{"title":"Leveraging Carbon Finance for Sustaining Livelihoods through AWD","authors":"A. ..., I. Vedamuthu","doi":"10.58297/wdtp5434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/wdtp5434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73706035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ravindra Chary G, Singh Vk, Gopinath Ka, Sridhar Kb, B. B, Narsimlu B, A. Rasool, Sujata Mg
Rainfed agriculture, practiced in diverse agroecologies contributes, immensely to India’s food basket. However, rainfed agriculture in India is constrained with many biophysical and socioeconomic challenges, particularly changing climate and rainfall variability. Managing climate risks, enhancing productivity and profitability, further achieving resilience of the rainfed production systems is need of the hour. To address these, agro-ecology specific crop alignment, agro-ecology specific potential crop zoning and diversifying within farm for sustainable intensification and real-time contingency planning implementation are the key strategies.
{"title":"Agro-Ecology Specific Strategies for Resilient Rainfed Production Systems","authors":"Ravindra Chary G, Singh Vk, Gopinath Ka, Sridhar Kb, B. B, Narsimlu B, A. Rasool, Sujata Mg","doi":"10.58297/nmdz8979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/nmdz8979","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfed agriculture, practiced in diverse agroecologies contributes, immensely to India’s food basket. However, rainfed agriculture in India is constrained with many biophysical and socioeconomic challenges, particularly changing climate and rainfall variability. Managing climate risks, enhancing productivity and profitability, further achieving resilience of the rainfed production systems is need of the hour. To address these, agro-ecology specific crop alignment, agro-ecology specific potential crop zoning and diversifying within farm for sustainable intensification and real-time contingency planning implementation are the key strategies.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73625859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indian population growth by 2030 is expected to be 1.515 billion surpassing China with the present trend of reduction in arable land created a challenge on the sustainability of food production system. Countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America due to the population pressure and to safeguard the food security have adopted a system of crop intensification among various crops like wheat, finger millet, sugarcane, mustard, soybean and kidney bean. The system of crop intensification along with new technologies could show crop improvement in the growth of yield during the previous decade (2011-12 to 2021-22) in rice-wheat. There is an evident yield gain particularly in SRI cultivation as reported by many researchers. The technologies of SRI advocate intensive use of some inputs combined with organic components making the plant sturdy for better intake of nutrients. Studies on standardization of the techniques for SCI by repeated experimentation are observed as a lacuna by the present study. The recent alternatives like using less quantum and more efficient use of water recommended by dry seeded rice techniques in compression with SCI techniques were not tested with ground reality. The changes perceived with the policies related to irrigation, procurement, price policy and trade policy are examined in the present study. Additional areas brought into irrigation were always converted into rice fields. Due to area expansion and also by the potential yield gains by SCI, the whole enhanced production will reach the market for want of marketing. This excessive supply of rice reported by the balance sheet of rice which resulted in price crash, price volatility etc. Curbing the unnecessary area expansion under single mono cropping by diversifying with crops like millets, pulses and oilseeds. The excessive supply also creates a burden on procurement of grain which necessitates additional storage space public and private and payment burden on Central government as well as agencies like FCI. Instead of MSP as a whole a differential payment approach also can be adopted to reach more farmers and cover volumes of production. Moreover, additional supply may create more exports but the question of virtual water trade arises there resulting in a dilemma to expand exports or not. On the other hand, India being a strong exporter of rice can influence the imports of the exporting counties and flare up the food inflation in the world. All the above discussions favor the controlled and balanced production which may be affected through the SCI i.e., achieve the desirable production through reduced area under rice thereby allocating the remaining areas in cultivation of diversified crops. The experiences of rice can be replicated in other crops also.
{"title":"System of Crop Intensification – An Experience with SRI Policies and Perspectives","authors":"S. K., S. D, Dinesh Tm","doi":"10.58297/fibu4948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/fibu4948","url":null,"abstract":"Indian population growth by 2030 is expected to be 1.515 billion surpassing China with the present trend of reduction in arable land created a challenge on the sustainability of food production system. Countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America due to the population pressure and to safeguard the food security have adopted a system of crop intensification among various crops like wheat, finger millet, sugarcane, mustard, soybean and kidney bean. The system of crop intensification along with new technologies could show crop improvement in the growth of yield during the previous decade (2011-12 to 2021-22) in rice-wheat. There is an evident yield gain particularly in SRI cultivation as reported by many researchers. The technologies of SRI advocate intensive use of some inputs combined with organic components making the plant sturdy for better intake of nutrients. Studies on standardization of the techniques for SCI by repeated experimentation are observed as a lacuna by the present study. The recent alternatives like using less quantum and more efficient use of water recommended by dry seeded rice techniques in compression with SCI techniques were not tested with ground reality. The changes perceived with the policies related to irrigation, procurement, price policy and trade policy are examined in the present study. Additional areas brought into irrigation were always converted into rice fields. Due to area expansion and also by the potential yield gains by SCI, the whole enhanced production will reach the market for want of marketing. This excessive supply of rice reported by the balance sheet of rice which resulted in price crash, price volatility etc. Curbing the unnecessary area expansion under single mono cropping by diversifying with crops like millets, pulses and oilseeds. The excessive supply also creates a burden on procurement of grain which necessitates additional storage space public and private and payment burden on Central government as well as agencies like FCI. Instead of MSP as a whole a differential payment approach also can be adopted to reach more farmers and cover volumes of production. Moreover, additional supply may create more exports but the question of virtual water trade arises there resulting in a dilemma to expand exports or not. On the other hand, India being a strong exporter of rice can influence the imports of the exporting counties and flare up the food inflation in the world. All the above discussions favor the controlled and balanced production which may be affected through the SCI i.e., achieve the desirable production through reduced area under rice thereby allocating the remaining areas in cultivation of diversified crops. The experiences of rice can be replicated in other crops also.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86762174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhanshu Singh -, Malay Bhowmick K, A. K, Panneerselvam Peramaiyan
{"title":"Precision Agriculture for Transforming Rice-Based Food Systems under Stress-Prone Environments","authors":"Sudhanshu Singh -, Malay Bhowmick K, A. K, Panneerselvam Peramaiyan","doi":"10.58297/tzhw8147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/tzhw8147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78261345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the challenges presented by climate change, water shortage, and land degradation, sustainable agriculture strategies that increase farming systems’ resilience are needed more than ever. This is especially true for sustaining rice production which is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people. Agroecology-based System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is seen as a way forward in transforming food and agriculture systems, especially for the smallholder farmers to build an inclusive, safe, sustainable and resilient society. The findings reported here are based on the engagement that the Asian Center of Innovation for Sustainable Agriculture Intensification (ACISAI), Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand had in the Lower Mekong River (LMB) basin countries (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam) using a regional project commonly known as “SRI-LMB”. Using a local, national and regional innovation platform that was designed to systematize engagement and strengthen communication for fuelling innovation, more than 15 institutions were involved in the six-year-long farmers’ participatory action research (FPAR) trial located in the 33 districts of 11 provinces in the LMB. The SRI was used as an ‘entry point’ for such engagement-led-transition. Average yield along with factor productivity increased by more than 50% with a significant reduction in cultivation costs, energy use, and greenhouse gas emission. The purpose of this paper is to share results, and also to detail three key processes that led to innovations in different areas for better adoption: 1. the multi-stakeholder platforms used for action; 2. The FPAR that led to community development; the evidence-based policy and strategies that can support the sustainability of rural livelihoods.
{"title":"SRI Adoption through Innovative Alliance-Building: Learning from the SRI-LMB","authors":"A. Mishra","doi":"10.58297/azam5740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/azam5740","url":null,"abstract":"Given the challenges presented by climate change, water shortage, and land degradation, sustainable agriculture strategies that increase farming systems’ resilience are needed more than ever. This is especially true for sustaining rice production which is the staple food for hundreds of millions of people. Agroecology-based System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is seen as a way forward in transforming food and agriculture systems, especially for the smallholder farmers to build an inclusive, safe, sustainable and resilient society. The findings reported here are based on the engagement that the Asian Center of Innovation for Sustainable Agriculture Intensification (ACISAI), Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand had in the Lower Mekong River (LMB) basin countries (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam) using a regional project commonly known as “SRI-LMB”. Using a local, national and regional innovation platform that was designed to systematize engagement and strengthen communication for fuelling innovation, more than 15 institutions were involved in the six-year-long farmers’ participatory action research (FPAR) trial located in the 33 districts of 11 provinces in the LMB. The SRI was used as an ‘entry point’ for such engagement-led-transition. Average yield along with factor productivity increased by more than 50% with a significant reduction in cultivation costs, energy use, and greenhouse gas emission. The purpose of this paper is to share results, and also to detail three key processes that led to innovations in different areas for better adoption: 1. the multi-stakeholder platforms used for action; 2. The FPAR that led to community development; the evidence-based policy and strategies that can support the sustainability of rural livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74812456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) was initiated in Bangladesh in 1999-2000 when the government’s Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) and CARE-Bangladesh introduced SRI to a few groups of farmers in Kishoregonj. The average SRI yields in that first Boro season were 6.5-7.5 tonne per ha, which was around 20% higher than farmer practice. The SRI movement started in 2000 after Prof. Norman Uphoff visited Dhaka and spoke on the benefits of SRI to representatives of agricultural-related organisations and NGOs in the BRAC Head Office. The objectives of SRI NNB are to enhance crop intensification, production, and income for the farmers. The crop intensification initiative of SRI NNB followed the farmer participatory action (PAR) research approach for involving the farmers in undertaking field experiments, observation, analysis, and adoption processes to increase farm productivity and income. Though SRI practice was initiated about two decades ago in Bangladesh, it didn’t expand much throughout the country. The farmer to- farmer extension took place in localized proximity. Institutional management support and resource allocation are considered to be inevitable to expand the benefit of SRI among the farmers. It is expected that farmers might exercise the SRI principles in other crops as well. The recent emerging impact of climate change is to be addressed together with SRI practice and appropriate climate smart technologies in Bangladesh to improve food security of the poor and marginal farmers.
{"title":"System of Rice Intensification National Network Bangladesh (SRINNB) Enhancement of Food Security and Climate Resilient Livelihood Opportunities for the Farming Community in Bangladesh - An Exploratory Study Report","authors":"Gopal Chowhan, M. Am","doi":"10.58297/sqxi5980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/sqxi5980","url":null,"abstract":"The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) was initiated in Bangladesh in 1999-2000 when the government’s Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) and CARE-Bangladesh introduced SRI to a few groups of farmers in Kishoregonj. The average SRI yields in that first Boro season were 6.5-7.5 tonne per ha, which was around 20% higher than farmer practice. The SRI movement started in 2000 after Prof. Norman Uphoff visited Dhaka and spoke on the benefits of SRI to representatives of agricultural-related organisations and NGOs in the BRAC Head Office. The objectives of SRI NNB are to enhance crop intensification, production, and income for the farmers. The crop intensification initiative of SRI NNB followed the farmer participatory action (PAR) research approach for involving the farmers in undertaking field experiments, observation, analysis, and adoption processes to increase farm productivity and income. Though SRI practice was initiated about two decades ago in Bangladesh, it didn’t expand much throughout the country. The farmer to- farmer extension took place in localized proximity. Institutional management support and resource allocation are considered to be inevitable to expand the benefit of SRI among the farmers. It is expected that farmers might exercise the SRI principles in other crops as well. The recent emerging impact of climate change is to be addressed together with SRI practice and appropriate climate smart technologies in Bangladesh to improve food security of the poor and marginal farmers.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88042037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the Indian economy contributing 18.5% of national income, about 15% of total exports and supporting two-thirds of the work force. At the same time, biotic and abiotic stresses, degrading and depleting land and water resources and climate change are major challenges for sustainable agricultural production and productivity. The small and marginal land holdings (less than 2.0 ha) account for more than 86% of land holdings. The labour availability in agriculture is expected to go down to 26% of total workforce by 2047. Mechanizing small and non-contiguous group of small farms is against ‘economies of scale’ for individual ownership of farm machinery. With no possibility of increase in net cultivated area and diminishing farm labour availability, intensive agriculture with higher input use efficiency is essential for the growth of Indian agriculture in near future. Farm power and agricultural machinery are essential inputs for sustainable agricultural production and productivity to feed India’s burgeoning population. The intensification of crop production must be sustainable with low environmental footprint. A holistic, value-chain approach is necessary for agricultural mechanization, going beyond green production through precision agriculture and digital agriculture. Precision agriculture for region specific crop planning, controlled precision application of inputs (seeds, fertilisers, chemicals, water, etc), multi-functional farm equipment to conserve energy and to reduce turnaround time, application of drones in agriculture, application of sensors, micro-processor and computer in agriculture are some of the futuristic technologies that need more attention for sustainable agriculture in India. There is a need to simplify these technologies and make them cost-efficient for maximum adoption at the farmers’ level.
{"title":"Trend in Sustainable Mechanization of Indian Agriculture","authors":"Mehta Cr","doi":"10.58297/eqre1792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/eqre1792","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the Indian economy contributing 18.5% of national income, about 15% of total exports and supporting two-thirds of the work force. At the same time, biotic and abiotic stresses, degrading and depleting land and water resources and climate change are major challenges for sustainable agricultural production and productivity. The small and marginal land holdings (less than 2.0 ha) account for more than 86% of land holdings. The labour availability in agriculture is expected to go down to 26% of total workforce by 2047. Mechanizing small and non-contiguous group of small farms is against ‘economies of scale’ for individual ownership of farm machinery. With no possibility of increase in net cultivated area and diminishing farm labour availability, intensive agriculture with higher input use efficiency is essential for the growth of Indian agriculture in near future. Farm power and agricultural machinery are essential inputs for sustainable agricultural production and productivity to feed India’s burgeoning population. The intensification of crop production must be sustainable with low environmental footprint. A holistic, value-chain approach is necessary for agricultural mechanization, going beyond green production through precision agriculture and digital agriculture. Precision agriculture for region specific crop planning, controlled precision application of inputs (seeds, fertilisers, chemicals, water, etc), multi-functional farm equipment to conserve energy and to reduce turnaround time, application of drones in agriculture, application of sensors, micro-processor and computer in agriculture are some of the futuristic technologies that need more attention for sustainable agriculture in India. There is a need to simplify these technologies and make them cost-efficient for maximum adoption at the farmers’ level.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88609849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The challenge of increasing food production, in the context vertical expansion through improved productivity per unit of land area under the situation of adapting to the changing climatic conditions that impose water scarcity and Green House Gases (GHG) emissions from the rice fields. Many research findings showed that SRI method outperforming in terms of yield and reduction in cost of cultivation along with several perceived ecosystem benefits. Finally, the researchers suggest for further promotion and scaling up of the SRI method in suitable regions of India is highly imperative. SRI is knowledge and experience-based method of rice production than input centric technology. The SRI method has been piloted in most of the countries and a section of farmers realized its full or partial potential but they are reluctant to spread their success with their fellow farmers. It is right time to undertake a few studies by the behavioural scientists to nudge this innovative method of SRI among farmers to the niche paddy growing areas. Grain yields reported from field experiments carried out in different parts of India showed yield increases ranging from 9.3% to 68% as compared with conventional practice. The Ministry of Agriculture that included SRI as part of the National Food Security Mission in 133 food-insecure districts. The research wing of SAU should evolve new or modify the available transplanters and weeders for the exclusive mechanization under SRI method. The beneficial effects of SRI like water-saving, use of less inputs and reaping higher benefits by SRI technology should be made aware among farmers through demonstration. The scaling up of SRI needs to be buoyed out by the joint efforts of State Agricultural University Researchers, ministry of Extension personnel’s, not for profit organizations with farmers. Upscaling of SRI strategy will help achieve national as well as household food-security. This paper clearly describes the role of every institutional responsibility in reaching the unreached.
{"title":"Policy Options for Scaling-Up SRI","authors":"Vibhu Nayar -, Ravichandran Vk","doi":"10.58297/mliy2974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/mliy2974","url":null,"abstract":"The challenge of increasing food production, in the context vertical expansion through improved productivity per unit of land area under the situation of adapting to the changing climatic conditions that impose water scarcity and Green House Gases (GHG) emissions from the rice fields. Many research findings showed that SRI method outperforming in terms of yield and reduction in cost of cultivation along with several perceived ecosystem benefits. Finally, the researchers suggest for further promotion and scaling up of the SRI method in suitable regions of India is highly imperative. SRI is knowledge and experience-based method of rice production than input centric technology. The SRI method has been piloted in most of the countries and a section of farmers realized its full or partial potential but they are reluctant to spread their success with their fellow farmers. It is right time to undertake a few studies by the behavioural scientists to nudge this innovative method of SRI among farmers to the niche paddy growing areas. Grain yields reported from field experiments carried out in different parts of India showed yield increases ranging from 9.3% to 68% as compared with conventional practice. The Ministry of Agriculture that included SRI as part of the National Food Security Mission in 133 food-insecure districts. The research wing of SAU should evolve new or modify the available transplanters and weeders for the exclusive mechanization under SRI method. The beneficial effects of SRI like water-saving, use of less inputs and reaping higher benefits by SRI technology should be made aware among farmers through demonstration. The scaling up of SRI needs to be buoyed out by the joint efforts of State Agricultural University Researchers, ministry of Extension personnel’s, not for profit organizations with farmers. Upscaling of SRI strategy will help achieve national as well as household food-security. This paper clearly describes the role of every institutional responsibility in reaching the unreached.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88906478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In comparison to industrial expansion, agriculture growth in recent years has been extremely slow. Future food demand is being impacted by the declining production of primary crops. Due to a modest shift of acreage for other purposes mainly industrialization and urbanization, net sown area in India has slightly declined in last two decades. A holistic approach is urgently required to generate positive growth rates in agriculture, particularly in coastal ecosystems. Sustainable agriculture aims to preserve the basis of natural resources, safeguard the environment, and promote wealth over a longer period. A farming system is a collection of agro-economic activities that interact and are connected in a specific agroecosystem. The term “Integrated Farming Systems” (IFS) refers to a strategic combination of one or more enterprise with crop production that produces complementary results through efficient waste and crop residue recycling and generates extra sources of income for farmers. The interdependent, connected, and interlinking production systems based on crops, animals, and related ancillary professions are what make up the IFS activity. Abundance of species diversity aids in improving soil health especially organic carbon, besides enhances ecological conditions, both of which are necessary for long-term sustainability of production system. Additionally, it inhibits the spread of pests and improves soil nutrient cycling. IFS approach with site-specific models offers gainful employment and is extremely profitable and sustainable in all environments. Along with IFS, other practices that promote fertilizer use efficiency include agroforestry, integrated nutrient management, and soil and water conservation.
{"title":"Rice-Based Integrated Farming System for Sustainable Coastal Agroecosystem of India","authors":"Parveen Kumar -, P. V, Manohara Kk","doi":"10.58297/htav4445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/htav4445","url":null,"abstract":"In comparison to industrial expansion, agriculture growth in recent years has been extremely slow. Future food demand is being impacted by the declining production of primary crops. Due to a modest shift of acreage for other purposes mainly industrialization and urbanization, net sown area in India has slightly declined in last two decades. A holistic approach is urgently required to generate positive growth rates in agriculture, particularly in coastal ecosystems. Sustainable agriculture aims to preserve the basis of natural resources, safeguard the environment, and promote wealth over a longer period. A farming system is a collection of agro-economic activities that interact and are connected in a specific agroecosystem. The term “Integrated Farming Systems” (IFS) refers to a strategic combination of one or more enterprise with crop production that produces complementary results through efficient waste and crop residue recycling and generates extra sources of income for farmers. The interdependent, connected, and interlinking production systems based on crops, animals, and related ancillary professions are what make up the IFS activity. Abundance of species diversity aids in improving soil health especially organic carbon, besides enhances ecological conditions, both of which are necessary for long-term sustainability of production system. Additionally, it inhibits the spread of pests and improves soil nutrient cycling. IFS approach with site-specific models offers gainful employment and is extremely profitable and sustainable in all environments. Along with IFS, other practices that promote fertilizer use efficiency include agroforestry, integrated nutrient management, and soil and water conservation.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87122571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. A, Prashanti L, Subbirami Reddy A, Raghunadh Reddy G, Satyanarayana Pv, Srinivas T, R. Bnvsr, S. Lv
ANGRAU is a pioneer in rice research in India. It has the credit of releasing 123 rice varieties in 58 years of its inception which include 91 HYVs, 30 pure line varieties and 2 hybrids. ANGRAU has the credit of developing first BPH tolerant rice variety MTU 5249 (Vajram) way back in 1986. Developed two rice hybrids for first time in the country in 1993 – APHR1 and APHR 2. Out of 45 mha of rice area in India, ANGRAU rice varieties occupy 14 mha of area, producing 38 mt of production accounting for 33.15% of total rice production in India. By cultivating ANGRAU rice varieties, a revenue of Rs 62317 crores is generated annually in the form of returns accounting for 2.22 percent of India’s Agricultural GVA.
{"title":"ANGRAU’s Contribution to the State and National Rice Baskets","authors":"V. A, Prashanti L, Subbirami Reddy A, Raghunadh Reddy G, Satyanarayana Pv, Srinivas T, R. Bnvsr, S. Lv","doi":"10.58297/wpkw6269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/wpkw6269","url":null,"abstract":"ANGRAU is a pioneer in rice research in India. It has the credit of releasing 123 rice varieties in 58 years of its inception which include 91 HYVs, 30 pure line varieties and 2 hybrids. ANGRAU has the credit of developing first BPH tolerant rice variety MTU 5249 (Vajram) way back in 1986. Developed two rice hybrids for first time in the country in 1993 – APHR1 and APHR 2. Out of 45 mha of rice area in India, ANGRAU rice varieties occupy 14 mha of area, producing 38 mt of production accounting for 33.15% of total rice production in India. By cultivating ANGRAU rice varieties, a revenue of Rs 62317 crores is generated annually in the form of returns accounting for 2.22 percent of India’s Agricultural GVA.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87771169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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