首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology最新文献

英文 中文
Methods and Mechanisms of Photonic Disinfection. 光子消毒的方法和机理。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.126.016
Daniel B Spicer

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a growing social and economic problem in the United States. A HAI is an infection that develops as a result of medical care and is typically contracted in a hospital, outpatient surgery center, nursing home, rehabilitation facility, or while receiving wound care services. One new tool to fight the increasing threat of HAIs is photonic disinfection (optical light-based disinfection). Photonic disinfection of air, surfaces, and liquids has witnessed rapid adoption within many industries (e.g., drinking water purification, wastewater treatment, indoor air purification) over the past 20 years. More recently, light-based disinfection technologies have started to make their way into hospitals, clinics, and medical centers to aid in the disinfection of air and surfaces. Two photonic disinfection methods of interest are the use of ultraviolet-C wavelengths (200 nm to 280 nm) and blue wavelengths (400 nm to 420 nm). These wavelengths of interest have been proven to be effective disinfection tools and should be put into use to augment traditional infection-prevention techniques.

医疗保健相关感染(HAIs)在美国是一个日益严重的社会和经济问题。HAI是一种因医疗护理而引起的感染,通常在医院、门诊手术中心、疗养院、康复设施或接受伤口护理服务时感染。一种对抗HAIs日益严重威胁的新工具是光子消毒(基于光学光的消毒)。在过去的20年里,空气、表面和液体的光子消毒在许多行业(例如,饮用水净化、废水处理、室内空气净化)中得到了迅速的应用。最近,基于光的消毒技术已经开始进入医院、诊所和医疗中心,以帮助空气和表面的消毒。我们感兴趣的两种光子消毒方法是使用紫外线- c波长(200纳米至280纳米)和蓝色波长(400纳米至420纳米)。这些感兴趣的波长已被证明是有效的消毒工具,应投入使用,以加强传统的感染预防技术。
{"title":"Methods and Mechanisms of Photonic Disinfection.","authors":"Daniel B Spicer","doi":"10.6028/jres.126.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.126.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a growing social and economic problem in the United States. A HAI is an infection that develops as a result of medical care and is typically contracted in a hospital, outpatient surgery center, nursing home, rehabilitation facility, or while receiving wound care services. One new tool to fight the increasing threat of HAIs is photonic disinfection (optical light-based disinfection). Photonic disinfection of air, surfaces, and liquids has witnessed rapid adoption within many industries (e.g., drinking water purification, wastewater treatment, indoor air purification) over the past 20 years. More recently, light-based disinfection technologies have started to make their way into hospitals, clinics, and medical centers to aid in the disinfection of air and surfaces. Two photonic disinfection methods of interest are the use of ultraviolet-C wavelengths (200 nm to 280 nm) and blue wavelengths (400 nm to 420 nm). These wavelengths of interest have been proven to be effective disinfection tools and should be put into use to augment traditional infection-prevention techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"126 ","pages":"126016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9681197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10431080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
The NMR Spectral Measurement Database: A System for Organizing and Accessing NMR Spectra of Therapeutic Proteins. 核磁共振光谱测量数据库:组织和获取治疗蛋白核磁共振光谱的系统。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.126.035
Niksa Blonder, Frank Delaglio
The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectral Measurement Database (NMR-SMDB) was developed for the purpose of organizing and searching NMR spectral data of protein therapeutics, linking spectra to corresponding sample information and enabling quick access to full datasets and entire studies. In addition to supporting internal research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the system could facilitate data access to stakeholders outside of NIST, and future versions of the database software itself could be installed by others for their own data storage and retrieval.
{"title":"The NMR Spectral Measurement Database: A System for Organizing and Accessing NMR Spectra of Therapeutic Proteins.","authors":"Niksa Blonder,&nbsp;Frank Delaglio","doi":"10.6028/jres.126.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.126.035","url":null,"abstract":"The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectral Measurement Database (NMR-SMDB) was\u0000 developed for the purpose of organizing and searching NMR spectral data of protein\u0000 therapeutics, linking spectra to corresponding sample information and enabling quick\u0000 access to full datasets and entire studies. In addition to supporting internal research\u0000 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the system could\u0000 facilitate data access to stakeholders outside of NIST, and future versions of the\u0000 database software itself could be installed by others for their own data storage and\u0000 retrieval.","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"126 ","pages":"126035"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9683039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10431078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dataset from HDX-MS Studies of IgG1 Glycoforms and Their Interactions with the FcγRIa (CD64) Receptor. IgG1糖型及其与FcγRIa (CD64)受体相互作用的研究
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.126.010
Kyle W Anderson, Kerry Scott, Ioannis L Karageorgos, Elyssia S Gallagher, Venkata S Tayi, Michael Butler, Jeffrey W Hudgens
This document presents hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data from measurements of three purified IgG1 glycoform samples, predominantly G0F, G2F, and SAF, in isolation and in complexation with the high-affinity receptor, FcγRIa (CD64). The IgG1 antibody used in this study, aIL8hFc, is a murine-human chimeric IgG1, which inhibits IL-8 binding to human neutrophils.
{"title":"Dataset from HDX-MS Studies of IgG1 Glycoforms and Their Interactions with the FcγRIa (CD64) Receptor.","authors":"Kyle W Anderson,&nbsp;Kerry Scott,&nbsp;Ioannis L Karageorgos,&nbsp;Elyssia S Gallagher,&nbsp;Venkata S Tayi,&nbsp;Michael Butler,&nbsp;Jeffrey W Hudgens","doi":"10.6028/jres.126.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.126.010","url":null,"abstract":"This document presents hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data from measurements of three purified IgG1 glycoform samples, predominantly G0F, G2F, and SAF, in isolation and in complexation with the high-affinity receptor, FcγRIa (CD64). The IgG1 antibody used in this study, aIL8hFc, is a murine-human chimeric IgG1, which inhibits IL-8 binding to human neutrophils.","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"vol ","pages":"126010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9681196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10368123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development of the Advanced Encryption Standard. 高级加密标准的发展。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.126.024
Miles E Smid

Strong cryptographic algorithms are essential for the protection of stored and transmitted data throughout the world. This publication discusses the development of Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS) 197, which specifies a cryptographic algorithm known as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The AES was the result of a cooperative multiyear effort involving the U.S. government, industry, and the academic community. Several difficult problems that had to be resolved during the standard's development are discussed, and the eventual solutions are presented. The author writes from his viewpoint as former leader of the Security Technology Group and later as acting director of the Computer Security Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, where he was responsible for the AES development.

强大的加密算法对于保护世界各地存储和传输的数据至关重要。本出版物讨论了联邦信息处理标准出版物(FIPS) 197的开发,该出版物指定了称为高级加密标准(AES)的加密算法。AES是美国政府、工业界和学术界多年合作努力的结果。讨论了在标准制定过程中必须解决的几个难题,并提出了最终的解决方案。作者从他作为安全技术小组的前任领导和后来作为国家标准与技术研究所计算机安全部门的代理主任的观点出发,在那里他负责AES的开发。
{"title":"Development of the Advanced Encryption Standard.","authors":"Miles E Smid","doi":"10.6028/jres.126.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.126.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strong cryptographic algorithms are essential for the protection of stored and transmitted data throughout the world. This publication discusses the development of Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS) 197, which specifies a cryptographic algorithm known as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The AES was the result of a cooperative multiyear effort involving the U.S. government, industry, and the academic community. Several difficult problems that had to be resolved during the standard's development are discussed, and the eventual solutions are presented. The author writes from his viewpoint as former leader of the Security Technology Group and later as acting director of the Computer Security Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, where he was responsible for the AES development.</p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"126 ","pages":"126024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9682931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10431079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Erratum: Improved First-Principles Calculation of the Third Virial Coeffcient of Helium. 订正:氦的第三维里系数的改进第一性原理计算。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.125.019
Giovanni Garberoglio, Michael R Moldover, Allan H Harvey

[This corrects the article on p. 729 in vol. 116.].

[这是对第116卷第729页的文章的更正]。
{"title":"Erratum: Improved First-Principles Calculation of the Third Virial Coeffcient of Helium.","authors":"Giovanni Garberoglio,&nbsp;Michael R Moldover,&nbsp;Allan H Harvey","doi":"10.6028/jres.125.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.125.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 729 in vol. 116.].</p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"125 ","pages":"125019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.125.019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10374117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Shock Measurements Based on Pendulum Excitation and Laser Doppler Velocimetry: Primary Calibration by SI-Traceable Distance Measurements. 基于钟摆激励和激光多普勒测速的冲击测量:si可追溯距离测量的初步校准。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.125.011
Muhammad Y Afridi, Jon Geist, Michael Gaitan

A new method is described to provide a primary calibration of shock measurements produced by a shock measurement system consisting of pendulum excitation and laser Doppler velocimetry. The method uses the laser Doppler velocimeter to determine the total distance traveled by a rigid block that slides along a Teflon (fluorocarbon) channel after being struck by a pendulum head, and the resulting distance is compared to the distance measured by an SI-traceable length measurement. The instantaneous velocity of the block is measured by the velocimeter and is used to calculate the displacement of the block by integrating the velocity data. The result is compared to the displacement measured using calibrated rulers and calipers. The method was applied to an independently calibrated commercial velocimeter for impact accelerations ranging from 2000 to 30,000 m/s2. The results of the independent mechanical displacement measurements agreed with those from the commercial velocimeter to within ±0.3 %, with better agreement above accelerations of order 10,000 m/s2 to within ±0.1 %. A conservative, upper-bound, uncertainty analysis included the effects of noise and other random errors, as well as type B estimates for systematic errors from occasional momentary demodulation failures (dropouts), use of a different number of rulers before and after shock distance measurement, and the relative frequency response of the velocimeter.

介绍了一种对由摆激和激光多普勒测速组成的冲击测量系统所产生的冲击测量值进行初步标定的新方法。该方法使用激光多普勒测速仪来确定刚性块在被钟摆头撞击后沿着特氟龙(氟碳)通道滑动的总距离,并将所得距离与si可追溯长度测量所测得的距离进行比较。测速仪测量了块体的瞬时速度,并通过对速度数据的积分来计算块体的位移。结果与标定尺和卡尺测量的位移进行了比较。该方法应用于一个独立校准的商用测速仪,其冲击加速度范围为2000至30,000 m/s2。独立的机械位移测量结果与商用测速仪的结果在±0.3%的范围内一致,在10,000 m/s2数量级的加速度上的一致性较好,在±0.1%的范围内。保守的上限不确定性分析包括噪声和其他随机误差的影响,以及偶尔的瞬时解调失败(辍学)引起的系统误差的B型估计,在冲击距离测量之前和之后使用不同数量的标尺,以及测速仪的相对频率响应。
{"title":"Shock Measurements Based on Pendulum Excitation and Laser Doppler Velocimetry: Primary Calibration by SI-Traceable Distance Measurements.","authors":"Muhammad Y Afridi,&nbsp;Jon Geist,&nbsp;Michael Gaitan","doi":"10.6028/jres.125.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.125.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new method is described to provide a primary calibration of shock measurements produced by a shock measurement system consisting of pendulum excitation and laser Doppler velocimetry. The method uses the laser Doppler velocimeter to determine the total distance traveled by a rigid block that slides along a Teflon (fluorocarbon) channel after being struck by a pendulum head, and the resulting distance is compared to the distance measured by an SI-traceable length measurement. The instantaneous velocity of the block is measured by the velocimeter and is used to calculate the displacement of the block by integrating the velocity data. The result is compared to the displacement measured using calibrated rulers and calipers. The method was applied to an independently calibrated commercial velocimeter for impact accelerations ranging from 2000 to 30,000 m/s2. The results of the independent mechanical displacement measurements agreed with those from the commercial velocimeter to within ±0.3 %, with better agreement above accelerations of order 10,000 m/s2 to within ±0.1 %. A conservative, upper-bound, uncertainty analysis included the effects of noise and other random errors, as well as type B estimates for systematic errors from occasional momentary demodulation failures (dropouts), use of a different number of rulers before and after shock distance measurement, and the relative frequency response of the velocimeter.</p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"125 ","pages":"125011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.125.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10619324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design Considerations to Improve Charpy Instrumented Strikers. 改进Charpy仪表打击器的设计考虑。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.125.010
Nicholas Vlajic, Ako Chijioke, Enrico Lucon

Instrumented impact testing allows the applicability of conventional Charpy tests to be extended toward assessing mechanical properties such as dynamic fracture toughness and dynamic tensile properties. In this work, we present design considerations for engineering instrumented strikers for Charpy V-notch impact testing. Specific attention is given to the mechanical and geometric features, as well as the placement of strain gauges and corresponding bridge circuits for instrumentation. These design considerations are intended to make the sensitivity invariant to the location and distribution of impact forces. The concepts presented in this work were applied to an actual instrumented striker, which was then statically calibrated. Data from this calibration indicate that the device has good repeatability, shows a linear response, and is relatively insensitive to impact location.

仪器冲击测试使传统的Charpy测试的适用性扩展到评估机械性能,如动态断裂韧性和动态拉伸性能。在这项工作中,我们提出了用于夏比v型缺口冲击试验的工程仪表冲击器的设计考虑。特别注意的是机械和几何特征,以及应变片和相应的仪表桥电路的放置。这些设计考虑的目的是使灵敏度不受冲击力的位置和分布的影响。在这项工作中提出的概念被应用到一个实际的仪表前锋,然后静态校准。该校准数据表明,该装置具有良好的可重复性,显示线性响应,并且对撞击位置相对不敏感。
{"title":"Design Considerations to Improve Charpy Instrumented Strikers.","authors":"Nicholas Vlajic,&nbsp;Ako Chijioke,&nbsp;Enrico Lucon","doi":"10.6028/jres.125.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.125.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Instrumented impact testing allows the applicability of conventional Charpy tests to be extended toward assessing mechanical properties such as dynamic fracture toughness and dynamic tensile properties. In this work, we present design considerations for engineering instrumented strikers for Charpy V-notch impact testing. Specific attention is given to the mechanical and geometric features, as well as the placement of strain gauges and corresponding bridge circuits for instrumentation. These design considerations are intended to make the sensitivity invariant to the location and distribution of impact forces. The concepts presented in this work were applied to an actual instrumented striker, which was then statically calibrated. Data from this calibration indicate that the device has good repeatability, shows a linear response, and is relatively insensitive to impact location.</p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"125 ","pages":"125010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9704991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10370314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immersion Coefficient for the Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) Radiance Collectors. 海洋光学浮标(MOBY)辐射收集器的浸没系数。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-06-28 DOI: 10.6028/jres.122.031
Michael Feinholz, B Carol Johnson, Kenneth Voss, Mark Yarbrough, Stephanie Flora

The immersion coefficient accounts for the difference in responsivity for a radiometer placed in the air versus water or another medium. In this study, the immersion coefficients for the radiance collectors on the Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) were modeled and measured. The experiment showed that the immersion coefficient for the MOBY radiance collectors agreed with a simple model using only the index of refraction for water and fused silica. With the results of this experiment, we estimate that the uncertainty in the current value of the immersion coefficient used in the MOBY project is 0.05 % (k = 1).

浸没系数说明了放置在空气中的辐射计与放置在水或其他介质中的辐射计的响应性差异。本文对海洋光学浮标(MOBY)上辐射收集器的浸没系数进行了建模和测量。实验表明,MOBY辐射收集器的浸没系数与仅使用水和熔融石英折射率的简单模型相一致。根据本实验结果,我们估计MOBY项目中使用的浸没系数当前值的不确定度为0.05% (k = 1)。
{"title":"Immersion Coefficient for the Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) Radiance Collectors.","authors":"Michael Feinholz,&nbsp;B Carol Johnson,&nbsp;Kenneth Voss,&nbsp;Mark Yarbrough,&nbsp;Stephanie Flora","doi":"10.6028/jres.122.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.122.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immersion coefficient accounts for the difference in responsivity for a radiometer placed in the air versus water or another medium. In this study, the immersion coefficients for the radiance collectors on the Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) were modeled and measured. The experiment showed that the immersion coefficient for the MOBY radiance collectors agreed with a simple model using only the index of refraction for water and fused silica. With the results of this experiment, we estimate that the uncertainty in the current value of the immersion coefficient used in the MOBY project is 0.05 % (<i>k</i> = 1).</p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"122 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.122.031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35315729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
The Importance of Dosimetry Standardization in Radiobiology. 放射生物学中剂量学标准化的重要性。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2013-12-30 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.118.021
Marc Desrosiers, Larry DeWerd, James Deye, Patricia Lindsay, Mark K Murphy, Michael Mitch, Francesca Macchiarini, Strahinja Stojadinovic, Helen Stone

Radiation dose is central to much of radiobiological research. Precision and accuracy of dose measurements and reporting of the measurement details should be sufficient to allow the work to be interpreted and repeated and to allow valid comparisons to be made, both in the same laboratory and by other laboratories. Despite this, a careful reading of published manuscripts suggests that measurement and reporting of radiation dosimetry and setup for radiobiology research is frequently inadequate, thus undermining the reliability and reproducibility of the findings. To address these problems and propose a course of action, the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) brought together representatives of the radiobiology and radiation physics communities in a workshop in September, 2011. The workshop participants arrived at a number of specific recommendations as enumerated in this paper and they expressed the desirability of creating dosimetry standard operating procedures (SOPs) for cell culture and for small and large animal experiments. It was also felt that these SOPs would be most useful if they are made widely available through mechanism(s) such as the web, where they can provide guidance to both radiobiologists and radiation physicists, be cited in publications, and be updated as the field and needs evolve. Other broad areas covered were the need for continuing education through tutorials at national conferences, and for journals to establish standards for reporting dosimetry. This workshop did not address issues of dosimetry for studies involving radiation focused at the sub-cellular level, internally-administered radionuclides, biodosimetry based on biological markers of radiation exposure, or dose reconstruction for epidemiological studies.

辐射剂量是许多放射生物学研究的中心问题。剂量测量的精度和准确性以及测量细节的报告应足以使工作能够解释和重复,并允许在同一实验室和其他实验室进行有效的比较。尽管如此,仔细阅读已发表的手稿表明,辐射剂量学的测量和报告以及放射生物学研究的设置往往不足,从而破坏了研究结果的可靠性和可重复性。为了解决这些问题并提出行动方案,2011年9月,美国国家癌症研究所(NCI)、美国国家过敏和传染病研究所(NIAID)和美国国家标准与技术研究所(NIST)召集了放射生物学和辐射物理学界的代表参加了一次研讨会。研讨会参与者达成了一些具体的建议,如本文所列举的,他们表达了为细胞培养和小型和大型动物实验创建剂量学标准操作程序(sop)的愿望。还有人认为,如果通过诸如网络等机制广泛提供这些标准操作程序,将是最有用的,因为这些标准操作程序可以为放射生物学家和放射物理学家提供指导,在出版物中被引用,并随着领域和需求的发展而更新。所涉及的其他广泛领域包括需要通过在国家会议上的辅导进行继续教育,以及需要期刊建立报告剂量学的标准。这次讲习班没有讨论涉及亚细胞水平辐射研究的剂量学、内部给药放射性核素、基于辐射照射生物标记物的生物剂量学或流行病学研究的剂量重建等问题。
{"title":"The Importance of Dosimetry Standardization in Radiobiology.","authors":"Marc Desrosiers,&nbsp;Larry DeWerd,&nbsp;James Deye,&nbsp;Patricia Lindsay,&nbsp;Mark K Murphy,&nbsp;Michael Mitch,&nbsp;Francesca Macchiarini,&nbsp;Strahinja Stojadinovic,&nbsp;Helen Stone","doi":"10.6028/jres.118.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.118.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation dose is central to much of radiobiological research. Precision and accuracy of dose measurements and reporting of the measurement details should be sufficient to allow the work to be interpreted and repeated and to allow valid comparisons to be made, both in the same laboratory and by other laboratories. Despite this, a careful reading of published manuscripts suggests that measurement and reporting of radiation dosimetry and setup for radiobiology research is frequently inadequate, thus undermining the reliability and reproducibility of the findings. To address these problems and propose a course of action, the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) brought together representatives of the radiobiology and radiation physics communities in a workshop in September, 2011. The workshop participants arrived at a number of specific recommendations as enumerated in this paper and they expressed the desirability of creating dosimetry standard operating procedures (SOPs) for cell culture and for small and large animal experiments. It was also felt that these SOPs would be most useful if they are made widely available through mechanism(s) such as the web, where they can provide guidance to both radiobiologists and radiation physicists, be cited in publications, and be updated as the field and needs evolve. Other broad areas covered were the need for continuing education through tutorials at national conferences, and for journals to establish standards for reporting dosimetry. This workshop did not address issues of dosimetry for studies involving radiation focused at the sub-cellular level, internally-administered radionuclides, biodosimetry based on biological markers of radiation exposure, or dose reconstruction for epidemiological studies. </p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"118 ","pages":"403-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.118.021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34201815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 92
Precise Measurement of Lunar Spectral Irradiance at Visible Wavelengths. 可见光波长下月球光谱辐照度的精确测量。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Pub Date : 2013-10-29 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.118.020
C E Cramer, K R Lykke, J T Woodward, A W Smith

We report a measurement of lunar spectral irradiance with an uncertainty below 1 % from 420 nm to 1000 nm. This measurement uncertainty meets the stability requirement for many climate data records derived from satellite images, including those for vegetation, aerosols, and snow and ice albedo. It therefore opens the possibility of using the Moon as a calibration standard to bridge gaps in satellite coverage and validate atmospheric retrieval algorithms. Our measurement technique also yields detailed information about the atmosphere at the measurement site, suggesting that lunar observations are a possible solution for aerosol monitoring during the polar winter and can provide nighttime measurements to complement aerosol data collected with sun photometers. Our measurement, made with a novel apparatus, is an order of magnitude more accurate than the previous state-of-the-art and has continuous spectral coverage, removing the need to interpolate between filter passbands.

我们报告的月球光谱辐照度测量结果,从 420 纳米到 1000 纳米的不确定性低于 1%。这一测量不确定性满足了从卫星图像中获取的许多气候数据记录的稳定性要求,包括植被、气溶胶和冰雪反照率的数据记录。因此,它为利用月球作为校准标准来弥补卫星覆盖范围的不足和验证大气检索算法提供了可能。我们的测量技术还能获得测量点大气层的详细信息,这表明月球观测是极地冬季气溶胶监测的一种可能的解决方案,并能提供夜间测量数据,补充太阳光度计收集的气溶胶数据。我们的测量采用了一种新型仪器,比以往最先进的仪器精确了一个数量级,并且具有连续的光谱覆盖范围,无需在滤波器通带之间进行插值。
{"title":"Precise Measurement of Lunar Spectral Irradiance at Visible Wavelengths.","authors":"C E Cramer, K R Lykke, J T Woodward, A W Smith","doi":"10.6028/jres.118.020","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.118.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a measurement of lunar spectral irradiance with an uncertainty below 1 % from 420 nm to 1000 nm. This measurement uncertainty meets the stability requirement for many climate data records derived from satellite images, including those for vegetation, aerosols, and snow and ice albedo. It therefore opens the possibility of using the Moon as a calibration standard to bridge gaps in satellite coverage and validate atmospheric retrieval algorithms. Our measurement technique also yields detailed information about the atmosphere at the measurement site, suggesting that lunar observations are a possible solution for aerosol monitoring during the polar winter and can provide nighttime measurements to complement aerosol data collected with sun photometers. Our measurement, made with a novel apparatus, is an order of magnitude more accurate than the previous state-of-the-art and has continuous spectral coverage, removing the need to interpolate between filter passbands. </p>","PeriodicalId":17039,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"118 ","pages":"396-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2013-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4487308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34200338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1