Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.329
Narimi Miyazaki, H. Suematsu, Y. Yamagishi, Ei-ichiro Sunamura, M. Iwasaki, T. Tanaka, H. Mikamo
Measurement of (1 → 3)- β -D-glucan (BDG), a component of the fungal cell wall, in the serum is a useful method for the diagnosis of deep-seated mycoses. Although, two kinetic turbidimetric methods based on the clotting activity of Limulus hemocytes and a synthetic chromogenic substrate have been used previously for the measurement, neither method addresses the issue of natural resource conservation. Therefore, the analytical performance of the newly developed Immunotesta BDG reagent (SEKISUI MEDLICAL CO., LTD.), a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a BDG-specific mon-oclonal antibody, was evaluated in this study. The ELISA good performances regard to accuracy, within-run precision, limit of detection, dilution linearity, and intermediate precision ; in they useful in interference studies. The measurments obtained from the Wako β -glucan Test (turbidimetric assay) and the Fungitec G-test ES “Nissui” (chromogenic assay) were compared with those from the ELISA. The correlation between the results of ELISA and the turbidimetric assay was R = 0.938 (p ＜ 0.001, y = 2.48x +10.6), and that between ELISA and the chromogenic assay was R = 0.971 (p ＜ 0.001, y = 0.97 × 2.97). The slope of the correlation between the results of the ELISA and the turbidimetric assay was 2.48, and the BDG measurment value differed by about 2 times. A good correlation was observed between the results of the ELISA and the chromogenic assay, and the overall concordance rate of 90.7% was below the cutoff value of 20 pg/mL. These results indicate that the new ELISA method may be useful for obtaining measurements of BDG in the clinical setting.
血清中真菌细胞壁成分(1→3)- β - d -葡聚糖(BDG)的测定是诊断深部真菌病的一种有效方法。虽然，基于鲎细胞凝血活性和合成显色底物的两种动态浊度法已经被用于测量，但这两种方法都没有解决自然资源保护的问题。因此，本研究对新开发的immunnotesta BDG试剂(SEKISUI MEDLICAL CO.， LTD)的分析性能进行了评估，这是一种使用BDG特异性单克隆抗体的夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)。该酶联免疫吸附法在准确度、运行内精密度、检出限、稀释线性度、中间精密度等方面均表现良好;它们在干扰研究中很有用。将Wako β -葡聚糖试验(浊度法)和Fungitec G-test ES“Nissui”(显色法)的测定结果与ELISA的测定结果进行比较。ELISA与比浊法检测结果的相关性R = 0.938 (p < 0.001, y = 2.48x +10.6)，与显色法检测结果的相关性R = 0.971 (p < 0.001, y = 0.97 x -2.97)。ELISA结果与浊度法结果的相关斜率为2.48,BDG测量值相差约2倍。ELISA结果与显色试验结果具有良好的相关性，总体一致性率为90.7%，低于20 pg/mL的临界值。这些结果表明，新的ELISA方法可能是有用的，以获得BDG的测量在临床设置。
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of a New Enzyme Immunoassay Method for Quantitative Determination of (1→3)-β-D-glucan in the Serum","authors":"Narimi Miyazaki, H. Suematsu, Y. Yamagishi, Ei-ichiro Sunamura, M. Iwasaki, T. Tanaka, H. Mikamo","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.329","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of (1 → 3)- β -D-glucan (BDG), a component of the fungal cell wall, in the serum is a useful method for the diagnosis of deep-seated mycoses. Although, two kinetic turbidimetric methods based on the clotting activity of Limulus hemocytes and a synthetic chromogenic substrate have been used previously for the measurement, neither method addresses the issue of natural resource conservation. Therefore, the analytical performance of the newly developed Immunotesta BDG reagent (SEKISUI MEDLICAL CO., LTD.), a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a BDG-specific mon-oclonal antibody, was evaluated in this study. The ELISA good performances regard to accuracy, within-run precision, limit of detection, dilution linearity, and intermediate precision ; in they useful in interference studies. The measurments obtained from the Wako β -glucan Test (turbidimetric assay) and the Fungitec G-test ES “Nissui” (chromogenic assay) were compared with those from the ELISA. The correlation between the results of ELISA and the turbidimetric assay was R = 0.938 (p ＜ 0.001, y = 2.48x +10.6), and that between ELISA and the chromogenic assay was R = 0.971 (p ＜ 0.001, y = 0.97 × 2.97). The slope of the correlation between the results of the ELISA and the turbidimetric assay was 2.48, and the BDG measurment value differed by about 2 times. A good correlation was observed between the results of the ELISA and the chromogenic assay, and the overall concordance rate of 90.7% was below the cutoff value of 20 pg/mL. These results indicate that the new ELISA method may be useful for obtaining measurements of BDG in the clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83177797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.348
Ken-Ichi Yasuda, T. Ishiji
{"title":"A Case of Disseminated Gonococcal Infection Developing during Treatment with Eculizumab","authors":"Ken-Ichi Yasuda, T. Ishiji","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.348","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77728622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.335
Koki Kikuchi, R. Osawa, R. Yamamuro, Y. Yano, T. Watari, Y. Otsuka, N. Hosokawa
new infarction in the pons. The patient eventually died of aspiration pneumonia. Autopsy revealed C. neoformans infiltrating the perivascular spaces of the perforating branches of the middle cerebral and basilar artery regions, with inflammation and thrombotic occlusions of these vessels. This case serves to highlight the fact that it is the thrombosis caused by the significant perivascular inflammation, and not infiltration of the vessels by C. neoformans itself, that plays the major role in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction in non-HIV patients with C. neoformans meningoencephalitis.
{"title":"Cryptococcus neoformans Meningoencephalitis with Multiple Cerebral Infarctions in a non-HIV Patient","authors":"Koki Kikuchi, R. Osawa, R. Yamamuro, Y. Yano, T. Watari, Y. Otsuka, N. Hosokawa","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.335","url":null,"abstract":"new infarction in the pons. The patient eventually died of aspiration pneumonia. Autopsy revealed C. neoformans infiltrating the perivascular spaces of the perforating branches of the middle cerebral and basilar artery regions, with inflammation and thrombotic occlusions of these vessels. This case serves to highlight the fact that it is the thrombosis caused by the significant perivascular inflammation, and not infiltration of the vessels by C. neoformans itself, that plays the major role in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction in non-HIV patients with C. neoformans meningoencephalitis.","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89228981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.293
Yoshihiro Nakata, H. Ode, M. Kubota, K. Matsuoka, M. Matsuda, Miho Nakasuji, Mikiko Mori, Mayumi Imahashi, Y. Yokomaku, Y. Iwatani
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which has spread rapidly worldwide to cause a global pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 genome shows a lower mutation rate than other RNA viruses. However, because of the ongoing rapid worldwide transmission among humans, the genetic diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 genome has increased. In Japan, a previous study suggested that the distinct viral clades L, S, G and GR of SARS-CoV-2 had been imported from overseas and begun to circulate domestically by April 2020. However, little is known about molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 since then, because of the lack of sufficient information on the viral genome sequence information in Japan. Herein, to probe the molecular epidemiological trends in Japan, we determined the full genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 (n=55) derived from patients admitted to our hospital and performed a comparative analysis with domestic and international sequence information available from GISAID and GenBank. The results showed that the dominant domestic genotypes, including our determined sequences, had shifted from clades S and L to clades G and GR, and dispersed widely during the first infection peak period (March to April). In contrast, all the SARS-CoV-2 genotypes after May 2020 are highly clustered as unique clade GR genotypes that are not detected outside Japan. This genetic clustering occurred during the period under which restrictions were placed on overseas travel in Japan. Similar trends of viral genotype clustering have also been observed worldwide, with regional disparities. Under these circumstances, we should adopt adequate preventive measures to prevent the viral genetic diversity from increasing, and also further extend the molecular epidemiological survey of SARS-CoV-2 genotypes in Japan. These efforts will aid in ensuring successful use of the novel vaccines and antiviral drugs in the near future.
{"title":"Molecular Epidemiological Insights into Transmission Trends in Nagoya Area Based on SARS-CoV-2 Genome Sequencing (Mar-Oct, 2020)","authors":"Yoshihiro Nakata, H. Ode, M. Kubota, K. Matsuoka, M. Matsuda, Miho Nakasuji, Mikiko Mori, Mayumi Imahashi, Y. Yokomaku, Y. Iwatani","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.293","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which has spread rapidly worldwide to cause a global pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 genome shows a lower mutation rate than other RNA viruses. However, because of the ongoing rapid worldwide transmission among humans, the genetic diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 genome has increased. In Japan, a previous study suggested that the distinct viral clades L, S, G and GR of SARS-CoV-2 had been imported from overseas and begun to circulate domestically by April 2020. However, little is known about molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 since then, because of the lack of sufficient information on the viral genome sequence information in Japan. Herein, to probe the molecular epidemiological trends in Japan, we determined the full genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 (n=55) derived from patients admitted to our hospital and performed a comparative analysis with domestic and international sequence information available from GISAID and GenBank. The results showed that the dominant domestic genotypes, including our determined sequences, had shifted from clades S and L to clades G and GR, and dispersed widely during the first infection peak period (March to April). In contrast, all the SARS-CoV-2 genotypes after May 2020 are highly clustered as unique clade GR genotypes that are not detected outside Japan. This genetic clustering occurred during the period under which restrictions were placed on overseas travel in Japan. Similar trends of viral genotype clustering have also been observed worldwide, with regional disparities. Under these circumstances, we should adopt adequate preventive measures to prevent the viral genetic diversity from increasing, and also further extend the molecular epidemiological survey of SARS-CoV-2 genotypes in Japan. These efforts will aid in ensuring successful use of the novel vaccines and antiviral drugs in the near future.","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88751226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.319
H. Kushida, Takao Nakauchi, Hiroki Yagura, Dai Watanabe, T. Uehira, T. Shirasaka
{"title":"Changes in the Plasma Concentrations of Tenofovir in a Hemodialysis Patient with HIV-1 and HBV Co-infection：A Case Report","authors":"H. Kushida, Takao Nakauchi, Hiroki Yagura, Dai Watanabe, T. Uehira, T. Shirasaka","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73382505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.301
H. Hamada, M. Hayashi
Gram-negative glucose-non-fermenting Acinetobacter can be isolated from the natural environment and from the skin and intestinal tract of both healthy and immunocompromised patients, and can cause blood-stream infections and pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Although Acinetobacter strains frequently show resistance to drugs and are often resistant to the initially selected antimicrobial agents, there are lim-ited studies on the initial treatment and prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the data of 68 cases of Acinetobacter bacteremia seen from January 2009 to July 2018 at our institution. The mean age of the patients was 69 years. The most common infections that necessitated administration of antimicrobial agents were intestinal infections (34%) and catheter infections (25%). There was no difference in the 30-day mortality between the groups with the aforementioned infections (9 (21%) vs. 6 (24%) (P=0.90)). The prognos-tic factors in Acinetobacter bacteremia do not depend on the antimicrobial selected for the initial treatment, but may be greatly influenced by underlying diseases and age. The findings suggest that choice of the appropriate treatment based on the results of culture is more important than widespread treatment in the early stage.
{"title":"Association between the Antimicrobial Choice for Initial Treatment of Acinetobacter Bacteremia and the Mortality","authors":"H. Hamada, M. Hayashi","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.301","url":null,"abstract":"Gram-negative glucose-non-fermenting Acinetobacter can be isolated from the natural environment and from the skin and intestinal tract of both healthy and immunocompromised patients, and can cause blood-stream infections and pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Although Acinetobacter strains frequently show resistance to drugs and are often resistant to the initially selected antimicrobial agents, there are lim-ited studies on the initial treatment and prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the data of 68 cases of Acinetobacter bacteremia seen from January 2009 to July 2018 at our institution. The mean age of the patients was 69 years. The most common infections that necessitated administration of antimicrobial agents were intestinal infections (34%) and catheter infections (25%). There was no difference in the 30-day mortality between the groups with the aforementioned infections (9 (21%) vs. 6 (24%) (P=0.90)). The prognos-tic factors in Acinetobacter bacteremia do not depend on the antimicrobial selected for the initial treatment, but may be greatly influenced by underlying diseases and age. The findings suggest that choice of the appropriate treatment based on the results of culture is more important than widespread treatment in the early stage.","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82603614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.307
Yasuaki Iida, Sumika Aoyama, Fumitaka Kase, Yoshinori Ishikubo, Tomonori Ida, Haruhiko Hoshi, T. Ota
Background: The reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test is currently the gold standard for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, until date, few studies have reported on the performance of the quantitative antigen test. In this study, we attempted to validate the performance of a quantitative antigen test at a medium-sized hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 149 nasopharyngeal swabs from 115 hospitalized patients were tested in parallel by-SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and the quantitative antigen test, and the results were compared. We assessed: (1) the detection rates with the quantitative antigen test and RT-PCR;(2) the factors associated with discordant results;(3) correlation of antigen concentration over the course of the clinical illness.
{"title":"A Clinical Usefulness of Quantitative Antigen Test for COVID-19 Diagnosis","authors":"Yasuaki Iida, Sumika Aoyama, Fumitaka Kase, Yoshinori Ishikubo, Tomonori Ida, Haruhiko Hoshi, T. Ota","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.307","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test is currently the gold standard for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, until date, few studies have reported on the performance of the quantitative antigen test. In this study, we attempted to validate the performance of a quantitative antigen test at a medium-sized hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 149 nasopharyngeal swabs from 115 hospitalized patients were tested in parallel by-SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and the quantitative antigen test, and the results were compared. We assessed: (1) the detection rates with the quantitative antigen test and RT-PCR;(2) the factors associated with discordant results;(3) correlation of antigen concentration over the course of the clinical illness.","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87527847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-20DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.122
Ryuji Koizumi, Y. Kusama, M. Ishikane, C. Tanaka, Akane Ono, Yoshiaki Gu, A. Kaneko, N. Ohmagari
{"title":"Cross-sectional Study to Clarify the Status of Antimicrobial Drug Prescription in dental outpatient care Study to Clarify the Status of Antimicrobial Drug Prescription in dental outpatient care","authors":"Ryuji Koizumi, Y. Kusama, M. Ishikane, C. Tanaka, Akane Ono, Yoshiaki Gu, A. Kaneko, N. Ohmagari","doi":"10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.95.122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17713,"journal":{"name":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85378051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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