This article presents a detailed analysis of parameters that affect the optical performance of parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) and proposes a suitable method to optimize the relevant ones. A mathematical model is drafted and simulated for known geometry and parameters of industrial solar technology (IST) PTSC. The model was evaluated for three different configurations of IST PTSC involving distinct components. A comparison between the experimental results and model estimations indicates a maximum root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.7997, confirming the reliability of the proposed model. The influence of variations in absorber diameter (Dao), length (lrc), width (wrc), and focal length of PTSC (frc), along with direct normal incidence (In), dirt factors (ξdm,ξdhc) and angle of incidence (θ) on the optical performance of PTSC has been investigated. It was established that variation in mentioned parameters exhibits both positive and negative impacts on optical performance. After careful analysis, lrc, wrc, frc, Dao and θ were chosen for optimization as it was perceived that by varying these in a reasonable range, an optimal set of parameters could be obtained that maximize the absorbed solar irradiation for a given PTSC. Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) are utilized to estimate the optimal values of parameters. Significant improvement in absorbed solar irradiation (~16%) is registered with optimized parameters, suggesting that benefits can be obtained if a study is performed prior to producing PTSC modules for an application.
{"title":"Analysis and optimization of parabolic trough solar collector to improve its optical performance","authors":"A. Goel, R. Mahadeva, G. Manik","doi":"10.1115/1.4055995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055995","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents a detailed analysis of parameters that affect the optical performance of parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) and proposes a suitable method to optimize the relevant ones. A mathematical model is drafted and simulated for known geometry and parameters of industrial solar technology (IST) PTSC. The model was evaluated for three different configurations of IST PTSC involving distinct components. A comparison between the experimental results and model estimations indicates a maximum root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.7997, confirming the reliability of the proposed model. The influence of variations in absorber diameter (Dao), length (lrc), width (wrc), and focal length of PTSC (frc), along with direct normal incidence (In), dirt factors (ξdm,ξdhc) and angle of incidence (θ) on the optical performance of PTSC has been investigated. It was established that variation in mentioned parameters exhibits both positive and negative impacts on optical performance. After careful analysis, lrc, wrc, frc, Dao and θ were chosen for optimization as it was perceived that by varying these in a reasonable range, an optimal set of parameters could be obtained that maximize the absorbed solar irradiation for a given PTSC. Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) are utilized to estimate the optimal values of parameters. Significant improvement in absorbed solar irradiation (~16%) is registered with optimized parameters, suggesting that benefits can be obtained if a study is performed prior to producing PTSC modules for an application.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46129108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inspired by the polyp leaf of the Orange sea-pen (Ptilosarcus gurneyi), a novel blade shape of the Savonius vertical-axis wind rotor is developed. The similarities between the aerodynamic and the hydrodynamic aspects of the Savonius rotor blade profile and the sea-pen leaf are reviewed, and an appropriate analogy is thereby established. The shape of the sea-pen leaf is then extracted to fabricate the rotor blades. The performance of this sea-pen bladed rotor is evaluated in a low-speed subsonic wind tunnel at different wind velocities. The two-dimensional (2D) numerical analysis is also performed to support the experimental findings and to study the influence of blade shape on the pressure and the torque distributions of the rotor. The novel sea-pen bladed rotor, having lesser material requirements, is seen to demonstrate higher performance than that of the conventional semicircular bladed rotor in the tested range of low tip-speed ratio.
{"title":"Evolving a Bio-Inspired Blade Shape of the Drag-based Vertical-axis Wind Rotor Derived from Orange Sea-pen (Ptilosarcus Gurneyi)","authors":"Umang H. Rathod, V. Kulkarni, U. Saha","doi":"10.1115/1.4055914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055914","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Inspired by the polyp leaf of the Orange sea-pen (Ptilosarcus gurneyi), a novel blade shape of the Savonius vertical-axis wind rotor is developed. The similarities between the aerodynamic and the hydrodynamic aspects of the Savonius rotor blade profile and the sea-pen leaf are reviewed, and an appropriate analogy is thereby established. The shape of the sea-pen leaf is then extracted to fabricate the rotor blades. The performance of this sea-pen bladed rotor is evaluated in a low-speed subsonic wind tunnel at different wind velocities. The two-dimensional (2D) numerical analysis is also performed to support the experimental findings and to study the influence of blade shape on the pressure and the torque distributions of the rotor. The novel sea-pen bladed rotor, having lesser material requirements, is seen to demonstrate higher performance than that of the conventional semicircular bladed rotor in the tested range of low tip-speed ratio.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41548740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laminar sub-layer formation in a smooth solar air heater (SAH) is one of the reasons for the low heat transfer coefficient. One of the most effective ways to overcome the problem and improve the heat transfer rate inside the SAH is to use artificial roughness in the form of ribs. The present investigation studies the consequence of inverted T-shaped ribs on the absorber plate of a CSAH. The absorber plate is exposed to a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m2 and is made up of aluminium. The investigation is done on the effect of Reynolds number (Re), relative roughness pitch (P/e), and relative roughness height (e/Dh) on entropy generation, fluid flow, and heat transfer characteristics of the system. A 2D fluid domain has been considered for the numerical analysis, and FVM is used to solve the equations of continuity, momentum, and energy. The governing equations are solved using the SST k-omega model. Thermo-hydraulic performance parameter (THPP) is also calculated using Nu(avg_r) and f(avg_r), which further helped to determine the optimal arrangement of inverted T-shaped ribs on the absorber plate of the SAH. The maximum THPP of 4.7744 is found for P/e = 7.143 at Re = 18000. Correlation for Nu(avg_r) and f(avg_r) as a function of Re and P/e is developed. Entropy generation per unit length due to fluid friction and heat transfer has been graphically represented.
{"title":"Numerical investigation of heat transfer augmentation of a curved solar air heater with inverted T-shaped ribs","authors":"Harsh Katoch, S. Rathore, Chinmaya Mund","doi":"10.1115/1.4055913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055913","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Laminar sub-layer formation in a smooth solar air heater (SAH) is one of the reasons for the low heat transfer coefficient. One of the most effective ways to overcome the problem and improve the heat transfer rate inside the SAH is to use artificial roughness in the form of ribs. The present investigation studies the consequence of inverted T-shaped ribs on the absorber plate of a CSAH. The absorber plate is exposed to a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m2 and is made up of aluminium. The investigation is done on the effect of Reynolds number (Re), relative roughness pitch (P/e), and relative roughness height (e/Dh) on entropy generation, fluid flow, and heat transfer characteristics of the system. A 2D fluid domain has been considered for the numerical analysis, and FVM is used to solve the equations of continuity, momentum, and energy. The governing equations are solved using the SST k-omega model. Thermo-hydraulic performance parameter (THPP) is also calculated using Nu(avg_r) and f(avg_r), which further helped to determine the optimal arrangement of inverted T-shaped ribs on the absorber plate of the SAH. The maximum THPP of 4.7744 is found for P/e = 7.143 at Re = 18000. Correlation for Nu(avg_r) and f(avg_r) as a function of Re and P/e is developed. Entropy generation per unit length due to fluid friction and heat transfer has been graphically represented.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42443824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daylight data are required for energy-efficient building designs. However, daylight is scarcely measured, making the luminous efficacy model an alternative. This paper presents a method for modeling vertical luminous efficacy (Kvg) using measured data from measuring stations in Hong Kong. The artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machines (SVM) and empirical correlations were proposed for modeling Kvg. Machine learning (ML) models like ANN and SVM were used because they offer more accurate daylight predictions and ease in explaining complex relationships between atmospheric variables. Also, ML was explored since it has not been used in prior vertical luminous efficacy studies. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to determine the relative importance of input variables used for developing the proposed models. Findings show that scattering angle and diffuse fraction are crucial variables in vertical luminous efficacy modeling. Furthermore, the analysis showed that all proposed models could offer vertical daylight predictions at a relative root mean square error of less than 20%. Finally, it was observed that the ANN models outperformed the SVM and empirical models.
{"title":"PREDICTING VERTICAL DAYLIGHT ILLUMINANCE DATA FROM MEASURED SOLAR IRRADIANCE: A MACHINE LEARNING-BASED LUMINOUS EFFICACY APPROACH","authors":"D. Li, E. Aghimien","doi":"10.1115/1.4055915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055915","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Daylight data are required for energy-efficient building designs. However, daylight is scarcely measured, making the luminous efficacy model an alternative. This paper presents a method for modeling vertical luminous efficacy (Kvg) using measured data from measuring stations in Hong Kong. The artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machines (SVM) and empirical correlations were proposed for modeling Kvg. Machine learning (ML) models like ANN and SVM were used because they offer more accurate daylight predictions and ease in explaining complex relationships between atmospheric variables. Also, ML was explored since it has not been used in prior vertical luminous efficacy studies. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to determine the relative importance of input variables used for developing the proposed models. Findings show that scattering angle and diffuse fraction are crucial variables in vertical luminous efficacy modeling. Furthermore, the analysis showed that all proposed models could offer vertical daylight predictions at a relative root mean square error of less than 20%. Finally, it was observed that the ANN models outperformed the SVM and empirical models.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48325262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karima Smaili, N. Kasbadji Merzouk, M. Merzouk, R. Boukenoui
The essential aim of this study is to estimate the daily utilizability and useful energy of a flat plate solar collector in Algeria for different climatic zones. For this purpose, a program based on the Klein's method was developed to estimate the daily utilizability and the useful energy characterized by the optical efficiency and the global loss coefficient that equal to 0.72 and 7.9 W/m2K, respectively. The seasonal potentials of the whole studied zones are represented by geographical maps, then, a parametric study is performed to see the influence of the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the optical efficiency and the global coefficient losses on the average utilizability per month for each site. Subsequently, the utilizability variations considering different sites and during various months are analyzed in terms of the average temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the optical efficiency and the coefficient of global losses. The results show that the usable potential produced by this type of solar collector is 1500-1700 MJ/m2 in climatic zones E5 (Tanegrouft), E4 (Sahara) and E3 (Pre-Sahara), and is 1300 MJ/m2 in climatic zones E2 (Highlands) and E1 (Coastal) during the summer season. While for the winter season, the usable potential is 500-700 MJ/m2 in climatic zones E1 and E2, and 700-900 MJ/m2 in E3, E4 and E5, which can be considered as the most favorable zones for the conversion of the available solar energy into thermal one through the flat plate solar collector. The study of the effect on the system performance considering usability has shown that the effects of the overall loss coefficient are more significant compared to optical efficiency.
{"title":"Estimation of the Daily Utilizability of a Flat Plate Solar Collector for different Climatic Zones in Algeria","authors":"Karima Smaili, N. Kasbadji Merzouk, M. Merzouk, R. Boukenoui","doi":"10.1115/1.4055844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055844","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The essential aim of this study is to estimate the daily utilizability and useful energy of a flat plate solar collector in Algeria for different climatic zones. For this purpose, a program based on the Klein's method was developed to estimate the daily utilizability and the useful energy characterized by the optical efficiency and the global loss coefficient that equal to 0.72 and 7.9 W/m2K, respectively. The seasonal potentials of the whole studied zones are represented by geographical maps, then, a parametric study is performed to see the influence of the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the optical efficiency and the global coefficient losses on the average utilizability per month for each site. Subsequently, the utilizability variations considering different sites and during various months are analyzed in terms of the average temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the optical efficiency and the coefficient of global losses. The results show that the usable potential produced by this type of solar collector is 1500-1700 MJ/m2 in climatic zones E5 (Tanegrouft), E4 (Sahara) and E3 (Pre-Sahara), and is 1300 MJ/m2 in climatic zones E2 (Highlands) and E1 (Coastal) during the summer season. While for the winter season, the usable potential is 500-700 MJ/m2 in climatic zones E1 and E2, and 700-900 MJ/m2 in E3, E4 and E5, which can be considered as the most favorable zones for the conversion of the available solar energy into thermal one through the flat plate solar collector. The study of the effect on the system performance considering usability has shown that the effects of the overall loss coefficient are more significant compared to optical efficiency.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46102312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jesus D. Ortega, C. Ho, G. Anaya, P. Vorobieff, G. Mohan
The direct measurement of particle temperatures in particle-laden flows presents a unique challenge to thermometry due to the flow's transient and stochastic nature. Previous attempts to measure the bulk particle temperature of a dilute particle plume or particle curtain using intrusive and non-intrusive methods have been mildly successful. In this work, a non-intrusive method using a high-speed IR camera and a visible-light camera to yield an indirect particle temperature measurement technique is developed and tested. The image sequences obtained from the IR camera allow for the calculation of the apparent particle temperature, while the visible-light image sets allow for the calculation of the plume opacity as a function of flow discharge position. To extract the true particle temperature, a post-processing algorithm based on Planck's radiation theory was developed. The results were validated through a series of lab-scale tests at the University of New Mexico using a test rig capable of generating particle curtains at various temperatures. The temperature profiles extracted from the methodology presented were compared to the temperature data measured using the methodology outlined in this work yielding agreement of the bulk particle temperature of the plume within 10% error. The methods described here will be developed further to estimate the heat losses from the falling particle receiver at Sandia National Laboratories.
{"title":"A Non-Intrusive Particle Temperature Extraction Methodology using IR and Visible-Image Sequences for High-Temperature Particle Plumes","authors":"Jesus D. Ortega, C. Ho, G. Anaya, P. Vorobieff, G. Mohan","doi":"10.1115/1.4055703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055703","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The direct measurement of particle temperatures in particle-laden flows presents a unique challenge to thermometry due to the flow's transient and stochastic nature. Previous attempts to measure the bulk particle temperature of a dilute particle plume or particle curtain using intrusive and non-intrusive methods have been mildly successful. In this work, a non-intrusive method using a high-speed IR camera and a visible-light camera to yield an indirect particle temperature measurement technique is developed and tested. The image sequences obtained from the IR camera allow for the calculation of the apparent particle temperature, while the visible-light image sets allow for the calculation of the plume opacity as a function of flow discharge position. To extract the true particle temperature, a post-processing algorithm based on Planck's radiation theory was developed. The results were validated through a series of lab-scale tests at the University of New Mexico using a test rig capable of generating particle curtains at various temperatures. The temperature profiles extracted from the methodology presented were compared to the temperature data measured using the methodology outlined in this work yielding agreement of the bulk particle temperature of the plume within 10% error. The methods described here will be developed further to estimate the heat losses from the falling particle receiver at Sandia National Laboratories.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46619886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moucun Yang, Limin Zhi, Hua Liu, Yuezhao Zhu, R. Taylor
Large-scale parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) are generally installed in flat, open areas. Their specific costs are dependent on wind load-based structural design factors. To help estimate these wind loads, validated numerical simulations were used to develop similarity relations for large-scale PTCs. First, similarity relations were deduced between a full-sized model and a scaled-down experimental similarity model. Second, the wind loads on the similarity model were simulated with a computational model to analyze the pressure distributions and aerodynamic performance under different wind speeds and pitch angles. Third, the computational method was extended to compute wind loads on a LS-2 collector. The numerical results had a close agreement with the experiment results on the whole, achieving a mean relative error in the drag coefficients of 5.1%, 3.8% in the lift coefficients and 5.0% in the moment coefficients, which indicated that the simulation model was valid. Further, comparing with the other turbulence model, the k–e turbulence model has a better accuracy. Finally, practical similarity equations were proposed which can be used to estimate the wind loads on a range of PTC designs in a wide range of conditions. The mean relative error of these practical similarity equations was found to be within 12.0%. Overall, this study reports a validated set of similarity equations which can be used to bypass costly numerical simulation and/or wind tunnel testing for the estimation of wind loads on the large-scale PTCs installed in flat, open areas.
{"title":"Wind load similarity relations for parabolic trough collectors","authors":"Moucun Yang, Limin Zhi, Hua Liu, Yuezhao Zhu, R. Taylor","doi":"10.1115/1.4055602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055602","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Large-scale parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) are generally installed in flat, open areas. Their specific costs are dependent on wind load-based structural design factors. To help estimate these wind loads, validated numerical simulations were used to develop similarity relations for large-scale PTCs. First, similarity relations were deduced between a full-sized model and a scaled-down experimental similarity model. Second, the wind loads on the similarity model were simulated with a computational model to analyze the pressure distributions and aerodynamic performance under different wind speeds and pitch angles. Third, the computational method was extended to compute wind loads on a LS-2 collector. The numerical results had a close agreement with the experiment results on the whole, achieving a mean relative error in the drag coefficients of 5.1%, 3.8% in the lift coefficients and 5.0% in the moment coefficients, which indicated that the simulation model was valid. Further, comparing with the other turbulence model, the k–e turbulence model has a better accuracy. Finally, practical similarity equations were proposed which can be used to estimate the wind loads on a range of PTC designs in a wide range of conditions. The mean relative error of these practical similarity equations was found to be within 12.0%. Overall, this study reports a validated set of similarity equations which can be used to bypass costly numerical simulation and/or wind tunnel testing for the estimation of wind loads on the large-scale PTCs installed in flat, open areas.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45146302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The behavior of a retired lithium-ion battery (LIB) from its first-life in an electric aircraft (EA) for its second-life in a solar photovoltaic (PV) system for a net-zero electricity residential home is studied. The first part of this study presents the design and sizing a battery energy storage system (BESS), made from retired LIBs, to store a portion of the PV generation for a typical home in Ohio. The home is connected to the grid, but the net electricity usage from the grid in one year is zero. The purpose of the BESS is to peak shaving, power arbitrage, reducing the home dependency to grid, and increasing the economic benefits. The sizing is determined based on the hourly data of the PV system generation, ambient temperature, irradiation, and home demand electricity. In the second part of this study, the retired LIB degradation rate and its remaining useful life in the BESS are estimated using an adopted empirical LIB model. The model includes the capacity-fade for both first-life and second-life of the LIB under various duty cycles. It is shown that the retired LIB from its first-life is still suitable to be used in the PV grid-tied battery (PVGB) system for another 10 years. The results of this study can potentially reduce the LIB cost for EVs and EAs because the retired LIBs from these applications still have value to serve for other applications such as PVGB system for residential homes.
{"title":"Study on Integration of Retired Lithium-Ion Battery with Photovoltaic for Net-Zero Electricity Residential Homes","authors":"Muapper Alhadri, Waleed Zakri, Siamak Farhad","doi":"10.1115/1.4055554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055554","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The behavior of a retired lithium-ion battery (LIB) from its first-life in an electric aircraft (EA) for its second-life in a solar photovoltaic (PV) system for a net-zero electricity residential home is studied. The first part of this study presents the design and sizing a battery energy storage system (BESS), made from retired LIBs, to store a portion of the PV generation for a typical home in Ohio. The home is connected to the grid, but the net electricity usage from the grid in one year is zero. The purpose of the BESS is to peak shaving, power arbitrage, reducing the home dependency to grid, and increasing the economic benefits. The sizing is determined based on the hourly data of the PV system generation, ambient temperature, irradiation, and home demand electricity. In the second part of this study, the retired LIB degradation rate and its remaining useful life in the BESS are estimated using an adopted empirical LIB model. The model includes the capacity-fade for both first-life and second-life of the LIB under various duty cycles. It is shown that the retired LIB from its first-life is still suitable to be used in the PV grid-tied battery (PVGB) system for another 10 years. The results of this study can potentially reduce the LIB cost for EVs and EAs because the retired LIBs from these applications still have value to serve for other applications such as PVGB system for residential homes.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49068136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An effort is made to study the performance of a solar air heater having the absorber surface roughened by providing staggered, twisted V-shaped ribs roughness. Liquid crystal thermography technique is applied to get the Nu distribution over the surface. Experimentation is done for Reynolds number ranges from 3000 to 21000, relative roughness to pitch ratio (P/e) from 7 to 11 and relative staggered distance (d/e) of 2 to 6, for fixed angle of attack (a), relative twist length (y/e), relative roughness length (S/e). It is found that maximum Nusselt number and friction factor augmentation is of 3.43 and 2.57 times than that of smooth duct. The maximum thermo-hydraulic performance (THP) value obtained is of 2.69 for the P/e of 9 and d/e of 4. It can be inferred that staggered twisted V-shaped rib roughness helps to get the enhanced Nu with minimum friction penalty.
{"title":"Heat Transfer Augmentation of a Solar Air Heater Using a Twisted V-Shaped Staggered Rib Over the Absorber Plate","authors":"D. Kumar, A. Layek","doi":"10.1115/1.4055404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055404","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An effort is made to study the performance of a solar air heater having the absorber surface roughened by providing staggered, twisted V-shaped ribs roughness. Liquid crystal thermography technique is applied to get the Nu distribution over the surface. Experimentation is done for Reynolds number ranges from 3000 to 21000, relative roughness to pitch ratio (P/e) from 7 to 11 and relative staggered distance (d/e) of 2 to 6, for fixed angle of attack (a), relative twist length (y/e), relative roughness length (S/e). It is found that maximum Nusselt number and friction factor augmentation is of 3.43 and 2.57 times than that of smooth duct. The maximum thermo-hydraulic performance (THP) value obtained is of 2.69 for the P/e of 9 and d/e of 4. It can be inferred that staggered twisted V-shaped rib roughness helps to get the enhanced Nu with minimum friction penalty.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44452832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present research, an investigational study on thermal performance of a mixed asphalt conical solar water heater (MACSWH) was analyzed under field conditions. The key target of the present research is to evaluate the dynamics of heat and performance of a conical solar collector with an attached mixed asphalt as an absorber plate. In the current experimental test setup, the mixed asphalt as an absorber plate with a diameter of 0.20 m and thickness of 0.05 m was set in the middle of the focal area for accumulating the solar radiation, reflecting from a polished zinc conical reflector. The aperture diameter of the MACSWH was 0.45 m with a concentration ratio of 2.20. The copper pipe had a total length of 2 m, and the inclination angle of the conical was fixed at 15°. The experimental results provide evidence that the mixed asphalt set as an absorber plate at the center of the focal area was an effective practical approach to improve the performance of a conical solar collector. This method raises the maximum percentage difference between inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature by approximately 47.27%, while the maximum temperatures of absorber plate, copper pipe, and efficacy are at 82°C, 62°C, and 72% respectively.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on the Thermal Performance of a Conical Solar Water Heater using Mixed Asphalt Absorber Plate","authors":"T. Phengpom, Jirasak Pukdum","doi":"10.1115/1.4055403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055403","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the present research, an investigational study on thermal performance of a mixed asphalt conical solar water heater (MACSWH) was analyzed under field conditions. The key target of the present research is to evaluate the dynamics of heat and performance of a conical solar collector with an attached mixed asphalt as an absorber plate. In the current experimental test setup, the mixed asphalt as an absorber plate with a diameter of 0.20 m and thickness of 0.05 m was set in the middle of the focal area for accumulating the solar radiation, reflecting from a polished zinc conical reflector. The aperture diameter of the MACSWH was 0.45 m with a concentration ratio of 2.20. The copper pipe had a total length of 2 m, and the inclination angle of the conical was fixed at 15°. The experimental results provide evidence that the mixed asphalt set as an absorber plate at the center of the focal area was an effective practical approach to improve the performance of a conical solar collector. This method raises the maximum percentage difference between inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature by approximately 47.27%, while the maximum temperatures of absorber plate, copper pipe, and efficacy are at 82°C, 62°C, and 72% respectively.","PeriodicalId":17124,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering-transactions of The Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43738817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：