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Missed Nursing Care in a Second-Level Surgical Care Area in Northern Italy: A Descriptive Qualitative Study 意大利北部二级手术护理区的护理遗漏:描述性定性研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.36959/973/444
Decorato Gaia, Tuccio Chiara, Mozzarelli Fabio
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引用次数: 0
Flood-Irrigated Rice Response to Fertilizer-Phosphorus Sources in a Phosphorus-Deficient Silt-Loam Soil 洪水灌溉水稻对缺磷淤泥质土壤中磷肥源的响应
Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.36959/973/442
Omidire Niyi S, B. Kristofor R, Lunga Diego Della, Roberts Trenton L
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant macronutrient that is commonly applied as a fertilizer for optimal crop production. As the global supply of fertilizer-P sources, mainly derived from mined rock phosphate (RP), is decreasing, alternative nutrient sources need to be developed and tested, such a wastewater-recovered struvite-P materials. The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate below-and aboveground rice ( Oryza sativa ) response to various fertilizer-P sources [ i.e., mono-and diammonium phosphate (MAP and DAP, respectively), triple superphosphate (TSP), RP, electrochemically and chemically precipitated struvite (ECST and CPST, respectively), and an unamended control (UC) ] under flood-irrigation in a P-deficient, silt-loam soil. Of the 17 belowground properties evaluated, eight differed ( P < 0.05) among fertilizer-P sources, while three were at least numerically largest from CPST. Of the 17 aboveground properties evaluated, six differed ( P < 0.05) among fertilizer-P sources and all six were at least numerically largest from MAP or DAP. For all 22 rice properties that differed ( P < 0.05) among fertilizer-P-sources, either ECST, CPST, or both had a similar response to TSP, DAP, and/or MAP, while belowground P and calcium (Ca) and grain potassium (K) concentrations from CPST were greater ( P < 0.05) than from TSP, DAP, or MAP. Results demonstrated that struvite-P sources (i.e., ECST and CPST) are a viable, alternative fertilizer-P source, as evidenced by the large frequency of similar rice responses to other commercially available fertilizer-P sources commonly used for flood-irrigated rice production on a silt-loam soil in Arkansas (i.e., TSP, DAP, or MAP).
磷(P)是植物必需的大量营养元素,通常作为肥料施用,以优化作物生产。由于全球肥料磷源(主要来自开采的磷矿石)的供应正在减少,因此需要开发和测试替代营养源,如废水回收的结构磷材料。这项温室研究的目的是评估水稻(Oryza sativa)在缺钾的淤泥质土壤中,在洪水灌溉条件下对各种肥料-磷源(即磷酸一铵(MAP)和磷酸二铵(DAP)、三过磷酸钙(TSP)、RP、电化学沉淀和化学沉淀石英(ECST 和 CPST),以及未加改良的对照(UC))的地下和地上反应。在所评估的 17 种地下特性中,有 8 种在肥料-磷来源之间存在差异(P < 0.05),而有 3 种至少在数值上是 CPST 的最大值。在所评估的 17 种地上部分特性中,有 6 种因肥料-磷来源不同而存在差异(P < 0.05),所有 6 种因 MAP 或 DAP 而至少在数值上最大。对于肥料-磷来源之间存在差异(P < 0.05)的所有 22 种水稻特性,ECST、CPST 或两者与 TSP、DAP 和/或 MAP 的反应相似,而 CPST 的地下磷、钙(Ca)和谷物钾(K)浓度高于 TSP、DAP 或 MAP(P < 0.05)。结果表明,结构磷源(即 ECST 和 CPST)是一种可行的替代性肥料磷源,这一点从水稻对阿肯色州淤泥质土壤上常用于灌溉水稻生产的其他市售肥料磷源(即 TSP、DAP 或 MAP)的大量类似反应中可见一斑。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the Plant's Role in Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Furrow-irrigated Rice 评估植物在沟灌水稻温室气体排放中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.36959/973/443
Brye Jonathan B., Lunga Diego Della, B. Kristofor R, S. Jordan M
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引用次数: 0
Study of the Effect of Sowing Date and Sowing Method on Yield of New Rice Varieties in the Senegal River Valley under Low Temperatures 塞内加尔河流域低温条件下播种日期和播种方法对水稻新品种产量的影响研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.36959/973/445
Kittika Koffi Marchais, Faye Omar Ndaw, Manga Anicet Georges Bruno
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Rice Varieties Under Different Crop Management Options in Rainfed and Drought Prone Ecology of Jharkhand 贾坎德邦旱雨生态不同作物管理方式下水稻品种评价
Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.58297/fthr4599
Verma BC, Saha S, Singh CV, Srivastava AK, Prasad SM, Roy S, Banerjee A, Priyamedha -, Bhagat S, Mandal NP
Rice is the life and livelihood of Indians and the fact is more appropriate to the eastern part of the country. Rainfed and drought prone upland rice contributes a significant part of the total rice cultivation not only in India but also at the global level. However, the productivity is very low as compared to other rice-ecosystems. Hybrids were released from many institutions having several advantages and limitations. Comparative evaluation of rice hybrids and high yielding varieties (HYVs) under transplanting and direct seeding conditions is necessary to obtain a comparative picture. A field trial was conducted for three consecutive years to compare HYVs and popular hybrids under integrated crop management in drought prone rainfed ecology. Results of the experiment revealed that higher number of tillers were noted under wet-direct seeding, whereas increased application of fertilizer dose did not influence tillering under both direct seeding (DSR) and transplanting methods of crop establishment. Number of panicles per unit area also showed similar trend as tiller number and it was found that number of panicles were more in DSR as compared to transplanted rice. Grain yield between the transplanted and DSR is comparable, however, reduction in yield was higher in case of hybrids when switched from transplanted to DSR as compared to HYVs. Hence, it can be concluded that, in the drought prone rainfed areas HYVs should be preferred for cultivation over hybrids under DSR as there is diminishing scope of transplanted rice cultivation.
大米是印度人的生活和生计,这一事实更适合印度东部地区。旱作水稻不仅在印度,而且在全球范围内都占水稻种植总量的很大一部分。然而,与其他水稻生态系统相比,其生产力非常低。许多机构推出的混合动力车具有一些优点和局限性。在移栽和直播条件下对水稻杂交种和高产品种进行比较评价是获得比较概况的必要条件。在干旱易发的雨养生态区,连续3年进行了杂交品种和普通杂交品种综合管理的田间试验。试验结果表明,湿法直播能显著提高分蘖数,而在直播和移栽两种作物建立方式下,施肥量的增加对分蘖没有影响。单位面积的穗数与分蘖数也有相似的变化趋势,并且发现DSR的穗数比移栽水稻多。移栽和DSR之间的籽粒产量相当,但是,与hyv相比,从移栽转DSR的杂交种产量下降幅度更高。因此,在干旱易发的雨养地区,由于移栽水稻的种植范围缩小,在DSR下,hyv比杂交种更适合种植。
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引用次数: 0
NLR 3186: A Long Duration Blast Resistant Rice Culture Suitable for Irrigated Ecology of Andhra Pradesh 适合安得拉邦灌溉生态的长周期抗稻瘟病水稻栽培
Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.58297/dtrp6754
Sreelakshmi Ch, Ramesh Babu P, Krishna Naik R, Vineetha U, Madhusudhan P, Paramasiva I, Harathi PN, Rajasekhar P, Suryanarayana Y
The culture NLR 3186 was derived from a cross of NLR 28523 / Secandro Brazelio (5720-11-1-3-1) through Pedigree method of breeding at Agricultural Research Station, Nellore. It recorded an average yield increase of 19.97% over the check NLR 33892 in the station trials. In Multi Location Trial conducted for 2 years, it recorded 11.26% increase over the checks used for testing MTU 1061.I n 3 years of minikit testing the entry NLR 186 recorded 8.3% higher grain yield than the check varieties tested. In AICRIP trial during 2012-13, it recorded on par with the national check MTU 7029 (4249 kg/ha). It has non-lodging nature, high yielding, nitrogen responsive, with medium green foliage, low shattering and complete exertion of panicle. It was tolerant to leaf blast, neck blast and sheath rot. It has good cooking and chemical quality as it exhibits intermediate and desired values of ASV, gel consistency, good linear elongation ratio and amylase content. It also possesses good head rice recovery with translucent grains which is very much desired for marketing.
培养物NLR 3186是由NLR 28523 / Secandro Brazelio(5720-11-1- 1-1)的杂交品种通过系谱选育而来。与对照NLR 33892相比,该系单产平均提高19.97%。在进行了2年的多地点试验中,它比用于测试MTU 1061的检查增加了11.26%。在3年的小型试验中,入门品种nlr186的籽粒产量比对照品种高8.3%。在2012- 2013年的AICRIP试验中,其记录与国家检查MTU 7029(4249公斤/公顷)相当。植株不倒伏,产量高,对氮素反应灵敏,叶片中绿,碎裂率低,穗部充分发挥。耐叶瘟病、颈瘟病和鞘腐病。ASV、凝胶稠度、线伸长率和淀粉酶含量均达到中等和理想值,具有良好的蒸煮品质和化学品质。它还具有良好的头米回收率,颗粒半透明,非常适合市场。
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引用次数: 0
Screening and Variability Studies in Rice Genotypes for Drought Tolerance and Yield 水稻抗旱性和产量基因型筛选及变异研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-10 DOI: 10.58297/xpqu8083
Sheeba A, Tamil Selvi C, Yogameenakshi P, Bhaskaran M, Banumathy S
In the present investigation, laboratory and field screening of nine rice genotypes, namely, TM 12061, TM 12077, TM 12012, TM 14035, TM 16017, Senthuram, Vandhana, TKM 12 and Anna (R) 4 was taken up to assess their drought tolerance potential. For laboratory screening, the effect of different levels of PEG concentration namely, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -1.0 MPa on germination, shoot length and root length were studied. There was a considerable decrease in the germination potential among all the genotypes with increase in PEG concentration. The culture, TM 12077 showed higher level of tolerance to PEG induced drought stress showing 30.8% germination with 3.2 cm and 8.85 cm shoot and root length, respectively at higher level of PEG concentration (1.0 MPa). In field screening under managed stress condition, the cultures, TM 12077 and TM 12012 showed higher accumulation of proline (4.15 mg/g). Chlorophyll stability index was more than 80% in the genotypes, TM 12012, TM 12077, and TM 12061. The culture TM 14035, the varieties Anna (R) 4 and Vandhana matured early in 115 days. Plant height was found to be moderate in Vandhana (103.3 cm), TM 12077(105.4 cm), TM 12061 (108.2 cm) and TM 12012 (110.5 cm) under managed stress condition. The number of tillers per plant, number of panicles/sqm and yield/hectare were maximum in the culture, TM 12077 under managed stress condition. Based on laboratory and field screening, the cultures TM 12077, TM 12012, and TM 12061 were found promising for water stress environment and can be utilized as donors in the breeding programs for drought tolerance in rice. High heritability coupled with moderate to high GA as per cent of mean was recorded for plant height, tillers per plant, chlorophyll Stability index and total chlorophyll content indicating the presence of additive gene effects and scope for their improvement through direct selection.
本研究对9个水稻基因型(TM 12061、TM 12077、TM 12012、TM 14035、TM 16017、Senthuram、Vandhana、TKM 12和Anna (R) 4)进行了室内和田间筛选,以评价其抗旱潜力。在实验室筛选中,研究了不同PEG浓度(-0.2、-0.4、-0.6和-1.0 MPa)对发芽、茎长和根长的影响。随着PEG浓度的增加,各基因型的萌发势均显著降低。培养物TM 12077对PEG诱导的干旱胁迫表现出较高的耐受性,在较高的PEG浓度(1.0 MPa)下,茎长为3.2 cm、根长为8.85 cm,发芽率为30.8%。在管理胁迫条件下的田间筛选中,培养物TM 12077和TM 12012的脯氨酸积累量较高(4.15 mg/g)。TM 12012、TM 12077和TM 12061基因型叶绿素稳定性指数均在80%以上。培养物TM 14035、品种Anna (R) 4和Vandhana在115天内早熟。在管理胁迫条件下,Vandhana (103.3 cm)、TM 12077(105.4 cm)、TM 12061 (108.2 cm)和TM 12012 (110.5 cm)株高适中。单株分蘖数、穗数/ m2和产量/公顷均以栽培tm12077为最高。通过室内和田间筛选,发现TM 12077、TM 12012和TM 12061具有良好的抗旱性,可作为水稻抗旱性育种的供体。在株高、单株分蘖数、叶绿素稳定性指数和总叶绿素含量方面,均有较高的遗传力和中至高的遗传率,表明存在加性基因效应和通过直接选择对其进行改进的空间。
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引用次数: 0
Water Productivity, Economic Viability and Yield of Rice under Different Rice Establishment Methods 不同建稻方式下水稻水分生产力、经济活力及产量
Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.58297/vfvb6889
Ramesh T, Rathika S, Subramanian E, Vijayakumar S
A field experiment was conducted during the kharif (2013) at Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute (TRRI), Aduthurai to evaluate the productivity and input usage of different rice establishment methods viz., wet direct seeding using drum seeder, dry direct seeding using tractor operated seed drill, and conventional transplanting. Data reveal that dry seeding using a tractor drawn seed drill utilized a lower seed rate of 30 kg/ha compared to wet seeding (37.5 kg/ha) and transplanted rice (60 kg/ha). The plant height and plant population did not exhibit significant variations across the different establishment methods. However, yield attributes like ear bearing tillers (396/m2 ) and filled grains (137/panicle) were significantly higher in transplanted rice. Nonetheless, dry seeded rice recorded a grain yield of 6040 kg/ha which was only 5.5% lower than that of transplanted rice. Notably, dry seeding conserved 32.6% of irrigation water and reduced labour requirement by 48.9% compared to transplanted rice. Moreover, dry seeded rice exhibited higher water productivity (6.40 kg/ha/mm) and a higher benefit cost ratio (2.66) as compared to other establishment methods. Therefore, considering the existing water crisis and labour shortage, the adoption of dry seeding for rice cultivation holds promise as a viable solution for farmers. This method not only addresses the challenges posed by limited water availability and the scarcity of labour but also maintains satisfactory levels of productivity
2013年秋,在泰米尔纳德邦水稻研究所(TRRI)进行了一项田间试验,以评估不同水稻种植方法的生产力和投入使用情况,即使用滚筒播种机进行湿式直接播种,使用拖拉机操作播种机进行干式直接播种和常规移栽。数据显示,与湿播(37.5公斤/公顷)和移栽水稻(60公斤/公顷)相比,使用拖拉机播种机干播的播种率为30公斤/公顷。不同设置方法对株高和种群数量的影响不显著。移栽水稻的实穗分蘖数(396个/m2)和实粒数(137个/穗)显著高于移栽水稻。干播水稻的产量为6040公斤/公顷,仅比移栽水稻低5.5%。值得注意的是,与插秧相比,干播节约了32.6%的灌溉用水,减少了48.9%的劳动力需求。干播水稻的水分生产力为6.40 kg/ha/mm,效益成本比为2.66。因此,考虑到现有的水危机和劳动力短缺,采用旱作播种水稻种植对农民来说是一个可行的解决方案。这种方法不仅解决了水供应有限和劳动力短缺所带来的挑战,而且还保持了令人满意的生产力水平
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引用次数: 0
Estimates of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under Sodic Soil 水稻(Oryza sativa L.)遗传变异性、遗传力及遗传进展评价盐渍土下
Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.58297/wqwi6097
Shiv Prakash Shrivastav, Verma OP, Kanhaiya Lal, Durga Prasad2
The experiment was carried out to evaluate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in rice under the sodic soil condition. Results revealed highly significant variations within parents and hybrids. The five characters viz., number of spikelet’s per panicle, grain per panicle, amylose content, flag leaf area and 1000-grain weight showed high estimates of heritability coupled with high estimates of genetic advance as well as less than one average degree of dominance and predictability ratio nearly one in F1 ’s. This indicated that the inheritance of these five characters was governed by additive gene action and the direct selection for these characters would be rewarding
本试验旨在评价盐碱地条件下水稻的遗传变异、遗传力和遗传进展。结果显示亲本和杂交种之间存在显著差异。每穗小穗数、每穗粒数、直链淀粉含量、旗叶面积和千粒重5个性状均表现出较高的遗传力和较高的遗传进阶,平均显性度小于1,可预测比接近1。这说明这5个性状的遗传受加性基因作用支配,直接选择这些性状是有益的
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引用次数: 0
Parental Polymorphism between Samba Mahsuri and False Smut Tolerant Landraces using SSR and InDel Markers 利用SSR和InDel标记分析桑巴与耐假黑穗病地方品种亲本多态性
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.58297/krlr3434
Preeti -, Lokesha R, Balakrishnan D, Bhaskar M, Gireesh C, Neeraja CN, Singh AK, Nidagundi JM, Diwan JR, Bheemanna M, Suma TC, Prasad MS, Sundaram RM, Ladhalakshmi D
In the present study, 868 SSR and 475 InDel markers were selected to study parental polymorphism of two different crosses between recipient parent Samba Mahsuri and false smut donor linesIC379047 and IC334233 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. Out of 1343 markers used for parental polymorphism, 100 markers were polymorphic between parental lines Samba Mahsuri and landrace IC379047 and the total polymorphism percentage recorded was 7.44%. Ninety-nine markers exhibited polymorphism between parental lines Samba Mahsuri and IC334233 and 7.37% of total polymorphism percentage was recorded between the parents. The identified polymorphic markers could be further used for QTL mapping studies in false smut resistance.
本研究选用868个SSR标记和475个InDel标记,研究了接收亲本Samba Mahsuri与假黑穗病供体ic379047和IC334233的亲本多态性。在1343个亲本多态性标记中,有100个标记在桑巴马苏里亲本系与地方品种IC379047亲本系之间存在多态性,总多态性率为7.44%。亲本间有99个标记存在多态性,占总多态性率的7.37%。所鉴定的多态性标记可进一步用于水稻抗假黑穗病QTL定位研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Rice Research and Developments
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