Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.126-142
I. Agusetyaningsih, B. Marifah, E. Widiastuti, H. I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, T. Sartono, S. Sugiharto
To improve growth performance and health, the broiler industry has recently incorporated plant sources and dairy milk byproducts as feed additives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) or their combination on production performance, physiological status, gut integrity and immune responses of broilers. A total of 364 day old broiler chicks were used and assigned according to a com-pletely randomized design with four dietary treatments, including CONT (basal feed as control), MOLE (basal feed + 1% MOLE), WPC (basal feed + 1% WPC), and MOLE-WPC (basal feed + 0.5% MOLE + 0.5% WPC). Daily weight gain and daily feed intake of broilers were higher in WPC and CONT groups (P<0.05) compared to MOLE group. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were lower in CONT and WPC (P<0.05) than in MOLE and MOLE-WPC groups. The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) were lower in MOLE group (P<0.05) than in MOLE-WPC. In comparison to the CONT and WPC groups, the villi height and ratio of villi to crypt depth in the duodenum were more favorable in the MOLE and MOLE-WPC groups. The lactose negative enterobacteria have a lower number (P<0.05) in MOLE group. Histologically, the jejunum, ileum, and spleen were in better condi-tion in the MOLE and MOLE-WPC groups (P<0.05) than in the other groups. In conclusion, supple-menting MOLE, WPC or their combination improved the gut integrity and immune organ, but had no appreciable impact on production performance and physiological status in broilers.
{"title":"Physiological condition, gut morphology and immune responses of broilers supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf extract, whey protein or their combination","authors":"I. Agusetyaningsih, B. Marifah, E. Widiastuti, H. I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, T. Sartono, S. Sugiharto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.126-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.126-142","url":null,"abstract":"To improve growth performance and health, the broiler industry has recently incorporated plant sources and dairy milk byproducts as feed additives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) or their combination on production performance, physiological status, gut integrity and immune responses of broilers. A total of 364 day old broiler chicks were used and assigned according to a com-pletely randomized design with four dietary treatments, including CONT (basal feed as control), MOLE (basal feed + 1% MOLE), WPC (basal feed + 1% WPC), and MOLE-WPC (basal feed + 0.5% MOLE + 0.5% WPC). Daily weight gain and daily feed intake of broilers were higher in WPC and CONT groups (P<0.05) compared to MOLE group. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were lower in CONT and WPC (P<0.05) than in MOLE and MOLE-WPC groups. The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) were lower in MOLE group (P<0.05) than in MOLE-WPC. In comparison to the CONT and WPC groups, the villi height and ratio of villi to crypt depth in the duodenum were more favorable in the MOLE and MOLE-WPC groups. The lactose negative enterobacteria have a lower number (P<0.05) in MOLE group. Histologically, the jejunum, ileum, and spleen were in better condi-tion in the MOLE and MOLE-WPC groups (P<0.05) than in the other groups. In conclusion, supple-menting MOLE, WPC or their combination improved the gut integrity and immune organ, but had no appreciable impact on production performance and physiological status in broilers.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46048988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.143-149
A. Setiaji, D. A. Lestari, B. Ma'rifah, L. Krismiyanto, I. Agusetyaningsih, S. Sugiharto
An experiment was conducted to estimate growth parameters for commercial broiler chickens in Indonesia. The data was collected from July 2021 to June 2022. A total of 1,570 samples consisting of four strains of broiler chickens were collected from 74 houses. The samples were daily weighed from 0 to 7 days of age, and they were weekly weighed from 1 to 5 weeks of age. A nonlinear Gompertz growth model was fitted to the observed body weights (BW). The results for five growth parameters were as follows: the asymptotic value (A) of the mature live weight ranged from 3.733 to 5.044 kg; the turning point of growth (B) ranged from 4.499 to 4.561; the value growth rate constant (K) ranged from 0.049 to 0.059 kg/week; Inflection points in ranged from 25.292 – 30.970 days, and 1.373 – 1.855 kg for inflection age (IA) and inflection weight (IW), respectively. The model was an excellent fit for the growth data in the commercial broiler with a low Akaike information criterion (AIC), and high coeffi-cient determination (R2).
{"title":"Gomperzt non-linear model for predicting growth performance of commercial broiler chickens","authors":"A. Setiaji, D. A. Lestari, B. Ma'rifah, L. Krismiyanto, I. Agusetyaningsih, S. Sugiharto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.143-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.143-149","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to estimate growth parameters for commercial broiler chickens in Indonesia. The data was collected from July 2021 to June 2022. A total of 1,570 samples consisting of four strains of broiler chickens were collected from 74 houses. The samples were daily weighed from 0 to 7 days of age, and they were weekly weighed from 1 to 5 weeks of age. A nonlinear Gompertz growth model was fitted to the observed body weights (BW). The results for five growth parameters were as follows: the asymptotic value (A) of the mature live weight ranged from 3.733 to 5.044 kg; the turning point of growth (B) ranged from 4.499 to 4.561; the value growth rate constant (K) ranged from 0.049 to 0.059 kg/week; Inflection points in ranged from 25.292 – 30.970 days, and 1.373 – 1.855 kg for inflection age (IA) and inflection weight (IW), respectively. The model was an excellent fit for the growth data in the commercial broiler with a low Akaike information criterion (AIC), and high coeffi-cient determination (R2).","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.101-112
S. Tessema, M. Girma, M. Yirgalem, N. Ameha, T. Zeryehun
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of mixtures of Ruta graveolen (Rg), coriander (C), and basil (B) seed extracts on productive performance, blood profiles, egg quality and egg chemi-cal composition of White Leghorn (WL) layers. One hundred eighty WL layers at twenty- six weeks of age were randomly distributed to four treatments, each replicated three times with fifteen layers per replications in a completely randomized design and kept on a deep litter system for eight weeks. The treatments (T) were water containing mixtures of Ruta graveolen, coriander, and basil seed extract with the proportion of 0 ml (T1), 2 ml (T2), 4ml (T3), and 6 ml (T4) per liter of water. The hen day egg pro-duction (HDEP) was significantly (P<0.05) higher for layers in T3 (50.75%). Serum cholesterol and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels decreased significantly while, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and globulin increased significantly (P<0.01) when compared with the control. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) among treatments in egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, shell weight and thickness. Generally; the mixtures of Rg, C, and B seed extracts in 4ml/1lt in drinking water could increase HDEP and egg quality and reduce serum cholesterol.
本试验旨在研究芦丁(Rg)、香菜(C)和罗勒(B)种子提取物混合配制对白来角蛋鸡生产性能、血液特征、鸡蛋品质和鸡蛋化学成分的影响。将180只26周龄的白垩白蛋鸡随机分为4个处理，每个处理重复3次，每个重复15只蛋鸡，采用完全随机设计，在深层凋落物系统中饲养8周。处理(T)为含有芦丁、香菜和罗勒籽提取物的水混合物，比例为每升水0 ml (T1)、2 ml (T2)、4ml (T3)和6 ml (T4)。蛋重、蛋白重、蛋黄重、壳重、厚度各处理的母鸡日产蛋率均显著(P0.05)高于对照组。一般;Rg、C、B种子提取物以4ml/1lt的比例混合在饮用水中，可提高HDEP和鸡蛋品质，降低血清胆固醇。
{"title":"Evaluation of Ruta graveolen, coriander and basil seed extracts as natural additives on productive performance, blood profiles and egg quality of White Leghorn layers","authors":"S. Tessema, M. Girma, M. Yirgalem, N. Ameha, T. Zeryehun","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.101-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.101-112","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to investigate the effect of mixtures of Ruta graveolen (Rg), coriander (C), and basil (B) seed extracts on productive performance, blood profiles, egg quality and egg chemi-cal composition of White Leghorn (WL) layers. One hundred eighty WL layers at twenty- six weeks of age were randomly distributed to four treatments, each replicated three times with fifteen layers per replications in a completely randomized design and kept on a deep litter system for eight weeks. The treatments (T) were water containing mixtures of Ruta graveolen, coriander, and basil seed extract with the proportion of 0 ml (T1), 2 ml (T2), 4ml (T3), and 6 ml (T4) per liter of water. The hen day egg pro-duction (HDEP) was significantly (P<0.05) higher for layers in T3 (50.75%). Serum cholesterol and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels decreased significantly while, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and globulin increased significantly (P<0.01) when compared with the control. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) among treatments in egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, shell weight and thickness. Generally; the mixtures of Rg, C, and B seed extracts in 4ml/1lt in drinking water could increase HDEP and egg quality and reduce serum cholesterol.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45928728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.89-100
O. Almasri, S. Abou-Bakr, M. A. M. Ibrahim, M. A. Awad
This study aimed to compare the longevity and productive lifetime traits between Shami and Hol-stein cows under subtropical conditions, in addition to assess the effect of age at first calving (AFC), first lactation milk yield (FLMY), year and season of first calving on the studied traits in both breeds. The available data included 495 records for Shami and 1129 records for Holstein from birth to disposal date during the period from 1982 to 2014.The studied traits were lifespan (LS), productive life (PL), cow efficiency index (CEI), number of calvings (NC), lifetime milk production (LMP), total lactation periods (TLP), lifetime daily milk production (LDMP), and total dry periods (TDP). The least squares means of LS, PL, CEI and NC were 96.3±1.80 months, 73.2±2.80 months, 64.9±0.008 % and 4.3±0.12 calving for Shami cows in respective order. The corresponding figures for Holstein cows were 66.1±1.81 months, 43.5±2.81 months, 56.4±0.012 % and 3.5±0.19 calving, respectively. The means of LMP, TLP, LDMP and TDP were 7713±563.38 kg, 787±33.43 days, 2.7±0.13 kg and 890±25.55 days for Shami cows and 14406±875.77 kg, 1049±51.96 days, 5.9±0.20 kg and 275±39.72 days for Hol-stein, respectively.The effect of breed was highly significant (P<0.01) on all studied traits. Cows for both breeds with AFC less than 24 months had more PL and NC. Also, cows with the highest average FLMY had the highest LMP, LDMP and TLP. It could be concluded that under the subtropical condi-tions, Shami cows exhibit superiority for longevity traits compared to Holstein ones.
{"title":"comparative study between Shami and Holstein cows for longevity and productive lifetime traits under subtropical conditions","authors":"O. Almasri, S. Abou-Bakr, M. A. M. Ibrahim, M. A. Awad","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.89-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.89-100","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the longevity and productive lifetime traits between Shami and Hol-stein cows under subtropical conditions, in addition to assess the effect of age at first calving (AFC), first lactation milk yield (FLMY), year and season of first calving on the studied traits in both breeds. The available data included 495 records for Shami and 1129 records for Holstein from birth to disposal date during the period from 1982 to 2014.The studied traits were lifespan (LS), productive life (PL), cow efficiency index (CEI), number of calvings (NC), lifetime milk production (LMP), total lactation periods (TLP), lifetime daily milk production (LDMP), and total dry periods (TDP). The least squares means of LS, PL, CEI and NC were 96.3±1.80 months, 73.2±2.80 months, 64.9±0.008 % and 4.3±0.12 calving for Shami cows in respective order. The corresponding figures for Holstein cows were 66.1±1.81 months, 43.5±2.81 months, 56.4±0.012 % and 3.5±0.19 calving, respectively. The means of LMP, TLP, LDMP and TDP were 7713±563.38 kg, 787±33.43 days, 2.7±0.13 kg and 890±25.55 days for Shami cows and 14406±875.77 kg, 1049±51.96 days, 5.9±0.20 kg and 275±39.72 days for Hol-stein, respectively.The effect of breed was highly significant (P<0.01) on all studied traits. Cows for both breeds with AFC less than 24 months had more PL and NC. Also, cows with the highest average FLMY had the highest LMP, LDMP and TLP. It could be concluded that under the subtropical condi-tions, Shami cows exhibit superiority for longevity traits compared to Holstein ones.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45667836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-06DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.150-158
M. Kalhor, N. Eila, A. Zarei, A. Noshary
This research investigated the effect of stress of mid-pregnancy shorn Zandi ewes on the live birth weight and body sizes of twin lambs. A total of 96 Zandi ewes, confirmed pregnant with twins, were randomly allocated on day 80 of pregnancy into 4 groups, each group containing 6 replicates (each replicate containing 4 sheep). The experimental groups included: 1. Control, 2. Crutched, 3. Sham-Shorn, and 4. Shorn. Blood cortisol concentrations of the ewes in the experimental shorn treat-ment group increased significantly compared to control (P<0.05). The average length of pregnancy in the ewes of the shorn treatment group was 2 and 1.5 days longer than the control and Sham-Shorn groups (P<0.05). Lambs born from ewes given the shorn treatment were heavier at birth as compared to the lambs of the other treatments, as well as having longer body lengths, arms, and legs (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that the ewes that were shorn in mid-pregnancy had a higher cortisol con-centration, and it had a significant effect on the birth weight and sizes of the lambs compared to other treatments.
本试验研究了妊娠中期剪短赞地母羊应激对双羔活产重和体尺的影响。选取96只已确定怀孕双胞胎的赞地母羊，于妊娠第80天随机分为4组，每组6个重复(每个重复4只羊)。实验组包括:1;控制,2。有支柱的3。Sham-Shorn和4。修剪。实验剪短组母羊血皮质醇浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。剪毛组母羊平均妊娠期分别比对照组和假剪毛组长2天和1.5 d (P<0.05)。与其他处理的羔羊相比，剪毛处理的母羊出生时体重更重，体长、手臂和腿更长(P<0.05)。总的来说，结果表明，在妊娠中期剪短的母羊皮质醇浓度较高，与其他处理相比，它对羔羊的出生体重和大小有显著影响。
{"title":"The stressing effect of shearing in mid-pregnancy of Zandi ewes on live weight and body sizes of twin lambs at the time of birth","authors":"M. Kalhor, N. Eila, A. Zarei, A. Noshary","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.150-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.150-158","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigated the effect of stress of mid-pregnancy shorn Zandi ewes on the live birth weight and body sizes of twin lambs. A total of 96 Zandi ewes, confirmed pregnant with twins, were randomly allocated on day 80 of pregnancy into 4 groups, each group containing 6 replicates (each replicate containing 4 sheep). The experimental groups included: 1. Control, 2. Crutched, 3. Sham-Shorn, and 4. Shorn. Blood cortisol concentrations of the ewes in the experimental shorn treat-ment group increased significantly compared to control (P<0.05). The average length of pregnancy in the ewes of the shorn treatment group was 2 and 1.5 days longer than the control and Sham-Shorn groups (P<0.05). Lambs born from ewes given the shorn treatment were heavier at birth as compared to the lambs of the other treatments, as well as having longer body lengths, arms, and legs (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that the ewes that were shorn in mid-pregnancy had a higher cortisol con-centration, and it had a significant effect on the birth weight and sizes of the lambs compared to other treatments.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42792874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.113-125
M. Fauzi, I. I. Arief, Z. Abidin
This study aimed to analyze the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of applying an antibacterial water filter made from zeolite composites in laying hens. This study used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern with 2 factors and 3 replications for egg quality. Factor A is the zeolite treatment, and factor B is the day of egg collection after being filtered. If the measures show a significant difference, it is continued with the least significant difference test, and the chemical quali-ty of the eggs and the microbiology of the eggs are tested using the t-test analysis (paired samples). The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the zeolite treatment and the day after the filter was installed after the eggs were collected. This increases the value of egg length, egg width, shell weight, shell thickness, and haugh units. Furthermore, the chemical quality of eggs treated with zeolite alone on day 3 had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the dry matter and egg fat content . The microbiological quality of the eggs also showed that the zeolite treatment reduced the TPC value and effectively killed Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. It was concluded that the application of zeolite filters to the drinking water of laying hens could improve physical quality, maintain chemical quality, and is effective as an antibacterial against bacterial populations, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp bacteria in eggs.
{"title":"Water filter application with zeolit composite material in laying hens farm towards the egg quality","authors":"M. Fauzi, I. I. Arief, Z. Abidin","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.113-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.113-125","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of applying an antibacterial water filter made from zeolite composites in laying hens. This study used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern with 2 factors and 3 replications for egg quality. Factor A is the zeolite treatment, and factor B is the day of egg collection after being filtered. If the measures show a significant difference, it is continued with the least significant difference test, and the chemical quali-ty of the eggs and the microbiology of the eggs are tested using the t-test analysis (paired samples). The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the zeolite treatment and the day after the filter was installed after the eggs were collected. This increases the value of egg length, egg width, shell weight, shell thickness, and haugh units. Furthermore, the chemical quality of eggs treated with zeolite alone on day 3 had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the dry matter and egg fat content . The microbiological quality of the eggs also showed that the zeolite treatment reduced the TPC value and effectively killed Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. It was concluded that the application of zeolite filters to the drinking water of laying hens could improve physical quality, maintain chemical quality, and is effective as an antibacterial against bacterial populations, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp bacteria in eggs.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41326509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.2.76-88
A. Ismail, Ashraf Muhammad, L. T. Kee, L. T. Chwen, A. Samsudin
The effects of RPF on metabolites and reproductive genes in testes of Malin ram was investigated. Twenty Malin rams (36.6kg ± 5.57 kg of bodyweight), were subjected to four dietary treatments; A: basal diet without rumen-protected fat (RPF), B; basal diet with 2% prilled fat, C; basal diet with 2% calcium salt and D; basal diet with 2% canola oil. At the end of the experiment four out of five animals from each group were slaughtered. The testes were excised for metabolites and gene expression stud-ies. The genes tested were associated to testes development and spermatogenesis (ODF1, SERPINA10, CatSper4, AdipoR2 and DAZL). Feeding RPF with calcium salt (Treatment C) has resulted in the up-regulation more than two folds in all reproductive genes. There were metabolites changes occurred between the groups and identified 44 important putative metabolites present in the testes. In conclu-sion, feeding of RPF to the animals as a source of energy has up-regulated the genes and identified the metabolites involve in the male reproductive tissues and activities.
{"title":"Effects of rumen-protected fat on changes of metabolites and reproductive genes in testes of Malin rams","authors":"A. Ismail, Ashraf Muhammad, L. T. Kee, L. T. Chwen, A. Samsudin","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.2.76-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.2.76-88","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of RPF on metabolites and reproductive genes in testes of Malin ram was investigated. Twenty Malin rams (36.6kg ± 5.57 kg of bodyweight), were subjected to four dietary treatments; A: basal diet without rumen-protected fat (RPF), B; basal diet with 2% prilled fat, C; basal diet with 2% calcium salt and D; basal diet with 2% canola oil. At the end of the experiment four out of five animals from each group were slaughtered. The testes were excised for metabolites and gene expression stud-ies. The genes tested were associated to testes development and spermatogenesis (ODF1, SERPINA10, CatSper4, AdipoR2 and DAZL). Feeding RPF with calcium salt (Treatment C) has resulted in the up-regulation more than two folds in all reproductive genes. There were metabolites changes occurred between the groups and identified 44 important putative metabolites present in the testes. In conclu-sion, feeding of RPF to the animals as a source of energy has up-regulated the genes and identified the metabolites involve in the male reproductive tissues and activities.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48380954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.58-73
M. Al-qazzaz, A. M. Humam, H. A. AI- Mashhadani, O. A. Aljumaili, H. N. Ezzat
This study evaluated the effects of adding Conocarpus erectus leaf meal to the diet on the perfor-mance, carcass traits, organ weights, and intestinal morphology of broiler chicken. A total of 396 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were assigned to nine treatments, which included 0, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, and 2% C. erectus leaf meal addition to the broiler diet. Feed and bird weights were recorded weekly. On slaughter day, the weights of carcasses and organs were individual-ly reported using a digital scale as well as the intestine samples were pooled for tissue analysis. High levels of C. erectus leaf meal reduced (P<0.01) body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. The basal diet and 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal diet reported higher (P<0.01) body weight and body weight gain than did the other treatments. Birds fed 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal supplementation performed similarly to those fed the basal diet. Significantly, with increasing amounts of C. erectus leaf meal in the diets, there was a linear slope decrease in live weight and body weight gain as well as a linear slope rise in the values of feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Carcass trait and relative organ weights were not altered among the dietary treatments. Feeding 1% C. erectus leaf meal diet decreased (P<0.01) relative abdominal fat weight compared to birds fed the control diet. Birds fed dietary C. erectus treatments had higher (P<0.01) villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and lower villus height/crypt depth ratio than did birds fed the control diet. In conclusion, the study indicated that feeding 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal showed no deleterious effects on the growth performance of the broiler. Growth performance and intestinal morphology were linearly reduced when broilers were fed up 2% of C. erectus meal.
{"title":"Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and carcass traits in broiler chicken fed Conocarpus erectus leaf meal","authors":"M. Al-qazzaz, A. M. Humam, H. A. AI- Mashhadani, O. A. Aljumaili, H. N. Ezzat","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.58-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.58-73","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of adding Conocarpus erectus leaf meal to the diet on the perfor-mance, carcass traits, organ weights, and intestinal morphology of broiler chicken. A total of 396 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were assigned to nine treatments, which included 0, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, and 2% C. erectus leaf meal addition to the broiler diet. Feed and bird weights were recorded weekly. On slaughter day, the weights of carcasses and organs were individual-ly reported using a digital scale as well as the intestine samples were pooled for tissue analysis. High levels of C. erectus leaf meal reduced (P<0.01) body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. The basal diet and 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal diet reported higher (P<0.01) body weight and body weight gain than did the other treatments. Birds fed 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal supplementation performed similarly to those fed the basal diet. Significantly, with increasing amounts of C. erectus leaf meal in the diets, there was a linear slope decrease in live weight and body weight gain as well as a linear slope rise in the values of feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Carcass trait and relative organ weights were not altered among the dietary treatments. Feeding 1% C. erectus leaf meal diet decreased (P<0.01) relative abdominal fat weight compared to birds fed the control diet. Birds fed dietary C. erectus treatments had higher (P<0.01) villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and lower villus height/crypt depth ratio than did birds fed the control diet. In conclusion, the study indicated that feeding 0.25% C. erectus leaf meal showed no deleterious effects on the growth performance of the broiler. Growth performance and intestinal morphology were linearly reduced when broilers were fed up 2% of C. erectus meal.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46743102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.47-57
H. I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, E. Widiastuti, T. Sartono, I. Agusetyaningsih, S. Sugiharto
The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae or its combination on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia excretion of hens at the late lay-ing period. At 81 weeks old, 144 Lohmann Brown layer chickens were divided into four treatment groups included CON (hens fed basal feed), SP (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis), SC (basal feed + 0.2% S. cerevisiae), and SPSC (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis + 0.2% S. cerevisiae). At the end of the study, eggs, intestinal mucosa, digesta, excreta and blood sample were collected. Results showed that albumin index was higher (P<0.05) in SPSC group than in CON, SP and SC. The yolk index and yolk colour were greater (P<0.05) in SP and SPSC groups than in CON and SC. The erythrocyte values were high-er (P<0.05) in SP group compared to CON, SC and SPSC groups. The ileum pH was higher (P<0.05) in SP than in CON, SC and SPSC. Lactic acid bacteria counts were lower (P<0.05) in the caecum of SC and SPSC than in CON and SP groups. The lower (P<0.05) counts of lactose-negative Enterobacte-riaceae were shown in SC and SPSC than in CON. The excreta pH was lower (P<0.05) in SC group compared to CON, SP and SPSC groups. There were better (P<0.05) protein digestibility coefficient and nitrogen retention in SPSC group than others. Faecal ammonia decreased (P<0.05) in SP, SC and SPSC groups. In conclusion, S. platensis improved egg yolk index and colour, increased erythrocyte counts and played an important role in maintaining the balance of bacteria in the intestine resulting in reduced ammonia excretion. Dietary inclusion of S. cerevisiae reduced ammonia excretion of laying hens during the late laying period.
{"title":"Dietary supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia emission of hens at the late laying period","authors":"H. I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, E. Widiastuti, T. Sartono, I. Agusetyaningsih, S. Sugiharto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.47-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.47-57","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae or its combination on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia excretion of hens at the late lay-ing period. At 81 weeks old, 144 Lohmann Brown layer chickens were divided into four treatment groups included CON (hens fed basal feed), SP (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis), SC (basal feed + 0.2% S. cerevisiae), and SPSC (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis + 0.2% S. cerevisiae). At the end of the study, eggs, intestinal mucosa, digesta, excreta and blood sample were collected. Results showed that albumin index was higher (P<0.05) in SPSC group than in CON, SP and SC. The yolk index and yolk colour were greater (P<0.05) in SP and SPSC groups than in CON and SC. The erythrocyte values were high-er (P<0.05) in SP group compared to CON, SC and SPSC groups. The ileum pH was higher (P<0.05) in SP than in CON, SC and SPSC. Lactic acid bacteria counts were lower (P<0.05) in the caecum of SC and SPSC than in CON and SP groups. The lower (P<0.05) counts of lactose-negative Enterobacte-riaceae were shown in SC and SPSC than in CON. The excreta pH was lower (P<0.05) in SC group compared to CON, SP and SPSC groups. There were better (P<0.05) protein digestibility coefficient and nitrogen retention in SPSC group than others. Faecal ammonia decreased (P<0.05) in SP, SC and SPSC groups. In conclusion, S. platensis improved egg yolk index and colour, increased erythrocyte counts and played an important role in maintaining the balance of bacteria in the intestine resulting in reduced ammonia excretion. Dietary inclusion of S. cerevisiae reduced ammonia excretion of laying hens during the late laying period. ","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42201393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.28-36
E. T. Setiatin, D. A. Lestari, D. W. Harjanti, A. Setiaji, E. Kurnianto
The objective of this study was to discover and identify the effect of SNP of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gen on prolific traits in Kejobong (KJ) and Etawah grade (EG) doe. A total of 15 blood samples were taken from 11 KJ and 4 EG with various parity and type of birth. The FSHR gene was amplified from the DNA template by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); the PCR products were then sequenced to determine Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP). Results showed that 3 SNPs were identified, and those SNPs altered amino acid sequence formed 6 haplotypes and divided the doe based on the type of birth. In conclusion, SNPs identified in this study are associated with a prolific trait that can be used as a genetic marker and haplotype 3, 4, and 5 showed the highest prolific on KJ and EG doe.
{"title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene exploration as possible markers for prolific trait of local goat in Indonesia","authors":"E. T. Setiatin, D. A. Lestari, D. W. Harjanti, A. Setiaji, E. Kurnianto","doi":"10.14710/jitaa.48.1.28-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.48.1.28-36","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to discover and identify the effect of SNP of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gen on prolific traits in Kejobong (KJ) and Etawah grade (EG) doe. A total of 15 blood samples were taken from 11 KJ and 4 EG with various parity and type of birth. The FSHR gene was amplified from the DNA template by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); the PCR products were then sequenced to determine Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP). Results showed that 3 SNPs were identified, and those SNPs altered amino acid sequence formed 6 haplotypes and divided the doe based on the type of birth. In conclusion, SNPs identified in this study are associated with a prolific trait that can be used as a genetic marker and haplotype 3, 4, and 5 showed the highest prolific on KJ and EG doe.","PeriodicalId":17297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture","volume":"7 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41260707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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