Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.j2021031
Daiki Matsui, K. Morita, D. Terada, Kento Ikeda, S. Miura
Kink formation and kink strengthening mechanisms were examined in the polycrystalline Ti 3 SiC 2 – MAX phase prepared by a spark – plasma – sintering technique. The creep behavior tested by compression at 1200 ℃ showed two deformation regions depending on the applied stresses; at lower stresses of <120MPa, the stress exponent n exhibited ≈ 1.8, whereas at higher stresses, it exhibited n ≥ 6.0. The creep behavior can be ascribed to grain boundary sliding mechanism for the lower stresses with n ≈ 1.8 and dislocation – related creep mechanisms for the higher stresses with n ≥ 6.0. The kink bands were frequently observed to form in the grains deformed only at the higher stresses when its basal plane inclined by about 10 – 20° against the compressive axis. This suggests that the kink bands might be formed only when two factors of the large stresses acting on the basal plane and the resultant dislocation activities were satis fi ed. Nanoindentation tests conducted around the formed kink boundaries showed that the hardness increased linearly with decreasing in the distance from the kink boundaries and showed higher values around the kink boundaries. Since the kink boundaries blocked the slip line caused by the nanoindentation, those become a resistance against the dislocation motion caused by the indentation deformation. This suggests that the kink boundaries would be contributed to improve the mechanical properties of the Ti 3 SiC 2 – MAX phase. ［ doi:10.2320 / jinstmet.J2021031 ］
{"title":"Kink Formation through Creep Deformation and Possibility of Kink Strengthening in Ti3SiC2-MAX Phase","authors":"Daiki Matsui, K. Morita, D. Terada, Kento Ikeda, S. Miura","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.j2021031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.j2021031","url":null,"abstract":"Kink formation and kink strengthening mechanisms were examined in the polycrystalline Ti 3 SiC 2 – MAX phase prepared by a spark – plasma – sintering technique. The creep behavior tested by compression at 1200 ℃ showed two deformation regions depending on the applied stresses; at lower stresses of <120MPa, the stress exponent n exhibited ≈ 1.8, whereas at higher stresses, it exhibited n ≥ 6.0. The creep behavior can be ascribed to grain boundary sliding mechanism for the lower stresses with n ≈ 1.8 and dislocation – related creep mechanisms for the higher stresses with n ≥ 6.0. The kink bands were frequently observed to form in the grains deformed only at the higher stresses when its basal plane inclined by about 10 – 20° against the compressive axis. This suggests that the kink bands might be formed only when two factors of the large stresses acting on the basal plane and the resultant dislocation activities were satis fi ed. Nanoindentation tests conducted around the formed kink boundaries showed that the hardness increased linearly with decreasing in the distance from the kink boundaries and showed higher values around the kink boundaries. Since the kink boundaries blocked the slip line caused by the nanoindentation, those become a resistance against the dislocation motion caused by the indentation deformation. This suggests that the kink boundaries would be contributed to improve the mechanical properties of the Ti 3 SiC 2 – MAX phase. ［ doi:10.2320 / jinstmet.J2021031 ］","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"21 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82713159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.j2021032
K. Ochi, M. Sekiguchi, S. Oue, Hiroaki Nakano
It was investigated whether the spherical electrolytic copper powder could be electrolyzed by adding polyethyleneimine ( PEI ) in the electrolytic solution. In order to identify the optimum electrolysis conditions for the electrodeposition of spherical copper powder, we investigated the e ff ect of molecular weight of PEI, the amount of PEI added, the current density, and the cathode material on the morphology of electrolytic copper powder. The electrodeposited copper powder was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope, a laser di ff raction scattering particle size distribution measuring device, and an X – ray di ff ractometer. It was found that the spherical copper powder can be obtained by electrolysis at 3000A·m − 2 scraping copper powder every 10 to 60s in solution containing 0.126mol·dm − 3 Cu 2+ , 0.5mol·dm − 3 free H 2 SO 4 and − 3 PEI with average molecular weight 10000. ［ doi:10.2320 jinstmet.J2021032
{"title":"Production of Spherical Electrolytic Copper Powder from the Solution Containing Polyethyleneimine","authors":"K. Ochi, M. Sekiguchi, S. Oue, Hiroaki Nakano","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.j2021032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.j2021032","url":null,"abstract":"It was investigated whether the spherical electrolytic copper powder could be electrolyzed by adding polyethyleneimine ( PEI ) in the electrolytic solution. In order to identify the optimum electrolysis conditions for the electrodeposition of spherical copper powder, we investigated the e ff ect of molecular weight of PEI, the amount of PEI added, the current density, and the cathode material on the morphology of electrolytic copper powder. The electrodeposited copper powder was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope, a laser di ff raction scattering particle size distribution measuring device, and an X – ray di ff ractometer. It was found that the spherical copper powder can be obtained by electrolysis at 3000A·m − 2 scraping copper powder every 10 to 60s in solution containing 0.126mol·dm − 3 Cu 2+ , 0.5mol·dm − 3 free H 2 SO 4 and − 3 PEI with average molecular weight 10000. ［ doi:10.2320 jinstmet.J2021032","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78428678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.j2021014
T. Nagata, K. Takeda, H. Adachi, K. Ishikawa, Y. Miyajima
Electrical resistivity and Vickers hardness of Alloy 625 due to cold rolling were measured, and, discussed with the microstructural change obtained using electron backscattered di ff raction and X – ray di ff raction. Both increase in dislocation density and grain subdivision due to rolling was observed. Although the electrical resistivity of the normal pure metals increases with increasing the rolling reduction, that of Alloy 625 initially decreased with increasing the rolling reduction of 70 ％ . Then, the electrical resistivity slightly increased with increasing the rolling reduction of 80 ％ . Up to the rolling reduction of 70 ％ , the reduction of electrical resistivity is associated with K e ff ect, which is the destroy of the short – range ordered domain due to the plastic deformation. On the other hand, Vickers hardness increased with increasing the rolling reduction. It was associated with the contribution of grain re fi nement, dislocation, solid solution, and sort – range order strengthening. doi:10.2320
{"title":"A Comparison Study of Electrical Resistivity, Vickers Hardness, and Microstructures of Alloy 625 Prior and Posterior to Rolling","authors":"T. Nagata, K. Takeda, H. Adachi, K. Ishikawa, Y. Miyajima","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.j2021014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.j2021014","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical resistivity and Vickers hardness of Alloy 625 due to cold rolling were measured, and, discussed with the microstructural change obtained using electron backscattered di ff raction and X – ray di ff raction. Both increase in dislocation density and grain subdivision due to rolling was observed. Although the electrical resistivity of the normal pure metals increases with increasing the rolling reduction, that of Alloy 625 initially decreased with increasing the rolling reduction of 70 ％ . Then, the electrical resistivity slightly increased with increasing the rolling reduction of 80 ％ . Up to the rolling reduction of 70 ％ , the reduction of electrical resistivity is associated with K e ff ect, which is the destroy of the short – range ordered domain due to the plastic deformation. On the other hand, Vickers hardness increased with increasing the rolling reduction. It was associated with the contribution of grain re fi nement, dislocation, solid solution, and sort – range order strengthening. doi:10.2320","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76079738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.jpr2021901
Yu-ki Taninouchi, T. Okabe
{"title":"Frontier of Recycling Technology for Precious Metals II","authors":"Yu-ki Taninouchi, T. Okabe","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.jpr2021901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.jpr2021901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85639950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.ja202102
T. Ouchi, T. Okabe
{"title":"New Process to Recycle Precious Metals Using Electrochemical Anodic Deposition","authors":"T. Ouchi, T. Okabe","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.ja202102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.ja202102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74609644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.ja202101
Yasukatsu Sasaki, Norimasa Ohtsuka
{"title":"Recycling of Precious Metals and Rare Metals in JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation","authors":"Yasukatsu Sasaki, Norimasa Ohtsuka","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.ja202101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.ja202101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80750430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.ja202104
Tomoya Suzuki, Ryo Kasuya, H. Narita
Highly effective refining of precious metals requires detailed knowledge of the chemical properties of their complexes in leaching solutions. Speciation studies on precious metal ions in solution have been performed for about a century. Early studies have mainly provided stability constants between precious metal ions and their ligands. Recently, improvement of analytical technologies has facilitated advanced speciation including determination of the information on detailed structure for the metal complexes. This review presents the dominant species of precious metal complexes in cyanogen, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid solutions, and their leaching systems. In addition, conventional and current speciation methods are discussed. [doi:10.2320/jinstmet.JA202104]
{"title":"Review of Recent Progress on Dissolution of Precious Metals and Speciation of Their Complexes in Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Tomoya Suzuki, Ryo Kasuya, H. Narita","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.ja202104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.ja202104","url":null,"abstract":"Highly effective refining of precious metals requires detailed knowledge of the chemical properties of their complexes in leaching solutions. Speciation studies on precious metal ions in solution have been performed for about a century. Early studies have mainly provided stability constants between precious metal ions and their ligands. Recently, improvement of analytical technologies has facilitated advanced speciation including determination of the information on detailed structure for the metal complexes. This review presents the dominant species of precious metal complexes in cyanogen, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid solutions, and their leaching systems. In addition, conventional and current speciation methods are discussed. [doi:10.2320/jinstmet.JA202104]","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82037210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Urban Mines” Recycling in Astec-irie Co., Ltd.","authors":"Hiroyuki Takahashi, Inoue Eiji, N. Inoue, Komori Yuji, Konishi Masakazu, Mizuki Noda, Taichi Mizue","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.ja202103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.ja202103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"94 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83650359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.ja202106
Takehiko Suzuki, Yukitake Nakano, Y. Kayanuma, Y. Shindo
Recently, the recycling of precious metals from scrap generated during manufacturing processes and from end–of–use products has encountered issues associated with environmental regulations. Furthermore, there is a continuous increase in the demand for precious–metal materials with better qualities. The initiatives undertaken by Matsuda Sangyo Co., Ltd. to overcome the abovementioned challenges are discussed in this paper. These initiatives include the development of high–quality sputtering target materials and the effective use of nitrogen– containing wastewater generated from recycling processes. Advanced recycling technologies for lithium–ion batteries are also introduced. [doi:10.2320/jinstmet.JA202106]
{"title":"Precious Metal Materials and Their Recycling in Matsuda Sangyo Co., Ltd.","authors":"Takehiko Suzuki, Yukitake Nakano, Y. Kayanuma, Y. Shindo","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.ja202106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.ja202106","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the recycling of precious metals from scrap generated during manufacturing processes and from end–of–use products has encountered issues associated with environmental regulations. Furthermore, there is a continuous increase in the demand for precious–metal materials with better qualities. The initiatives undertaken by Matsuda Sangyo Co., Ltd. to overcome the abovementioned challenges are discussed in this paper. These initiatives include the development of high–quality sputtering target materials and the effective use of nitrogen– containing wastewater generated from recycling processes. Advanced recycling technologies for lithium–ion batteries are also introduced. [doi:10.2320/jinstmet.JA202106]","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84773281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.ja202107
Yu-ki Taninouchi, T. Okabe
{"title":"Trends of Technological Development of Platinum Group Metal Recycling: Solubilization and Physical Concentration Processes","authors":"Yu-ki Taninouchi, T. Okabe","doi":"10.2320/jinstmet.ja202107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.ja202107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17322,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75692410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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