Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.16680
Anindita Della Rosa Riyadi, D. Siswanti
Basil plant (Ocimum americanum L.) is a fragrant annual plant widely cultivated by the people in Indonesia because it is useful and commercial. Previous research on salinity and drought stress in basil affects growth and development plant, cell turgor pressure, and the anatomical structure of the plant. However, research on the effect of alkalinity and drought stress in basil plants has not been carried out. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of variations in alkaline and drought stress on the growth and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content of basil plants. Alkalinity stress was carried out by variations of dolomite (D) doses which is divided into four levels, namely D1, D2, D3, and D4 (0 grams/pot, 100 grams/pot, 150 grams/pot, and 200 grams/pot) and variations of drought stress were divided into four types of field capacity, namely A1, A2, A3, and A4 (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Parameters measured were plant height, leaf length and width, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight, SOD content, and environmental parameters. The growth of the basil plant (O. americanum L.) decreased after being given drought stress at a field capacity level of 25%, while the SOD content of basil (O. americanum L.) did not differ significantly but increased with the increase in dolomite doses and field capacity given.
罗勒(Ocimum americanum L.)是一种芳香的一年生植物，因其实用和商业价值而被印度尼西亚人民广泛种植。先前的研究表明，盐胁迫和干旱胁迫对罗勒植物生长发育、细胞膨压和解剖结构的影响。然而，碱碱度和干旱胁迫对罗勒植株影响的研究尚未开展。因此，本研究旨在研究碱胁迫和干旱胁迫对罗勒植株生长和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量的影响。碱度胁迫下白云石(D)剂量变化分为D1、D2、D3、D4 4个水平(0 g /罐、100 g /罐、150 g /罐、200 g /罐)，干旱胁迫变化分为A1、A2、A3、A4 4种田间容量类型(25%、50%、75%、100%)。测定的参数包括株高、叶长、叶宽、叶数、鲜重和干重、SOD含量和环境参数。在田间容量水平为25%的干旱胁迫下，罗勒植株生长下降，SOD含量随白云石用量和田间容量的增加而增加，但差异不显著。
{"title":"Effect of Alkaline and Drought Stress on Growth and SOD (Superoxide dismutase) Content in Basil Plant (Ocimum americanum L.)","authors":"Anindita Della Rosa Riyadi, D. Siswanti","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.16680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.16680","url":null,"abstract":"Basil plant (Ocimum americanum L.) is a fragrant annual plant widely cultivated by the people in Indonesia because it is useful and commercial. Previous research on salinity and drought stress in basil affects growth and development plant, cell turgor pressure, and the anatomical structure of the plant. However, research on the effect of alkalinity and drought stress in basil plants has not been carried out. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of variations in alkaline and drought stress on the growth and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content of basil plants. Alkalinity stress was carried out by variations of dolomite (D) doses which is divided into four levels, namely D1, D2, D3, and D4 (0 grams/pot, 100 grams/pot, 150 grams/pot, and 200 grams/pot) and variations of drought stress were divided into four types of field capacity, namely A1, A2, A3, and A4 (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Parameters measured were plant height, leaf length and width, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight, SOD content, and environmental parameters. The growth of the basil plant (O. americanum L.) decreased after being given drought stress at a field capacity level of 25%, while the SOD content of basil (O. americanum L.) did not differ significantly but increased with the increase in dolomite doses and field capacity given.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72538880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15535
U. Susilo, F. Rachmawati, E. Wibowo
Studies on morphology, growth, and reproduction have been carried out on wild Javaen barb, but there was no information on its digestive capacity; therefore, the research was conducted to determine protease and amylase activities in the digestive tract. This study used a total of 50 barbs with body weights between 13.56 -128.93g / fish. The measurement of enzyme activity was carried out using the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that differences in fish size resulted in differences in protease activity, but not for amylase. Fish with a small size have a higher protease activity than fish with a larger size. The protease activity did not differ between pH 6.9 to 10.0 but was higher than pH 12.5. Protease activity also did not vary between the anterior and posterior intestine and between 30-50°C. Amylase activity also found no difference between the anterior and posterior intestine, but there was a difference in activity between temperatures of 30-50°C. In conclusion, protease activity occurs in a neutral to alkaline environment, and there were differences in protease activity between different body sizes but not between intestinal segments. Amylase activity occurs throughout the intestine and decreases at temperatures of 50°C.
{"title":"Protease and Amylase Activities of Javaen barb (Systomus rubripinnis Val.)","authors":"U. Susilo, F. Rachmawati, E. Wibowo","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15535","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on morphology, growth, and reproduction have been carried out on wild Javaen barb, but there was no information on its digestive capacity; therefore, the research was conducted to determine protease and amylase activities in the digestive tract. This study used a total of 50 barbs with body weights between 13.56 -128.93g / fish. The measurement of enzyme activity was carried out using the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that differences in fish size resulted in differences in protease activity, but not for amylase. Fish with a small size have a higher protease activity than fish with a larger size. The protease activity did not differ between pH 6.9 to 10.0 but was higher than pH 12.5. Protease activity also did not vary between the anterior and posterior intestine and between 30-50°C. Amylase activity also found no difference between the anterior and posterior intestine, but there was a difference in activity between temperatures of 30-50°C. In conclusion, protease activity occurs in a neutral to alkaline environment, and there were differences in protease activity between different body sizes but not between intestinal segments. Amylase activity occurs throughout the intestine and decreases at temperatures of 50°C.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81503502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15604
Saifullah Hidayat, A. M. Yusuf, H. H. Kusuma
Gelodok or mudskipper fish are unique fish that have the ability to live in both aquatic and terrestrial areas. Some Indonesian who live in coastal areas use this fish for consumption. Types of mudskipper that are abundant in Indonesia are from the genera of Boleophtalmus, Periophthalmodon and Periophthalmus, where not all types have been studied for their nutritional content. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of Boleophthalmus boddarti and Periophthalmus variabilis. his study compared the nutritional content of the two types sampled from the Kaliwungu Kendal mangrove ecosystem and the Wedarijaksa Pati mangrove ecosystem. The two types of fish sampled were measured by morphometry which included body length, body width and body weight. Then the fish were analyzed for their nutritional content, namely carbohydrates using the Luff Schroorl test method, protein using the Kjeldahl method, fat using the Soxhlet method, iron using the AAS method, and phosphorus using the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that B. boddarti had a higher protein and iron content than P. variabilis . Meanwhile, P. variabilis had higher carbohydrate, fat and phosphorus content than B. boddarti. The difference was due to different feeding behavior, habitat, and types of food in B.boddarti and P. variabilis.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Content of Mudskipper Periophthalmus variabilis and Boleophthalmus boddarti","authors":"Saifullah Hidayat, A. M. Yusuf, H. H. Kusuma","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15604","url":null,"abstract":"Gelodok or mudskipper fish are unique fish that have the ability to live in both aquatic and terrestrial areas. Some Indonesian who live in coastal areas use this fish for consumption. Types of mudskipper that are abundant in Indonesia are from the genera of Boleophtalmus, Periophthalmodon and Periophthalmus, where not all types have been studied for their nutritional content. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of Boleophthalmus boddarti and Periophthalmus variabilis. his study compared the nutritional content of the two types sampled from the Kaliwungu Kendal mangrove ecosystem and the Wedarijaksa Pati mangrove ecosystem. The two types of fish sampled were measured by morphometry which included body length, body width and body weight. Then the fish were analyzed for their nutritional content, namely carbohydrates using the Luff Schroorl test method, protein using the Kjeldahl method, fat using the Soxhlet method, iron using the AAS method, and phosphorus using the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that B. boddarti had a higher protein and iron content than P. variabilis . Meanwhile, P. variabilis had higher carbohydrate, fat and phosphorus content than B. boddarti. The difference was due to different feeding behavior, habitat, and types of food in B.boddarti and P. variabilis.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81421122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.17023
R. Simanjuntak, Ira Maya Abdiani, Perdiansyah Perdiansyah, Riska Purnama Sari
The production and demand of tilapia (O. niloticus) in some countries continue to increase but are not matched by good growth quality. Several methods have been used to increase growth, such as the use of synthetic hormones and radiation, however, the methods require such a high cost. Thus it needs to be investigated the potential replacement with natural prooduct. Papaya leaf contains papain enzyme thought to be able to improve the growth performance of fish body weight through the conversion of proteins into amino acids. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth performance of tilapia (O. niloticus) fish that were given papaya meal (C. papaya) treatments. The concentrations pellet with papaya meal respectively T1(feed with 0 grams of papaya leaf meal), T2 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 1.25 g/kg feed), T3 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 1.75 g/kg feed), T4 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 2 g/kg feed), T5 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 2.25 g/kg feed). Parameters analyzed included: absolute length growth, absolute weight, specific growth rate, FCR survival rate and, water quality. The results showed that the highest weight growth of tilapia fed with the administration of papaya leaf meal was found at T4 of 21.23 grams. In the specific weight, the optimal treatment was found in T4 with a percentage of 20.97%. In the length growth of tilapia, it was known that the T1, T4 and T5 had highest lengths when compared to other treatments and the highest survival rate of tilapia (O. niloticus) was in the T2, T3, T5 treatments of 73%. The optimal FCR value was found in the T4 treatment of 1.14. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the administration of papaya leaf flour can increase the growth performance of tilapia.Al-Nemrawi, N. K., Alsharif, S. S. M. & Dave, R. H. (2018). Preparation of Chitosan-TPP Nanoparticles: The Influence of Chitosan Polymeric Properties and Formulation Variables. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 10(5), 60–65. Awaludin., Simanjuntak, R. F. & Jumsan. (2020). Modifikasi Pakan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon). Majalah Ilmiah Biosfera, 37 (3). 168-174Amri, K. & Khairuman. (2003). Membuat Pakan Ikan Konsumsi. Agromedia Pustaka. Tangerang.Boyd, C. E. (1982). Water Quality Management for Pond Fish Culture. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.De Silva, S. S. & Anderson, T. A. (1995). Fish Nutrition In Aquaculture. Aquaculture Series 1. London, Chapman and Hall. Dongoran, D. S. (2004). Pengaruh Activator Sistein dan Natrium Klorida Terhadap Aktivitas Papain. Jurnal Sains Kimia, 8 (1). 26-28Effendi, M. I. (2002). Biologi Perikanan. Cetakan Kedua. Yayasan Pustaka Nusantara, Yogyakarta:Effendi, M. I. (2003). Telaah Kualitas Air. Kanisius: Yogyakarta. 'Haetami, K., Junianto. & Andriani, Y. (2005). Tingkat Penggunaan Gulma Air Azolla pinnata dalam Ransum Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Konver
Rachmawati D. Suminto报道。(2017年)。将Papain酶添加到商业饲料中对饲料效率、生长速度、西达鱼生皮的影响。水文化管理与技术杂志，6(4)。77-84。Salsabila, M. surapto, H.(2018年)尼禄鱼(学名Oreochromis niloticus)在加瓦提马斯的淡水养殖场发现的放大技术。水文化与鱼健康杂志，7(3)。118-123Simanjuntak, r.f.， Abdiani, I. & Verawati。(2018年)。木瓜粉的生物特征与尼拉鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)的饲料配方不同。婆罗洲鱼叉手杂志，11(2)，59-68。Simanjuntak, r.f.和Ridwansyah。(2020年)。在Pancemi和Covid-19时期，通过技术和鱼饲料生产管理，创建了Kaltara边境专业的技能。婆罗洲社区奉献期刊，4 (2)，143-150SNI 7550。(2009年)。尼禄鱼(Oreochromis niloticus Bleeker)在一个安静的水潭中进行扩张类。国家标准化。JakartaSulasi, S. Hastuti, S. Subandiyono, S.(2018)。人工饲料中的Papain酶和益生菌对饲料蛋白的利用和鲤鱼的生长的影响。热带水产学科学:印度尼西亚热带水产学杂志，2()1、Zonneveld, N.， Huisman E. A. Boon, J. H.(1991)。养殖鱼类的原理。雅加达:主要图书馆文稿·全球之声
{"title":"Bioenrichment of Papaya Leaf Meal With Different Feed Formulations on Growth Performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"R. Simanjuntak, Ira Maya Abdiani, Perdiansyah Perdiansyah, Riska Purnama Sari","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.17023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.17023","url":null,"abstract":"The production and demand of tilapia (O. niloticus) in some countries continue to increase but are not matched by good growth quality. Several methods have been used to increase growth, such as the use of synthetic hormones and radiation, however, the methods require such a high cost. Thus it needs to be investigated the potential replacement with natural prooduct. Papaya leaf contains papain enzyme thought to be able to improve the growth performance of fish body weight through the conversion of proteins into amino acids. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth performance of tilapia (O. niloticus) fish that were given papaya meal (C. papaya) treatments. The concentrations pellet with papaya meal respectively T1(feed with 0 grams of papaya leaf meal), T2 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 1.25 g/kg feed), T3 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 1.75 g/kg feed), T4 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 2 g/kg feed), T5 (administration of papaya leaf meal with 2.25 g/kg feed). Parameters analyzed included: absolute length growth, absolute weight, specific growth rate, FCR survival rate and, water quality. The results showed that the highest weight growth of tilapia fed with the administration of papaya leaf meal was found at T4 of 21.23 grams. In the specific weight, the optimal treatment was found in T4 with a percentage of 20.97%. In the length growth of tilapia, it was known that the T1, T4 and T5 had highest lengths when compared to other treatments and the highest survival rate of tilapia (O. niloticus) was in the T2, T3, T5 treatments of 73%. The optimal FCR value was found in the T4 treatment of 1.14. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the administration of papaya leaf flour can increase the growth performance of tilapia.Al-Nemrawi, N. K., Alsharif, S. S. M. & Dave, R. H. (2018). Preparation of Chitosan-TPP Nanoparticles: The Influence of Chitosan Polymeric Properties and Formulation Variables. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 10(5), 60–65. Awaludin., Simanjuntak, R. F. & Jumsan. (2020). Modifikasi Pakan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon). Majalah Ilmiah Biosfera, 37 (3). 168-174Amri, K. & Khairuman. (2003). Membuat Pakan Ikan Konsumsi. Agromedia Pustaka. Tangerang.Boyd, C. E. (1982). Water Quality Management for Pond Fish Culture. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.De Silva, S. S. & Anderson, T. A. (1995). Fish Nutrition In Aquaculture. Aquaculture Series 1. London, Chapman and Hall. Dongoran, D. S. (2004). Pengaruh Activator Sistein dan Natrium Klorida Terhadap Aktivitas Papain. Jurnal Sains Kimia, 8 (1). 26-28Effendi, M. I. (2002). Biologi Perikanan. Cetakan Kedua. Yayasan Pustaka Nusantara, Yogyakarta:Effendi, M. I. (2003). Telaah Kualitas Air. Kanisius: Yogyakarta. 'Haetami, K., Junianto. & Andriani, Y. (2005). Tingkat Penggunaan Gulma Air Azolla pinnata dalam Ransum Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Konver","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78166212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bajakah tampala plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) has been used for traditional medicine by the Kalimantan Dayak tribe in the treatment of cancer. This study aimed to find out the potential of ethanol extract of the stem of Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) as an anti-inflammatory agent in carrageenan-induced mice. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of a water-treated mouse as a negative control, sodium diclofenac 30,8 mg kg-1 as a positive control, and an extract of bajakah dose 2.5; 250; 1250 mg kg-1 BW. The dose of bajakah extract was given orally one hour before carrageenan induction. The inflammation induction used the Winter method by injecting 0.15 ml of 2% carrageenan suspension into the soles of mice. The diameter of edema was measured for 210 minutes. The results showed that the diameter of the mice soles showed a significant increase in all groups after the carrageenan injection. The value of AUC (Area Under the Curve) of bajakah extract dose (2.5; 250; 1250 mg kg-1) from the 150th minute to the 210th minute did not show significant differences from one another. The sodium diclofenac as positive control gave the lowest total AUC value of 236 mm.minute, followed by bajakah extract at a dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 BW of 239.22 mm.minute. The calculation results of the percentage of the inflammation inhibition showed that the administration of ethanol extract of the stem of Bajakah, Spatholobus littoralis, at the lowest dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 BW provide the best inflammation inhibition with 19.21% inhibitory value, nearly approaching the positive control of diclofenac sodium with an inhibitory value of 21.53%.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bajakah Stem (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) Ethanolic Extract in Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema Mice","authors":"Diah Wulandari Rousdy, Elvi R.P. Wardoyo, Siti Ifadatin","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.14126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.14126","url":null,"abstract":"Bajakah tampala plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) has been used for traditional medicine by the Kalimantan Dayak tribe in the treatment of cancer. This study aimed to find out the potential of ethanol extract of the stem of Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) as an anti-inflammatory agent in carrageenan-induced mice. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of a water-treated mouse as a negative control, sodium diclofenac 30,8 mg kg-1 as a positive control, and an extract of bajakah dose 2.5; 250; 1250 mg kg-1 BW. The dose of bajakah extract was given orally one hour before carrageenan induction. The inflammation induction used the Winter method by injecting 0.15 ml of 2% carrageenan suspension into the soles of mice. The diameter of edema was measured for 210 minutes. The results showed that the diameter of the mice soles showed a significant increase in all groups after the carrageenan injection. The value of AUC (Area Under the Curve) of bajakah extract dose (2.5; 250; 1250 mg kg-1) from the 150th minute to the 210th minute did not show significant differences from one another. The sodium diclofenac as positive control gave the lowest total AUC value of 236 mm.minute, followed by bajakah extract at a dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 BW of 239.22 mm.minute. The calculation results of the percentage of the inflammation inhibition showed that the administration of ethanol extract of the stem of Bajakah, Spatholobus littoralis, at the lowest dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 BW provide the best inflammation inhibition with 19.21% inhibitory value, nearly approaching the positive control of diclofenac sodium with an inhibitory value of 21.53%.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75421521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13769
L. Ismaini, I. Q. Lailaty, Muhammad Efendi
Three species of Begonias endemic to Java and Sumatra, namely Begonia leuserensis, Begonia atricha and Begonia scottii, were conserved in Cibodas Botanic Gardens as sources of germplasm for ornamental plant and/or medicines. However, the information on efficient hormones concentration and their culture media application through an in vitro propagation effort is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the growth response of three species of Begonias using various hormones concentrations and culture media through in vitro propagation. The culture media using Murashige & Skoog (MS) media that combinedwith 6-Benzyladenine (BA) dan Thidiazuron (TDZ) hormones in different concentrations i.e. 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 3 mg/L. Observation parameter included shoot number, plantlets height, and leaves number. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the F test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that three species of Begonias were observed to have different growth responses in the combination of MS+BA and MS+TDZ media. The combination of MS+TDZ media produces more shoots number, while the combination of MS+BA media influenced higher in leaves number. A concentration of 0.5 mg/L of hormone showed a good regeneration, therefore were recommended for in vitro propagation of Begonia species.
{"title":"Micropropagation of Three Endemic Begonias Using Various Hormones Concentration and Culture Media Application","authors":"L. Ismaini, I. Q. Lailaty, Muhammad Efendi","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13769","url":null,"abstract":"Three species of Begonias endemic to Java and Sumatra, namely Begonia leuserensis, Begonia atricha and Begonia scottii, were conserved in Cibodas Botanic Gardens as sources of germplasm for ornamental plant and/or medicines. However, the information on efficient hormones concentration and their culture media application through an in vitro propagation effort is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the growth response of three species of Begonias using various hormones concentrations and culture media through in vitro propagation. The culture media using Murashige & Skoog (MS) media that combinedwith 6-Benzyladenine (BA) dan Thidiazuron (TDZ) hormones in different concentrations i.e. 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 3 mg/L. Observation parameter included shoot number, plantlets height, and leaves number. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the F test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that three species of Begonias were observed to have different growth responses in the combination of MS+BA and MS+TDZ media. The combination of MS+TDZ media produces more shoots number, while the combination of MS+BA media influenced higher in leaves number. A concentration of 0.5 mg/L of hormone showed a good regeneration, therefore were recommended for in vitro propagation of Begonia species.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88411014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12485
I. P. G. Damayanto, Syadwina H. Dalimunthe, M. Megawati
The distribution of Dinochloa scandens is unclear. World bamboo checklists suggest it is relatively widespread in Malesia. Here we clarify issues with herbarium specimen identification. Besides, a synonym name of D. scandens, namely D. macrocarpa collected from the Philippines, needs to be reviewed. The study aims to provide information on distribution and to review the synonym of D. scandens. The habitat preferences of D. scandens are also presented. We carried out targeted fieldwork at Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park in West Java in 2019 and extensive examination of herbarium specimens from Herbarium Bogoriense and online portals to accurately circumscribe this species. All data were analyzed descriptively. Distribution, altitude, and rainfall maps for D. scandens were produced with ArcGIS Pro. Our examination on the specimens suggests that D. scandens is indeed endemic to West Java and Banten Provinces in Indonesia. This bamboo species can be found in lowland to mountain forests with an altitude of 20-1400 m, in areas with annual rainfall between 3000-4000 mm. We support D. macrocarpa as an accepted name for a bamboo species from the Philippines and remove it from synonymy with D. scandens due to clear differences in the fruit compared to specimens of D. scandens across its range.
{"title":"Dinochloa Scandens (Poaceae-Bambusoideae): Distribution, Habitat Preference, and Notes on Synonymy","authors":"I. P. G. Damayanto, Syadwina H. Dalimunthe, M. Megawati","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.12485","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of Dinochloa scandens is unclear. World bamboo checklists suggest it is relatively widespread in Malesia. Here we clarify issues with herbarium specimen identification. Besides, a synonym name of D. scandens, namely D. macrocarpa collected from the Philippines, needs to be reviewed. The study aims to provide information on distribution and to review the synonym of D. scandens. The habitat preferences of D. scandens are also presented. We carried out targeted fieldwork at Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park in West Java in 2019 and extensive examination of herbarium specimens from Herbarium Bogoriense and online portals to accurately circumscribe this species. All data were analyzed descriptively. Distribution, altitude, and rainfall maps for D. scandens were produced with ArcGIS Pro. Our examination on the specimens suggests that D. scandens is indeed endemic to West Java and Banten Provinces in Indonesia. This bamboo species can be found in lowland to mountain forests with an altitude of 20-1400 m, in areas with annual rainfall between 3000-4000 mm. We support D. macrocarpa as an accepted name for a bamboo species from the Philippines and remove it from synonymy with D. scandens due to clear differences in the fruit compared to specimens of D. scandens across its range.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74402596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.9462
Agung Purnomo Adjie, S. C. Setyawatiningsih
Snakes in Mekar Jaya mangrove ecosystem have the potential be ecotourism objects. On the other hand ecotourism activities might reduce the quality of wildlife habitat, including that of the snake. This study aimed to determine the diversity and status of snake species in the mangrove ecosystem of Rawa Mekar Jaya. A transect of 20 x 50 m was made in three stations: rivers (S1), ecotourism route (S2), and dense mangroves (S3). The observation was carried out at low tide and repeated three times with a span of 2 days. Snake data was collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. We revealed 59 snakes in the mangrove area of Rawa Mekar Jaya consisting of 3 species namely Boiga dendrophila, Cerberus rynchops, and Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus. B. dendrophila and C. rhyncops are mangrove specialists. The Shannon Wiener diversity index value (H ') for all observation stations is below one, so it is classified as low. All types of snakes found are not protected and classified as the least concern. C. rynchops is included in the CITES appendix III
{"title":"The Diversity and Conservation Status of Snakes in Rawa Mekar Jaya, Riau, Indonesia","authors":"Agung Purnomo Adjie, S. C. Setyawatiningsih","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.9462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.9462","url":null,"abstract":"Snakes in Mekar Jaya mangrove ecosystem have the potential be ecotourism objects. On the other hand ecotourism activities might reduce the quality of wildlife habitat, including that of the snake. This study aimed to determine the diversity and status of snake species in the mangrove ecosystem of Rawa Mekar Jaya. A transect of 20 x 50 m was made in three stations: rivers (S1), ecotourism route (S2), and dense mangroves (S3). The observation was carried out at low tide and repeated three times with a span of 2 days. Snake data was collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. We revealed 59 snakes in the mangrove area of Rawa Mekar Jaya consisting of 3 species namely Boiga dendrophila, Cerberus rynchops, and Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus. B. dendrophila and C. rhyncops are mangrove specialists. The Shannon Wiener diversity index value (H ') for all observation stations is below one, so it is classified as low. All types of snakes found are not protected and classified as the least concern. C. rynchops is included in the CITES appendix III","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74570197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13991
Denia Dwi Citra Resmi, T. Hidayat, S. Sriyati
Indonesia has been estimated to contain 20,000 species of Magnoliophyta around the world. The current status of Indonesia's biodiversity shows that only 15.5% of the total flora in Indonesia has been identified. This is such a low percentage, requires researchers to obtain a rapid identification method, so that unidentified species can be grouped, at least at the level of the Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida classes. DNA barcoding is a technique that can be used to quickly identify species based on short sequences of specific regions in the genome. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida plants based on the mat-K marker and to obtain DNA barcodes for each of the Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida classes. This study used an in silico approach because the molecular data about these two selected classes with 101 species for samples are abundant in Genbank NCBI database. The primary design was carried out after analyzing the phylogenetic relationship between Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida. In silico analysis using BioEdit and PAUP to reconstructthe phylogenetic tree based on mat-K DNA showed results that were in line with previous studies. The phylogenetic tree using molecular data confirms that Magnoliopsida is the ancestor of Liliopsida. This study succeeded in obtaining two pairs of specific primers for Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida, which are cttcagtggtacggagtcaaat and gagccaaagttttagcacaagaa for Magnoliopsida, whereas cccatccatatggaaatcttggt and ttgaagccagaattgcttttcc for Liliopsida. These primers can later be used to distinguish the Magnoliopsida group from Liliopsida.
{"title":"Development of DNA Barcode for Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida using In silico Approaches Based on mat-K Sequences from Chloroplast Genomes","authors":"Denia Dwi Citra Resmi, T. Hidayat, S. Sriyati","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13991","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia has been estimated to contain 20,000 species of Magnoliophyta around the world. The current status of Indonesia's biodiversity shows that only 15.5% of the total flora in Indonesia has been identified. This is such a low percentage, requires researchers to obtain a rapid identification method, so that unidentified species can be grouped, at least at the level of the Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida classes. DNA barcoding is a technique that can be used to quickly identify species based on short sequences of specific regions in the genome. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida plants based on the mat-K marker and to obtain DNA barcodes for each of the Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida classes. This study used an in silico approach because the molecular data about these two selected classes with 101 species for samples are abundant in Genbank NCBI database. The primary design was carried out after analyzing the phylogenetic relationship between Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida. In silico analysis using BioEdit and PAUP to reconstructthe phylogenetic tree based on mat-K DNA showed results that were in line with previous studies. The phylogenetic tree using molecular data confirms that Magnoliopsida is the ancestor of Liliopsida. This study succeeded in obtaining two pairs of specific primers for Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida, which are cttcagtggtacggagtcaaat and gagccaaagttttagcacaagaa for Magnoliopsida, whereas cccatccatatggaaatcttggt and ttgaagccagaattgcttttcc for Liliopsida. These primers can later be used to distinguish the Magnoliopsida group from Liliopsida.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80013915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13597
Dewi Lestari, Ridha Mahyuni
Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. was one of Rafflesia that distributed in Java. Although it has been stated as a different species, R. zollingeriana is sometimes still regarded as a synonym of R. patma. In addition, there are several contradictions in description of R. zollingeriana. Therefore, further investigation is needed. This study attempts presents a full the description of the R. zollingeriana female flower. In this study, a full description of female flower of R. zollingeriana and pictures of important characters such as ramenta, annulus, perigone lobes, disc, processes, bractea are presented. This study is also compared the morphology of R. zollingeriana and R. patma, to confirm their differences in size, opening of diaphragm, blotches and warts pattern on perigone lobes and diaphragm, annulus, and ramenta.
{"title":"Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord.: a Reinstatement","authors":"Dewi Lestari, Ridha Mahyuni","doi":"10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v6i2.13597","url":null,"abstract":"Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. was one of Rafflesia that distributed in Java. Although it has been stated as a different species, R. zollingeriana is sometimes still regarded as a synonym of R. patma. In addition, there are several contradictions in description of R. zollingeriana. Therefore, further investigation is needed. This study attempts presents a full the description of the R. zollingeriana female flower. In this study, a full description of female flower of R. zollingeriana and pictures of important characters such as ramenta, annulus, perigone lobes, disc, processes, bractea are presented. This study is also compared the morphology of R. zollingeriana and R. patma, to confirm their differences in size, opening of diaphragm, blotches and warts pattern on perigone lobes and diaphragm, annulus, and ramenta.","PeriodicalId":17683,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Biodjati","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74131128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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