Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.10-19
Y. W. Setyorini, S. Sutopo, E. Kurnianto, S. Sutiyono
The objective of this study was to identify the polymorphism of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) g.8398A>G at the prolactin gene exon 4 in Indonesian Holstein dairy cows and its effect on milk production, milk quality, and reproductive traits. A total of 140 blood samples were investigated to detect polymorphism by PCR-RFLP method using the RsaI restriction enzyme. Sequencing was per-formed for confirmation of SNP mutation points. The phenotype data collected were milk production, milk quality, and reproductive traits. Data were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that poly-morphism of SNP g.8398A>G at prolactin gene exon 4 was found in the study populations with AG and GG genotypes. Cows with the GG genotype indicated higher total milk yield and milk protein (P<0.05) than the AG genotype. Polymorphism was not associated with specific gravity, milk fat, milk lactose, total solid non-fat, and reproductive traits. SNP g.8398A>G at prolactin gene exon 4 showed potential as a genetic marker for selecting superior milk production traits.
{"title":"Polymorphism of SNP g.8398A>G at prolactin gene and its effect on Indonesian Holstein dairy cow’s milk performance and reproductive traits","authors":"Y. W. Setyorini, S. Sutopo, E. Kurnianto, S. Sutiyono","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.10-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.10-19","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to identify the polymorphism of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) g.8398A>G at the prolactin gene exon 4 in Indonesian Holstein dairy cows and its effect on milk production, milk quality, and reproductive traits. A total of 140 blood samples were investigated to detect polymorphism by PCR-RFLP method using the RsaI restriction enzyme. Sequencing was per-formed for confirmation of SNP mutation points. The phenotype data collected were milk production, milk quality, and reproductive traits. Data were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that poly-morphism of SNP g.8398A>G at prolactin gene exon 4 was found in the study populations with AG and GG genotypes. Cows with the GG genotype indicated higher total milk yield and milk protein (P<0.05) than the AG genotype. Polymorphism was not associated with specific gravity, milk fat, milk lactose, total solid non-fat, and reproductive traits. SNP g.8398A>G at prolactin gene exon 4 showed potential as a genetic marker for selecting superior milk production traits.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48192167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.37-46
B. Sundu, H. Hafsah, M. Pamulu, A. Adjis, U. Hatta, E. Kala’langi, G. Sapu, S. Arifuddin, D. Damry, I. G. Putra
A study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium (sodium selenite) added to palm kernel cake (PKC) before fermentation on production, selenium content, and quality of eggs. The PKC was added with 0.1% sodium selenite and 1% baking yeast (Fermipan®). The mixture was added with ster-ile distilled water to increase the water content of the substrate. The substrates were fermented at room temperature for 5 days. The fermented products of selenium-rich fermented palm kernel cake (SRFPKC) were dried and fed to the laying hens. The experimental diets used were T-0: without SRF-PKC, T-1: 0.25% SRFPKC, T-2: 0.50% SRFPKC, T-3: 0.75% SRFPKC and T-4: 1.0 % SRFPKC. The diets were given to 180 laying hens aged 22 weeks for 14 weeks. Data on egg production, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded. Feed digestibilities of dry matter and protein were measured based on the method of total fecal collection. Egg qualities and egg weight loss were done using eggs stored for 1 and 30 days. Selenium and cholesterol contents of eggs were also measured. This study used a completely randomized design and was analyzed by analysis of variance. The results showed that the addition of SRFPKC increased egg production, hen day, egg weight, egg selenium, feed digest-ibility, improve FCR (P<0.05) and inhibit the process of decreasing the quality and weight of eggs stored for 30 days (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of SRFPKC increased egg production, feed digestibility, and egg selenium, improve FCR and slow down the deterioration of egg quality stored for 30 days.
{"title":"Feeding selenium-rich fermented palm kernel cake to laying hens produces selenium-rich eggs, increases egg production and quality","authors":"B. Sundu, H. Hafsah, M. Pamulu, A. Adjis, U. Hatta, E. Kala’langi, G. Sapu, S. Arifuddin, D. Damry, I. G. Putra","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.37-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.37-46","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium (sodium selenite) added to palm kernel cake (PKC) before fermentation on production, selenium content, and quality of eggs. The PKC was added with 0.1% sodium selenite and 1% baking yeast (Fermipan®). The mixture was added with ster-ile distilled water to increase the water content of the substrate. The substrates were fermented at room temperature for 5 days. The fermented products of selenium-rich fermented palm kernel cake (SRFPKC) were dried and fed to the laying hens. The experimental diets used were T-0: without SRF-PKC, T-1: 0.25% SRFPKC, T-2: 0.50% SRFPKC, T-3: 0.75% SRFPKC and T-4: 1.0 % SRFPKC. The diets were given to 180 laying hens aged 22 weeks for 14 weeks. Data on egg production, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded. Feed digestibilities of dry matter and protein were measured based on the method of total fecal collection. Egg qualities and egg weight loss were done using eggs stored for 1 and 30 days. Selenium and cholesterol contents of eggs were also measured. This study used a completely randomized design and was analyzed by analysis of variance. The results showed that the addition of SRFPKC increased egg production, hen day, egg weight, egg selenium, feed digest-ibility, improve FCR (P<0.05) and inhibit the process of decreasing the quality and weight of eggs stored for 30 days (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of SRFPKC increased egg production, feed digestibility, and egg selenium, improve FCR and slow down the deterioration of egg quality stored for 30 days.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42014145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leptin (LEP) gene produces hormone leptin which is secreted by adipose tissue, and plays an im-portant role in energy balance, regulating feed intake, regulating endocrine function, and immune functions. This study aims to identify molecular markers of LEP gene and its association with growth traits based on SNP in Bali cattle. The blood samples were collected from 16 male and 30 female Bali cattle. The growth data were recorded from 2018 to 2020, consist of body weight and body size. Am-plification of leptin gene with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using pair of primers, Lep-tin_3Forward: 5’- AGCTTGGAAACATGGTGGTC-3’ and Leptin_3Reverse: 5’- CATGATGCTCCCTGGATTCT-3’ with DNA target 898 bp. The SNPs were identified by the direct sequencing technique. Genotypes of the SNPs were identified using sequencing method. Association of LEP genotypes with growth traits was performed using oneway ANOVA. Three DNA polymor-phisms of the LEP gene were found, namely g.2913C/T, g.3260T/C, and g.3549G/A. SNP g.2913C/T was significantly associated (P<0,05) with weaning shoulder height (WSH), weaning body length (WBL), weaning chest circumference (WCC), yearling shoulder height (YSH), yearling body length (YBL), and yearling chest circumference (YCC). Meanwhile, SNPs g.3260T/C and g.3549G/A were not associated with the body weight and body size in Bali cattle. In conclusion, the SNP g.2913C/T can be used as molecular marker for body size in weaning and yearling of Bali Cattle.
{"title":"Association between leptin gene polymorphism and growth traits in Bali cattle","authors":"T. Kurlyana, T. Hartatik, S. Sumadi","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.1-9","url":null,"abstract":"Leptin (LEP) gene produces hormone leptin which is secreted by adipose tissue, and plays an im-portant role in energy balance, regulating feed intake, regulating endocrine function, and immune functions. This study aims to identify molecular markers of LEP gene and its association with growth traits based on SNP in Bali cattle. The blood samples were collected from 16 male and 30 female Bali cattle. The growth data were recorded from 2018 to 2020, consist of body weight and body size. Am-plification of leptin gene with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using pair of primers, Lep-tin_3Forward: 5’- AGCTTGGAAACATGGTGGTC-3’ and Leptin_3Reverse: 5’- CATGATGCTCCCTGGATTCT-3’ with DNA target 898 bp. The SNPs were identified by the direct sequencing technique. Genotypes of the SNPs were identified using sequencing method. Association of LEP genotypes with growth traits was performed using oneway ANOVA. Three DNA polymor-phisms of the LEP gene were found, namely g.2913C/T, g.3260T/C, and g.3549G/A. SNP g.2913C/T was significantly associated (P<0,05) with weaning shoulder height (WSH), weaning body length (WBL), weaning chest circumference (WCC), yearling shoulder height (YSH), yearling body length (YBL), and yearling chest circumference (YCC). Meanwhile, SNPs g.3260T/C and g.3549G/A were not associated with the body weight and body size in Bali cattle. In conclusion, the SNP g.2913C/T can be used as molecular marker for body size in weaning and yearling of Bali Cattle.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43822927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-08DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.20-27
J. Jawad, R. W. Astuti, A. Haryanto, N. Wijayanti
This research was aimed to analyze antibody response in laying hens post vaccinated by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) recombinat Fusion (F) protein which has been succesfully expressed from the F gene of local isolates of NDV from Kulon Progo strain (0663/04/2013), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The F gene cloned into expression vector plasmid pBT7-N-His. Two types of NDV recombinant vaccine, a concentrated and pure F recombinant protein were used for vaccination. A concentrated recombinant F protein was collected from the centrifugal ultrafiltration process and a pure recombinant F protein was collected from the electroeluted process. Recombinant F protein of NDV was successfully expressed, purified, and visualized by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining with a molecular weight of 28 kDa. All two types of recombinant F vaccines and a commercial live vaccine as a positive control were injected two times at 14 and 18th weeks old laying hens to analyze the antibody response in serum. In comparison with a commercial live NDV vaccine, indirect Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) revealed that antibody responses were high in both recombinant F protein vaccinated groups. In conclusion, the recombinant F protein has the potential to be developed as a recombinant vaccine candidate to obtain a higher antibody response in laying hens compared to commercially available live NDV vaccines.
{"title":"Antibody response to Newcastle disease virus recombinant fusion protein in post-vaccinated laying hens","authors":"J. Jawad, R. W. Astuti, A. Haryanto, N. Wijayanti","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.20-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.20-27","url":null,"abstract":"This research was aimed to analyze antibody response in laying hens post vaccinated by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) recombinat Fusion (F) protein which has been succesfully expressed from the F gene of local isolates of NDV from Kulon Progo strain (0663/04/2013), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The F gene cloned into expression vector plasmid pBT7-N-His. Two types of NDV recombinant vaccine, a concentrated and pure F recombinant protein were used for vaccination. A concentrated recombinant F protein was collected from the centrifugal ultrafiltration process and a pure recombinant F protein was collected from the electroeluted process. Recombinant F protein of NDV was successfully expressed, purified, and visualized by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining with a molecular weight of 28 kDa. All two types of recombinant F vaccines and a commercial live vaccine as a positive control were injected two times at 14 and 18th weeks old laying hens to analyze the antibody response in serum. In comparison with a commercial live NDV vaccine, indirect Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) revealed that antibody responses were high in both recombinant F protein vaccinated groups. In conclusion, the recombinant F protein has the potential to be developed as a recombinant vaccine candidate to obtain a higher antibody response in laying hens compared to commercially available live NDV vaccines.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.277-289
I. Ismoyowati, A. Darmanto, E. Tugiyanti, F. M. Suhartati, W. Suryapratama, A. Sodiq, D. Saleh, M. Y. Sumaryadi
This study aimed to investigate the interactions between chicken strains and supplementation of feed additives, and the efficacy of the interactions for improving immunity, kidney function, and blood protein of native chicken. Research materials were 480 chickens of different strains including kampung chicken, KUB chicken (Balitbangtan superior native), and Kedu chicken. Basal feed offered to the chickens contained 3,118.95 kcal/kg energy and 19.2% crude protein. The research was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design, utilizing 12 treatments and four replicates. The data were sub-jected to analysis of variance, followed by the Honestly Significant Difference Test (HSD). The analy-sis of variance showed that the interactions between chicken strains and 1% supplementation of feed additives were not significantly different (P>0.05) across all parameters, but chicken strain significant-ly affected (P<0.05) antibody titers against AI and ND, as well as lymphocyte infiltration in the lamina propia ileum. KUB chickens had a higher level of immunity than that Kedu chickens. Supplementation of 1% feed additives tends to improve the level of immunity as reflected by the increased titers against AI and ND after vaccination, as well as the undisturbed kidney functions. Conclusively, the interac-tions between chicken strains and the supplementation of 1% feed additives into basal feed produced relatively similar results. Meanwhile, KUB chickens showed better immunity than kampung chickens and Kedu chickens. Supplementing feed additives (garlic and kalimun) showed relatively effective re-sults in improving antibody titers against AI and ND, so it is necessary to increase the supplementation dosage to enhance significant immunity.
本试验旨在研究鸡品系与添加饲料添加剂之间的相互作用，以及相互作用对土鸡免疫力、肾功能和血液蛋白的影响。研究材料为480只不同品系的鸡，包括甘榜鸡、KUB鸡(Balitbangtan superior native)和克都鸡。鸡的基础饲料能量为3118.95 kcal/kg，粗蛋白质含量为19.2%。本研究采用因子完全随机设计，12个处理，4个重复。数据进行方差分析，然后进行诚实显著差异检验(HSD)。方差分析表明，各菌株与添加1%饲料添加剂的交互作用在各参数上无显著差异(P<0.05)，但菌株显著影响了抗AI和ND抗体滴度(P<0.05)以及回肠异位层淋巴细胞浸润。KUB鸡的免疫水平高于Kedu鸡。添加1%的饲料添加剂有利于提高免疫水平，这体现在疫苗接种后对AI和ND的滴度增加，以及未受影响的肾脏功能。综上所述，在基础饲料中添加1%饲料添加剂与鸡品系之间的相互作用产生了相对相似的结果。KUB鸡的免疫能力优于甘榜鸡和科都鸡。饲料添加剂(大蒜和加力门)对提高猪抗AI和ND的抗体效价有较有效的效果，因此有必要增加饲料添加剂的添加量以显著提高免疫力。
{"title":"The effects of native chicken strains and feed addives on immunity, kidney functions, and blood protein","authors":"I. Ismoyowati, A. Darmanto, E. Tugiyanti, F. M. Suhartati, W. Suryapratama, A. Sodiq, D. Saleh, M. Y. Sumaryadi","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.4.277-289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.4.277-289","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the interactions between chicken strains and supplementation of feed additives, and the efficacy of the interactions for improving immunity, kidney function, and blood protein of native chicken. Research materials were 480 chickens of different strains including kampung chicken, KUB chicken (Balitbangtan superior native), and Kedu chicken. Basal feed offered to the chickens contained 3,118.95 kcal/kg energy and 19.2% crude protein. The research was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design, utilizing 12 treatments and four replicates. The data were sub-jected to analysis of variance, followed by the Honestly Significant Difference Test (HSD). The analy-sis of variance showed that the interactions between chicken strains and 1% supplementation of feed additives were not significantly different (P>0.05) across all parameters, but chicken strain significant-ly affected (P<0.05) antibody titers against AI and ND, as well as lymphocyte infiltration in the lamina propia ileum. KUB chickens had a higher level of immunity than that Kedu chickens. Supplementation of 1% feed additives tends to improve the level of immunity as reflected by the increased titers against AI and ND after vaccination, as well as the undisturbed kidney functions. Conclusively, the interac-tions between chicken strains and the supplementation of 1% feed additives into basal feed produced relatively similar results. Meanwhile, KUB chickens showed better immunity than kampung chickens and Kedu chickens. Supplementing feed additives (garlic and kalimun) showed relatively effective re-sults in improving antibody titers against AI and ND, so it is necessary to increase the supplementation dosage to enhance significant immunity.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48785196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.265-276
D. Rahmawati, C. Hanim
This study aimed to investigate the effect of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) with different protein levels in feed on intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemistry, and meat quality of broiler chicken. GAA is the only direct precursor of creatine and is involved in the synthesis of bioenergy cellular. This research used 1.176 day-old chicks of the Lohmann Indian River strain that were reared for 35 days. The supplementation effect was investigated using six treatments, i.e., two levels of feed protein and three levels of GAA, with seven replications. Broiler chickens were fed with 23% and 21% crude pro-tein during the pre-starter phase, 21% and 19% during the starter phase, and 19% and 17% during the finisher phase, with a GAA addition of 0 g/ton, 600 g/ton, and 1200 g/ton, respectively. The result showed GAA supplementation with different protein levels reduced triglyceride (P<0,05), cholesterol levels in serum (P<0,05), increased surface area of the microvilli (P<0,05), pH of breast meat (P<0,05), but did not affect the chemical quality of breast meat (P>0,05). In conclusion, GAA supplementation in different level protein diets increased the surface area of the microvilli, pH of breast meat, reduce se-rum cholesterol and triglycerides, without affecting the chemical quality of broiler meat.
{"title":"Supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid in feed with different levels of protein on intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemistry, and meat quality of broiler","authors":"D. Rahmawati, C. Hanim","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.4.265-276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.4.265-276","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) with different protein levels in feed on intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemistry, and meat quality of broiler chicken. GAA is the only direct precursor of creatine and is involved in the synthesis of bioenergy cellular. This research used 1.176 day-old chicks of the Lohmann Indian River strain that were reared for 35 days. The supplementation effect was investigated using six treatments, i.e., two levels of feed protein and three levels of GAA, with seven replications. Broiler chickens were fed with 23% and 21% crude pro-tein during the pre-starter phase, 21% and 19% during the starter phase, and 19% and 17% during the finisher phase, with a GAA addition of 0 g/ton, 600 g/ton, and 1200 g/ton, respectively. The result showed GAA supplementation with different protein levels reduced triglyceride (P<0,05), cholesterol levels in serum (P<0,05), increased surface area of the microvilli (P<0,05), pH of breast meat (P<0,05), but did not affect the chemical quality of breast meat (P>0,05). In conclusion, GAA supplementation in different level protein diets increased the surface area of the microvilli, pH of breast meat, reduce se-rum cholesterol and triglycerides, without affecting the chemical quality of broiler meat.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46529076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-18DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.301-317
U. G. Sorhue, I. Israel, A. M. Moemeka, I. Omeje, I. Udeh, C. V. Idama, F. Awolowo
This study examined the effects of unconventional feed on performance characteristics and candi-date gene expression in growing pigs of 3-5months of age. A Total of forty-five (45) growing pigs were randomly allotted into five treatments consisting of whole maize (T1), brewer’s dried grain (T2), cassava peel meal (T3), plantain peel meal (T4), and corn husk meal (T5), at 35% inclusion rate. Per-formance data were collected for 12weeks, while duodenum and liver samples were collected after the experiment for gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. Diets significantly (p< 0.05) affected growth performance with treatment 2 recording the highest average daily weight gain of 0.21±0.02 whilecorn husk meal (T5)had the least 0.11±0.01. Feed efficiency was highest for whole maize (T1) and brewer’s dried grain (T2) (0.10±0.02) and lowest for t5 (0.07±0.17). Cost-benefit analysis were significantly different (p<0.05) with t4 recording the highest gross margin. Insulin-like growth factor1 and leptin gene were differentially expressed in tissues, while no significant differences (p>0.05) existed for growth hormone gene and ryanodine receptor1 gene. The results showed commendable gross margin, however, cognizance should be taken in the quantity of brewer’s dried grain fed to pigs since it increased the expression of ryanodine receptor 1 gene that leads to por-cine malignant hypertermia and pale soft exudates pork.
{"title":"Effect of unconventional feeds on production cost, growth performance and expression of quantitative genes in growing pigs","authors":"U. G. Sorhue, I. Israel, A. M. Moemeka, I. Omeje, I. Udeh, C. V. Idama, F. Awolowo","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.4.301-317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.4.301-317","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of unconventional feed on performance characteristics and candi-date gene expression in growing pigs of 3-5months of age. A Total of forty-five (45) growing pigs were randomly allotted into five treatments consisting of whole maize (T1), brewer’s dried grain (T2), cassava peel meal (T3), plantain peel meal (T4), and corn husk meal (T5), at 35% inclusion rate. Per-formance data were collected for 12weeks, while duodenum and liver samples were collected after the experiment for gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. Diets significantly (p< 0.05) affected growth performance with treatment 2 recording the highest average daily weight gain of 0.21±0.02 whilecorn husk meal (T5)had the least 0.11±0.01. Feed efficiency was highest for whole maize (T1) and brewer’s dried grain (T2) (0.10±0.02) and lowest for t5 (0.07±0.17). Cost-benefit analysis were significantly different (p<0.05) with t4 recording the highest gross margin. Insulin-like growth factor1 and leptin gene were differentially expressed in tissues, while no significant differences (p>0.05) existed for growth hormone gene and ryanodine receptor1 gene. The results showed commendable gross margin, however, cognizance should be taken in the quantity of brewer’s dried grain fed to pigs since it increased the expression of ryanodine receptor 1 gene that leads to por-cine malignant hypertermia and pale soft exudates pork.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44971313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.340-345
F. R. Hapsari, D. Samsudewa, E. T. Setiatin, Y. Ondho, A. Setiaji, T. Harsi, I. Z. Irfan, O. Syamsono, E. Sukmawati
This study aimed to determine the effect of breed and season on the semen quality of AI bulls. The material used was n= 78,648 records of ejaculated semen from 85 Limousine and 88 Simmental bulls collected between period 2010 and 2020. Semen qualities evaluated in the study were: ejaculate vol-ume (Vol), pH, individual sperm motility (ISM), sperm concentration (SC), and post-thawing motility (PTM). The data was analyzed by using a MIXED model with breeds and seasons as fixed effects and animals as random effects. The seasons were significant (p<0,05) on Vol, ISM, SC, and PTM, then the interaction between season and breed was affected on Vol, SC, and PTM. Simmental bulls generally showed better semen qualities than Limousine bulls. Further, the same result showed significant differ-ences in each season. The Vol, ISM, SC, and PTM of Simmental were 6.48 ± 1.26, 64.22 ± 1.16, 1,108 ± 0.46, and 42.19 ± 0.38, respectively. The increase of Vol and SC in the humid season has not propor-tionally affected ISM.
{"title":"Seasonal effect on semen quality of Limousine and Simmental bulls","authors":"F. R. Hapsari, D. Samsudewa, E. T. Setiatin, Y. Ondho, A. Setiaji, T. Harsi, I. Z. Irfan, O. Syamsono, E. Sukmawati","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.4.340-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.4.340-345","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the effect of breed and season on the semen quality of AI bulls. The material used was n= 78,648 records of ejaculated semen from 85 Limousine and 88 Simmental bulls collected between period 2010 and 2020. Semen qualities evaluated in the study were: ejaculate vol-ume (Vol), pH, individual sperm motility (ISM), sperm concentration (SC), and post-thawing motility (PTM). The data was analyzed by using a MIXED model with breeds and seasons as fixed effects and animals as random effects. The seasons were significant (p<0,05) on Vol, ISM, SC, and PTM, then the interaction between season and breed was affected on Vol, SC, and PTM. Simmental bulls generally showed better semen qualities than Limousine bulls. Further, the same result showed significant differ-ences in each season. The Vol, ISM, SC, and PTM of Simmental were 6.48 ± 1.26, 64.22 ± 1.16, 1,108 ± 0.46, and 42.19 ± 0.38, respectively. The increase of Vol and SC in the humid season has not propor-tionally affected ISM.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48378551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.290-300
N. Luthfi, R. Adiwinarti, A. Purnomoadi, E. Rianto
A study was conducted to investigate the growth rate and carcass characteristics of lambs under different feeding levels. Twenty one lambs (3 months old) were allocated into 3 treatments of feeding levels, namely 4% of body weight (BW) (T1), 5.5% of BW (T2) and provided ad libitum (T3). The diet contained 13.74% of CP and 61.79% of TDN. The lambs were raised to reach 25 kg BW, before being slaughtered. The parameters observed were dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass production, meat-bone ratio (MBR), fat distribution, chemical composition of meat and fatty acids profile. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued by Duncan's multi-range test if there was any significant difference among the treatments. The results showed that the average of DMD was 59.71% (P>0.05). The lambs fed T3 had the highest BWG (203 g/day), the lowest FCR (6.8) and the shortest rearing time (67 days) (P<0.01). The average of carcass percentage was 46.36% and meat production was 6,931 g (P>0.05). The lambs of T3 had the heaviest carcass fat (2,698 g), the lightest carcass bone (1,985 g), the highest MBR (3.6), and the highest PUFA to SFA ratio (0.55). It can be concluded that the higher the feeding level resulted in the higher growth rate, the lower feed conversion ratio, higher meat-bone ratio and higher carcass fat production, lower feed conversion ratio and the shorter rearing time; but did not af-fect the meat quality.
{"title":"Effect of feeding level on growth rate, carcass characteristics and meat quality of thin tailed lambs","authors":"N. Luthfi, R. Adiwinarti, A. Purnomoadi, E. Rianto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.4.290-300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.4.290-300","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to investigate the growth rate and carcass characteristics of lambs under different feeding levels. Twenty one lambs (3 months old) were allocated into 3 treatments of feeding levels, namely 4% of body weight (BW) (T1), 5.5% of BW (T2) and provided ad libitum (T3). The diet contained 13.74% of CP and 61.79% of TDN. The lambs were raised to reach 25 kg BW, before being slaughtered. The parameters observed were dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass production, meat-bone ratio (MBR), fat distribution, chemical composition of meat and fatty acids profile. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued by Duncan's multi-range test if there was any significant difference among the treatments. The results showed that the average of DMD was 59.71% (P>0.05). The lambs fed T3 had the highest BWG (203 g/day), the lowest FCR (6.8) and the shortest rearing time (67 days) (P<0.01). The average of carcass percentage was 46.36% and meat production was 6,931 g (P>0.05). The lambs of T3 had the heaviest carcass fat (2,698 g), the lightest carcass bone (1,985 g), the highest MBR (3.6), and the highest PUFA to SFA ratio (0.55). It can be concluded that the higher the feeding level resulted in the higher growth rate, the lower feed conversion ratio, higher meat-bone ratio and higher carcass fat production, lower feed conversion ratio and the shorter rearing time; but did not af-fect the meat quality.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44456042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-18DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.4.328-339
M. Lothong, K. Anurud, S. Semsirmboon, S. Poonyachoti, S. Thammachareon
This study aimed to determine the seasonal effect on the performance of pigs reared in open-barn housing in Thailand. This retrospective study was performed using two years of recorded pig perfor-mance, including average birth weight, litter size, percentage of born alive and dead piglets, weaning weight, average daily gain (ADG), percentage of weaned alive and dead piglets and meteorological data. Data were grouped based on 3 different seasons: winter, summer and the rainy season, and the differences were compared. The highest temperature–humidity index (THI) was found during summer (85.3 ± 0.2) and the THI of the rainy season was higher than that in winter (between 82.3 ± 0.2 and 77.2 ± 0.4) (p < 0.05). The piglet growth performance was affected by season (p < 0.05). The weaning weight of piglets in the rainy season was higher than that in winter but not different from that in sum-mer. The highest ADG was observed in the rainy season. In summary, growth performance of suckling pigs reared in open-barn housing in Thailand was affected by the season. The optimal climate promot-ing growth of nursery pigs was determined to be the rainy season.
{"title":"The seasonal effect on the performance of pigs reared in a backyard pig farm in Thailand: retrospective study","authors":"M. Lothong, K. Anurud, S. Semsirmboon, S. Poonyachoti, S. Thammachareon","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.4.328-339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.4.328-339","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the seasonal effect on the performance of pigs reared in open-barn housing in Thailand. This retrospective study was performed using two years of recorded pig perfor-mance, including average birth weight, litter size, percentage of born alive and dead piglets, weaning weight, average daily gain (ADG), percentage of weaned alive and dead piglets and meteorological data. Data were grouped based on 3 different seasons: winter, summer and the rainy season, and the differences were compared. The highest temperature–humidity index (THI) was found during summer (85.3 ± 0.2) and the THI of the rainy season was higher than that in winter (between 82.3 ± 0.2 and 77.2 ± 0.4) (p < 0.05). The piglet growth performance was affected by season (p < 0.05). The weaning weight of piglets in the rainy season was higher than that in winter but not different from that in sum-mer. The highest ADG was observed in the rainy season. In summary, growth performance of suckling pigs reared in open-barn housing in Thailand was affected by the season. The optimal climate promot-ing growth of nursery pigs was determined to be the rainy season.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45889463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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