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A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-dose pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects of a cannabidiol (CBD)- and cannabigerol (CBG)-based beverage powder to support recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). 一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、重复剂量的中试研究,研究了基于大麻二酚(CBD)和大麻二醇(CBG)的饮料粉末的安全性、耐受性和初步效果,以支持从迟发性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)中恢复。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2280113
Erica N Peters, Helena Yardley, Amy Harrison, Graham M L Eglit, Jose Antonio, Cynthia Turcotte, Marcel O Bonn-Miller

Background: Cannabinoid-containing products are marketed to athletes as promoting recovery, in spite of a lack of data on their safety and effects. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-dose pilot study tested the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects on recovery of a formulation containing cannabidiol (CBD; 35 mg), cannabigerol (CBG; 50 mg), beta caryophyllene (BCP; 25 mg), branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; 3.8 g), and magnesium citrate (420 mg).

Methods: Exercise-trained individuals (N = 40) underwent an experimental induction of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and completed follow-up visits 24-, 48-, and 72-hours post-DOMS. Participants were randomized to active or placebo formulation, and consumed the formulation twice per day for 3.5 days.

Results: There was one adverse event (AE) in the active group (diarrhea) and two AEs in placebo (dry mouth; eye rash/swollen eye). There was 100% self-reported compliance with formulation consumption across the two groups. For the primary outcome of interest, the estimate of effect for ratings of average soreness/discomfort 72 hours post-DOMS between active and placebo groups was -1.33 (85% confidence interval = -2.55, -0.10), suggesting moderate evidence of a treatment difference. The estimate of effect for the outcome of ratings of interference of soreness, discomfort, or stiffness on daily activities at work or home 48 hours post-DOMS was -1.82 (95% confidence interval = -3.64, -0.01), indicating a treatment difference of potential clinical importance. There was no significant effect between active and placebo groups on objective measures of recovery, sleep quality, or mood disturbance.

Conclusions: The tested formulation reduced interference of DOMS on daily activities, demonstrating its improvement on a functional aspect of recovery.

背景:尽管缺乏有关其安全性和效果的数据,但含有大麻酚的产品被销售给运动员,以促进康复。这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、重复剂量的中试研究测试了含有大麻二酚(CBD;35 mg)、大麻酚(CBG;50 mg)、β-石竹烯(BCP;25 mg)、支链氨基酸(BCAAs;3.8 g) ,和柠檬酸镁(420 mg)。方法:经过锻炼的个体(N = 40)接受了延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)的实验诱导,并在DOMS后24、48和72小时完成了随访。参与者被随机分为活性制剂或安慰剂制剂,每天服用两次,每次3.5 天。结果:活性组有一例不良事件(AE)(腹泻),安慰剂组有两例不良事件。两组患者对制剂消费的依从性均为100%。对于感兴趣的主要结果,平均疼痛/不适评分的效果估计72 活动组和安慰剂组在DOMS后的小时数为-1.33(85%置信区间 = -2.55,-0.10),表明存在治疗差异的中度证据。疼痛、不适或僵硬对工作或家庭日常活动干扰评级结果的影响估计48 DOMS后的小时数为-1.82(95%置信区间 = -3.64,-0.01),表明具有潜在临床重要性的治疗差异。活性组和安慰剂组在恢复、睡眠质量或情绪障碍的客观指标上没有显著影响。结论:受试制剂减少了DOMS对日常活动的干扰,表明其在功能恢复方面有所改善。
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引用次数: 0
Different perspectives on women's health, nutrition and endurance exercise. 对妇女健康、营养和耐力运动的不同看法。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2286286
Nisha Charkoudian, Jason K W Lee, Gabrielle E W Giersch, Loretta DiPietro, Nina Stachenfeld
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引用次数: 0
Skinfolds compressibility and digital caliper's time response in skinfold measurement in male and female young adults. 男性和女性年轻人皮褶测量中的皮褶压缩性和数字卡尺的时间响应。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2265888
Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal, Ana Catarina-Moreira, Francisco Esparza-Ros, Carlos Barrigas, Mario Albaladejo-Saura, Filomena Vieira
<p><strong>Background: </strong>The skinfold caliper reading of the skinfold thickness depends on its dynamic compressibility. This has led to the fact that, while it is indicated that skinfold readings should be taken when the reading is stable, there is no consensus on at what second the reading should be taken after the application of the skinfold caliper. The new Lipowise PRO digital skinfold caliper was used to analyze the evolution of skinfold readings under skinfold caliper pressure. The aim of the present investigation were: a) to analyze the evolution of the reading time of individual skinfolds when subjected to skinfold caliper pressure and when the skinfold reading reaches stability; b) to describe the physical behavior of skinfold tissues' time response to skinfold caliper pressure, and to explore differences between sites and subjects' skinfolds compressibility; and c) to analyze the sex differences in both the reading and the evolution of the skinfold over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional design was followed with a convenience sample of 165 healthy young adults (79 males and 86 females), with eight skinfolds measured using the Lipowise PRO skinfold caliper. The Lipowise PRO skinfold caliper uses a programmable reading time allowing for the measurement of the skinfold's thickness at a rate of 100 times per second, and monitoring skinfold behavior over the 3-second measurement period, thereby enabling the assessment of the tissue response to the constant force exerted by the skinfold caliper jaws.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All skinfolds showed statistical differences in terms of compressibility characteristics (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant differences were found between measurement time points for individual skinfolds and sum of skinfolds (<i>p</i> < 0.001-0.025). Stabilization being found depending on the skinfold measured from 1.5 seconds for biceps, subscapular, iliac crest, supraspinale, abdominal, and thigh skinfolds; 2.0 seconds for ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds; and 2.5 seconds for triceps and calf skinfolds. It was observed an effect of sex on this issue (<i>p</i> < 0.001-0.030). More specifically, in the case of males, the supraspinale and abdominal skinfolds stabilized after 1.5 seconds; the calf skinfold and ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds stabilized after 2 seconds; while the rest of the skinfolds did not stabilize until 3 seconds. In the case of females, no stabilization of the triceps skinfold was found, while the rest of the individual skinfolds and the ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds stabilized from 1.5 seconds. A regression analysis indicated that skinfold thickness could be predicted based on measurement time in 50-77% of the cases (<i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A skinfold caliper application, using the digital caliper Lipowise PRO, of three seconds may be sufficient for achieving stability in the measurement and for obtaining the minimum value for most individual and sum of skinfolds
背景:皮褶厚度的皮褶卡尺读数取决于其动态压缩性。这导致了这样一个事实,即虽然有人指出,应在读数稳定时读取皮褶读数,但对于应用皮褶卡尺后应在哪一秒读取读数,目前还没有达成共识。新的Lipowise PRO数字皮褶卡尺用于分析皮褶卡尺压力下皮褶读数的演变。本研究的目的是:a)分析当受到皮褶卡尺压力时以及当皮褶读数达到稳定时,单个皮褶读数时间的演变;b) 描述皮褶组织对皮褶卡尺压力的时间响应的物理行为,并探讨部位和受试者皮褶压缩性之间的差异;以及c)分析皮褶在阅读和进化过程中的性别差异。方法:采用描述性横断面设计,以165名健康年轻人(79名男性和86名女性)为方便样本,使用Lipowise PRO皮褶卡尺测量8个皮褶。Lipowise PRO皮褶钳使用可编程读取时间,允许以每秒100次的速度测量皮褶厚度,并在3秒的测量期内监测皮褶行为,从而能够评估组织对皮褶钳钳口施加的恒定力的反应。结果:所有皮褶在压缩特性方面均存在统计学差异(p p p p = 0.001)。结论:使用Lipowise PRO数字卡尺应用皮褶卡尺3秒可能足以实现测量的稳定性,并获得大多数个体和皮褶总和的最小值。然而,在某些人身上进行某些皮褶手术时,可能需要更多的时间,这因性别而异。
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引用次数: 0
The efficacy of a home-use metabolic device (Lumen) in response to a short-term low and high carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers. 家用代谢装置(Lumen)对健康志愿者短期低碳水化合物和高碳水化合物饮食的影响
IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2185537
Justin Roberts, Dirk Dugdale-Duwell, Joseph Lillis, Jorge Marques Pinto, Ash Willmott, Shlomo Yeshurun, Merav Mor, Tjeu Souren
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Based on stoichiometric assumptions, and real-time assessment of expired carbon dioxide (%CO<sub>2</sub>) and flow rate, the Lumen device provides potential for consumers/athletes to monitor metabolic responses to dietary programs outside of laboratory conditions. However, there is a paucity of research exploring device efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate Lumen device response to: i) a high-carbohydrate meal under laboratory conditions, and ii) a short-term low- or high-carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following institutional ethical approval, 12 healthy volunteers (age: 36 ± 4 yrs; body mass: 72.1 ± 3.6 kg; height: 1.71 ± 0.02 m) performed Lumen breath and Douglas bag expired air measures under fasted laboratory conditions and at 30 and 60 min after a high-carbohydrate (2 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>) meal, along with capilliarized blood glucose assessment. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, with ordinary least squares regression used to assess the model between Lumen expired carbon dioxide percentage (L%CO<sub>2</sub>) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). In a separate phase, 27 recreationally active adults (age: 42 ± 2 yrs; body mass: 71.9 ± 1.9 kg; height: 1.72 ± 0.02 m) completed a 7-day low- (~20% of energy intake [EI]; LOW) or high-carbohydrate diet (~60% of EI; HIGH) in a randomized, cross-over design under free-living conditions. L%CO<sub>2</sub> and derived Lumen Index (L<sub>I</sub>) were recorded daily across morning (fasted and post-breakfast) and evening (pre/post meal, pre-bed) periods. Repeated measures ANOVA were employed for main analyses, with Bonferroni post-hoc assessment applied (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the carbohydrate test-meal, L%CO<sub>2</sub> increased from 4.49 ± 0.05% to 4.80 ± 0.06% by 30 min, remaining elevated at 4.76 ± 0.06% by 60 min post-feeding (<i>P</i> < 0.001, η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.74). Similarly, RER increased by 18.1% from 0.77 ± 0.03 to 0.91 ± 0.02 by 30 min post-meal (<i>P</i> = 0.002). When considering peak data, regression analysis demonstrated a significant model effect between RER and L%CO<sub>2</sub> (F = 5.62, <i>P</i> = 0.03, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.20). Following main dietary interventions, no significant interactions (diet × day) were found. However, main diet effects were evident across all time-points assessed, highlighting significant differences for both L%CO<sub>2</sub> and L<sub>I</sub> between LOW and HIGH conditions (<i>P</i> < 0.003). For L%CO<sub>2</sub>, this was particularly noted under fasted (4.35 ± 0.07 vs. 4.46 ± 0.06%, <i>P</i> = 0.001), pre-evening meal (4.35 ± 0.07 vs. 4.50 ± 0.06%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and pre-bed time-points (4.51 ± 0.08 vs. 4.61 ± 0.06%, <i>P</i> = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrated that a portable, home-use metabolic device (Lumen) detected significantly increased expired %CO<sub>2</sub> in response to a high-carbohy
背景:基于化学计量假设,以及对过期二氧化碳(%CO2)和流速的实时评估,Lumen设备为消费者/运动员提供了在实验室条件之外监测饮食计划代谢反应的潜力。然而,探索该装置功效的研究却很少。本研究旨在评估Lumen设备对以下情况的反应:i)实验室条件下的高碳水化合物膳食,以及ii)健康志愿者的短期低碳水化合物或高碳水化合物饮食。方法:根据机构伦理批准,12名健康志愿者(年龄:36±4岁;体重:72.1±3.6 kg;身高:1.71±0.02 m)在禁食的实验室条件下,在高碳水化合物(2 g·kg-1)餐后30和60分钟进行Lumen呼气和Douglas袋呼气测量,并进行Capillized血糖评估。数据使用单因素方差分析进行分析,普通最小二乘回归用于评估流明过期二氧化碳百分比(L%CO2)和呼吸交换率(RER)之间的模型。在另一个阶段,27名从事娱乐活动的成年人(年龄:42±2岁;体重:71.9±1.9公斤;身高:1.72±0.02米)在自由生活条件下,以随机交叉设计的方式完成了7天的低(约20%的能量摄入[EI];低)或高碳水化合物饮食(约60%的能量摄入;高)。在早上(禁食和早餐后)和晚上(餐前/餐后、睡前)每天记录L%CO2和导出的管腔指数(LI)。主要分析采用重复测量方差分析,并应用Bonferroni事后评估(P≤0.05)。结果:碳水化合物试验餐后,L%CO2在30分钟内从4.49±0.05%增加到4.80±0.06%,在喂食后60分钟内保持在4.76±0.06%(P p2=0.74)。类似地,到餐后30分钟,RER从0.77±0.03增加到0.91±0.02,增加了18.1%(P=0.002)。当考虑峰值数据时,回归分析表明RER和L%CO2之间存在显著的模型效应(F=5.62,P=0.03,R2=0.20)。在主要的饮食干预后,没有发现显著的相互作用(饮食×天)。然而,在评估的所有时间点上,主要的饮食影响都是明显的,突出了低和高条件下L%CO2和LI的显著差异(P2,这在禁食(4.35±0.07 vs.4.46±0.06%,P=0.001)、晚饭前(4.35士0.07 vs.4.50±0.06%,家用代谢设备(Lumen)检测到高碳水化合物膳食导致的过期%CO2显著增加,并且可能有助于跟踪急性饮食碳水化合物改变的平均每周变化。需要进行额外的研究,以进一步确定Lumen设备在应用中与实验室环境相比的实际和临床疗效。
{"title":"The efficacy of a home-use metabolic device (Lumen) in response to a short-term low and high carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers.","authors":"Justin Roberts, Dirk Dugdale-Duwell, Joseph Lillis, Jorge Marques Pinto, Ash Willmott, Shlomo Yeshurun, Merav Mor, Tjeu Souren","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2185537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2185537","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on stoichiometric assumptions, and real-time assessment of expired carbon dioxide (%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and flow rate, the Lumen device provides potential for consumers/athletes to monitor metabolic responses to dietary programs outside of laboratory conditions. However, there is a paucity of research exploring device efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate Lumen device response to: i) a high-carbohydrate meal under laboratory conditions, and ii) a short-term low- or high-carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Following institutional ethical approval, 12 healthy volunteers (age: 36 ± 4 yrs; body mass: 72.1 ± 3.6 kg; height: 1.71 ± 0.02 m) performed Lumen breath and Douglas bag expired air measures under fasted laboratory conditions and at 30 and 60 min after a high-carbohydrate (2 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) meal, along with capilliarized blood glucose assessment. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, with ordinary least squares regression used to assess the model between Lumen expired carbon dioxide percentage (L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). In a separate phase, 27 recreationally active adults (age: 42 ± 2 yrs; body mass: 71.9 ± 1.9 kg; height: 1.72 ± 0.02 m) completed a 7-day low- (~20% of energy intake [EI]; LOW) or high-carbohydrate diet (~60% of EI; HIGH) in a randomized, cross-over design under free-living conditions. L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and derived Lumen Index (L&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt;) were recorded daily across morning (fasted and post-breakfast) and evening (pre/post meal, pre-bed) periods. Repeated measures ANOVA were employed for main analyses, with Bonferroni post-hoc assessment applied (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Following the carbohydrate test-meal, L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; increased from 4.49 ± 0.05% to 4.80 ± 0.06% by 30 min, remaining elevated at 4.76 ± 0.06% by 60 min post-feeding (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.74). Similarly, RER increased by 18.1% from 0.77 ± 0.03 to 0.91 ± 0.02 by 30 min post-meal (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002). When considering peak data, regression analysis demonstrated a significant model effect between RER and L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (F = 5.62, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03, R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.20). Following main dietary interventions, no significant interactions (diet × day) were found. However, main diet effects were evident across all time-points assessed, highlighting significant differences for both L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt; between LOW and HIGH conditions (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.003). For L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, this was particularly noted under fasted (4.35 ± 0.07 vs. 4.46 ± 0.06%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), pre-evening meal (4.35 ± 0.07 vs. 4.50 ± 0.06%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), and pre-bed time-points (4.51 ± 0.08 vs. 4.61 ± 0.06%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings demonstrated that a portable, home-use metabolic device (Lumen) detected significantly increased expired %CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in response to a high-carbohy","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2185537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9987730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9111962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots. 国际运动营养学会立场立场:能量饮料和能量注射。
IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2171314
Andrew R Jagim, Patrick S Harty, Grant M Tinsley, Chad M Kerksick, Adam M Gonzalez, Richard B Kreider, Shawn M Arent, Ralf Jager, Abbie E Smith-Ryan, Jeffrey R Stout, Bill I Campbell, Trisha VanDusseldorp, Jose Antonio
<p><p>Position Statement: The <i>International Society of Sports Nutrition</i> (ISSN) bases the following position stand on a critical analysis of the literature regarding the effects of energy drink (ED) or energy shot (ES) consumption on acute exercise performance, metabolism, and cognition, along with synergistic exercise-related performance outcomes and training adaptations. The following 13 points constitute the consensus of the Society and have been approved by the Research Committee of the Society: Energy drinks (ED) commonly contain caffeine, taurine, ginseng, guarana, carnitine, choline, B vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, and B12), vitamin C, vitamin A (beta carotene), vitamin D, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium), sugars (nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners), tyrosine, and L-theanine, with prevalence for each ingredient ranging from 1.3 to 100%. Energy drinks can enhance acute aerobic exercise performance, largely influenced by the amount of caffeine (> 200 mg or >3 mg∙kg bodyweight [BW<sup>-1</sup>]) in the beverage. Although ED and ES contain several nutrients that are purported to affect mental and/or physical performance, the primary ergogenic nutrients in most ED and ES based on scientific evidence appear to be caffeine and/or the carbohydrate provision. The ergogenic value of caffeine on mental and physical performance has been well-established, but the potential additive benefits of other nutrients contained in ED and ES remains to be determined. Consuming ED and ES 10-60 minutes before exercise can improve mental focus, alertness, anaerobic performance, and/or endurance performance with doses >3 mg∙kg BW<sup>-1</sup>. Consuming ED and ES containing at least 3 mg∙kg BW<sup>-1</sup> caffeine is most likely to benefit maximal lower-body power production. Consuming ED and ES can improve endurance, repeat sprint performance, and sport-specific tasks in the context of team sports. Many ED and ES contain numerous ingredients that either have not been studied or evaluated in combination with other nutrients contained in the ED or ES. For this reason, these products need to be studied to demonstrate efficacy of single- and multi-nutrient formulations for physical and cognitive performance as well as for safety. Limited evidence is available to suggest that consumption of low-calorie ED and ES during training and/or weight loss trials may provide ergogenic benefit and/or promote additional weight control, potentially through enhanced training capacity. However, ingestion of higher calorie ED may promote weight gain if the energy intake from consumption of ED is not carefully considered as part of the total daily energy intake. Individuals should consider the impact of regular coingestion of high glycemic index carbohydrates from ED and ES on metabolic health, blood glucose, and insulin levels. Adolescents (aged 12 through 18) should exercise caution and seek parental guidance when considering the consump
立场声明:国际运动营养学会(ISSN)基于对有关能量饮料(ED)或能量注射(ES)消耗对急性运动表现、代谢和认知的影响,以及协同运动相关的表现结果和训练适应的文献的批判性分析,提出了以下立场。以下13点构成了协会的共识,并得到了协会研究委员会的批准:能量饮料(ED)通常含有咖啡因、牛磺酸、人参、瓜拉那、肉碱、胆碱、B族维生素(维生素B1、B2、B3、B5、B6、B9和B12)、维生素C、维生素A(β-胡萝卜素)、维生素D、电解质(钠、钾、镁和钙),糖(营养性和非营养性甜味剂)、酪氨酸和L-茶氨酸,每种成分的流行率在1.3%至100%之间。能量饮料可以提高急性有氧运动性能,这在很大程度上受到饮料中咖啡因含量(>200 mg或>3 mg∙kg体重[BW-1])的影响。尽管ED和ES含有几种据称会影响精神和/或身体表现的营养素,但根据科学证据,大多数ED和ES中的主要麦角营养素似乎是咖啡因和/或碳水化合物。咖啡因对精神和身体表现的工效学价值已经得到证实,但ED和ES中所含其他营养素的潜在附加益处仍有待确定。在运动前10-60分钟服用ED和ES可以提高精神专注力、警觉性、无氧能力和/或耐力,剂量>3 mg∙kg BW-1。食用含有至少3 mg∙kg BW-1咖啡因的ED和ES最有可能有利于最大限度地产生下半身力量。在团队运动的背景下,消耗ED和ES可以提高耐力、重复冲刺表现和特定运动任务。许多ED和ES含有许多尚未与ED或ES中包含的其他营养素结合研究或评估的成分。因此,需要对这些产品进行研究,以证明单一和多种营养素配方对身体和认知性能以及安全性的功效。有限的证据表明,在训练和/或减肥试验中摄入低热量ED和ES可能会提供工效学益处和/或促进额外的体重控制,可能通过增强训练能力。然而,如果没有仔细考虑将消耗ED的能量摄入作为每日总能量摄入的一部分,摄入更高热量的ED可能会促进体重增加。个人应考虑ED和ES中高血糖指数碳水化合物的定期共消化对代谢健康、血糖和胰岛素水平的影响。青少年(12至18岁)在考虑ED和ES的消费时应谨慎行事,并寻求父母的指导,特别是过量(如>400 mg),因为在这一人群中,关于这些产品的安全性的证据有限。此外,不建议儿童(2-12岁)、怀孕、试图怀孕或哺乳的人以及对咖啡因敏感的人服用ED和ES。糖尿病患者和患有心血管、代谢、肝肾和/或神经系统疾病的人,如果正在服用可能受到高血糖负荷食物、咖啡因和/或其他兴奋剂影响的药物,在服用ED之前,应谨慎行事并咨询医生。服用ED或ES的决定应基于饮料的碳水化合物含量,咖啡因和其他营养素以及对潜在副作用的彻底了解。滥用ED或ES,特别是如果每天食用多份,或与其他含咖啡因的饮料和/或食物一起食用,可能会导致不良影响。本综述的目的是对国际运动营养学会(ISSN)的立场进行更新,整合当前关于运动、运动和医学中ED和ES的文献。研究了饮用这些饮料对急性运动表现、代谢、临床健康标志物和认知的影响,以及在评估ED/ES使用与运动相关的训练适应时的更慢性影响。
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引用次数: 0
Early absorption sources of caffeine can be a useful strategy for improving female table tennis players-specific performance. 尽早摄入咖啡因是提高女子乒乓球运动员具体表现的有效策略。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2282051
Sepideh Pirmohammadi, Mohammad Hemmatinafar, Javad Nemati, Babak Imanian, Mohammad Hassan Abdollahi
<p><strong>Background: </strong>The consumption of fast absorption sources containing caffeine, such as caffeinated gum and coffee mouth rinsing, has been considered a practical nutritional strategy among athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of early absorption sources containing caffeine on the performance of female table tennis players.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighteen female table tennis players randomly participated in this randomized, double-blind, and crossover designed study. Before starting the test, the participants attended a familiarization session. In each test session, participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions including chewing caffeinated gum (CG, <i>n</i> = 6), coffee mouth rinsing (CMR, <i>n</i> = 6) and placebo capsule (PLA, <i>n</i> = 6). All participants consumed caffeine with an average dose of ∼3 to 4.5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>. The one-week interval was considered a washout period for each condition. Each test session included measurement of functional, skill and cognitive tests. Skill tests included serve, forehand drive, backhand push and counter tests. The Cognitive function measured by color recognition test, and functional tests included agility, hand movement speed, the explosive power of the upper body and lower body, hand-eye coordination and hand grip strength tests. The collected data were analyzed (with SPSS Windows software) by repeated measure ANOVA analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test at <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05 level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of the present study illustrated that CG and CMR increased significantly agility and reduced the amounts of errors in the cognitive test compared to PLA (<i>p</i> < 0.05), While there was no significant difference between CG and CMR (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Also, CG and CMR compared to PLA and CMR compared to CG rose significantly hand movement speed and movement speed (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and CMR compared to PLA increased significantly hand-eye coordination, isometric hand strength, service accuracy and forehand drive (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, CG compared to PLA and CMR had no significant effect on hand-eye coordination, isometric hand strength, service accuracy and forehand drive (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In addition, CG and CMR enhanced significantly the explosive power of the lower body compared to PLA (<i>p</i> < 0.05), While there was no significant difference between CG and CMR (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Also, CG and CMR compared to PLA and CG compared to CMR had no significant effect on the explosive power of the upper body, backhand, and counter skills (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Furthermore, CG increased significantly accuracy in the service test compared to PLA (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results, it seems that early absorption sources of caffeine (CMR and CG) are efficient strategies for improving the specific performance of female table tennis players. However, allegedly CMR and CG have a
背景:食用含有咖啡因的快速吸收源,如含咖啡因口香糖和咖啡漱口水,被认为是运动员的一种实用的营养策略。因此,本研究旨在确定含咖啡因的早期吸收源对女乒乓球运动员表现的影响。方法:18名女子乒乓球运动员随机参与,采用随机、双盲、交叉设计。在开始测试之前,参与者参加了一个熟悉会议。在每次测试中,参与者被随机分配到三种情况中的一种,包括咀嚼含咖啡因的口香糖(CG, n = 6),咖啡漱口水(CMR, n = 6)和安慰剂胶囊(PLA, n = 6)。所有参与者均摄入平均剂量为~ 3至4.5 mg·kg-1的咖啡因。一周的间隔被认为是每个条件的洗脱期。每个测试阶段包括功能测试、技能测试和认知测试。技术测试包括发球、正手发球、反手推球和反击测试。认知功能测试包括灵敏性测试、手部运动速度测试、上半身和下半身爆发力测试、手眼协调测试和手握力测试。收集的资料采用SPSS Windows软件进行重复测量方差分析和Bonferroni事后检验,P≤0.05。结果:本研究结果表明,与PLA相比,CG和CMR显著提高了认知测试的敏捷性,减少了认知测试的错误率(p p > 0.05)。此外,CG和CMR与PLA相比,CMR与CG相比,手部运动速度和运动速度显著提高(p p p > 0.05)。此外,与PLA相比,CG和CMR显著增强了下体的爆发力(p p > 0.05)。此外,CG和CMR与PLA相比,CG和CMR与CMR相比,对上身爆发力、反手和反技术没有显著影响(p > 0.05)。结论:早期咖啡因吸收源(CMR和CG)是提高女子乒乓球运动员专项成绩的有效策略。然而,与技能测试相比,CMR和CG在功能和认知测试中有更好的效果。
{"title":"Early absorption sources of caffeine can be a useful strategy for improving female table tennis players-specific performance.","authors":"Sepideh Pirmohammadi, Mohammad Hemmatinafar, Javad Nemati, Babak Imanian, Mohammad Hassan Abdollahi","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2282051","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2282051","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The consumption of fast absorption sources containing caffeine, such as caffeinated gum and coffee mouth rinsing, has been considered a practical nutritional strategy among athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of early absorption sources containing caffeine on the performance of female table tennis players.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Eighteen female table tennis players randomly participated in this randomized, double-blind, and crossover designed study. Before starting the test, the participants attended a familiarization session. In each test session, participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions including chewing caffeinated gum (CG, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 6), coffee mouth rinsing (CMR, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 6) and placebo capsule (PLA, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 6). All participants consumed caffeine with an average dose of ∼3 to 4.5 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The one-week interval was considered a washout period for each condition. Each test session included measurement of functional, skill and cognitive tests. Skill tests included serve, forehand drive, backhand push and counter tests. The Cognitive function measured by color recognition test, and functional tests included agility, hand movement speed, the explosive power of the upper body and lower body, hand-eye coordination and hand grip strength tests. The collected data were analyzed (with SPSS Windows software) by repeated measure ANOVA analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test at &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.05 level.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings of the present study illustrated that CG and CMR increased significantly agility and reduced the amounts of errors in the cognitive test compared to PLA (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), While there was no significant difference between CG and CMR (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). Also, CG and CMR compared to PLA and CMR compared to CG rose significantly hand movement speed and movement speed (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), and CMR compared to PLA increased significantly hand-eye coordination, isometric hand strength, service accuracy and forehand drive (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). However, CG compared to PLA and CMR had no significant effect on hand-eye coordination, isometric hand strength, service accuracy and forehand drive (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). In addition, CG and CMR enhanced significantly the explosive power of the lower body compared to PLA (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), While there was no significant difference between CG and CMR (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). Also, CG and CMR compared to PLA and CG compared to CMR had no significant effect on the explosive power of the upper body, backhand, and counter skills (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). Furthermore, CG increased significantly accuracy in the service test compared to PLA (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;According to the results, it seems that early absorption sources of caffeine (CMR and CG) are efficient strategies for improving the specific performance of female table tennis players. However, allegedly CMR and CG have a","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2282051"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11018319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136397971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proceedings of the Twentieth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo. 第二十届国际运动营养学会(ISSN)会议暨博览会论文集。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2235311
Chad M Kerksick, Trisha VanDusseldorp, Douglas Kalman, Jose Antonio
Background: Previous research demonstrates body composition comparisons relative to their dominant arm vs non-dominant arm in collegiate baseball players. Further research demonstrates body composition comparisons relative to their position in collegiate baseball players. Though there is a vast amount of literature on nonprofessional baseball players, there is little research that analyzes body composition in professional baseball players. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare body composition variables by position in professional baseball players. We hypothesize that differences will exist in body mass and composition between positions. Methods: 178 (n = 60 Infield, n = 23 Outfield, n = 95 Pitcher) professional baseball players (22.3 ± 3.1 yrs.; 184.8 ± 6.7 cm) were used for the current study. The assessment was collected in a noninvasive bioelectric impedance analyzer machine (InBody770), in which the athlete stepped on the scale in the morning, before eating for at least 2 hours prior to the assessment and was well hydrated. Hydration levels were measured through an osmolality meter (Atago PAL-mOsm) with a score of no higher than 600 mOsmol/ kgH2O. One-Way ANOVA was utilized to analyze the main effects of the group. The Bonferroni Post Hoc analysis was utilized to compare positions, and significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: There is a significant main effect of the group for body fat percentage (BF) (P = .007), body weight (BW) (P < .001), fat-free mass (FFM) (P < .001), and fat mass (FM)
{"title":"Proceedings of the Twentieth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo.","authors":"Chad M Kerksick,&nbsp;Trisha VanDusseldorp,&nbsp;Douglas Kalman,&nbsp;Jose Antonio","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2235311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2023.2235311","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Previous research demonstrates body composition comparisons relative to their dominant arm vs non-dominant arm in collegiate baseball players. Further research demonstrates body composition comparisons relative to their position in collegiate baseball players. Though there is a vast amount of literature on nonprofessional baseball players, there is little research that analyzes body composition in professional baseball players. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare body composition variables by position in professional baseball players. We hypothesize that differences will exist in body mass and composition between positions. Methods: 178 (n = 60 Infield, n = 23 Outfield, n = 95 Pitcher) professional baseball players (22.3 ± 3.1 yrs.; 184.8 ± 6.7 cm) were used for the current study. The assessment was collected in a noninvasive bioelectric impedance analyzer machine (InBody770), in which the athlete stepped on the scale in the morning, before eating for at least 2 hours prior to the assessment and was well hydrated. Hydration levels were measured through an osmolality meter (Atago PAL-mOsm) with a score of no higher than 600 mOsmol/ kgH2O. One-Way ANOVA was utilized to analyze the main effects of the group. The Bonferroni Post Hoc analysis was utilized to compare positions, and significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: There is a significant main effect of the group for body fat percentage (BF) (P = .007), body weight (BW) (P < .001), fat-free mass (FFM) (P < .001), and fat mass (FM)","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 sup2","pages":"2235311"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10388812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9909802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo. 第19届国际运动营养学会会议暨博览会论文集。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2187955
Trisha VanDusseldorp, Chad M Kerksick, Erik Bustillo, Douglas Kalman, Jose Antonio
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引用次数: 1
Pre-sleep protein supplementation in professional cyclists during a training camp: a three-arm randomized controlled trial. 职业自行车运动员在训练营中睡眠前补充蛋白质:一项三组随机对照试验。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2166366
Pedro L Valenzuela, Lidia B Alejo, Almudena Montalvo-Pérez, Diego Ojanguren, Miguel Górriz, Itziar Pagola, Laureano M Ozcoidi, Alejandro Lucia, David Barranco-Gil

Background: The effects of pre-sleep protein supplementation on endurance athletes remain unclear, particularly whether its potential benefits are due to the timing of protein intake or solely to an increased total protein intake. We assessed the effects of pre-sleep protein supplementation in professional cyclists during a training camp accounting for the influence of protein timing.

Methods: Twenty-four professional U23 cyclists (19 ± 1 years, peak oxygen uptake: 79.8 ± 4.9 ml/kg/min) participated in a six-day training camp. Participants were randomized to consume a protein supplement (40 g of casein) before sleep (n = 8) or in the afternoon (n = 8), or an isoenergetic placebo (40 g of carbohydrates) before sleep (n = 8). Indicators of fatigue/recovery (Hooper index, Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes, countermovement jump), body composition, and performance (1-, 5-, and 20-minute time trials, as well as the estimated critical power) were assessed as study outcomes.

Results: The training camp resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) increase in training loads (e.g. training stress score of 659 ± 122 per week during the preceding month versus 1207 ± 122 during the training camp), which induced an increase in fatigue indicators (e.g. time effect for Hooper index p < 0.001) and a decrease in performance (e.g. time effect for critical power p = 0.002). Protein intake was very high in all the participants (>2.5 g/kg on average), with significantly higher levels found in the two protein supplement groups compared to the placebo group (p < 0.001). No significant between-group differences were found for any of the analyzed outcomes (all p > 0.05).

Conclusions: Protein supplementation, whether administered before sleep or earlier in the day, exerts no beneficial effects during a short-term strenuous training period in professional cyclists, who naturally consume a high-protein diet.

背景:睡眠前补充蛋白质对耐力运动员的影响尚不清楚,特别是其潜在益处是由于蛋白质摄入的时间还是仅仅是因为增加了总蛋白质摄入量。我们评估了职业自行车运动员在训练营期间睡眠前补充蛋白质的效果,考虑了蛋白质时间的影响。方法:24名U23专业自行车运动员(19±1岁,峰值摄氧量:79.8±4.9 ml/kg/min)参加为期6天的训练营。参与者在睡前(n = 8)或下午(n = 8)随机服用蛋白质补充剂(40克酪蛋白),或在睡前(n = 8)服用等能安慰剂(40克碳水化合物)。疲劳/恢复指标(Hooper指数,运动员恢复压力问卷,反动作跳跃),身体成分和表现(1分钟,5分钟和20分钟时间试验,以及估计的临界功率)被评估为研究结果。结果:训练营导致了显著的差异(如前一个月的每周训练压力得分为659±122,训练营期间为1207±122),导致了疲劳指标的增加(如Hooper指数平均为2.5 g/kg的时间效应),两个蛋白质补充组的水平显著高于安慰剂组(p 0.05)。结论:无论是在睡前还是在白天早些时候补充蛋白质,在职业自行车运动员的短期剧烈训练期间都不会产生有益的效果,因为他们天生就摄入高蛋白饮食。
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引用次数: 1
The dose-response effects of arachidonic acid on primary human skeletal myoblasts and myotubes. 花生四烯酸对原代人骨骼肌母细胞和肌管的剂量效应。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2164209
Brandon M Roberts, Alexander L Kolb, Alyssa V Geddis, Marshall A Naimo, Ronald W Matheny

Background: Cellular inflammatory response, mediated by arachidonic acid (AA) and cyclooxygenase, is a highly regulated process that leads to the repair of damaged tissue. Recent studies on murine C2C12 cells have demonstrated that AA supplementation leads to myotube hypertrophy. However, AA has not been tested on primary human muscle cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether AA supplementation has similar effects on human muscle cells.

Methods: Proliferating and differentiating human myoblasts were exposed to AA in a dose-dependent manner (50-0.80 µM) for 48 (myoblasts) or 72 (myotubes) hours. Cell viability was tested using a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay and cell counting; myotube area was determined by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy; and anabolic signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot and RT-PCR.

Results: Our data show that the treatment of primary human myoblasts treated with 50 µM and 25 µM of AA led to the release of PGE2 and PGF at levels higher than those of control-treated cells (p < 0.001 for all concentrations). Additionally, 50 µM and 25 µM of AA suppressed myoblast proliferation, myotube area, and myotube fusion. Anabolic signaling indicated reductions in total and phosphorylated TSC2, AKT, S6, and 4EBP1 in myoblasts at 50 µM of AA (p < 0.01 for all), but not in myotubes. These changes were not affected by COX-2 inhibition with celecoxib.

Conclusion: Together, our data demonstrate that high concentrations of AA inhibit myoblast proliferation, myotube fusion, and myotube hypertrophy, thus revealing potential deleterious effects of AA on human skeletal muscle cell health and viability.

背景:由花生四烯酸(AA)和环氧合酶介导的细胞炎症反应是一个高度调控的过程,可导致受损组织的修复。最近对小鼠C2C12细胞的研究表明,补充AA可导致肌管肥大。然而,AA尚未在人类原代肌肉细胞上进行测试。因此,本研究的目的是确定补充AA是否对人体肌肉细胞有类似的影响。方法:将增殖和分化的人成肌细胞以剂量依赖性(50-0.80µM)暴露于AA中48小时(成肌细胞)或72小时(肌管)。采用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-酰基)-2,5-二苯基溴化四唑(MTT)测定法和细胞计数法检测细胞活力;采用免疫细胞化学和共聚焦显微镜测定肌管面积;western blot和RT-PCR检测合成代谢信号通路。结果:我们的数据显示,用50µM和25µM AA处理的人原代成肌细胞导致PGE2和PGF2α的释放水平高于对照处理的细胞(p p)。结论:我们的数据表明,高浓度AA抑制成肌细胞增殖、肌管融合和肌管肥大,从而揭示了AA对人骨骼肌细胞健康和活力的潜在有害影响。
{"title":"The dose-response effects of arachidonic acid on primary human skeletal myoblasts and myotubes.","authors":"Brandon M Roberts,&nbsp;Alexander L Kolb,&nbsp;Alyssa V Geddis,&nbsp;Marshall A Naimo,&nbsp;Ronald W Matheny","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2022.2164209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2164209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cellular inflammatory response, mediated by arachidonic acid (AA) and cyclooxygenase, is a highly regulated process that leads to the repair of damaged tissue. Recent studies on murine C2C12 cells have demonstrated that AA supplementation leads to myotube hypertrophy. However, AA has not been tested on primary human muscle cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether AA supplementation has similar effects on human muscle cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proliferating and differentiating human myoblasts were exposed to AA in a dose-dependent manner (50-0.80 µM) for 48 (myoblasts) or 72 (myotubes) hours. Cell viability was tested using a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay and cell counting; myotube area was determined by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy; and anabolic signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot and RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data show that the treatment of primary human myoblasts treated with 50 µM and 25 µM of AA led to the release of PGE<sub>2</sub> and PGF<sub>2α</sub> at levels higher than those of control-treated cells (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all concentrations). Additionally, 50 µM and 25 µM of AA suppressed myoblast proliferation, myotube area, and myotube fusion. Anabolic signaling indicated reductions in total and phosphorylated TSC2, AKT, S6, and 4EBP1 in myoblasts at 50 µM of AA (<i>p</i> < 0.01 for all), but not in myotubes. These changes were not affected by COX-2 inhibition with celecoxib.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Together, our data demonstrate that high concentrations of AA inhibit myoblast proliferation, myotube fusion, and myotube hypertrophy, thus revealing potential deleterious effects of AA on human skeletal muscle cell health and viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2164209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9817121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10507420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
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