Journal of Surfactants and Detergents最新文献

Concerns about ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) are increasing due to climate change. The effects of UV-R on living organisms depend on exposure duration and intensity, making it crucial to monitor UV-R levels. In this study, we investigated the role of surfactants as photosensitizing or stabilizing agents in a colorimetric sensor based on a polymeric film doped with methyl green dye. The films were synthesized using the casting technique from a filmogenic solution containing either carboxylated polyvinyl alcohol (P1) or hydroxylated polyvinyl alcohol (P2). We evaluated the impact of surfactant structure (dodecylpyridinium chloride, C12; hexadecylpyridinium chloride, C16; or sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) and concentration on the colorimetric response of the films to UV-R. Color changes were monitored using the CIELab system. The results showed that, under UV-R exposure for up to 5 h, films without surfactants did not lose their blue hue (negative b* parameter in CIELab). While SDS stabilized the dye in the polymeric matrix, films containing pyridinium surfactants (C12 or C16) changed color from blue to pale yellow (positive b* parameter in CIELab). The color change, which was modulated by surfactant concentration, was attributed to radical reactions involving the pyridinium surfactants, influenced by their hydrophobicity and the polymer structure. These results represent a significant advancement in colorimetric sensors for UV-R, as they allow for the modulation of the sensor's response time through surfactant concentration in the polymeric film.

Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics has become a massive problem for healthcare systems. This could result in serious consequences for treating bacterial infections, including treatment failure. In turn, drug resistance has promoted the development of more effective antibacterial agents. Niosomes are considered efficient agents for the enhancement of the antibacterial activity of antibiotics. Herein, Coumarin-triazole hybrid (CAT) niosomes were developed and evaluated against extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica (XDR S. enterica). The Cefixime-loaded CAT niosomal vesicle average particle size was 342 ± 3 nm, with a zeta potential −28 ± 2.0 mV. CAT vesicles showed a prominent drug entrapment efficiency of 74% ± 3%. A blood hemolytic assay revealed no hemolysis occurred. CAT vesicle exhibited a reduced cytotoxic effect against NIH/3T3 normal mouse fibroblast cells, at the maximum concentration of 1000 μg/mL. However, the MIC₅₀ empty and Cefixime loaded CAT niosomal vesicles against XDR S. enterica was observed at 250 and 125 μgmL⁻¹, respectively, indicating that Cefixime lowered the MIC₅₀ by two-fold. Topographical atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed that exposure to Cefixime-loaded CAT niosomes efficiently damaged the bacterial cell membrane of XDR S. enterica, resulting in leaking and scattering.

Metal corrosion has hindered the advancement of new technologies. The surfactant as one kind of corrosion inhibitor can effectively restrain metal corrosion in corrosive medium. In this research, two cationic Gemini surfactants, 3,3′-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1-octyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) dibromide ([C₈im-2-C₈im]Br₂) and 3,3′-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(1-octyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) dibromide ([C₈im-4-C₈im]Br₂), have been prepared for the corrosion inhibition of carbon steels in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution. The weight loss measurement demonstrates that two inhibitors both achieve high inhibition efficiencyies at concentration of 0.50 mM for carbon steels in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution. By comparison, the anticorrosion performance of [C₈im-2-C₈im]Br₂ for carbon steel specimens in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution are better than that of [C₈im-4-C₈im]Br₂, and the maximum corrosion efficiency can reach 96.15% at the temperature of 30°C. The determination of adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics parameters reveals that the adsorption behavior of two inhibitors on the steel surface is chemisorption and follows Langmuir isotherm. Good anticorrosion performance of the inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution owes to a dense and compact protective film formed onto the steel surface. It indicates that the proposed cationic Gemini surfactants have great prospect in the corrosion inhibition of metals.

Using cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, maleic anhydride, and sodium bisulfite as main raw materials, a new type of surfactant, sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate anionic–nonionic surfactant was synthesized. The effects of reaction temperature, material ratio, and catalyst dosage on esterification reaction were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiment method, and the reaction conditions of esterification and sulfonation were optimized. Fourier infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance were employed to determine the target product. The surface tension of obtained sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate γ_CMC was measured as 34.54 mM/m, and critical micelle concentration was 1.61 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L. The surface tension of sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate under different pH and salty environments was further tested, and it was found that sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate showed certain resistance to acid-base and salt conditions. The cleaning agent for aluminum was prepared using sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate, exhibiting promising performance characterized by its non-corrosive and environmentally friendly properties.

This work characterized the macroscopic thermodynamic properties of ionic micellar solutions. Formulation-composition studies were done along one dimension by varying the salinity (S) or oil–water ratio (WOR) in mixtures of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium sulfate, water, n-heptane, and 1-pentanol at 25°C and 1 atm. Material balance and multiple regression models were used to get the partial, mixed, and excess molar volumes. The UNIFAC local composition model, coupled with Debye–Hückel theory, was employed to calculate activity coefficients and dimensionless Gibbs energies (partial, mixed, and excess). The equilibrium SOW systems exhibited phase transitions (WI-WIII-WII), with micellar solubilization increasing as salinity increased at constant WOR. Solubilization peaked at the optimal formulation, and further increases in WOR enhanced solubilization up to the formation of a single-phase system. Deviations from ideal behavior, in the thermodynamic properties between aqueous and oil micellar solutions, were mainly due to chemical interaction of solutes ($��\gamma �\ne �1��$) respect to solvents ($��\gamma �\to �1��$). Negative values of the Gibbs energy of mixing confirmed the stability of the liquid phases and their extension to the liquid–liquid equilibrium. The response surfaces V = f(WOR, S) and G^E/RT = f(WOR, S) represent the macroscopic thermodynamic behavior of micellar solutions as a function of physicochemical formulation. These results can be extended to other colloidal systems for the design of formulations with surfactants and anionic salts, oriented to the diagnosis and resolution of problems in real systems, both at laboratory and industrial level.

In a global report on psoriasis, World Health Organization stated that, a significant portion of the global population suffers from psoriasis, a chronic, non-contagious autoimmune, inflammatory skin disorder mediated by T cells with unpredictable relapse. Overall, there is ample evidence to suggest that the treatment of psoriasis with synthetic agents is associated with ample of systemic long term side effects. The present study aims at the use of novel nanosized carriers for plant bio-actives to significantly enhance the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of plant actives and avoid side-effects of synthetic agents. In present study, we have created Quercetin and Ferulic acid loaded micro-emulsion formulations using, oleic acid, Polysorbate 80 and propylene glycol as the oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively. To make topical psoriasis treatment easier, various batches of microemulsions with surfactant: cosurfactant compositions ranging from 31%w/w to 34%w/w were prepared and embedded in a hydrogel system containing gelling agents like sodium alginate and carbapol 940. Numerous parameters, including viscosity, spreadability, globule size, zeta potential, polydispersibility index, refractive index, percent transmittance, conductivity test, etc., were assessed for these developed microemulsions and micro-emulgels (microemulsion loaded hydrogels). The created formulations were found pharmaceutically satisfactory and known to possess good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, the most commonly known pathogen which can be the possible agent to exaggerate the psoriatic symptoms.

Surfactant-assisted soil cleaning has been considered as a promising technology for remediating of dye-contaminated soil, but is significantly impeded by limitations such as the adsorption or precipitation of surfactants in soil. To take the advantage of effective remediation of anionic surfactant and lower adsorption of nonionic surfactant, a remediation system has been developed in this study for soil contaminated with model dyes methyl orange and alizarin red, employing a designed anionic-nonionic surfactant known as sodium nonylcyclohexanol ethoxylates sulfate (NCEO₅S) and a commercial surfactant—sodium alkyl alcohol ethoxylate sulfate (AES). Using simple wash, the elution efficiency on highly-contaminated soil (methyl orange and alizarin red) reached up to 94.34% and 97.66%, respectively, at 25°C in 24 h with 1 wt% of surfactant solution. Electrostatic repulsion noticeably mitigates surfactant adsorption on the soil surface. The low adsorption of surfactants on the eluted soil surface was characterized with SEM-EDS and thermogravimetric analysis. The kinetics of surfactant-enhanced dyes desorption from contaminated soil follow the Elovich equation. The findings will be benefit for developing eco-friendly surfactant systems to clean-up dyes-contaminated soils while minimizing surfactant adsorption.

This study investigates the influence of glucose in inducing the micellar growth/transition in several structurally diverse, longer, and shorter chain polyoxyethylene (POE)-based nonionic surfactants, commercially known as Kolliphor® HS15 (Solutol), Kolliphor EL®, Akypo®, Brij®-78, Pluronic® (P103 and F77), Tetronic® (T1304), and Tyloxapol® in aqueous solution environment. It was observed that the addition of glucose induces dehydration of the POE moieties or chains in the tested systems, thereby enhancing the inter-micellar interactions via hydrogen bonding in the hydrophilic part of the selected surfactants. This dehydration leads to an interesting clouding behavior across all the studied surfactant systems. Also, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique accounted for the probable self-assembly and micellar growth in water and 1 M glucose (fix) across various temperatures. Being pharmaceutical excipients, these micellar entities were successfully employed to assay the hydrophobic anticancer drug curcumin (Cur) solubilized, as confirmed by the peak intensity variation from UV–visible spectroscopy. Cur solubilization into glucose-containing micelles revealed enhanced solubility expressed in terms of drug loading efficiency (DL%), encapsulation efficiency (EE%), partition coefficient (log P), and standard free energy of solubilization (ΔG°), which is due to the glucose-induced hydrophobicity in the examined nonionic micellar systems.

This study investigates the use of rheology to detect phase inversion in surfactant–oil–water (SOW) systems, offering a rapid method for identifying “optimal formulations.” Phase inversion through temperature or salinity variation provides a faster alternative compared with equilibrium scans. Using well-defined polyethoxylated surfactants (C₈EO₃, C₁₀EO₄, C₁₂EO₅), phase inversion was monitored through viscosity measurements at a constant shear rate, with temperature as formulation variable. Emulsion viscosity reaches a minimum at the phase inversion point, which corresponds to an ultra-low interfacial tension condition. A strong correlation between the reported fish-tail temperature (T*) and the phase inversion temperature (PIT) was observed. While identifying optimal conditions through a formulation scan in a series of test tubes is relatively quick, evaluating the surfactant system's ability to reduce interfacial tension can take several weeks due to the requirement of equilibrium. Formulation conditions at which minimal emulsion viscosity occurs are related to those where three-phase systems are obtained, with the magnitude of interfacial tension inversely proportional to this value. An empirical approach linking the emulsion destabilization zone with the interfacial tensions is proposed. By measuring this interval, it is possible to roughly predict interfacial tension for model systems.