{"title":"Adverse Drug Reactions to Antiretroviral Therapy in Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria","authors":"Elias Adikwu, Ochayi Adikwu, Phil Inga","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.4.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.4.189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85819645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neda Kazemi Motlagh, S. Hesami Tackallou, M. Mahdavi, Mahdi Hosseinzadeh
{"title":"Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle, and Apoptosis Induction of Methyl Thiosemicarbazone Complex with Copper on K562 Cell Line","authors":"Neda Kazemi Motlagh, S. Hesami Tackallou, M. Mahdavi, Mahdi Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.4.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.4.228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90687763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Nazemi Salman, Amirali Bakhtiary, Solmaz Taheri
{"title":"Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride compared with Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Oral Saliva pH in the Children with Sever-Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC)","authors":"B. Nazemi Salman, Amirali Bakhtiary, Solmaz Taheri","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.4.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.4.196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86311814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The radial artery is useful in interventional treatment, and its variation is important for the clinician consideration. During the dissection of Sudanese adult 83-old-male cadaver, multiple upper limbs, a rare vascular variation, was observed in cases 1 & 2. The axillary arteries in both limbs showed a pattern of many variations, the radial arteries have been arising directly from their second part in the axilla. They were run through the arm superficially, along with their courses, they were separated from the brachial artery. In the right limb, a communicated artery was seen connecting the radial and brachial arteries at the region of the cubital fossa. However, their courses of the radial artery in the forearm and hand were found normal. Knowledge of anatomical variation of the radial artery is essential in performing the transradial coronary procedure.
{"title":"Bilateral Variation of Radial Artery: Two Case Reports and Literature Review","authors":"Mohammed A. A. Abdelmtalab","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.145","url":null,"abstract":"The radial artery is useful in interventional treatment, and its variation is important for the clinician consideration. During the dissection of Sudanese adult 83-old-male cadaver, multiple upper limbs, a rare vascular variation, was observed in cases 1 & 2. The axillary arteries in both limbs showed a pattern of many variations, the radial arteries have been arising directly from their second part in the axilla. They were run through the arm superficially, along with their courses, they were separated from the brachial artery. In the right limb, a communicated artery was seen connecting the radial and brachial arteries at the region of the cubital fossa. However, their courses of the radial artery in the forearm and hand were found normal. Knowledge of anatomical variation of the radial artery is essential in performing the transradial coronary procedure.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88296911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of Various Phenotypic Methods in Detection of Carbapenemases and Metallo-Beta-Lactamases (MBL) in Carbapenem Resistant Clinlical Isolates of Acinetobacter Species at A Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"M. Rouf, A. Nazir, Ovais Karnain, S. Akhter","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75179647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aims : Long course of the radial nerve and its proximity to the humerus makes Radial Nerve (RN) prone to injury in diaphyseal fractures. In an effort to maintain its integrity, soft tissue landmarks can be readily made use of to provide facile nerve identification, as osseous landmarks might get altered in fractures. The aim of this study was to provide an idea of safe zone for securing radial nerve in relation to soft tissue structures and thereby, preventing the concomitant iatrogenic injury. Materials & Methods : 40 Upper limb specimens from 20 cadavers were dissected. The radial nerve was identified proximal to the apex of Tricipital aponeurosis (TA) in posterior arm, at the level of entry into the lateral inter muscular septum and along the lateral border of TA. The mean distance between the radial nerve and aponeurosis was measured at all the three sites to find the safe zone for securing the radial nerve during surgeries. Results : The radial nerve was found proximally from the medial apex of tricipital aponeurosis at a distance of 43.49 ± 6.67 mm (range 30.34-55.72 mm) within the muscle belly of triceps. The minimal permissible distance for the triceps split was 3.03 cm from the medial apex for both right and left arms. The distance of above 15 mm (range from 15.56 to 47.47mm) from the lateral border of tricipital aponeurosis was considered as a safe zone and no branches of the radial nerve were found in this zone. Radial nerve was identified along its course in the range of 15.56 to 47.47 mm from the lateral border of TA and this should be taken into consideration by the operating surgeon. Conclusion : The Tricipital aponeurosis is a useful soft tissue landmark to secure the radial nerve safely throughout its course in the arm. Knowledge of safe and dangerous zones of the radial nerve would help the orthopedic surgeons to avoid the risk of iatrogenic nerve injury, which is not an uncommon phenomenon.
{"title":"Surgical importance of using musculo-aponeurotic landmarks as a guide to identify the radial nerve in posterior approach for humeral fractures a cadaveric study in a south indian population","authors":"Gajapriya Palaniappan, Sivaraj Sathappan, Anandhi Veeraraghavalu","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.150","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : Long course of the radial nerve and its proximity to the humerus makes Radial Nerve (RN) prone to injury in diaphyseal fractures. In an effort to maintain its integrity, soft tissue landmarks can be readily made use of to provide facile nerve identification, as osseous landmarks might get altered in fractures. The aim of this study was to provide an idea of safe zone for securing radial nerve in relation to soft tissue structures and thereby, preventing the concomitant iatrogenic injury. Materials & Methods : 40 Upper limb specimens from 20 cadavers were dissected. The radial nerve was identified proximal to the apex of Tricipital aponeurosis (TA) in posterior arm, at the level of entry into the lateral inter muscular septum and along the lateral border of TA. The mean distance between the radial nerve and aponeurosis was measured at all the three sites to find the safe zone for securing the radial nerve during surgeries. Results : The radial nerve was found proximally from the medial apex of tricipital aponeurosis at a distance of 43.49 ± 6.67 mm (range 30.34-55.72 mm) within the muscle belly of triceps. The minimal permissible distance for the triceps split was 3.03 cm from the medial apex for both right and left arms. The distance of above 15 mm (range from 15.56 to 47.47mm) from the lateral border of tricipital aponeurosis was considered as a safe zone and no branches of the radial nerve were found in this zone. Radial nerve was identified along its course in the range of 15.56 to 47.47 mm from the lateral border of TA and this should be taken into consideration by the operating surgeon. Conclusion : The Tricipital aponeurosis is a useful soft tissue landmark to secure the radial nerve safely throughout its course in the arm. Knowledge of safe and dangerous zones of the radial nerve would help the orthopedic surgeons to avoid the risk of iatrogenic nerve injury, which is not an uncommon phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87125051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fattahi bafghi, F. Zare, Mostafa Gholamrezaei, Mahin Ghafourzadeh
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects more than 12 million people worldwide. After parasite inoculum by female blood-sucking insects, e.g. Phlebotomus, neutrophils quickly infiltrate and phagocytes Leishmania parasites. Macrophages are the second immune cells. They possess several pattern recognition receptors that respond to different surface molecules such as Lipophosphoglycan, glycoprotein 63 (GP63), PPG, GIPL, CP, and SAP. It was found that Leishmania GP63 cleaves several targets of infected macrophages, including the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate, p130CAS, PEST, NF-B, and AP-1. After activation of surface molecules, lipid metabolites of arachidonic acid, including leukotrienes and prostaglandins, are important mediators in Leishmaniasis. These lipid metabolites can be metabolized by different enzymes, including the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase.
{"title":"The Role of Surface Molecules in Host Responses of Leishmaniasis: Focus on Lipid Mediators","authors":"A. Fattahi bafghi, F. Zare, Mostafa Gholamrezaei, Mahin Ghafourzadeh","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.161","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects more than 12 million people worldwide. After parasite inoculum by female blood-sucking insects, e.g. Phlebotomus, neutrophils quickly infiltrate and phagocytes Leishmania parasites. Macrophages are the second immune cells. They possess several pattern recognition receptors that respond to different surface molecules such as Lipophosphoglycan, glycoprotein 63 (GP63), PPG, GIPL, CP, and SAP. It was found that Leishmania GP63 cleaves several targets of infected macrophages, including the myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate, p130CAS, PEST, NF-B, and AP-1. After activation of surface molecules, lipid metabolites of arachidonic acid, including leukotrienes and prostaglandins, are important mediators in Leishmaniasis. These lipid metabolites can be metabolized by different enzymes, including the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81330617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aims : Abortions, ectopic pregnancy, and molar pregnancy are the common causes of bleeding during the first trimester. Current study evaluated the first trimester bleeding and prognosticate and predict the status of abnormal pregnancies using ultrasound scan. Materials & Methods : In this observational study, total 100 pregnants of aged from 22 to 34 years with first-trimester vaginal bleeding were examined by Ultrasonography. Demographics, obsestric history such as age, parity, gravidity bleeding severity, ultrasonography results, and clinical diagnosis referred in categorical data and analysed using Chi-square analysis. Statistical analyses were done by SPSS ver. 24. Results : Spotting in 40%, light in 28%, and heavy in 32% of the pregnants in heaviness of bleeding. 73% of pregnant reported spontaneous bleeding. Threatened abortion clinically diagnosed in 52 cases; Ultrasonography confirmed 24 pregnant as threatened abortions and aids in correctly diagnosing 8 cases that were missed on clinical examination. 24 pregnant women out of 36 threatened abortions were continued to term, with a 66 % success rate. Ultrasonography correctly diagnosed pregnant women who were threatened with abortion (n=36), incomplete abortion (n=20), missed abortion (n=8), ectopic (n=8), inevitable abortion (n=8), blighted ovum (n=4), and Hydatidiform mole (n=4). 96 out of 100 pregnants were correctly diagnosed by Ultrasound when compared to 72 out of 100 cases on the basis of clinical diagnosis with a disparity of 64%. On follow-up, six cases of threatened abortion were terminated. Conclusion : Ultrasonography plays an important role in the etiological diagnosis of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy; in most cases, a responsible abnormality of bleeding is easily identified. Using Ultrasonography, misdiagnosis at first trimester can be avoided.
{"title":"Ultrasound for the diagnosis of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy","authors":"Srujana Pilli, Bhavani Bangaru, Ameenulla Ameenulla Hafeezuddin Shaik","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.128","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : Abortions, ectopic pregnancy, and molar pregnancy are the common causes of bleeding during the first trimester. Current study evaluated the first trimester bleeding and prognosticate and predict the status of abnormal pregnancies using ultrasound scan. Materials & Methods : In this observational study, total 100 pregnants of aged from 22 to 34 years with first-trimester vaginal bleeding were examined by Ultrasonography. Demographics, obsestric history such as age, parity, gravidity bleeding severity, ultrasonography results, and clinical diagnosis referred in categorical data and analysed using Chi-square analysis. Statistical analyses were done by SPSS ver. 24. Results : Spotting in 40%, light in 28%, and heavy in 32% of the pregnants in heaviness of bleeding. 73% of pregnant reported spontaneous bleeding. Threatened abortion clinically diagnosed in 52 cases; Ultrasonography confirmed 24 pregnant as threatened abortions and aids in correctly diagnosing 8 cases that were missed on clinical examination. 24 pregnant women out of 36 threatened abortions were continued to term, with a 66 % success rate. Ultrasonography correctly diagnosed pregnant women who were threatened with abortion (n=36), incomplete abortion (n=20), missed abortion (n=8), ectopic (n=8), inevitable abortion (n=8), blighted ovum (n=4), and Hydatidiform mole (n=4). 96 out of 100 pregnants were correctly diagnosed by Ultrasound when compared to 72 out of 100 cases on the basis of clinical diagnosis with a disparity of 64%. On follow-up, six cases of threatened abortion were terminated. Conclusion : Ultrasonography plays an important role in the etiological diagnosis of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy; in most cases, a responsible abnormality of bleeding is easily identified. Using Ultrasonography, misdiagnosis at first trimester can be avoided.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84435737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development of human brain is the essential process in the prenatal period of human growth. The total surface of human brain area is 1820 cm 2 , and the average cortical thickness is 2.7 mm. We reviewed and referred to several articles in this field. Comparative studies of the primate's brain show that there are general architectural basis governing the brain growth and evolutionary development. In this study, it is discussed about the human brain development with highlighting on the main mechanisms in the embryonic stage and early postnatal life as well as the general architectural values in brain evolution from primates to now. It is suggested that neurodevelopment involves some genetic bases in the neural stem cells proliferation, cortical neurons migration, cerebral cortex folding, synaptogenesis, gliogenesis, and myelination of neural fibers.
人脑的发育是人在产前发育过程中必不可少的过程。人脑区总表面积为1820 cm 2，皮层平均厚度为2.7 mm。我们回顾并参考了这一领域的几篇文章。对灵长类动物大脑的比较研究表明，大脑的生长和进化有一个共同的结构基础。本研究主要讨论了人类大脑的发育，重点讨论了胚胎阶段和出生后早期生命的主要机制，以及从灵长类动物到现在大脑进化的一般结构价值。提示神经发育涉及神经干细胞增殖、皮层神经元迁移、大脑皮层折叠、突触发生、胶质形成和神经纤维髓鞘形成等遗传基础。
{"title":"A Review on Brain Evolution and Development","authors":"F. Tahmasebi, Homa Rasoolijazi, Shirin Barati","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.137","url":null,"abstract":"Development of human brain is the essential process in the prenatal period of human growth. The total surface of human brain area is 1820 cm 2 , and the average cortical thickness is 2.7 mm. We reviewed and referred to several articles in this field. Comparative studies of the primate's brain show that there are general architectural basis governing the brain growth and evolutionary development. In this study, it is discussed about the human brain development with highlighting on the main mechanisms in the embryonic stage and early postnatal life as well as the general architectural values in brain evolution from primates to now. It is suggested that neurodevelopment involves some genetic bases in the neural stem cells proliferation, cortical neurons migration, cerebral cortex folding, synaptogenesis, gliogenesis, and myelination of neural fibers.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73429702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Usunomena Usunobun, Collins Suleman Inuumoru, Chukwudi Onyeaghor, David Lawuru, H. Egbo
Background & Aims : Methotrexate despite its beneficial anti-cancer and immunosuppressant effects has continued to receive limitation in usage due to its organ toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective effect of aqueous leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata on Methotrexate-induced injury and damage on kidney in rat. Materials & Methods : The study consisted of four groups of rats: Control, Chromolaena odorata extract, Methotrexate, and Methotrexate+Chromolaena odorata extract groups. Chromolaena odorata extract was given orally (200 mg/kg) for 10 days, and Methotrexate at a single dose (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally on day 9 of the experiment. Blood and kidney were collected on day 11 to measure biochemical, hematological and oxidative stress parameters as well as histopathological analysis. Results : Methotrexate administration when compared to control and extract, treated rats decreased antioxidant agents, including catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) while it increased the Malondialdehyde level in the kidney tissues. Methotrexate also increased Urea and Creatinine in the blood samples. The result also showed that Methotrexate administration produced a significant decrease in Hemoglobin (HB), White Blood Cell (WBC), Hematocrit (HCT), Red Blood Cell (RBC), Platelets (PLTS), Lymphocyte, Basophil, and Monocyte when compared to control and all extract administered rats. The result of histopathological analysis of the kidney revealed that Methotrexate administration caused necrosis of renal tubules, renal congestion, renal tubule epithelium swelling, interstitial hemorrhage, glomerular atrophy, as well as dilatation. Chromolaena odorata extract administration significantly alleviated kidney function, improved antioxidant parameters, decreased levels of oxidative stress agents, restored the hematological parameters towards normalcy as well as resulted in noticeable improvement and attenuation toward normalcy in the kidney structure, and thus, remarkably preventing Methotrexate-induced tissue injury and damage. Conclusion : The observed data showed that Chromolaena odorata had a protective effect against Methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity by maintaining the activity of the antioxidant defense system, which can be attributed to its bioactive constituents.
{"title":"Nephroprotective Potential of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob. on Methotrexate-Induced Kidney Damage and Oxidative Stress","authors":"Usunomena Usunobun, Collins Suleman Inuumoru, Chukwudi Onyeaghor, David Lawuru, H. Egbo","doi":"10.52547/rabms.8.3.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/rabms.8.3.118","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims : Methotrexate despite its beneficial anti-cancer and immunosuppressant effects has continued to receive limitation in usage due to its organ toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective effect of aqueous leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata on Methotrexate-induced injury and damage on kidney in rat. Materials & Methods : The study consisted of four groups of rats: Control, Chromolaena odorata extract, Methotrexate, and Methotrexate+Chromolaena odorata extract groups. Chromolaena odorata extract was given orally (200 mg/kg) for 10 days, and Methotrexate at a single dose (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally on day 9 of the experiment. Blood and kidney were collected on day 11 to measure biochemical, hematological and oxidative stress parameters as well as histopathological analysis. Results : Methotrexate administration when compared to control and extract, treated rats decreased antioxidant agents, including catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) while it increased the Malondialdehyde level in the kidney tissues. Methotrexate also increased Urea and Creatinine in the blood samples. The result also showed that Methotrexate administration produced a significant decrease in Hemoglobin (HB), White Blood Cell (WBC), Hematocrit (HCT), Red Blood Cell (RBC), Platelets (PLTS), Lymphocyte, Basophil, and Monocyte when compared to control and all extract administered rats. The result of histopathological analysis of the kidney revealed that Methotrexate administration caused necrosis of renal tubules, renal congestion, renal tubule epithelium swelling, interstitial hemorrhage, glomerular atrophy, as well as dilatation. Chromolaena odorata extract administration significantly alleviated kidney function, improved antioxidant parameters, decreased levels of oxidative stress agents, restored the hematological parameters towards normalcy as well as resulted in noticeable improvement and attenuation toward normalcy in the kidney structure, and thus, remarkably preventing Methotrexate-induced tissue injury and damage. Conclusion : The observed data showed that Chromolaena odorata had a protective effect against Methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity by maintaining the activity of the antioxidant defense system, which can be attributed to its bioactive constituents.","PeriodicalId":16970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82079475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：