement of the experimental site. A higher heat flux, lower wind speed, and higher inlet salt mass flow led to a higher temperature increase in the molten salt.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of mineral resources cannot be ignored in the country's economic and social development and is of vital significance in securing China's continued economic and social prosperity. Against the backdrop of the country's active promotion of the clean energy industry, the booming development of the photovoltaic industry has triggered a growing demand for its key raw materials, especially important metallic minerals. Based on the system dynamics theory, the article uses Vensim to construct a photovoltaic cell-key metal mineral simulation model to analyze the development of China's photovoltaic industry in depth and focuses on its far-reaching impact on the supply and demand relationship of key minerals. The results of the study show that (1) China's photovoltaic cells show strong growth; (2) recycling and technology substitution can significantly reduce the risk of copper and aluminum supply and demand imbalance; and (3) technology substitution is more effective than recycling in reducing the supply and demand imbalance of copper and aluminum. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the article puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.
{"title":"Influence of the development of solar photovoltaic industry on the relationship between supply and demand of key minerals in China","authors":"Qing Guo, Kaiyi Wu","doi":"10.1063/5.0202427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0202427","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of mineral resources cannot be ignored in the country's economic and social development and is of vital significance in securing China's continued economic and social prosperity. Against the backdrop of the country's active promotion of the clean energy industry, the booming development of the photovoltaic industry has triggered a growing demand for its key raw materials, especially important metallic minerals. Based on the system dynamics theory, the article uses Vensim to construct a photovoltaic cell-key metal mineral simulation model to analyze the development of China's photovoltaic industry in depth and focuses on its far-reaching impact on the supply and demand relationship of key minerals. The results of the study show that (1) China's photovoltaic cells show strong growth; (2) recycling and technology substitution can significantly reduce the risk of copper and aluminum supply and demand imbalance; and (3) technology substitution is more effective than recycling in reducing the supply and demand imbalance of copper and aluminum. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the article puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excessive emission of carbon dioxide is the leading cause of global warming. Hydrogen has the advantages of high calorific value and zero carbon emissions. It is considered an ideal energy to solve the problem of global warming, so the demand for hydrogen is increasing yearly. Due to economic considerations, methane is the main raw material for hydrogen production. Currently, 48% of the world's hydrogen comes from steam methane reforming. However, this process needs to burn some methane for heating, generating carbon dioxide emissions simultaneously. In order to avoid carbon emissions from hydrogen production, there is an urgent need to develop new methods to produce hydrogen from methane. Because the carbon generated from direct methane cracking exists in solid form while not as carbon dioxide, the direct methane cracking process for hydrogen production has become a hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the research related to catalytic methane cracking for hydrogen production is presented, especially the research on catalytic cracking of methane using solid materials or molten metal media as catalytic media is summarized in detail. Next, a brief overview of the mechanism of catalytic methane cracking for hydrogen production and the characteristics of the generated carbon as a by-product are presented. Finally, the catalytic cracking of methane in molten media or solid materials and the research trend were prospected.
{"title":"Methane catalytic cracking by solid materials and molten media for hydrogen production: A review","authors":"Lei Guo, Jinchi Tan, Junyue Ren, Zhancheng Guo","doi":"10.1063/5.0188819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0188819","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive emission of carbon dioxide is the leading cause of global warming. Hydrogen has the advantages of high calorific value and zero carbon emissions. It is considered an ideal energy to solve the problem of global warming, so the demand for hydrogen is increasing yearly. Due to economic considerations, methane is the main raw material for hydrogen production. Currently, 48% of the world's hydrogen comes from steam methane reforming. However, this process needs to burn some methane for heating, generating carbon dioxide emissions simultaneously. In order to avoid carbon emissions from hydrogen production, there is an urgent need to develop new methods to produce hydrogen from methane. Because the carbon generated from direct methane cracking exists in solid form while not as carbon dioxide, the direct methane cracking process for hydrogen production has become a hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the research related to catalytic methane cracking for hydrogen production is presented, especially the research on catalytic cracking of methane using solid materials or molten metal media as catalytic media is summarized in detail. Next, a brief overview of the mechanism of catalytic methane cracking for hydrogen production and the characteristics of the generated carbon as a by-product are presented. Finally, the catalytic cracking of methane in molten media or solid materials and the research trend were prospected.","PeriodicalId":16953,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140084201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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