J. Sukham, O. Takayama, A. Bogdanov, M. Mahmoodi, A. Lavrinenko, R. Malureanu
{"title":"Investigation of effective medium applicability for HMMs with period 30 times smaller than the wavelength of light (Conference Presentation)","authors":"J. Sukham, O. Takayama, A. Bogdanov, M. Mahmoodi, A. Lavrinenko, R. Malureanu","doi":"10.1117/12.2319955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2319955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127613185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kildishev, Z. Kudyshev, L. Prokopeva, Derek Olson, W. Henshaw, S. Campbell, D. Werner
{"title":"Multiscale design of optical metafilms with bianisotropic homogenization (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. Kildishev, Z. Kudyshev, L. Prokopeva, Derek Olson, W. Henshaw, S. Campbell, D. Werner","doi":"10.1117/12.2320065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2320065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121416042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metasurface nonlinear optics beyond the standard laws of reflection (Conference Presentation)","authors":"O. Martin","doi":"10.1117/12.2321173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2321173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121520168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces have recently become a new trend in nanophotonics thanks to their low-loss resonant behaviour based on both electric and magnetic resonant modes [1]. Most of the recent developments in this field are related to silicon nanostructures, which demonstrate excellent resonances in the visible and near-IR parts of the spectrum. Other material platforms such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), gallium nitride (GaN), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium phosphide (GaP) have also been explored to generate low-loss resonances at visible frequencies and explore linear and nonlinear optical effects. Though some of these materials (e.g. GaAs, GaN and GaP) are well-known active semiconductors famous for their emission properties, so far, only passive nanoantenna-based device functionalities have been realized. In this presentation, I will first review the recent progress of our team in the field of dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces demonstrating some unique passive device functionalities related to high-angle light bending and focusing. Then I will discuss active light-emitting devices based on the nanoantenna concepts. In particular, I will demonstrate the first optically-pumped laser based on semiconductor nanoantenna structures. Finally I will present active tuning of nanoantenna characteristics using external electrical signals. References: 1) A. I. Kuznetsov et al., “Optically resonant dielectric nanostructures”, Science 354, aag2472 (2016).
介质纳米天线和超表面由于其基于电谐振和磁谐振模式的低损耗谐振特性而成为纳米光子学研究的新趋势[1]。该领域的最新进展主要与硅纳米结构有关，硅纳米结构在光谱的可见和近红外部分表现出优异的共振。其他材料平台，如二氧化钛(TiO2)，氮化镓(GaN)，砷化镓(GaAs)和磷化镓(GaP)也被探索在可见光频率下产生低损耗共振，并探索线性和非线性光学效应。虽然其中一些材料(例如GaAs, GaN和GaP)是众所周知的以其发射特性而闻名的有源半导体，但到目前为止，仅实现了基于无源纳米天线的器件功能。在这次演讲中，我将首先回顾我们团队在介质纳米天线和超表面领域的最新进展，展示一些与高角度光弯曲和聚焦相关的独特无源器件功能。然后我将讨论基于纳米天线概念的有源发光器件。特别地，我将展示第一个基于半导体纳米天线结构的光泵浦激光器。参考文献:A. I. Kuznetsov et al.，“光学谐振介质纳米结构”，Science 354, aag2472(2016)。
{"title":"Dielectric nanoantennas: from passive to active functionalities (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.1117/12.2318532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2318532","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces have recently become a new trend in nanophotonics thanks to their low-loss resonant behaviour based on both electric and magnetic resonant modes [1]. Most of the recent developments in this field are related to silicon nanostructures, which demonstrate excellent resonances in the visible and near-IR parts of the spectrum. Other material platforms such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), gallium nitride (GaN), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium phosphide (GaP) have also been explored to generate low-loss resonances at visible frequencies and explore linear and nonlinear optical effects. Though some of these materials (e.g. GaAs, GaN and GaP) are well-known active semiconductors famous for their emission properties, so far, only passive nanoantenna-based device functionalities have been realized. In this presentation, I will first review the recent progress of our team in the field of dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces demonstrating some unique passive device functionalities related to high-angle light bending and focusing. Then I will discuss active light-emitting devices based on the nanoantenna concepts. In particular, I will demonstrate the first optically-pumped laser based on semiconductor nanoantenna structures. Finally I will present active tuning of nanoantenna characteristics using external electrical signals.\u0000\u0000References:\u00001) A. I. Kuznetsov et al., “Optically resonant dielectric nanostructures”, Science 354, aag2472 (2016).","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116874066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryan T. Spann, J. Nolen, M. Brubaker, T. Folland, C. T. Ellis, J. Tischler, T. Harvey, J. Caldwell, K. Bertness
Localized surface phonon-polariton (SPhP) resonances in polar semiconductor nanostructures can provide highly sub-diffractional electromagnetic fields. Furthermore, SPhP resonances offer enhanced resonant quality factors when compared to plasmon-polariton based systems. The various material platforms and nanostructure geometries achievable in polar semiconductors suggest they would be ideal platforms for tunable, long-wavelength photonics applications. Moreover, the constituent atomic basis defines the operating frequency regime for SPhP resonances; tunable from the mid-infrared to THz. Here, we investigate Raman active aspects of SPhP modes in GaN nanowire arrays that are grown via selective area molecular beam epitaxy. We detect strong Raman peaks within the Reststrahlen band of GaN that are not found in the bulk GaN Raman spectrum. These SPhP modes occur around 700 cm^-1 (~ 14.3 microns), offering a spectral region for device applications which is currently not accessible by plasmonic based systems or other SPhP enabled materials. Utilizing selective area epitaxy, we created GaN nanowire arrays with various diameters and pitches, from which the Raman spectra showed tuning of the apparent SPhP resonances. Infrared reflectance measurements were also performed with an FTIR microscope to further establish the physical properties of the resonances. Finally, computational studies of the structures’ reflectance were used to solidify our understanding of the geometry/SPhP-resonance-tuning relationship.
{"title":"Localized phonon-polariton modes in periodic GaN nanowire arrays grown by selective area epitaxy (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Bryan T. Spann, J. Nolen, M. Brubaker, T. Folland, C. T. Ellis, J. Tischler, T. Harvey, J. Caldwell, K. Bertness","doi":"10.1117/12.2322885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2322885","url":null,"abstract":"Localized surface phonon-polariton (SPhP) resonances in polar semiconductor nanostructures can provide highly sub-diffractional electromagnetic fields. Furthermore, SPhP resonances offer enhanced resonant quality factors when compared to plasmon-polariton based systems. The various material platforms and nanostructure geometries achievable in polar semiconductors suggest they would be ideal platforms for tunable, long-wavelength photonics applications. Moreover, the constituent atomic basis defines the operating frequency regime for SPhP resonances; tunable from the mid-infrared to THz. Here, we investigate Raman active aspects of SPhP modes in GaN nanowire arrays that are grown via selective area molecular beam epitaxy. We detect strong Raman peaks within the Reststrahlen band of GaN that are not found in the bulk GaN Raman spectrum. These SPhP modes occur around 700 cm^-1 (~ 14.3 microns), offering a spectral region for device applications which is currently not accessible by plasmonic based systems or other SPhP enabled materials. Utilizing selective area epitaxy, we created GaN nanowire arrays with various diameters and pitches, from which the Raman spectra showed tuning of the apparent SPhP resonances. Infrared reflectance measurements were also performed with an FTIR microscope to further establish the physical properties of the resonances. Finally, computational studies of the structures’ reflectance were used to solidify our understanding of the geometry/SPhP-resonance-tuning relationship.","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116344420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategies for enhanced injection of light into scattering medium (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. Yamilov","doi":"10.1117/12.2323255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2323255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127202217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials where the real part of the permittivity is near zero are known to have interesting nonlinear optical properties such as enhanced harmonic generation and large nonlinear refraction (NLR). In particular, the NLR of highly doped semiconductors such as Indium Tin Oxide and Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide is enhanced in the near-infrared spectral regions, where the real part of the permittivity crosses zero, the precise wavelength of which can be tuned by controlling the doping level.. This is also known as the epsilon near zero (ENZ) regime, although the imaginary part of the permittivity is not necessarily small at this wavelength. In order to characterize these nonlinearities, we use the Beam-Deflection (BD) method to directly characterize the temporal dynamics and polarization dependence of the nondegenerate NLR and nonlinear absorption of doped semiconductors at ENZ. BD has sensitivity to induced optical path length as small as 1/20,000 of a wavelength, which enables us to resolve NLR in the presence of large nonlinear absorption backgrounds. The BD technique also allows separation of instantaneous bound electronic nonlinearities from non-instantaneous mechanisms such as the carrier redistribution effects that dominate in ENZ materials,. We can also study the dependence on relative polarization and incidence angle of excitation and probe waves. Our method also reveals the effect of tuning the wavelength of excitation or probe waves through ENZ separately and we find that that the strong wavelength dependence of nonlinearities around the ENZ point is quite different for pump and probe waves.
{"title":"Ultrafast dynamics and spectral dependence of optical nonlinearities in doped semiconductors at epsilon-near-zero (Conference Presentation)","authors":"S. Benis, E. W. Stryland, D. Hagan","doi":"10.1117/12.2321983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2321983","url":null,"abstract":"Materials where the real part of the permittivity is near zero are known to have interesting nonlinear optical properties such as enhanced harmonic generation and large nonlinear refraction (NLR). In particular, the NLR of highly doped semiconductors such as Indium Tin Oxide and Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide is enhanced in the near-infrared spectral regions, where the real part of the permittivity crosses zero, the precise wavelength of which can be tuned by controlling the doping level.. This is also known as the epsilon near zero (ENZ) regime, although the imaginary part of the permittivity is not necessarily small at this wavelength. In order to characterize these nonlinearities, we use the Beam-Deflection (BD) method to directly characterize the temporal dynamics and polarization dependence of the nondegenerate NLR and nonlinear absorption of doped semiconductors at ENZ. BD has sensitivity to induced optical path length as small as 1/20,000 of a wavelength, which enables us to resolve NLR in the presence of large nonlinear absorption backgrounds. The BD technique also allows separation of instantaneous bound electronic nonlinearities from non-instantaneous mechanisms such as the carrier redistribution effects that dominate in ENZ materials,. We can also study the dependence on relative polarization and incidence angle of excitation and probe waves. Our method also reveals the effect of tuning the wavelength of excitation or probe waves through ENZ separately and we find that that the strong wavelength dependence of nonlinearities around the ENZ point is quite different for pump and probe waves.","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131952398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yun Xu, Jingbo Sun, J. Frantz, M. Shalaev, J. Myers, R. Bekele, A. Tsukernik, W. Walasik, J. Sanghera, N. Litchinitser
Optical beams with a phase term proportional to the azimuthal angle possess a singularity at the beam center and carry an orbital angular momentum (OAM). The OAM beams find important applications including the trapping and rotation of microscopic objects, atom-light interactions and optical communications. The OAM beams can be generated by spiral phase plates or spatial light modulators which are bulky. Recently, planar optical components including q-plates, arrays of nano-antennas and all-dielectric metasurfaces, have attracted significant attention. However, they lack reconfigurability, which means that once the components are fabricated, their functionality cannot be changed. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a nonlinear metasurface-based beam converter which is designed to transform a Hermite-Gaussian beam to a vortex beam with an OAM in a transmission mode. The proposed converter is built of an array of nano-cubes made of chalcogenide(As2S3) glass. Chalcogenides offer several advantages for designing all-dielectric, nonlinear metasurfaces, including high linear refractive index at near-infrared wavelengths, low losses, and relatively high third-order nonlinear coefficient. In particular, reconfigurability is enabled by the intensity-dependent refractive index or Kerr nonlinearity. Input Hermite-Gaussian beam at low intensity transmitting through the metasurface acquired an OAM, while at high intensity, remained its original intensity and phase profile. The parameters of the reconfigurable metasurface were optimized and its functionality was verified using numerical simulation and in laboratory experiments. Compared to conventional metasurfaces, their nonlinear counterparts are likely to enable a number of novel devices for all-optical switching and integrated circuits applications.
{"title":"All-dielectric, nonlinear, reconfigurable metasurface-enabled optical beam converter (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Yun Xu, Jingbo Sun, J. Frantz, M. Shalaev, J. Myers, R. Bekele, A. Tsukernik, W. Walasik, J. Sanghera, N. Litchinitser","doi":"10.1117/12.2322146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2322146","url":null,"abstract":"Optical beams with a phase term proportional to the azimuthal angle possess a singularity at the beam center and carry an orbital angular momentum (OAM). The OAM beams find important applications including the trapping and rotation of microscopic objects, atom-light interactions and optical communications. The OAM beams can be generated by spiral phase plates or spatial light modulators which are bulky. Recently, planar optical components including q-plates, arrays of nano-antennas and all-dielectric metasurfaces, have attracted significant attention. However, they lack reconfigurability, which means that once the components are fabricated, their functionality cannot be changed.\u0000In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a nonlinear metasurface-based beam converter which is designed to transform a Hermite-Gaussian beam to a vortex beam with an OAM in a transmission mode. The proposed converter is built of an array of nano-cubes made of chalcogenide(As2S3) glass. Chalcogenides offer several advantages for designing all-dielectric, nonlinear metasurfaces, including high linear refractive index at near-infrared wavelengths, low losses, and relatively high third-order nonlinear coefficient. In particular, reconfigurability is enabled by the intensity-dependent refractive index or Kerr nonlinearity. Input Hermite-Gaussian beam at low intensity transmitting through the metasurface acquired an OAM, while at high intensity, remained its original intensity and phase profile. The parameters of the reconfigurable metasurface were optimized and its functionality was verified using numerical simulation and in laboratory experiments. Compared to conventional metasurfaces, their nonlinear counterparts are likely to enable a number of novel devices for all-optical switching and integrated circuits applications.","PeriodicalId":169708,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2018","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131123629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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