Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.4.282-294
A. Febriana, S. Sutopo, E. Kurnianto, W. Widiyanto
The aim of the current research was to analyze the population structure and expression of KISS1 gene associated with reproductive traits through Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level and DNA sequencing analysis based on KISS1 gene. Genotypes of 23 goat does consist of Kacang goats (n=7), Kejobong goats (n=8) and Senduro goats (n=8) were investigated using DNA sequencing, 16 out of 23 samples were synchronized to examine their FSH level using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using MEGA X software for DNA sequences and General Linier Model (GLM) for FSH plasma level. The phylogenetic tree showed the high homology between Indonesian native goats with other species showing a gene conservatism. A significantly higher FSH plasma levels were obtained from Kacang and Kejobong than Senduro goat (P = 0.002), litter size (LS) 3 than LS 1 (P = 0.0175), further CAATGCGCAACGCT haplotype and GA genotype at g.2459 G>A have a higher FSH plasma than other haplotypes and genotypes (P = 0.0027; P<0.0001) and are associated with high LS (3.0±0.18). Neither sample collection times nor parities have different significantly. The current trial indicated that CAATGCGCAACGCT haplotype and GA genotype at g.2459 G>A were correlated with reproductive traits.
{"title":"Phylogenetic study and association between prominent genotype and haplotype of KISS1 gene with FSH level in Idonesian native goat breeds","authors":"A. Febriana, S. Sutopo, E. Kurnianto, W. Widiyanto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.46.4.282-294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.4.282-294","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current research was to analyze the population structure and expression of KISS1 gene associated with reproductive traits through Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level and DNA sequencing analysis based on KISS1 gene. Genotypes of 23 goat does consist of Kacang goats (n=7), Kejobong goats (n=8) and Senduro goats (n=8) were investigated using DNA sequencing, 16 out of 23 samples were synchronized to examine their FSH level using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using MEGA X software for DNA sequences and General Linier Model (GLM) for FSH plasma level. The phylogenetic tree showed the high homology between Indonesian native goats with other species showing a gene conservatism. A significantly higher FSH plasma levels were obtained from Kacang and Kejobong than Senduro goat (P = 0.002), litter size (LS) 3 than LS 1 (P = 0.0175), further CAATGCGCAACGCT haplotype and GA genotype at g.2459 G>A have a higher FSH plasma than other haplotypes and genotypes (P = 0.0027; P<0.0001) and are associated with high LS (3.0±0.18). Neither sample collection times nor parities have different significantly. The current trial indicated that CAATGCGCAACGCT haplotype and GA genotype at g.2459 G>A were correlated with reproductive traits.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42981301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.1.76-84
S. Sutawi, I. Prihartini, K. Khotimah, D. Iswatiningsih, F. Kusumastuti
This study was conducted to assess the happiness of small-scale dairy cattle farmers based on subjective well-being conditions. The research was conducted in July-October 2020 using a survey method in the Malang Regency of East Java Province. Analysis units were 145 small-scale dairy cattle farmer households purposively selected with less than 30 heads of dairy cattle ownership and have managed their livestock farming for more than five years. Data collection was conducted through interviews about three dimensions of happiness including life satisfaction, affection, and the meaning of life. The three dimensions were divided into 19 indicators to calculate the Happiness Index. The ten Life Satisfaction indicators produced a Life Satisfaction Index of 7.43 (Happy), consisting of a Personal Life Satisfaction Index of 7.26 (Happy) and a Social Life Satisfaction Index of 7.85 (Happy). The three Affection indicators produced the Affection Index of 7.29 (Happy). The six Meaning of Life indicators produced the Meaning of Life Index of 7.44 (Happy). The Happiness Index of small-scale dairy cattle farmers in East Java was 7.43 and classified as "Happy".
{"title":"The happiness of small-scale dairy farmers: A case at Malang Regency of East Java, Indonesia","authors":"S. Sutawi, I. Prihartini, K. Khotimah, D. Iswatiningsih, F. Kusumastuti","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.1.76-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.1.76-84","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to assess the happiness of small-scale dairy cattle farmers based on subjective well-being conditions. The research was conducted in July-October 2020 using a survey method in the Malang Regency of East Java Province. Analysis units were 145 small-scale dairy cattle farmer households purposively selected with less than 30 heads of dairy cattle ownership and have managed their livestock farming for more than five years. Data collection was conducted through interviews about three dimensions of happiness including life satisfaction, affection, and the meaning of life. The three dimensions were divided into 19 indicators to calculate the Happiness Index. The ten Life Satisfaction indicators produced a Life Satisfaction Index of 7.43 (Happy), consisting of a Personal Life Satisfaction Index of 7.26 (Happy) and a Social Life Satisfaction Index of 7.85 (Happy). The three Affection indicators produced the Affection Index of 7.29 (Happy). The six Meaning of Life indicators produced the Meaning of Life Index of 7.44 (Happy). The Happiness Index of small-scale dairy cattle farmers in East Java was 7.43 and classified as \"Happy\".","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45141563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.2.155-165
A. E. T. Sulfiar, B. Guntoro, B. A. Atmoko, I. Budisatria
This research aimed to analyze the sustainability of beef cattle farming in smallholder farms with semi-intensive and intensive production systems in the South Konawe Regency. It was conducted in West Ranomeeto and Konda sub-districts through Participatory Rural Appraisal with 55 farmers in the semi-intensive system and 50 farmers in the intensive system. The secondary data were obtained from literature, reports, and publications. The sustainability analysis was determined based on selected indi-cators in each aspect. The indicators of economic aspect were livestock income, feces utilization, sav-ings and insurance. The indicators of environmental aspect were concentration of E. coli, fecal coli-form, total coliform, nitrate, and Fe. The sindicators of social aspect were land ownership, livestock health, mortality, area of pen, and dry matter consumption. The analysis results showed that the total value of the economic, environmental, and social aspect indicators in semi-intensive and intensive pro-duction systems was -0.45 and +0.17; -1.15 and -3.85; -0.10 and +0.27, respectively. Meanwhile, the total indicator value in both production systems was -0.57 and -1.14. It can be concluded that both beef cattle production systems in South Konawe Regency carried out by smallholder farmers have not sus-tainable.
{"title":"Sustainability of beef cattle farming production system in South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi","authors":"A. E. T. Sulfiar, B. Guntoro, B. A. Atmoko, I. Budisatria","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.2.155-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.2.155-165","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to analyze the sustainability of beef cattle farming in smallholder farms with semi-intensive and intensive production systems in the South Konawe Regency. It was conducted in West Ranomeeto and Konda sub-districts through Participatory Rural Appraisal with 55 farmers in the semi-intensive system and 50 farmers in the intensive system. The secondary data were obtained from literature, reports, and publications. The sustainability analysis was determined based on selected indi-cators in each aspect. The indicators of economic aspect were livestock income, feces utilization, sav-ings and insurance. The indicators of environmental aspect were concentration of E. coli, fecal coli-form, total coliform, nitrate, and Fe. The sindicators of social aspect were land ownership, livestock health, mortality, area of pen, and dry matter consumption. The analysis results showed that the total value of the economic, environmental, and social aspect indicators in semi-intensive and intensive pro-duction systems was -0.45 and +0.17; -1.15 and -3.85; -0.10 and +0.27, respectively. Meanwhile, the total indicator value in both production systems was -0.57 and -1.14. It can be concluded that both beef cattle production systems in South Konawe Regency carried out by smallholder farmers have not sus-tainable.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47330198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.2.97-106
N. Sohaimi, U. C. Clifford, M. Hair-Bejo
Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is a devastating disease of chickens caused by Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) and molecular studies of hexon gene is important for classification of FAdV isolates, epidemiology of IBH infection and development of effective control strategy. The objective of the study was to molecularly characterize FAdV isolates obtained from the field outbreaks of IBH in broiler chicken from 2017 to 2019. Liver and gizzard samples named UPM1701, UPM1801, UPM1802, UPM1901 and UPM1902 were collected and processed for FAdV detection and characterization by PCR. Swollen, necrotic and haemorrhagic liver; erosion of koilin layer of gizzard and enlargement of the proventriculus were observed. The samples were positive for FAdV with 98% to 100% identical to serotype 8b reference strains based on NCBI Blast. Thirty-one nucleotide changes that produced 10 amino acid substitutions were observed in L1 loop region of UPM1701, UPM1901 and UPM1902 isolates. All isolates clustered together with FAdV 8b reference strains and shared common ancestor with UPM1137E2 and UPM04217. Gizzard erosion in FAdV 8b infection is not common and conciding with mutations indicate evolving novel pathogenicity. These mutations could have effect on the epidemiology of IBH and be useful in designing effective prevention and control strategy.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of fowl adenovirus serotype 8b isolated from cases of inclusion body hepatitis in commercial broiler chickens","authors":"N. Sohaimi, U. C. Clifford, M. Hair-Bejo","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.2.97-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.2.97-106","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is a devastating disease of chickens caused by Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) and molecular studies of hexon gene is important for classification of FAdV isolates, epidemiology of IBH infection and development of effective control strategy. The objective of the study was to molecularly characterize FAdV isolates obtained from the field outbreaks of IBH in broiler chicken from 2017 to 2019. Liver and gizzard samples named UPM1701, UPM1801, UPM1802, UPM1901 and UPM1902 were collected and processed for FAdV detection and characterization by PCR. Swollen, necrotic and haemorrhagic liver; erosion of koilin layer of gizzard and enlargement of the proventriculus were observed. The samples were positive for FAdV with 98% to 100% identical to serotype 8b reference strains based on NCBI Blast. Thirty-one nucleotide changes that produced 10 amino acid substitutions were observed in L1 loop region of UPM1701, UPM1901 and UPM1902 isolates. All isolates clustered together with FAdV 8b reference strains and shared common ancestor with UPM1137E2 and UPM04217. Gizzard erosion in FAdV 8b infection is not common and conciding with mutations indicate evolving novel pathogenicity. These mutations could have effect on the epidemiology of IBH and be useful in designing effective prevention and control strategy. ","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43990970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.1.29-34
I. Udeh, O. P. Akporhuarho, E. Matthew
The aim of this study was to compare the external and internal egg quality of three layer strains namely Bovan Nera, ISA Brown and FUNAAB Alpha. One hundred and fifty eggs sampled from 120 birds per strain from 35 to 45 weeks of age were used for the study. Data collected were analysed using one way analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. ISA Brown had significantly (P<0.01) the heaviest eggs on the average at 45 weeks, followed by Bovan Nera and FUNAAB Alpha. The egg quality characteristics of Bovan Nera and ISA Brown were similar but significantly (P<0.05) superior to FUNAAB Alpha in egg width, egg volume, egg surface area and albumen weight. FUNAAB Alpha was significantly (P<0.05) the most superior in yolk weight only. Three principal components (PC1, PC2 and PC3) were produced from each strain after principal component analysis and varimax rotation. Estimation of breeding values based on the three principal components could be used for the selection and improvement of egg quality variables in each strain instead of isolated traits.
{"title":"Egg quality characteristics of three strains of layer chickens, a principal component analysis","authors":"I. Udeh, O. P. Akporhuarho, E. Matthew","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.1.29-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.1.29-34","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the external and internal egg quality of three layer strains namely Bovan Nera, ISA Brown and FUNAAB Alpha. One hundred and fifty eggs sampled from 120 birds per strain from 35 to 45 weeks of age were used for the study. Data collected were analysed using one way analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. ISA Brown had significantly (P<0.01) the heaviest eggs on the average at 45 weeks, followed by Bovan Nera and FUNAAB Alpha. The egg quality characteristics of Bovan Nera and ISA Brown were similar but significantly (P<0.05) superior to FUNAAB Alpha in egg width, egg volume, egg surface area and albumen weight. FUNAAB Alpha was significantly (P<0.05) the most superior in yolk weight only. Three principal components (PC1, PC2 and PC3) were produced from each strain after principal component analysis and varimax rotation. Estimation of breeding values based on the three principal components could be used for the selection and improvement of egg quality variables in each strain instead of isolated traits.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48181031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-11DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.4.356-363
R. Pambudy, A. K. Adhi, H. Herawati, H. Harianto
The role of modern markets is increasing in the food system in Indonesia, mainly as a result of technological and institutional advances. Indonesian households' food consumption still depends on staple food. The share of household expenditure on meat, eggs, and milk was only 12 percent. The purpose of the study was to analyze the pricing of livestock products in retail level in the modern market. The data used in this study is daily price data for beef, eggs, and chicken at wholesale and retail levels published through the National Strategic Food Price Information Center (PIHPSN) from January 2020 to December 2020. This study employed a quantitative method, through the formulation of an econometric model, and applied the 3SLS method to estimate the model. The results show that traders face an increasing price risk following the Covid-19 pandemic. The retailers enforce price stabilization at the consumer level when prices at the wholesaler level fluctuate. However, the study did not find the practice of price averaging between commodities at the retailers level. The results of this study are useful for policy formulations aimed at stabilizing food prices.
{"title":"Pricing of livestock products in Indonesian modern food retailers during covid-19 pandemic","authors":"R. Pambudy, A. K. Adhi, H. Herawati, H. Harianto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.46.4.356-363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.4.356-363","url":null,"abstract":"The role of modern markets is increasing in the food system in Indonesia, mainly as a result of technological and institutional advances. Indonesian households' food consumption still depends on staple food. The share of household expenditure on meat, eggs, and milk was only 12 percent. The purpose of the study was to analyze the pricing of livestock products in retail level in the modern market. The data used in this study is daily price data for beef, eggs, and chicken at wholesale and retail levels published through the National Strategic Food Price Information Center (PIHPSN) from January 2020 to December 2020. This study employed a quantitative method, through the formulation of an econometric model, and applied the 3SLS method to estimate the model. The results show that traders face an increasing price risk following the Covid-19 pandemic. The retailers enforce price stabilization at the consumer level when prices at the wholesaler level fluctuate. However, the study did not find the practice of price averaging between commodities at the retailers level. The results of this study are useful for policy formulations aimed at stabilizing food prices.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41711153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-11DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.1.44-54
H. D. Putranto, U. Santoso
The aim of this study was to analyze of Sauropus androgynus (SA) leaves powder supplementation on kampung hens reproductive traits. Forty kampung hens aged 4-5 months were distributed randomly into 4 treatments with 10 replications. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used as research design. Samples were placed in individual postal-litter system cages. The four groups were fed diets supplemented with 0, 4, 8, and 12% SA leaves powder for 8 weeks, respectively. The supplementation of SA leaves powder affected serum steroid hormone progesterone (P4) metabolite (P < 0.05), serum steroid hormone estradiol-17β (E2) metabolite concentration and a number of medium follicles yield significantly (P < 0.01). Concentration levels of serum steroid hormone E2 and P4 metabolites were 1 to 5-fold and 2 to 14-fold higher in supplemented hens than non-supplemented, respectively. In conclusion, supplementation of SA leaves increased serum steroid hormone E2 and P4 metabolite concentration, number, and weight of follicles. The role of precursor contained in SA leaves powder detected on Indonesia kampung hen’s reproductive traits.
{"title":"Effects of supplemented Sauropus androgynus leaves powder on reproductive traits of Indonesian indigenous hens","authors":"H. D. Putranto, U. Santoso","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.1.44-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.1.44-54","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze of Sauropus androgynus (SA) leaves powder supplementation on kampung hens reproductive traits. Forty kampung hens aged 4-5 months were distributed randomly into 4 treatments with 10 replications. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used as research design. Samples were placed in individual postal-litter system cages. The four groups were fed diets supplemented with 0, 4, 8, and 12% SA leaves powder for 8 weeks, respectively. The supplementation of SA leaves powder affected serum steroid hormone progesterone (P4) metabolite (P < 0.05), serum steroid hormone estradiol-17β (E2) metabolite concentration and a number of medium follicles yield significantly (P < 0.01). Concentration levels of serum steroid hormone E2 and P4 metabolites were 1 to 5-fold and 2 to 14-fold higher in supplemented hens than non-supplemented, respectively. In conclusion, supplementation of SA leaves increased serum steroid hormone E2 and P4 metabolite concentration, number, and weight of follicles. The role of precursor contained in SA leaves powder detected on Indonesia kampung hen’s reproductive traits.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48436100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-11DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.4.336-346
I. Mangisah, V. Yunianto, S. Sumarsih, S. Sugiharto
This study aimed to assess the effect of a mixture of garlic powder and Lactobacillus casei (GLC) on intestinal development, hematological parameters, nutrient digestibility, and performance of broilers in the starter phase. One hundred forty 1-day-old broiler chicks were divided into four groups, namely control (not given GLC supplement) and given GLC supplement either 1%, 2%, and 3% of total feed. Chickens were reared for 21 days in an open cage. On the 21st day of the experiment, blood collection, lymphoid organ and digestive organ weight, and performance data were recorded. Accumulative feed intake until day 21 did not differ (P>0.05) among treatment groups. In this study, there were improvements in the height of villi in the jejunum, and the acidity in the duodenum and caecum, due to the increase of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA: acetate and propionate). Protein and crude fiber digestibility in the GLC-given chickens was significantly higher than in the control group ((P≤0.05). GLC supplementation (1%, 2%, and 3% of total feed) significantly increased body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P≤0.05). In conclusion, the use of GLC during the starter phase can improve the nutrient digestibility, intestinal health, and performance of broiler chickens.
{"title":"Supplementation of garlic powder and Lactobacillus casei to improve nutrient digestibility, physiological conditions, and performance of broiler during starter phase","authors":"I. Mangisah, V. Yunianto, S. Sumarsih, S. Sugiharto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.46.4.336-346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.4.336-346","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the effect of a mixture of garlic powder and Lactobacillus casei (GLC) on intestinal development, hematological parameters, nutrient digestibility, and performance of broilers in the starter phase. One hundred forty 1-day-old broiler chicks were divided into four groups, namely control (not given GLC supplement) and given GLC supplement either 1%, 2%, and 3% of total feed. Chickens were reared for 21 days in an open cage. On the 21st day of the experiment, blood collection, lymphoid organ and digestive organ weight, and performance data were recorded. Accumulative feed intake until day 21 did not differ (P>0.05) among treatment groups. In this study, there were improvements in the height of villi in the jejunum, and the acidity in the duodenum and caecum, due to the increase of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA: acetate and propionate). Protein and crude fiber digestibility in the GLC-given chickens was significantly higher than in the control group ((P≤0.05). GLC supplementation (1%, 2%, and 3% of total feed) significantly increased body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P≤0.05). In conclusion, the use of GLC during the starter phase can improve the nutrient digestibility, intestinal health, and performance of broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45804904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.4.347-355
S. A. Salami, O. Adelusi, O. A. Isah, R. Aderinboye, L. Ajayi
The effect of caecotrope deprivation on growth, caecal metabolism and Volatile Fatty acid (VFA) production was studied in rabbits fed varying levels of dietary protein during a 42-days feeding trial. Fourty-eight mixed breed rabbits (average initial weight = 875±25 g) were divided into two groups viz; caecotrope consuming (CC) and caecotrope-deprived (CD) groups. Rabbits in the 2 groups were divided equally and assigned to 3 diets containing different crude protein (CP) levels (12, 15 and 18%) in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. The result revealed that increasing dietary CP improved (P<0.05) the proximate composition of the caecotrope. The live weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nitrogen utilization and VFA production in CD rabbits fed diets containing 18% CP were comparable (P<0.05) with those of CC fed diets with 15% CP. Nitrogen utilization increased (P<0.05) following increasing dietary crude protein level. Molar proportions of acetate, butyrate, and propionate were higher (P<0.05) in CC rabbit compared to CD. Lactobaccilus acidophilus was isolated from the caecum of CC rabbits. It was concluded that caecotrope deprivation has detrimental effect on growth, nitrogen metabolism, VFA production and caecal bacteria and this effect can be attenuated by increasing the dietary protein level in growing rabbits.
{"title":"Increasing dietary crude protein levels attenuates the effects of caecotrope deprivation in growing rabbits","authors":"S. A. Salami, O. Adelusi, O. A. Isah, R. Aderinboye, L. Ajayi","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.46.4.347-355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.4.347-355","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of caecotrope deprivation on growth, caecal metabolism and Volatile Fatty acid (VFA) production was studied in rabbits fed varying levels of dietary protein during a 42-days feeding trial. Fourty-eight mixed breed rabbits (average initial weight = 875±25 g) were divided into two groups viz; caecotrope consuming (CC) and caecotrope-deprived (CD) groups. Rabbits in the 2 groups were divided equally and assigned to 3 diets containing different crude protein (CP) levels (12, 15 and 18%) in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. The result revealed that increasing dietary CP improved (P<0.05) the proximate composition of the caecotrope. The live weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nitrogen utilization and VFA production in CD rabbits fed diets containing 18% CP were comparable (P<0.05) with those of CC fed diets with 15% CP. Nitrogen utilization increased (P<0.05) following increasing dietary crude protein level. Molar proportions of acetate, butyrate, and propionate were higher (P<0.05) in CC rabbit compared to CD. Lactobaccilus acidophilus was isolated from the caecum of CC rabbits. It was concluded that caecotrope deprivation has detrimental effect on growth, nitrogen metabolism, VFA production and caecal bacteria and this effect can be attenuated by increasing the dietary protein level in growing rabbits.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-29DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.47.1.17-28
D. Dairoh, J. Jakaria, M. Ulum, C. Sumantri
The objective of this study was to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the 3'UTR region of CAPN1 gene by direct sequencing technique in beef cattle and its influence on growth and meat quality of the contrast mode ultrasound image in Bali cattle. The numbers of beef cattle used were Bali cattle (n=52 heads) which compared to purebred Belgian Blue (n=30 heads), Limousine (n=14 heads), Wagyu (n=7 heads), and PO (n=10 heads). Genetic diversity data were obtained from calculations by PopGen 1.32 software. Ultrasound imaging of the thoracic longissimus dorsi muscle in Bali cattle was carried out between the 12 − 13 ribs, and the sonogram was analyzed by Image-J NIH software. The result shown that 3’UTR of CAPN1 gene was found in six discovery SNPs that polymorphic in Bali cattle, they were g.15284 C>T, g.15347 T>G, g.15525 G>A, g.15853 G>A, g.15905 G>A, g.15915 G>A and Indel mutation was polymorphic in Bali cattle, Belgian Blue, Limousine, and PO. There was no association between these SNPs and growth traits. However, SNP g.15525 G>A was significantly associated (P<0.05) with a backfat thickness (BFT) in Bali cattle. In conclusion, the CAPN1 gene in Bali cattle is a candidate for Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) related to meat quality.
{"title":"A New SNPs at 3’UTR Region of calpain 1 gene and its association with growth and meat quality traits in beef cattle","authors":"D. Dairoh, J. Jakaria, M. Ulum, C. Sumantri","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.47.1.17-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.47.1.17-28","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the 3'UTR region of CAPN1 gene by direct sequencing technique in beef cattle and its influence on growth and meat quality of the contrast mode ultrasound image in Bali cattle. The numbers of beef cattle used were Bali cattle (n=52 heads) which compared to purebred Belgian Blue (n=30 heads), Limousine (n=14 heads), Wagyu (n=7 heads), and PO (n=10 heads). Genetic diversity data were obtained from calculations by PopGen 1.32 software. Ultrasound imaging of the thoracic longissimus dorsi muscle in Bali cattle was carried out between the 12 − 13 ribs, and the sonogram was analyzed by Image-J NIH software. The result shown that 3’UTR of CAPN1 gene was found in six discovery SNPs that polymorphic in Bali cattle, they were g.15284 C>T, g.15347 T>G, g.15525 G>A, g.15853 G>A, g.15905 G>A, g.15915 G>A and Indel mutation was polymorphic in Bali cattle, Belgian Blue, Limousine, and PO. There was no association between these SNPs and growth traits. However, SNP g.15525 G>A was significantly associated (P<0.05) with a backfat thickness (BFT) in Bali cattle. In conclusion, the CAPN1 gene in Bali cattle is a candidate for Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) related to meat quality.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48131171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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