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Strategy for Implementation of Domestic Waste Water Management Policy in the Tirtawening Regional Water Company, Bandung City 万隆市tittawening地区自来水公司生活污水管理政策实施战略
Rahmat, Boy Tagajagawani, B. Purwanto
This research is focused to discuss strategy for implementation of domestic waste water management in the Tirtawening Regional Water Company (PDAM) Bandung City. The research aimed to talk about the policy implementation, get to know factors which caused inefficiency of the policy implementation and strategy to implement the management of domestic waste water in Bandung City. The research used combination approach (Mixed-Methods) with concurrent embedded strategy which collaborated qualitative and quantitative approach to use simultaneously to support the research. The technique to collect the data used through observation, interview, literature study and focus group discussion (FGD). The research also used SWOT analysis with the result is strategy for implementation of domestic waste water management policy in the Tirtawening Regional Water Company (PDAM), Bandung City. The results of this research are (1). The implementation of domestic waste water management policy in Tirtawening Regional Water Company (PDAM) Bandung City is not efficient based on there are lot of opportunities but followed by low growth. (2) The influenced factors that have caused inefficiency of domestic waste water management policy in Bandung City are on resources, the executor and disposition/ attitude of the executor. (3). The result of domestic waste water management in Tirtawening Regional Water Company (PDAM) Bandung City have drawn that company position is in the condition that have big internal power, however there are big threats from the opponents, therefore the strategy to implement is through diversification horizontal strategy through the institutional development based on organization culture, leadership and organizational structure. Keywords—policy implementation, strategy for policy implementation, waste water management
本研究旨在探讨万隆市蒂尔塔温宁地区自来水公司(PDAM)的生活污水管理实施策略。本研究旨在探讨万隆市的政策执行情况,了解政策执行效率低下的原因及万隆市实施生活污水管理的策略。本研究采用混合方法(Mixed-Methods)和并行嵌入策略(concurrent embedded strategy),将定性方法和定量方法协同使用,同时支持研究。通过观察,访谈,文献研究和焦点小组讨论(FGD)收集数据的技术。本研究亦运用SWOT分析法,得出万隆市提尔塔温宁地区自来水公司(PDAM)的生活污水管理政策实施策略。研究结果表明:(1)万隆市蒂尔特温宁地区自来水公司(PDAM)的生活污水管理政策执行效率不高,存在大量机会,但增长缓慢。(2)造成万隆市生活污水管理政策效率低下的影响因素有资源、执行者和执行者的处置/态度。(3)万隆市蒂特温宁地区自来水公司(PDAM)的生活污水管理结果表明,公司处于内部权力较大的状态,但存在较大的对手威胁,因此实施的战略是通过以组织文化、领导力和组织结构为基础的制度发展,通过多元化的横向战略。关键词:政策实施,政策实施战略,废水管理
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of the New Normal Policy on Individual Behaviors 新常态政策对个体行为的影响
Nita Nurliawati, Apriliani Nur Rachmawati, Fatih Nur Afifah Faiqoh, Maria Benedita Evelyne Angie, Veril Alwan Hakim, Widaningsih
The outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic which has shocked not only the national scale, but the international is busy with the presence of this virus outbreak as well. This incident hinders the various activities of human life from various sectors. Therefore, the issuance of policies carried out by the government in dealing with this problem, one of which is the new normal. The new normal policy has a big impact in various lines of community life, in its handling it still needs close supervision. Many people do not understand the true meaning of new normal. This policy also resulted in changes in the structure of behaviour and conditions in society. This change is in the form of carrying out a health protocol consisting of 3M, namely using masks, washing hands with soap or hand sanitizer, and maintaining a minimum distance of 1.5 meters which not only affects him, but also has the potential to affect the surrounding environment and society at a wider scale. However, the emergence of this policy can also have an impact on the mental health of the Indonesian people. Mental health is difficult to predict, but if it happens it will have a butterfly effect. For example, such as feeling bored in doing activities in the house which is very limited to the emergence of a feeling of being buried for a long time, later it will cause unexpected things negatively like ignoring health protocols when it is time to interact outside the home. Keywords—public policy, new normal, mental health
不仅在全国范围内,在国际上也出现了令人震惊的新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行。这一事件从各个方面阻碍了人类生活的各种活动。因此,政府出台政策来应对这一问题,其中之一就是新常态。新常态政策对社会生活各方面影响较大,在处理中仍需密切监督。许多人不理解新常态的真正含义。这项政策还导致了社会行为结构和条件的变化。这种变化的形式是执行一个由3M组成的健康协议,即使用口罩,用肥皂或洗手液洗手,并保持1.5米的最小距离,这不仅影响到他,而且有可能在更大范围内影响周围的环境和社会。然而,这项政策的出台也可能对印度尼西亚人民的心理健康产生影响。心理健康是很难预测的,但如果它发生了,就会产生蝴蝶效应。例如,比如在家里做活动感到无聊,这是非常有限的,出现了一种被埋葬的感觉很长一段时间,后来它会导致意想不到的负面事情,比如在家庭外互动的时候忽视健康协议。关键词:公共政策;新常态;心理健康
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引用次数: 0
Library Transformation Based on Social Inclusion in Accelerated Covid-19 Pandemic Treatment 基于社会包容的图书馆转型与新冠肺炎疫情加速救治
Edi Wiyono
Libraries based on social inclusion are libraries that facilitate communities to develop their potential by viewing cultural diversity, willingness to accept change, and offering opportunities to strive for, protect and advocate culture and human rights. The national library performs a transformation program for libraries based on social inclusion in an effort to improve literacy in communities. It has a purpose to create societies to thrive through the transformation of libraries based on social inclusion. More specifically the program has a feature :1). Improving the quality of library service. (2). Improving the use of services by communities according to the needs of the people. 3). Stakeholder commitment and support toward the sustainable transformation of the library. The program begins in 2018, with a coverage of 160 counties/cities with 800 villages. The program in 2020 is carried out during the pandemic and has proved to be capable of empowering various classes of society and of being the solution to economic problems. There were 10,434 community outreach activities with a total of 279,437 participants. 1,082 advocacy activities are carried out to build support and policies for the library and 147 activities are undertaken to promote the regulation that promotes the transformation of libraries. With this program, the results are: 1. There is a significant influence between library service program intervention and library progress 2. There is ahigh influence between the progress of library services and the impact (intermediate impact) felt by the community 3. This program is considered to be cost effective, which is from the cost the amount issued produces a benefit ratio of 1.2 4. This programis considered effective in terms of the time and approach used and can be extended to other areas to expand the benefits of libraries for the community. Keywords—literacy, library, Covid-19, national library of Indonesia
基于社会包容的图书馆是通过观察文化多样性、接受变化的意愿、提供争取、保护和倡导文化和人权的机会,促进社区发展潜力的图书馆。国家图书馆实施了一项基于社会包容的图书馆转型计划,以提高社区的识字率。它的目的是通过基于社会包容的图书馆转型,创造繁荣的社会。更具体地说,该程序有一个特点:1)。提高图书馆服务质量。(二)根据人民群众的需要,改进社区服务利用。3)利益相关者对图书馆可持续转型的承诺和支持。该项目于2018年启动,覆盖160个县(市)、800个村。2020年方案是在疫情期间实施的,事实证明,该方案能够增强社会各阶层的权能,并能解决经济问题。共有10,434项社区外展活动,参加者达279,437人。开展了1082项倡导活动,以建立对图书馆的支持和政策,开展了147项活动,以促进促进图书馆转型的法规。使用这个程序,结果是:1。图书馆服务项目干预对图书馆发展有显著影响。图书馆服务的进展与社区感受到的影响(中间影响)之间存在着高度的影响。该方案被认为是具有成本效益的,即从成本中发放的金额产生的效益比为1.2。从时间和使用的方法来看,这个项目被认为是有效的,可以扩展到其他领域,以扩大图书馆对社区的好处。关键词:扫盲,图书馆,Covid-19,印度尼西亚国家图书馆
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of the Government Accounting System in Drafting Financial Statements of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries 海洋水产部财务报表编制中政府会计制度的实施
Dwi Purwanto
Government Regulation Number 71 of 2010 concerning Government Accounting Standards has become a new paradigm in the preparation of government financial reports, in the preparation of financial reports, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries is expected to be able to provide useful information for report users in particular, as a means to increase accountability / accountability and transparency. State financial management, in addition, is also intended to provide information to management in making decisions in an effort to realize good governance (Good governance). In this study using a qualitative method with virtual / online interviews with reviewers / auditors, Head of Finance, Head of Sub Finance, SAIBA Operators and SIMAK BMN at the Ministry of Marine Fisheries. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The results of research on the Implementation of the Government Accounting System in preparing the Financial Statements show that the Government Accounting System has supported the preparation of Financial Statements properly. However, as a suggestion in this study to produce quality financial reports requires leadership commitment in overseeing the preparation of financial reports, the need to increase the capacity of human resources in financial report compilers, especially in technical disclosures on financial reports, the need for support from a technical team from the ministry of finance with regard to updating supporting applications in preparation financial statements. Keywords—government accounting systems, financial statements
2010年关于政府会计准则的第71号政府法规已成为编制政府财务报告的新范例,在编制财务报告时,海洋事务和渔业部预计能够为报告使用者提供有用的信息,特别是作为增加问责制和透明度的手段。此外,国家财务管理还旨在为管理层提供决策信息,以实现善治(good governance)。本研究采用定性方法,对海洋渔业部的审核员/审核员、财务主管、副财务主管、SAIBA运营商和SIMAK BMN进行了虚拟/在线访谈。使用的分析方法是描述性分析。对《政府会计制度》在财务报表编制中的实施情况的研究结果表明,《政府会计制度》对财务报表的编制起到了很好的支撑作用。然而,正如本研究建议的那样,生产高质量的财务报告需要领导承诺监督财务报告的编制,需要提高财务报告编制人员的人力资源能力,特别是在财务报告的技术披露方面,需要来自财政部的技术团队的支持,以更新编制财务报表的配套应用程序。关键词:政府会计制度;财务报表
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引用次数: 0
Strategy for Handling Covid-19 in the Perspectives of Policy Implementation, Community Institutions and Community Participation in Cileunyi Sub-District 从政策实施、社区机构和社区参与的角度看慈林驿街道应对新冠肺炎战略
Ono Taryono, Siti Widharetno Mursalim, Saekul Anwar
The Covid 19 pandemic is increasingly difficult to control, so the Indonesian government at all levels must fight hard to stop its spread. Therefore, integrated efforts need to be made to deal with this pandemic that include the implementation of policy for handling Covid 19 by the government, the role of social institutions, and community participation. The purpose of this research is to analyse the Covid 19 handling strategy in the perspectives of policy implementation, community institutions and community participation in Cileunyi Sub-district, Bandung District. This research employs a qualitative method, and the data were collected through literature and document reviews, interviews with relevant informants, and observations. The analysis results showed that the implementation of the Covid 19 handling policy in Cileunyi sub-district was carried out in accordance with the Decree of the Governor of West Java No. 443 / Kep.189-Hukham/2020. Meanwhile, the role of social institutions from the preparation to the implementation stage is very decisive in overcoming Covid 19. The role of social institutions in handling Covid 19 is very crucial. However, the community did not fully participate in implementing 3M (washing hands, wearing masks, and maintaining physical distance) to cut the chain of Covid 19 spread. Furthermore, their social participation in handling Covid is carried out by controlling and monitoring the movement of people in their neighbourhood residents, providing daily need assistance for sufferers, conducting fundraising activities, providing sanitizers in public facilities, spraying disinfectants, conducting selfexamination and isolation for sufferers, and self-quarantine for those who had interacted with sufferers. Based on the research finding, the local government, the community organizations and the community in Cileunyi Sub-district need to strengthen their collaboration in handling the Covid 19. Keywords—covid-19, policy implementation, community institution, participation
新冠肺炎疫情防控难度越来越大,印尼各级政府必须努力遏制疫情蔓延。因此,需要政府实施应对政策、社会机构的作用、社区参与等综合对策。本研究的目的是从政策实施、社区机构和社区参与的角度分析万隆区吉莱尼街道的Covid - 19应对策略。本研究采用定性方法,通过文献和文献综述、采访相关举报人、观察等方式收集数据。分析结果显示,奇莱尼街道按照西爪哇省第443 / Kep.189-Hukham/2020号法令执行新冠肺炎处理政策。同时,从准备阶段到实施阶段,社会机构的作用在克服Covid - 19方面非常具有决定性。社会机构在应对Covid - 19方面的作用非常关键。但是,社区并没有充分参与到切断新冠病毒传播链的3M(洗手、戴口罩、保持身体距离)。此外,他们还通过控制和监测社区居民的人员流动,为患者提供日常需求援助,开展筹款活动,在公共设施提供消毒剂,喷洒消毒剂,对患者进行自我检查和隔离,以及对患者进行自我隔离等方式参与应对疫情。根据研究结果,当地政府、社区组织和奇莱尼街道社区需要加强合作,共同应对新冠肺炎。关键词covid-19,政策实施,社区制度,参与
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引用次数: 1
Agile Bureaucracy for Public Policy Accountability: Implementation of the Street Vendor Policy in Indonesia 敏捷官僚制的公共政策问责:街头小贩政策在印度尼西亚的实施
Sofjan Aripin, Rulinawaty, Lukman Samboteng
Public policy accountability seems to pose an everdeveloping challenge all around the globe. The increasing rate of complexity at the global scale compels bureaucracies to enhance their capabilities. In reality, however, bureaucracies become the most frequent targets of complaints from civic community organizations with respect to public policy implementations. On the other hand, they are seen as necessary multilateral, but much-in-need-of-reform, actors in global development. The main objective of this study is to build an agile bureaucracy model for public accountability in the implementation of the street vendor (PKL) policy in Indonesia. This model will observe whether agile bureaucracy management is helpful or inhibitory instead to the implementation of public policies. This study will also reveal the demanded accountability and politicization in policy actors’ relationships. Data were collected by interview through focus group discussion (FGD) technique with twenty street vendor groups, with 10 to 15 members in each group. Documentation of informants who were directly involved in activities was also carried out. Data analysis processes included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this research showed that building an agile model for the implementation of public policies helps teams with governance to generate high-quality outputs quickly. This features changes to the mindset which prioritizes clear, thorough vision over prescriptive details. This facilitates flexible leadership and organizational structures, cross-functional teams, talent ecosystems, and collaborative cultures and behaviors. Upon improvement and application to all organizations, agile breaks down functional silos, heightens transparency and accountability, and empowers employees. Keywords—agile bureaucracy, public policy accountability, public policy implementation, street vendors
公共政策问责制似乎在全球范围内构成了一个不断发展的挑战。全球范围内日益增长的复杂性迫使官僚机构提高其能力。然而,在现实中,官僚机构成为民间社区组织就公共政策执行提出投诉的最常见目标。另一方面,它们被视为全球发展中必不可少但亟需改革的多边行为体。本研究的主要目的是为印尼街头小贩政策实施中的公共问责建立一个灵活的官僚制模型。该模型将观察敏捷官僚制管理是否有助于或抑制公共政策的实施。本研究还将揭示政策行为者关系中所要求的问责制和政治化。通过焦点小组讨论(FGD)技术对20个街头小贩小组进行访谈,每个小组10至15名成员。还对直接参与活动的举报人进行了记录。数据分析过程包括数据简化、数据呈现和得出结论。这项研究的结果表明,为公共政策的实施构建一个敏捷模型有助于治理团队快速生成高质量的输出。这体现了思维方式的改变,即优先考虑清晰、彻底的愿景,而不是规定性的细节。这有利于灵活的领导和组织结构、跨职能团队、人才生态系统以及协作文化和行为。在改进和应用到所有组织之后,敏捷打破了功能孤岛,提高了透明度和问责制,并赋予员工权力。关键词:敏捷官僚制;公共政策问责制;公共政策执行
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引用次数: 0
Family Planning Program Services in Efforts to Maintain Community Satisfaction in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period National Planning Family Population Agency in Lampung Province 计划生育项目服务在新冠肺炎大流行期间努力保持社区满意度楠榜省国家计划生育人口机构
M. F. Akbar, Asmaria, Henni Kusumastuti, Neysa Amallia, Erwin Putubasai
This writing aims to determine the family planning program's service to maintain community satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic in BKKBN Lampung Province and find out what factors affect the services provided by the Lampung Province BKKBN. This research aims to change the mindset, work culture, and BKKBN management system of Lampung Province in public services. In contrast, this research's practical use is as information or reference material for those who need it, especially the BKKBN of Lampung Province. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on the data obtained, the researcher can conclude that BKKBN Lampung Province has made improvements from year to year, increased capacity, and improved Performance in Lampung Province BKKBN. However, during the Covid-19 pandemic, all services cannot be done optimally. Besides, there are still many obstacles in the form of insufficient budget, minimal supporting facilities and infrastructure, the lack of cooperation from the government and the community, making the services provided by the Lampung Province BKKBN not fully realized. Keywords—service, satisfaction, pandemics covid-19
这篇文章的目的是确定计划生育项目的服务,以保持在南榜省BKKBN的Covid-19大流行期间社区满意度,并找出哪些因素影响南榜省BKKBN提供的服务。本研究旨在改变楠榜省公共服务的心态、工作文化和BKKBN管理系统。相比之下,这项研究的实际用途是为那些需要它的人提供信息或参考资料,特别是南榜省的BKKBN。本研究采用的研究方法是描述定性的。根据获得的数据,研究人员可以得出结论,南榜省BKKBN每年都在进行改进,增加了容量,改善了南榜省BKKBN的性能。然而,在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,并非所有服务都能以最佳方式提供。此外,由于预算不足、配套设施和基础设施不足、政府和社区缺乏合作,南榜省BKKBN提供的服务尚未充分实现,因此仍然存在许多障碍。关键词:服务,满意度,covid-19
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引用次数: 0
Is Bandung Panic Button Considered Effective During the COVID-19 Pandemic? 万隆恐慌按钮在COVID-19大流行期间有效吗?
Wanda Viola Widiani, Alfina Damayanti, Annisa Nur Syifa, Azzahra Salsabila Puspitasari, Meliana Intani, Nita Nurliawati, Rofi’ Ramadhona Iyoega
Technological innovation is a solution to problems that occur in response to current developments. All aspects of life are inseparable from technology and of course make the job easier. Likewise, with fields managed by the government, based on Law Number 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services, an innovation must be carried out. Based on the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 38 of 2017, Bandung City created an innovation regarding public services in the security sector by creating a Panic Button which is managed by Bandung Command Center. There are many precarious situations that occur around us, such as fire, domestic violence, theft, extortion, and the others. This can be prevented by making effectiveness of the Panic Button which functions as an emergency liaison device created in the Bandung City to solve security problems. Moreover, during the pandemic COVID-19, various things must be adapted to suit the needs of people. Therefore, a qualitative approach is implemented in this paper through a survey conducted to 100 citizen measure the effectiveness of Bandung Panic Button during the time of pandemic COVID19. Keywords—effectiveness, public services, panic button, pandemic
技术创新是解决因当前发展而出现的问题的办法。生活的方方面面都离不开科技,当然也让工作变得更容易。同样,在政府管理的领域,根据2009年关于公共服务的第25号法律,必须进行创新。根据印度尼西亚共和国政府2017年第38号条例,万隆市通过创建由万隆指挥中心管理的紧急按钮,在安全部门的公共服务方面进行了创新。我们周围有许多不稳定的情况,比如火灾、家庭暴力、盗窃、敲诈勒索等等。万隆市为解决安全问题而创建的紧急联络装置“紧急按钮”可以有效防止这种情况的发生。此外,在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,必须调整各种事物以适应人们的需求。因此,本文采用定性方法,通过对100名公民进行调查,衡量万隆恐慌按钮在covid - 19大流行期间的有效性。关键词:有效性;公共服务;紧急按钮
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引用次数: 0
Legal Liability of Public Financial Administration in the Pandemic Era 大流行时代公共财政管理的法律责任
D. Aritonang
The conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic have prompted some major changes in various sectors, especially in this regard to the dimensions of financial governance. Basically, the state of emergency has several times causing massive factors to change the pattern and manner of government administration such as the threat of economic crises and other emergencies. Emergency conditions usually encourage changes that are not incremental but tend to be comprehensive, especially in the dimensions of government’s financial administration. This change forces the government to immediately adapt to sudden conditions through the formations of various legal instruments and policies affecting how the government’s finance is run compared to normal conditions. The problem is that the formation of emergency policies often brings a variety of criticisms and concerns about the accountability and legal liability of public finance administration as experienced in Indonesia. Act No. 2/2020 and Perpu No. 1/2020 is a legal basis for the government to manage the public finances during this crisis. Several articles in the policy deviate from the principles of rule of law and government accountability, because they seem to avoid legal accountability and give impunity for the management of public finances during a pandemic. Basically, from the perspectives of administrative and criminal law, the exclusion norms in the policy cannot be applied normatively, because it would contradict the principles of law and good governance. Therefore, the model of the norms of exemption and impunity as such, legally is not a barrier to holding the government accountable because of the violation against the use of public
新冠肺炎大流行的形势促使各领域发生了一些重大变化,特别是在金融治理方面。基本上,紧急状态曾多次造成经济危机和其他突发事件的威胁等巨大因素,改变了政府管理的模式和方式。紧急情况通常鼓励不是渐进式而是往往是全面的变革,特别是在政府财政管理方面。这种变化迫使政府通过形成各种影响政府财政运行的法律文书和政策来立即适应突发情况。问题是,紧急政策的制定常常引起对公共财政管理的问责制和法律责任的各种批评和关切,正如印度尼西亚所经历的那样。第2/2020号法案和第1/2020号法令是政府在这场危机期间管理公共财政的法律依据。政策中的若干条款偏离了法治和政府问责原则,因为它们似乎避免了法律问责,并使大流行病期间的公共财政管理不受惩罚。基本上,从行政法和刑法的角度来看,政策中的排除规范不能规范地适用,因为它违背了法律和善治的原则。因此,豁免和有罪不罚的规范模式本身,在法律上并不能成为追究政府责任的障碍,因为违反了公共使用
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Internal Control on Performance Accountability in the Main Secretariat of Indonesian Institute of Science 内部控制对印尼科学研究所主秘书处绩效问责的影响
R. L. Karunia, Diffi Fortuna Heryani
Planning and budgeting reform began in 2005 with Law No. 17 of 2003 concerning State Finance, having implications for the paradigm in the management of state finances, namely that all the state finance must be accompanied by the achievement of output. The purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of internal control on performance accountability in the Main Secretariat LIPI consisting of the control environment, risk assessment and monitoring of the accountability of the performance. The population in this research were all employers at Settama LIPI. Sampling using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique obtained 132 respondents. The research using Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis. Based on the results of the research that has been done, the results show that all variables (control environment, risk assessment and monitoring) influence and positively relate to performance accountability. Besides being able to see the influence between variables, from the SEM results it can also see the influence between indicators. The research suggests several things, such as: 1) the application of a policy, should be through a process by involving staff representatives, 2) managing risk while planning, and during and after policy changes, to see whether the policy has a negative or positive impact on performance accountability, and 3) carry out continuous monitoring of performance. Keywords—internal control, control environment, risk assessment, monitoring, performance accountability
计划和预算改革始于2005年,2003年颁布了关于国家财政的第17号法律,对国家财政管理模式产生了影响,即所有国家财政都必须伴随着产出的实现。本研究的目的是分析内部控制对主要秘书处绩效问责制的影响,包括控制环境、风险评估和绩效问责制监测。研究对象均为Settama LIPI的雇主。抽样采用比例分层随机抽样技术,获得132名回答者。研究采用结构方程模型(SEM)分析。根据已完成的研究结果,结果表明,所有变量(控制环境、风险评估和监测)都会影响绩效问责制,并与之呈正相关。除了可以看到变量之间的影响,从SEM的结果也可以看到指标之间的影响。研究提出了几点建议,例如:1)政策的实施应通过一个由工作人员代表参与的过程;2)在政策变更的规划期间、期间和之后管理风险,以确定政策对绩效问责制的影响是消极的还是积极的;3)对绩效进行持续监测。关键词:内部控制,控制环境,风险评估,监控,绩效问责
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Administration Science 2020 (ICAS 2020)
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