Takeda convincingly shows that the causes of the French Revolution included discussions stretching from Persia and beyond, and therefore more global than previously imagined. Chapter five spotlights the oft-forgotten personality, dubbed the “other” Rousseau, Jean-François Rousseau, the cousin of Jean Baptiste. Raised inPersia, Jean-Françoiswas anadvocate of theFrenchRevolution and one of the primary actors involved in French-Persian relations under Napoleon. Takeda makes clear the global expanse of the Enlightenment and ideas of modernity. Jean-François lived in Persia but was an active participant in the Enlightenment and Revolutionary causes until the demise of theNapoleonicEmpire. FrenchRepublicanismdid not just rise out of the halls of Paris but has origins 2,000 miles away in Persia. Takeda’s work clearly demonstrates the importance of the tumultuous political events in Persia during the eighteenth-century as models for French-empire building. The book shows that the French Revolution included discussions generated from Persia and beyond, and suggests a globally integrated world of ideas and politics. Takeda’s work is a convincing demonstration of how global history can reveal the entanglement of Empires and revolutions from Asia to Europe and serves to decenter Europe as the heart of the Enlightenment and democratic revolutions. This fascinating study is a must-read for all scholars and students interested in a global picture of the making of empire, revolution, and ideas of modernity.
{"title":"New World of Gain: Europeans, Guaraní, and the Global Origins of Modern Economy by Brian P. Owensby (review)","authors":"M. Steardo","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2023.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2023.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Takeda convincingly shows that the causes of the French Revolution included discussions stretching from Persia and beyond, and therefore more global than previously imagined. Chapter five spotlights the oft-forgotten personality, dubbed the “other” Rousseau, Jean-François Rousseau, the cousin of Jean Baptiste. Raised inPersia, Jean-Françoiswas anadvocate of theFrenchRevolution and one of the primary actors involved in French-Persian relations under Napoleon. Takeda makes clear the global expanse of the Enlightenment and ideas of modernity. Jean-François lived in Persia but was an active participant in the Enlightenment and Revolutionary causes until the demise of theNapoleonicEmpire. FrenchRepublicanismdid not just rise out of the halls of Paris but has origins 2,000 miles away in Persia. Takeda’s work clearly demonstrates the importance of the tumultuous political events in Persia during the eighteenth-century as models for French-empire building. The book shows that the French Revolution included discussions generated from Persia and beyond, and suggests a globally integrated world of ideas and politics. Takeda’s work is a convincing demonstration of how global history can reveal the entanglement of Empires and revolutions from Asia to Europe and serves to decenter Europe as the heart of the Enlightenment and democratic revolutions. This fascinating study is a must-read for all scholars and students interested in a global picture of the making of empire, revolution, and ideas of modernity.","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"34 1","pages":"151 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41642529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Throughout the nineteenth century, the forces of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution were changing the world's geopolitical landscape at the same time that steamships enabled unprecedented mobility in the Pacific. This article examines Kawata Masazō's life and news reports to ask what he can tell us about how travel, foreign encounter, and intellectual exchange intersected with East Asian geopolitics just prior to the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War in the summer of 1894. Kawata's micro-historical perspective shows that the unique nexus of relationships among Japan, Korea, and China were embedded in the deeply intertwined and contradictory tensions of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution that were playing out across multiple societies in the Pacific world. His story also shows that travel and imperialism are not always, or only, mutually supporting.
{"title":"Mobility in an Age of Imperialism, Nation-Building, and Revolution: Kawata Masazō's Late-Nineteenth-Century Pacific World","authors":"Catherine Phipps","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2023.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2023.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Throughout the nineteenth century, the forces of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution were changing the world's geopolitical landscape at the same time that steamships enabled unprecedented mobility in the Pacific. This article examines Kawata Masazō's life and news reports to ask what he can tell us about how travel, foreign encounter, and intellectual exchange intersected with East Asian geopolitics just prior to the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War in the summer of 1894. Kawata's micro-historical perspective shows that the unique nexus of relationships among Japan, Korea, and China were embedded in the deeply intertwined and contradictory tensions of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution that were playing out across multiple societies in the Pacific world. His story also shows that travel and imperialism are not always, or only, mutually supporting.","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"34 1","pages":"100 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45254018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index to Volume 31, 2020","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2020.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2020.0064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jwh.2020.0064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46793120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remembering Jerry H. Bentley (1949–2012)","authors":"S. Brown, Kieko Matteson","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"v - vi"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47285944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:There is much current interest in causes of globalization and international contacts. Although the process of globalization has sped up considerably over the last decades, recent research has suggested that the modern and the ancient world may not be fundamentally different as far as mechanisms and preconditions of inter-cultural contact are concerned. Prehistoric and early historic communities can therefore serve as useful case studies to reflect on general mechanisms of inter-cultural exchange that are of great interest to modern day societies as well. The present paper provides a critical review on theoretical debates on culture contact in the field of archaeology as well as their practical ramifications, drawing on examples from all around the world. In conclusion, it points out major achievement, persistent issues, and makes suggestions for future directions of research on culture contact in ancient and modern worlds.
{"title":"Culture Contacts in Ancient Worlds: A Review of Theoretical Debates and Practical Applications","authors":"Anke Hein","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:There is much current interest in causes of globalization and international contacts. Although the process of globalization has sped up considerably over the last decades, recent research has suggested that the modern and the ancient world may not be fundamentally different as far as mechanisms and preconditions of inter-cultural contact are concerned. Prehistoric and early historic communities can therefore serve as useful case studies to reflect on general mechanisms of inter-cultural exchange that are of great interest to modern day societies as well. The present paper provides a critical review on theoretical debates on culture contact in the field of archaeology as well as their practical ramifications, drawing on examples from all around the world. In conclusion, it points out major achievement, persistent issues, and makes suggestions for future directions of research on culture contact in ancient and modern worlds.","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"541 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43313791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The beginning and early development of metallurgy in China have long been hot topics in Eurasian archaeology since they were suggested to be closely linked with the so-called “prehistoric globalization.” This paper assesses the available archaeological and archaeometallurgical evidence within their temporal-spatial framework and explores diachronic and cross-spatial developmental processes of early metallurgy in different regions in China. While recognizing the importance of long-distance interaction and exogenous technological stimulation, we draw attention to the local adoption and adaptation process of metallurgy and highlight the significance of local communities as sponsors, practitioners, and consumers of the metallurgical products and production as well as agents of technology transmission. While previous research has focused on individual object features that were seen as typical for specific archaeological cultures, current data shows considerable similarities in artifact typologies and material types among the early metal-using societies throughout Northwest China. We therefore argue that the modification of foreign metallurgical traditions through localized practice in Northwest China was crucial for their transmission further eastward and thus for the ultimate establishment of a new metallurgical tradition in the Central Plain of China.
{"title":"Interaction and Localization: New Insights into Early Metallurgy in China","authors":"Kunlong Chen, J. Mei, Lu Wang, Anke Hein","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The beginning and early development of metallurgy in China have long been hot topics in Eurasian archaeology since they were suggested to be closely linked with the so-called “prehistoric globalization.” This paper assesses the available archaeological and archaeometallurgical evidence within their temporal-spatial framework and explores diachronic and cross-spatial developmental processes of early metallurgy in different regions in China. While recognizing the importance of long-distance interaction and exogenous technological stimulation, we draw attention to the local adoption and adaptation process of metallurgy and highlight the significance of local communities as sponsors, practitioners, and consumers of the metallurgical products and production as well as agents of technology transmission. While previous research has focused on individual object features that were seen as typical for specific archaeological cultures, current data shows considerable similarities in artifact typologies and material types among the early metal-using societies throughout Northwest China. We therefore argue that the modification of foreign metallurgical traditions through localized practice in Northwest China was crucial for their transmission further eastward and thus for the ultimate establishment of a new metallurgical tradition in the Central Plain of China.","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"581 - 608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41646673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T Akan regions of West Africa, lying in what is now Ghana and the Ivory Coast, were, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, one of the most consistently high producing sources of gold in the world. In the “highly auriferous area in the forest country between the Komoe and Volta rivers”—knownmore accessibly as the Akan goldfields—this valuable commodity was extracted, processed, and then traded locally and more widely across the region. After 1482, this northerly transSaharan trade (which famously exchanged salt from Taghaza for Akan gold via Timbuktu) was supplemented by the establishment of trade with the permanent Portuguese outpost to the south of the Akan region—São Jorge da Mina. Portuguese empire building on what they
西非的T Akan地区位于现在的加纳和象牙海岸，在十五世纪和十六世纪是世界上黄金产量最高的地区之一。在“科莫河和沃尔特河之间的森林国家的高含金区”——人们更容易接近的地方是阿坎金矿——这种有价值的商品被提取、加工，然后在当地和整个地区进行更广泛的交易。1482年后，这种向北的跨撒哈拉贸易（著名的是通过廷巴克图用塔哈扎的盐交换阿干黄金）得到了与阿干地区南部的葡萄牙永久前哨São Jorge da Mina建立贸易的补充。葡萄牙帝国建立在他们的基础上
{"title":"Akan Relations, Commercial Networks, and the Portuguese Empire in West Africa, 1482–1637","authors":"Edmonds Smith, M. Boscariol","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0038","url":null,"abstract":"T Akan regions of West Africa, lying in what is now Ghana and the Ivory Coast, were, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, one of the most consistently high producing sources of gold in the world. In the “highly auriferous area in the forest country between the Komoe and Volta rivers”—knownmore accessibly as the Akan goldfields—this valuable commodity was extracted, processed, and then traded locally and more widely across the region. After 1482, this northerly transSaharan trade (which famously exchanged salt from Taghaza for Akan gold via Timbuktu) was supplemented by the establishment of trade with the permanent Portuguese outpost to the south of the Akan region—São Jorge da Mina. Portuguese empire building on what they","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"609 - 638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43008243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:During the mid-seventeenth century, the Society of Jesus engaged in a thorough investigation of overland routes between China and Europe. This article addresses the Jesuit “overland project” as a case study of early-modern global communication that unravels new aspects of the entangled histories of Asia and Europe during the period. The article analyses the Jesuits’ motivations, strategies, and visions regarding their overland experiment through the prism of network construction and situates this grand undertaking in the context of the global geopolitical changes around the missionaries, as a part of the Jesuits’ efforts to emancipate their long-distance communication systems from external providers of transportation, and as the manifestation of the Society’s universal vision regarding its spiritual enterprise. Seen in this new light, this understudied episode opens a window to the making of transcontinental networks and long-distance mobility at the dawn of globalization and presents Eurasia as meaningfully connected through these processes.
{"title":"Connecting Eurasia: Jesuit Experimentation with Overland Mobility Between China and Europe, 1656–1664","authors":"Yuval Givon","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:During the mid-seventeenth century, the Society of Jesus engaged in a thorough investigation of overland routes between China and Europe. This article addresses the Jesuit “overland project” as a case study of early-modern global communication that unravels new aspects of the entangled histories of Asia and Europe during the period. The article analyses the Jesuits’ motivations, strategies, and visions regarding their overland experiment through the prism of network construction and situates this grand undertaking in the context of the global geopolitical changes around the missionaries, as a part of the Jesuits’ efforts to emancipate their long-distance communication systems from external providers of transportation, and as the manifestation of the Society’s universal vision regarding its spiritual enterprise. Seen in this new light, this understudied episode opens a window to the making of transcontinental networks and long-distance mobility at the dawn of globalization and presents Eurasia as meaningfully connected through these processes.","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"639 - 668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47441952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article reveals the impact of mob violence against foreign nationals in the United States on the African American campaign to outlaw lynching and secure justice for families of victims. From the late nineteenth century, the U.S. government responded to diplomatic pressure by paying indemnities to the relatives of foreigners lynched on American soil. Washington hoped thereby to protect the international reputation of their country at a time when the United States was playing an increasingly important role in world affairs. By contrast, the federal government remained largely indifferent to the lynching of African Americans. Black activists emphasized this contrast as a means to gain greater support for their own crusade against mob violence. In so doing, they demonstrated an understanding of how international politics could be used to further the domestic fight for civil rights reform.
{"title":"African Americans and the Lynching of Foreign Nationals in the United States","authors":"William D. Carrigan, C. Webb","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article reveals the impact of mob violence against foreign nationals in the United States on the African American campaign to outlaw lynching and secure justice for families of victims. From the late nineteenth century, the U.S. government responded to diplomatic pressure by paying indemnities to the relatives of foreigners lynched on American soil. Washington hoped thereby to protect the international reputation of their country at a time when the United States was playing an increasingly important role in world affairs. By contrast, the federal government remained largely indifferent to the lynching of African Americans. Black activists emphasized this contrast as a means to gain greater support for their own crusade against mob violence. In so doing, they demonstrated an understanding of how international politics could be used to further the domestic fight for civil rights reform.","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"669 - 702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44592434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anand Yang’s Empire of Convicts explores the history of Indian convict laborers in modern Southeast Asia from the late eighteenth century through the rise of World War I. Featuring a vast array of primary sources and historiographic reflections across several subfields, the work focuses on prominent locations in Southeast Asia, such as Penang and Singapore, in the context of convict labor and the migration of convicts from various places in India to the edges of Southeast Asia. Given the integration of sources from South and Southeast Asian archives as well as sources in a range of languages, the work represents a connected world history approach to the study of convict laborers that traverses territorial boundaries of South and Southeast Asia. Yang’s introduction offers a range of histories into which this work fits, from issues of slavery and forced labor, to indenture, to the relatively understudied topic of convict laborers, in South and Southeast Asia. He claims convict laborers, or bandwars, to comprise a comparable site from which to study unfree labor, such as “indentured labor, share cropping, and debt peonage” (p. 31). Primarily because of the expansion of the British Empire in the 1790s, bandwars were sent to Bengkulu, Penang, and Singapore and the building of roads, bridges,
{"title":"Empire of Convicts: Indian Penal Labor in Colonial Southeast Asia by Anand Yang (review)","authors":"N. Bose","doi":"10.1353/jwh.2022.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2022.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Anand Yang’s Empire of Convicts explores the history of Indian convict laborers in modern Southeast Asia from the late eighteenth century through the rise of World War I. Featuring a vast array of primary sources and historiographic reflections across several subfields, the work focuses on prominent locations in Southeast Asia, such as Penang and Singapore, in the context of convict labor and the migration of convicts from various places in India to the edges of Southeast Asia. Given the integration of sources from South and Southeast Asian archives as well as sources in a range of languages, the work represents a connected world history approach to the study of convict laborers that traverses territorial boundaries of South and Southeast Asia. Yang’s introduction offers a range of histories into which this work fits, from issues of slavery and forced labor, to indenture, to the relatively understudied topic of convict laborers, in South and Southeast Asia. He claims convict laborers, or bandwars, to comprise a comparable site from which to study unfree labor, such as “indentured labor, share cropping, and debt peonage” (p. 31). Primarily because of the expansion of the British Empire in the 1790s, bandwars were sent to Bengkulu, Penang, and Singapore and the building of roads, bridges,","PeriodicalId":17466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World History","volume":"33 1","pages":"703 - 706"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46208026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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