Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119626
Yongbu Jin, Dong Wang, Di Yuan, Yihan Du, Qiang Wan
A non-invasive methodology for analyzing the nonlinear dynamic response of compressible constrained layer damping (CCLD) is developed within a finite element framework. The key to the proposed method lies in replacing the joint with a novel frequency- and load-dependent virtual material model and extracting model parameters using geometry-independent mapping equations. The CCLD’s frequency response is strongly influenced by the excitation level and design parameters. These effects are tested and simulated on a structure designated as "Pre-tighten Shear". In the experimental section, the effects of excitation, compression level, and silicone foam thickness on the nonlinear behavior of the CCLD over a wide frequency range are investigated. In the numerical simulation, a proposed finite element–based model is employed to analyze the structure. The validity of the method was verified through experimental comparisons, with the MSE not exceeding 4E-03. In addition, the results show that the use of mapping equations offers higher computational efficiency than the classical approach, achieving faster parameter updates at a rate of >60%. A comparison between the simulation and experimental results indicates that interface sliding reduces the stiffness of the joints, with a maximum change in joint damping of about 65%.
{"title":"Nonlinear vibration analysis of compressible constrained layer damping using a frequency- and load-dependent virtual material","authors":"Yongbu Jin, Dong Wang, Di Yuan, Yihan Du, Qiang Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A non-invasive methodology for analyzing the nonlinear dynamic response of compressible constrained layer damping (CCLD) is developed within a finite element framework. The key to the proposed method lies in replacing the joint with a novel frequency- and load-dependent virtual material model and extracting model parameters using geometry-independent mapping equations. The CCLD’s frequency response is strongly influenced by the excitation level and design parameters. These effects are tested and simulated on a structure designated as \"Pre-tighten Shear\". In the experimental section, the effects of excitation, compression level, and silicone foam thickness on the nonlinear behavior of the CCLD over a wide frequency range are investigated. In the numerical simulation, a proposed finite element–based model is employed to analyze the structure. The validity of the method was verified through experimental comparisons, with the MSE not exceeding 4E-03. In addition, the results show that the use of mapping equations offers higher computational efficiency than the classical approach, achieving faster parameter updates at a rate of >60%. A comparison between the simulation and experimental results indicates that interface sliding reduces the stiffness of the joints, with a maximum change in joint damping of about 65%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2026-01-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119636
Julio A. Hernandez , Fabio Semperlotti , Hongfei Zhu , Tyler N. Tallman
Self-sensing via the piezoresistive effect (i.e., having deformation-dependent electrical conductivity) has been widely explored in diverse applications. However, the overwhelming body of literature focuses on static or quasi-static loading, limiting the utility of self-sensing technologies in real-world applications where dynamic loading is prevalent. Moreover, while prior research often reports piezoresistive responses as relative changes in resistance or resistivity, end-users would much rather have direct insight into the underlying mechanical state (i.e., stress or strain) that gives rise to the observed piezoresistive response. This manuscript addresses these gaps by demonstrating 1) self-sensing principles can be used to track transient high-frequency strain wave packets and 2) mechanics such as dynamic strains and material-level properties (i.e., damping coefficients) can be deduced from electrical data. We demonstrate these contributions using carbon nanofiber (CNF)-modified epoxy rods subjected to dynamic end-loading while simultaneously recording electrical resistance data from a distributed surface-mounted electrode network along the rod’s length. A piezoresistivity model was then used to deduce strains from electrical measurements, and Rayleigh damping model parameters were extracted from this data. The piezoresistivity data-derived dynamics showed good agreement with finite element simulations, validating our approach to accurately extract the underlying dynamic mechanical state. These results show that it is indeed possible to quantify the mechanical state of a material from electrical data, thereby opening up exciting new possibilities for self-sensing in highly dynamic applications.
{"title":"Inverse quantification of dynamic strains and damping parameters via piezoresistive inversion in self-sensing materials","authors":"Julio A. Hernandez , Fabio Semperlotti , Hongfei Zhu , Tyler N. Tallman","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-sensing via the piezoresistive effect (i.e., having deformation-dependent electrical conductivity) has been widely explored in diverse applications. However, the overwhelming body of literature focuses on static or quasi-static loading, limiting the utility of self-sensing technologies in real-world applications where dynamic loading is prevalent. Moreover, while prior research often reports piezoresistive responses as relative changes in resistance or resistivity, end-users would much rather have direct insight into the underlying mechanical state (i.e., stress or strain) that gives rise to the observed piezoresistive response. This manuscript addresses these gaps by demonstrating 1) self-sensing principles can be used to track transient high-frequency strain wave packets and 2) mechanics such as dynamic strains and material-level properties (i.e., damping coefficients) can be deduced from electrical data. We demonstrate these contributions using carbon nanofiber (CNF)-modified epoxy rods subjected to dynamic end-loading while simultaneously recording electrical resistance data from a distributed surface-mounted electrode network along the rod’s length. A piezoresistivity model was then used to deduce strains from electrical measurements, and Rayleigh damping model parameters were extracted from this data. The piezoresistivity data-derived dynamics showed good agreement with finite element simulations, validating our approach to accurately extract the underlying dynamic mechanical state. These results show that it is indeed possible to quantify the mechanical state of a material from electrical data, thereby opening up exciting new possibilities for self-sensing in highly dynamic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119640
Gianfranco deM. Stieven , Carlos F.T. Matt , Liviu Nicu , Carolina P. Naveira-Cotta , Renato M. Cotta
A comprehensive hybrid analytical-numerical solution is presented for a viscoelastic cantilever Euler-Bernoulli beam with an eccentric damped tip mass, subjected to external excitation, viscous damping, and an arbitrary base motion that undergoes translation and small rotation. The solution is obtained using the Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT), based on the application of an implicit filter and an eigenfunction expansion supported by a biharmonic-type eigenvalue problem, yielding a fast and straightforward implementation. A numerically stabilized eigenproblem formulation is proposed, ensuring robust convergence and accurate eigenfunctions. This hybrid solution, presented in a state-space framework, is validated experimentally against damped and undamped natural frequencies, and verified numerically through time-varying free and forced transverse deflection. A physical analysis is presented through four studies: (i) parametric maps of the first two complex eigenvalues, highlighting the distinct modal roles of viscoelastic damping and viscous damping, tip mass magnitude, and eccentricity; (ii) the combined effect of tip-mass eccentricity and internal damping on free and forced vibration; (iii) the influence of tip-mass damping and viscoelastic damping on free and forced vibration; and (iv) a Frequency Response Function (FRF) evaluation considering viscoelastic damping and viscous damping. The resulting formulation delivers fast-convergent solutions, providing closed-form base actions and frequency-response characterizations. The accompanying time- and frequency-domain results, together with compact eigenvalue maps, supply benchmark-quality references that clarify damping and eccentricity effects and support design, identification, and model assessment in linear vibration.
{"title":"On the dynamics of viscoelastic cantilever beams under arbitrary base motion and eccentric damped tip mass via integral transform","authors":"Gianfranco deM. Stieven , Carlos F.T. Matt , Liviu Nicu , Carolina P. Naveira-Cotta , Renato M. Cotta","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive hybrid analytical-numerical solution is presented for a viscoelastic cantilever Euler-Bernoulli beam with an eccentric damped tip mass, subjected to external excitation, viscous damping, and an arbitrary base motion that undergoes translation and small rotation. The solution is obtained using the Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT), based on the application of an implicit filter and an eigenfunction expansion supported by a biharmonic-type eigenvalue problem, yielding a fast and straightforward implementation. A numerically stabilized eigenproblem formulation is proposed, ensuring robust convergence and accurate eigenfunctions. This hybrid solution, presented in a state-space framework, is validated experimentally against damped and undamped natural frequencies, and verified numerically through time-varying free and forced transverse deflection. A physical analysis is presented through four studies: (i) parametric maps of the first two complex eigenvalues, highlighting the distinct modal roles of viscoelastic damping and viscous damping, tip mass magnitude, and eccentricity; (ii) the combined effect of tip-mass eccentricity and internal damping on free and forced vibration; (iii) the influence of tip-mass damping and viscoelastic damping on free and forced vibration; and (iv) a Frequency Response Function (FRF) evaluation considering viscoelastic damping and viscous damping. The resulting formulation delivers fast-convergent solutions, providing closed-form base actions and frequency-response characterizations. The accompanying time- and frequency-domain results, together with compact eigenvalue maps, supply benchmark-quality references that clarify damping and eccentricity effects and support design, identification, and model assessment in linear vibration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119628
J. Arango Montoya , O. Chiello , J.-J. Sinou , R. Tufano
Railway curve squeal is a highly nonlinear phenomenon involving self-sustained vibration of the wheel/rail system and commonly attributed to friction-related instability. While the occurrence of the noise is often studied through a stability analysis based on the linearization of the contact forces, its nonlinear nature requires methods such as time-integration of the dynamic equations of the system in order to determine the amplitude of the oscillations and hence, the radiated sound levels. This kind of methods are computationally expensive. Furthermore, they are not well adapted for the description of the infinite track behaviour, which represents a major challenge. This paper proposes an approach based on the Harmonic Balance Method (HBM), which aims to overcome these difficulties by assuming multi-harmonic periodic solutions and using a frequency-domain representation of the wheel and rail via their receptances at the contact point. The proposed method, which is directly formulated in the frequency-domain, is applied to a curve squeal model where the wheel is modelled via Finite Elements and the track analytically. Results corresponding to the two main instability mechanisms (falling friction and geometrical instability) are presented. The results are in good agreement with time integration and the computational cost is drastically reduced.
{"title":"A Harmonic Balance Method with contact condensation for the frequency-domain computation of self-sustained nonlinear vibration related to railway curve squeal","authors":"J. Arango Montoya , O. Chiello , J.-J. Sinou , R. Tufano","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Railway curve squeal is a highly nonlinear phenomenon involving self-sustained vibration of the wheel/rail system and commonly attributed to friction-related instability. While the occurrence of the noise is often studied through a stability analysis based on the linearization of the contact forces, its nonlinear nature requires methods such as time-integration of the dynamic equations of the system in order to determine the amplitude of the oscillations and hence, the radiated sound levels. This kind of methods are computationally expensive. Furthermore, they are not well adapted for the description of the infinite track behaviour, which represents a major challenge. This paper proposes an approach based on the Harmonic Balance Method (HBM), which aims to overcome these difficulties by assuming multi-harmonic periodic solutions and using a frequency-domain representation of the wheel and rail via their receptances at the contact point. The proposed method, which is directly formulated in the frequency-domain, is applied to a curve squeal model where the wheel is modelled via Finite Elements and the track analytically. Results corresponding to the two main instability mechanisms (falling friction and geometrical instability) are presented. The results are in good agreement with time integration and the computational cost is drastically reduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119644
Chunlin Jia , Zhanyu Li , Zixuan Yu , Hongkuan Zhang , Gengkai Hu
Accurately reconstructing scatterers within closed regions from sparse acoustic measurements presents a challenging inverse problem. Deep learning techniques are widely regarded as effective tools for solving such complex issues. However, conventional approaches often incur significant computational burdens by relying on massive training datasets to boost prediction accuracy. This paper presents an innovative approach that substantially improves network performance not by data augmentation, but by explicitly incorporating physical knowledge through adjoint-derived gradients. The method involves two synergistic stages: firstly, a physics-informed forward model is constructed by integrating gradient information via the adjoint method, which achieves 87 % higher accuracy in acoustic pressure prediction compared to standard data-driven counterparts on the test set; secondly, utilizing the trained forward network as a surrogate model to generate large-scale synthetic datasets for training a robust inverse estimation network. Results demonstrate superior performance: on independent test data, 99.94 % precision in determining scatterer count and high-precision reconstruction with localization resolution of 1/42 wavelength and radius resolution of 1/401 wavelength. Crucially, the method excels even in challenging acoustic shadow zones, surpassing traditional techniques. As the adjoint method is fundamental to sensitivity analysis across computational physics, this gradient-constrained framework can be readily extended to other inverse problems (including inverse electromagnetic scattering and elastic wave-based nondestructive testing) and gradient-based optimization applications like topology optimization, providing a pathway to enhanced accuracy with reduced data dependency.
{"title":"Enhancing acoustic scatterer inversion in closed domains with gradient-constrained deep learning","authors":"Chunlin Jia , Zhanyu Li , Zixuan Yu , Hongkuan Zhang , Gengkai Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately reconstructing scatterers within closed regions from sparse acoustic measurements presents a challenging inverse problem. Deep learning techniques are widely regarded as effective tools for solving such complex issues. However, conventional approaches often incur significant computational burdens by relying on massive training datasets to boost prediction accuracy. This paper presents an innovative approach that substantially improves network performance not by data augmentation, but by explicitly incorporating physical knowledge through adjoint-derived gradients. The method involves two synergistic stages: firstly, a physics-informed forward model is constructed by integrating gradient information via the adjoint method, which achieves 87 % higher accuracy in acoustic pressure prediction compared to standard data-driven counterparts on the test set; secondly, utilizing the trained forward network as a surrogate model to generate large-scale synthetic datasets for training a robust inverse estimation network. Results demonstrate superior performance: on independent test data, 99.94 % precision in determining scatterer count and high-precision reconstruction with localization resolution of 1/42 wavelength and radius resolution of 1/401 wavelength. Crucially, the method excels even in challenging acoustic shadow zones, surpassing traditional techniques. As the adjoint method is fundamental to sensitivity analysis across computational physics, this gradient-constrained framework can be readily extended to other inverse problems (including inverse electromagnetic scattering and elastic wave-based nondestructive testing) and gradient-based optimization applications like topology optimization, providing a pathway to enhanced accuracy with reduced data dependency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119646
Huachen Zhu , Ryan Mckay , Michael Kingan , Xianghao Kong , Jin Xuan Teh , Yusuke Hioka , Gian Schmid
A number of recent studies have shown that unsteady rotational motion of small unmanned aerial vehicle propellers can produce tonal noise. In this paper, time- and frequency-domain methods for calculating this noise are presented and validated against one-another. The unsteady loading on the propeller blades, required for the predictions, is calculated using both blade element momentum theory and computational fluid dynamics simulations. The noise prediction methods are validated against measurements. The propeller unsteady motion during these experiments was measured using a rotary encoder and this measured rotational motion was used as input to the noise prediction methods. The results presented in this paper focus on a case where the electric motor drives the propeller in unsteady rotational motion where the unsteady motion is almost sinusoidal with a frequency equal to 14 times the shaft rotation frequency. Predictions show that this unsteady rotational motion produces high amplitude tones at the frequency of the dominant fluctuation speed and adjacent harmonics of the blade passing frequency — confirming the findings of a previous study. These predictions are shown to be in generally good agreement with measurements. In addition, the polar and azimuthal directivity of this tonal noise is investigated.
{"title":"Tonal noise produced by a UAV propeller due to unsteady rotational motion","authors":"Huachen Zhu , Ryan Mckay , Michael Kingan , Xianghao Kong , Jin Xuan Teh , Yusuke Hioka , Gian Schmid","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2026.119646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A number of recent studies have shown that unsteady rotational motion of small unmanned aerial vehicle propellers can produce tonal noise. In this paper, time- and frequency-domain methods for calculating this noise are presented and validated against one-another. The unsteady loading on the propeller blades, required for the predictions, is calculated using both blade element momentum theory and computational fluid dynamics simulations. The noise prediction methods are validated against measurements. The propeller unsteady motion during these experiments was measured using a rotary encoder and this measured rotational motion was used as input to the noise prediction methods. The results presented in this paper focus on a case where the electric motor drives the propeller in unsteady rotational motion where the unsteady motion is almost sinusoidal with a frequency equal to 14 times the shaft rotation frequency. Predictions show that this unsteady rotational motion produces high amplitude tones at the frequency of the dominant fluctuation speed and adjacent harmonics of the blade passing frequency — confirming the findings of a previous study. These predictions are shown to be in generally good agreement with measurements. In addition, the polar and azimuthal directivity of this tonal noise is investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119624
Roshan S. Kaundinya , Alice Marraffa , Zhenwei Xu , Shobhit Jain , George Haller
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Nonlinear Model Reduction to Random Spectral Submanifolds in Random Vibrations” [J. Sound Vib. 600 (2025), 118923]","authors":"Roshan S. Kaundinya , Alice Marraffa , Zhenwei Xu , Shobhit Jain , George Haller","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119609
Bao Zhao , Lorenzo Di Manici , Raffaele Ardito , Eleni Chatzi , Andrea Colombi , Songye Zhu
Recent advances in mechanical metamaterials and piezoelectric energy harvesting provide exciting opportunities for directing and converting mechanical energy in electromechanical systems for autonomous sensing and vibration control. However, practical realizations remain rare due to the lack of advanced modeling methods and persistent interdisciplinary barriers. By integrating mechanical metamaterials with power electronics-based interface circuits, this paper achieves a breakthrough by presenting an electromechanical friction-induced metamaterial node, which simultaneously enables self-powered sensing and broadband vibration attenuation. To support this, we introduce a reduced-order modeling framework combined with a numerical harmonic balance method tailored for nonlinear metamaterials. This approach efficiently captures local nonlinearities arising from electromechanical coupling through interface circuits, substantially improving computational efficiency. A key innovation of this work is that it uncovers the role of electromechanical friction, induced by synchronized switching interface circuits, which facilitates energy harvesting and enhanced nonlinear dynamic behavior–manifested through expanded bandgaps and higher-harmonic vibration attenuation. Experimentally, an electromechanical metamaterial node is realized for self-powered sensing of temperature and acceleration data, demonstrating strong potential for structural health monitoring and Internet of Things applications. This study provides a practical pathway toward digitizing structures and systems by uniting smart interface circuitry with mechanical metamaterials to achieve autonomous, energy-aware sensing and control.
{"title":"EMetaNode: Electromechanical friction-induced metamaterial node for broadband vibration attenuation and self-powered sensing","authors":"Bao Zhao , Lorenzo Di Manici , Raffaele Ardito , Eleni Chatzi , Andrea Colombi , Songye Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in mechanical metamaterials and piezoelectric energy harvesting provide exciting opportunities for directing and converting mechanical energy in electromechanical systems for autonomous sensing and vibration control. However, practical realizations remain rare due to the lack of advanced modeling methods and persistent interdisciplinary barriers. By integrating mechanical metamaterials with power electronics-based interface circuits, this paper achieves a breakthrough by presenting an electromechanical friction-induced metamaterial node, which simultaneously enables self-powered sensing and broadband vibration attenuation. To support this, we introduce a reduced-order modeling framework combined with a numerical harmonic balance method tailored for nonlinear metamaterials. This approach efficiently captures local nonlinearities arising from electromechanical coupling through interface circuits, substantially improving computational efficiency. A key innovation of this work is that it uncovers the role of electromechanical friction, induced by synchronized switching interface circuits, which facilitates energy harvesting and enhanced nonlinear dynamic behavior–manifested through expanded bandgaps and higher-harmonic vibration attenuation. Experimentally, an electromechanical metamaterial node is realized for self-powered sensing of temperature and acceleration data, demonstrating strong potential for structural health monitoring and Internet of Things applications. This study provides a practical pathway toward digitizing structures and systems by uniting smart interface circuitry with mechanical metamaterials to achieve autonomous, energy-aware sensing and control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145808332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119630
Xu-Yuan Song , Chen-Guang Wang , Chang-Xin Yu , Xu Hao , Qing-Kai Han
As a crucial supporting component, the dynamic behaviour of the squirrel-cage elastic support (SCES) structure is vital for determining the operational stability of high-speed rotor systems in aero engines. However, the SCES structure is often oversimplified as a discrete model with restricted degrees of freedom during the traditional modelling process, making it a significant challenge to capture the dynamic behaviours of the system accurately. To overcome this limitation, this literature proposes a detailed analytical dynamic model of the squirrel-cage elastic support structure by approximating it as a medium-thick cylindrical shell structure with multiple circumferential rectangular cutouts. Firstly, the SCES structure is decomposed into several substructures of open cylindrical panels, and the corresponding kinetic and potential energy expressions are derived via the first-order shear deformation theory. Then, a series of orthogonal displacement functions is constructed as the trial functions of substructures. Meanwhile, the penalty functions are applied to ensure the displacement coordination between the substructures. Subsequently, the dynamic equation of the SCES structure is derived via the Rayleigh-Ritz method. After validating the analytical modelling by finite element simulation and experimental investigation, several complex dynamic performances have been revealed, including the phenomenon of modal density, the evolution of degenerate modes in the SCES structure, and the behaviours under multi-point cyclic excitation. The results indicate that the proposed modelling method provides a theoretical basis for dynamic design optimisation and fault diagnosis of squirrel-cage elastic support structures in aircraft engine rotor systems.
{"title":"Dynamic performance investigation of squirrel-cage elastic support structure in high-speed rotor system of aeroengine","authors":"Xu-Yuan Song , Chen-Guang Wang , Chang-Xin Yu , Xu Hao , Qing-Kai Han","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crucial supporting component, the dynamic behaviour of the squirrel-cage elastic support (SCES) structure is vital for determining the operational stability of high-speed rotor systems in aero engines. However, the SCES structure is often oversimplified as a discrete model with restricted degrees of freedom during the traditional modelling process, making it a significant challenge to capture the dynamic behaviours of the system accurately. To overcome this limitation, this literature proposes a detailed analytical dynamic model of the squirrel-cage elastic support structure by approximating it as a medium-thick cylindrical shell structure with multiple circumferential rectangular cutouts. Firstly, the SCES structure is decomposed into several substructures of open cylindrical panels, and the corresponding kinetic and potential energy expressions are derived via the first-order shear deformation theory. Then, a series of orthogonal displacement functions is constructed as the trial functions of substructures. Meanwhile, the penalty functions are applied to ensure the displacement coordination between the substructures. Subsequently, the dynamic equation of the SCES structure is derived via the Rayleigh-Ritz method. After validating the analytical modelling by finite element simulation and experimental investigation, several complex dynamic performances have been revealed, including the phenomenon of modal density, the evolution of degenerate modes in the SCES structure, and the behaviours under multi-point cyclic excitation. The results indicate that the proposed modelling method provides a theoretical basis for dynamic design optimisation and fault diagnosis of squirrel-cage elastic support structures in aircraft engine rotor systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","volume":"626 ","pages":"Article 119630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-31Epub Date: 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119627
Wenjun Wang , Yu Fan , Jiahui Shi , Qing Wu , Anlue Li , Chuanzhen Wang , Daniele Botto
Identifying the propagation paths of dominant wave modes in complex assembled structure is critical for implementing wave-based vibration and noise control strategies, such as phononic band gaps. This paper presents a symplectic numerical framework to compute the wave-mode power flow in engineering assembled structures based on wave finite element method (WFEM). The power orthogonality among wave modes is explicitly formulated through the symplectic orthogonality (SO) and its adjoint form (SAO), and this formulation is further extended to the Zhong-Williams and λ(φ) symplectic schemes. The generalized symplectic adjoint orthogonality (GSAO) and φSAO are subsequently proposed, providing a physically consistent basis for modal diagonalization and coherent wave propagation within the generalized symplectic eigenspace. These developments enable direct computation of the forced response and power flow entirely within the symplectic space, without reverting to the wave space. Six power-flow formulations are systematically compared and shown to yield consistent results on both beam and cylindrical shell structures. An electric motor housing is used as a case study, in which the proposed approach establishes a wave-mode power flow network. It is noted that the power-flow formulation relies on symplectic orthogonality defined for conservative WFEM systems and therefore cannot be directly applied to non-Hermitian systems.
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