Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1588
Ebru Sayilgan, Y. Yuce, Y. Isler
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a communication system that enables individuals who lack control and use of their existing muscular and nervous systems to interact with the outside world because of various reasons. A BCI enables its user to communicate with some electronic devices by processing signals generated during brain activities. This study attempts to detect and collect gaze data within Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals through classification. To this purpose, three datasets comprised of EEG signals recorded by researchers from the Autonomous University were adopted. The EEG signals in these datasets were collected in a setting where subjects’ gaze into five boxes shown on a computer screen was recognized through Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential based BCI. The classification was performed using algorithms of Naive Bayes, Extreme Learning Machine, and Support Vector Machines. Three feature sets; Autoregressive, Hjorth, and Power Spectral Density, were extracted from EEG signals. As a result, using Autoregressive features, classifiers performed between 45.67% and 78.34%, whereas for Hjorth their classification performance was within 43.34-75.25%, and finally, by using Power Spectral Density their classification performance was between 57.36% and 83.42% Furthermore, classifier performances using Naive Bayes varied between 52.23% and 79.15% for Naive Bayes, 56.32-83.42% for Extreme Learning Machine, and 43.34-72.27% for Support Vector Machines by regarding classification algorithms. Among achieved accuracy performances, the best accuracy is 83.42%, achieved by the Power Spectral Density features and Extreme Learning Machine algorithm pair.
{"title":"Determining Gaze Information from Steady-State Visually-Evoked Potentials","authors":"Ebru Sayilgan, Y. Yuce, Y. Isler","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1588","url":null,"abstract":"Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a communication system that enables individuals who lack control and use of their existing muscular and nervous systems to interact with the outside world because of various reasons. A BCI enables its user to communicate with some electronic devices by processing signals generated during brain activities. This study attempts to detect and collect gaze data within Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals through classification. To this purpose, three datasets comprised of EEG signals recorded by researchers from the Autonomous University were adopted. The EEG signals in these datasets were collected in a setting where subjects’ gaze into five boxes shown on a computer screen was recognized through Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential based BCI. The classification was performed using algorithms of Naive Bayes, Extreme Learning Machine, and Support Vector Machines. Three feature sets; Autoregressive, Hjorth, and Power Spectral Density, were extracted from EEG signals. As a result, using Autoregressive features, classifiers performed between 45.67% and 78.34%, whereas for Hjorth their classification performance was within 43.34-75.25%, and finally, by using Power Spectral Density their classification performance was between 57.36% and 83.42% Furthermore, classifier performances using Naive Bayes varied between 52.23% and 79.15% for Naive Bayes, 56.32-83.42% for Extreme Learning Machine, and 43.34-72.27% for Support Vector Machines by regarding classification algorithms. Among achieved accuracy performances, the best accuracy is 83.42%, achieved by the Power Spectral Density features and Extreme Learning Machine algorithm pair.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83048040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1615
Y. A. Onur, Abdullah Tombak
Wire ropes and strands have found an important place in many different engineering disciplines with their strengths and flexibilities. Ropes are frequently used in elevators, cranes and bridges as material handling equipment due to their constructional advantages. The purpose of this study is to reveal mechanical behavior of a prestressing steel strand subjected to axial tension load by means of finite elements method. Twisting moment, wire stress, wire strain at each layer of investigated prestressing strand and safety factors have been determined. It can be concluded that safety factors are 2.44 for frictional contact condition and 2.39 for frictionless contact condition in accordance with total axial load carried.
{"title":"Finite Elements Modeling and Analysis of an Axially Loaded Prestressing Strand","authors":"Y. A. Onur, Abdullah Tombak","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1615","url":null,"abstract":"Wire ropes and strands have found an important place in many different engineering disciplines with their strengths and flexibilities. Ropes are frequently used in elevators, cranes and bridges as material handling equipment due to their constructional advantages. The purpose of this study is to reveal mechanical behavior of a prestressing steel strand subjected to axial tension load by means of finite elements method. Twisting moment, wire stress, wire strain at each layer of investigated prestressing strand and safety factors have been determined. It can be concluded that safety factors are 2.44 for frictional contact condition and 2.39 for frictionless contact condition in accordance with total axial load carried.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73685890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1613
Ali Narin, Safa Kaan Kefeli
Meme kanseri, tum dunyada oldukca yaygin olan bir kanser turudur. Cogunlukla kadinlarda gorulen bu kanser turunun erken tespiti oldukca onemlidir. Bu nedenle zorlu ve yorucu olan meme kanseri tespit surecinde bilgisayar destekli karar mekanizmalarinin gelistirilmesi onemlidir. Bu calismada, meme kanseri tespitinde kesin taninin konmasina yardimci olmak icin bilgisayar tabanli otomatik bir karar destek sistemi tasarlanmistir. Sistem icin, farkli buyutme miktarlarina sahip gercek ham histopatolojik goruntuler kullanilmistir. Bu goruntulerden hangisinin iyi huylu tumor hangisinin kotu huylu tumor olduguna on egitimli ResNet50 evrisimli sinir agi ve VGG16 evrisimli sinir agi kullanilarak karar verilmistir. Bununla beraber veri setindeki 4 farkli buyutme oranlarindan (40X,100X,200X,400X) hangi buyutme miktarinda daha iyi tespit yapildigi arastirilmistir. Sonuc olarak 200X buyutme miktarina sahip veriler icin %93,03 dogruluk, %93,03 hassaslik ve %93,03 secicilik performans degerleri on egitimli Resnet50 evrisimli sinir agi ile tespit edilmistir. Amaclanan bu sistemin patologlara yardimci bir bilgisayar tabanli tumor tespit uygulamasi olacagi dusunulmektedir.
{"title":"Meme Kanseri Tespitinde Evrişimsel Sinir Ağı Modellerinin Performansları","authors":"Ali Narin, Safa Kaan Kefeli","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1613","url":null,"abstract":"Meme kanseri, tum dunyada oldukca yaygin olan bir kanser turudur. Cogunlukla kadinlarda gorulen bu kanser turunun erken tespiti oldukca onemlidir. Bu nedenle zorlu ve yorucu olan meme kanseri tespit surecinde bilgisayar destekli karar mekanizmalarinin gelistirilmesi onemlidir. Bu calismada, meme kanseri tespitinde kesin taninin konmasina yardimci olmak icin bilgisayar tabanli otomatik bir karar destek sistemi tasarlanmistir. Sistem icin, farkli buyutme miktarlarina sahip gercek ham histopatolojik goruntuler kullanilmistir. Bu goruntulerden hangisinin iyi huylu tumor hangisinin kotu huylu tumor olduguna on egitimli ResNet50 evrisimli sinir agi ve VGG16 evrisimli sinir agi kullanilarak karar verilmistir. Bununla beraber veri setindeki 4 farkli buyutme oranlarindan (40X,100X,200X,400X) hangi buyutme miktarinda daha iyi tespit yapildigi arastirilmistir. Sonuc olarak 200X buyutme miktarina sahip veriler icin %93,03 dogruluk, %93,03 hassaslik ve %93,03 secicilik performans degerleri on egitimli Resnet50 evrisimli sinir agi ile tespit edilmistir. Amaclanan bu sistemin patologlara yardimci bir bilgisayar tabanli tumor tespit uygulamasi olacagi dusunulmektedir.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84083477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1547
B. Tuncsoy, F. Bueno-Pallero, L. Dionísio, Luís Neto, Pınar Ozalp
Beauveria bassiana, which is a species of entomopathogenic fungus, used for this experiment in order to determine the effects on Galleria mellonella and its parasitoid Trichogramma cacoeciae. 105, 106, 107 and 108 conidia/mL were applied to the last instar of G. mellonella by injecting the suspensions. To determine the effect of B. bassiana on T. cacoeciae, 108 conidia/mL were applied to the G. mellonella eggs. No mortality was observed in 105 and 106 conidia/mL of B. bassiana injected group, whereas death larvae was determined in 107 and 108 conidia/mL injected groups. Prevalence of black spots within the integument increased day by day. Hatchability of G. mellonella eggs were significantly decreased when B. bassiana applied to the G. mellonella eggs. Parasitism and emergence ratio were unaffected by B. bassiana. The biosafety of B. bassiana against T. cacoeciae was determined by monitoring the parasitization and emergence ratio. It was detected B. bassiana was safe to this egg parasitoid. However, there is a significant effect on mortality of G. mellonella larvae and hatchability of G. mellonella eggs.
{"title":"Effect of Beauveria bassiana on Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) and its parasitoid Trichogramma cacoeciae","authors":"B. Tuncsoy, F. Bueno-Pallero, L. Dionísio, Luís Neto, Pınar Ozalp","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1547","url":null,"abstract":"Beauveria bassiana, which is a species of entomopathogenic fungus, used for this experiment in order to determine the effects on Galleria mellonella and its parasitoid Trichogramma cacoeciae. 105, 106, 107 and 108 conidia/mL were applied to the last instar of G. mellonella by injecting the suspensions. To determine the effect of B. bassiana on T. cacoeciae, 108 conidia/mL were applied to the G. mellonella eggs. No mortality was observed in 105 and 106 conidia/mL of B. bassiana injected group, whereas death larvae was determined in 107 and 108 conidia/mL injected groups. Prevalence of black spots within the integument increased day by day. Hatchability of G. mellonella eggs were significantly decreased when B. bassiana applied to the G. mellonella eggs. Parasitism and emergence ratio were unaffected by B. bassiana. \u0000The biosafety of B. bassiana against T. cacoeciae was determined by monitoring the parasitization and emergence ratio. It was detected B. bassiana was safe to this egg parasitoid. However, there is a significant effect on mortality of G. mellonella larvae and hatchability of G. mellonella eggs.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83993223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1620
A. Erkişi, B. Yildiz
The magnetic nature, mechanical properties and electronic behavior of the ternary silver-based telluride system (Ag3FeTe4) which has sulvanite type simple cubic (SC) crystal structure which has 215 space number and conforms P4 3m space group, have been inspected by spin-polarized Generalized Gradient Approach (GGA) under Density Functional Theory (DFT). First of all, to investigate suitable magnetic order for this system, it has been considered various antiferromagnetic phases which are A-type (A-AFM), G-type (G-AFM) and C-type (C-AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) phase. As a result of calculations, it has been understood that, for Ag3FeTe4 compound, the energetically most favored magnetic phase is ferromagnetic. After that, well-optimized structural parameters and atomic positions has been obtained in ferromagnetic phase. The electronic band structure of this ferromagnetic system indicating half-metalic behavior due to the observed a small direct band gap (Eg = 0.297 eV) in spin-down states, has been investigated. Also, this compound has thermodynamic stability and structural synthesizability due to its calculated negative formation enthalpy values for all different type magnetic phases. Also, the elastic constants provide the Born Huang criteria, the material is mechanically stable.
{"title":"The Theoretical Investigation on Electronic Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Ferromagnet Silver-Based Telluride: Ag3FeTe4","authors":"A. Erkişi, B. Yildiz","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1620","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic nature, mechanical properties and electronic behavior of the ternary silver-based telluride system (Ag3FeTe4) which has sulvanite type simple cubic (SC) crystal structure which has 215 space number and conforms P4 3m space group, have been inspected by spin-polarized Generalized Gradient Approach (GGA) under Density Functional Theory (DFT). First of all, to investigate suitable magnetic order for this system, it has been considered various antiferromagnetic phases which are A-type (A-AFM), G-type (G-AFM) and C-type (C-AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) phase. As a result of calculations, it has been understood that, for Ag3FeTe4 compound, the energetically most favored magnetic phase is ferromagnetic. After that, well-optimized structural parameters and atomic positions has been obtained in ferromagnetic phase. The electronic band structure of this ferromagnetic system indicating half-metalic behavior due to the observed a small direct band gap (Eg = 0.297 eV) in spin-down states, has been investigated. Also, this compound has thermodynamic stability and structural synthesizability due to its calculated negative formation enthalpy values for all different type magnetic phases. Also, the elastic constants provide the Born Huang criteria, the material is mechanically stable.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88470696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1611
A. Pehlivan
Alkali activation is a promising method of reducing cement production considerably without further significant investments. Utilization of these materials are of extreme importance when environmental aspects such as CO2 emissions and energy consumptions are considered. In this article, effect of activator modulus and alkali content on fresh behavior and mechanical properties were investigated. 12 M NaOH solution and sodium silicate solution with a modulus of 3 were used. Water-to-binder ratio was selected as 0.5 for all specimens where binder content was calculated as the total of slag content plus activator solids. Slag content was 500 kg/m3 for all mixtures. Mechanical tests were conducted on 40 x 40 x 160 mm prismatic specimens. Results indicate that mechanical properties of alkali activated mixtures are highly dependent on both parameters hence proper optimization of these two parameters becomes compulsory. In this study, it is concluded that alkali content (Na2O/slag) should be selected 9% and whereas activator modulus should be leveled near a value of 1.5. Flexural properties were also highly affected from optimization of these parameters and similar findings are deduced. Early strength evaluations are highly dependent on activator modulus. Workability of the mixture were also diagnosed and it should be noted that flowability of mixture were adversely affected with the increasing activator solids content.
碱活化是一种很有前途的方法，可以大大减少水泥产量，而无需进一步的大量投资。当考虑到二氧化碳排放和能源消耗等环境因素时，这些材料的利用是极其重要的。研究了活化剂模量和碱含量对活化剂保鲜性能和力学性能的影响。采用12 M NaOH溶液和模数为3的水玻璃溶液。所有试样的水胶比均取0.5，其中粘结剂含量计算为矿渣含量加活化剂固体的总和。所有混合物的含渣量均为500 kg/m3。力学试验在40 × 40 × 160 mm的棱柱形试样上进行。结果表明，碱活化混合物的力学性能与这两个参数密切相关，因此必须对这两个参数进行适当的优化。在本研究中，得出碱含量(Na2O/渣)应选择9%，而活化剂模量应保持在1.5附近。这些参数的优化对弯曲性能也有很大的影响，并得出了类似的结果。早期强度评估高度依赖于活化剂模量。还对混合物的和易性进行了诊断，应该注意的是，随着活化剂固体含量的增加，混合物的流动性受到不利影响。
{"title":"Effect of alkali content and activator modulus on mechanical properties of alkali activated mortars","authors":"A. Pehlivan","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1611","url":null,"abstract":"Alkali activation is a promising method of reducing cement production considerably without further significant investments. Utilization of these materials are of extreme importance when environmental aspects such as CO2 emissions and energy consumptions are considered. In this article, effect of activator modulus and alkali content on fresh behavior and mechanical properties were investigated. 12 M NaOH solution and sodium silicate solution with a modulus of 3 were used. Water-to-binder ratio was selected as 0.5 for all specimens where binder content was calculated as the total of slag content plus activator solids. Slag content was 500 kg/m3 for all mixtures. Mechanical tests were conducted on 40 x 40 x 160 mm prismatic specimens. Results indicate that mechanical properties of alkali activated mixtures are highly dependent on both parameters hence proper optimization of these two parameters becomes compulsory. In this study, it is concluded that alkali content (Na2O/slag) should be selected 9% and whereas activator modulus should be leveled near a value of 1.5. Flexural properties were also highly affected from optimization of these parameters and similar findings are deduced. Early strength evaluations are highly dependent on activator modulus. Workability of the mixture were also diagnosed and it should be noted that flowability of mixture were adversely affected with the increasing activator solids content.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80272885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1550
Rukiye Uzun
Electroretinography is the recording of the electrical potentials when the retinal cells are stimulated with flash light. In this way, the retinal visual pathways from photoreceptors to amacrine cells can be evaluated as a whole. In this manner, it is possible to evaluate the retinal visual pathways as a whole. In obtaining electroretinography signals; factors such as the device used, the electrode, the methods in the tests performed, and the laboratory conditions play an important role. The obtained signals vary depending on these factors. Therefore, it has become necessary to determine the normal values of each electrophysiological laboratory. In this respect, we aimed to determine normal values for flash electroretinography test. Flash electroretinography test was applied to individuals who did not have any ocular disease by using the device in Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Obesity and Diabetes Application and Research Center. All stages of the test were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Using the test results, the normal values were calculated in median and were presented with the upper and lower limits of 95% confidence interval. It is thought that the normal values determined may serve as a reference for newly established laboratory environments.
{"title":"Determination of Normal Values for Flash Electroretinogram (FERG) Test","authors":"Rukiye Uzun","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1550","url":null,"abstract":"Electroretinography is the recording of the electrical potentials when the retinal cells are stimulated with flash light. In this way, the retinal visual pathways from photoreceptors to amacrine cells can be evaluated as a whole. In this manner, it is possible to evaluate the retinal visual pathways as a whole. In obtaining electroretinography signals; factors such as the device used, the electrode, the methods in the tests performed, and the laboratory conditions play an important role. The obtained signals vary depending on these factors. Therefore, it has become necessary to determine the normal values of each electrophysiological laboratory. In this respect, we aimed to determine normal values for flash electroretinography test. Flash electroretinography test was applied to individuals who did not have any ocular disease by using the device in Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Obesity and Diabetes Application and Research Center. All stages of the test were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Using the test results, the normal values were calculated in median and were presented with the upper and lower limits of 95% confidence interval. It is thought that the normal values determined may serve as a reference for newly established laboratory environments.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84592460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1602
Deniz Arca, Hülya Keskin Çıtıroğlu
Endustrinin hizla gelismesi ve dunyamizin mevcut enerji kaynaklarinin yetersizligi, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarina olan ilgiyi gun gectikce daha da arttirmistir. Turkiye’nin hizli sanayilesme ve hizli nufus artisi enerji talebinde de artisa yol acmistir. Bu nedenle Turkiye’nin yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklari potansiyelinin belirlenmesi ve ekonomiye kazandirilmasi gerekmektedir. Bu calismada yenilenebilir enerji turlerinden ruzgar enerjisi uzerinde durulmustur. Enerji uretim miktarlarinin dogru verilere dayali hesaplanmasi ve ruzgâr enerjisi santralleri (RES) icin en uygun yer seciminin belirlenmesi, ruzgar enerji santrallerinin ulke ekonomisine katki saglamasi icin oldukca onemlidir. Bu calismada Karabuk iline bagli Yenice ilcesinde uygun RES yapim yerleri seciminin Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Cok Kriterli Karar Analizi (CKKA) metodlari ve ArcGIS 10.2 yazilimi kullanilarak belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, calisma alaninin RES yapimi icin dusuk ve orta duyarlilik duzeyinde oldugu tespit edilmistir.
{"title":"Rüzgar Enerjisi Santral (RES) Yapım Yerlerinin CBS Dayalı Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi ile Belirlenmesi: Yenice İlçesi (KARABÜK) Örneği","authors":"Deniz Arca, Hülya Keskin Çıtıroğlu","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1602","url":null,"abstract":"Endustrinin hizla gelismesi ve dunyamizin mevcut enerji kaynaklarinin yetersizligi, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarina olan ilgiyi gun gectikce daha da arttirmistir. Turkiye’nin hizli sanayilesme ve hizli nufus artisi enerji talebinde de artisa yol acmistir. Bu nedenle Turkiye’nin yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklari potansiyelinin belirlenmesi ve ekonomiye kazandirilmasi gerekmektedir. Bu calismada yenilenebilir enerji turlerinden ruzgar enerjisi uzerinde durulmustur. Enerji uretim miktarlarinin dogru verilere dayali hesaplanmasi ve ruzgâr enerjisi santralleri (RES) icin en uygun yer seciminin belirlenmesi, ruzgar enerji santrallerinin ulke ekonomisine katki saglamasi icin oldukca onemlidir. Bu calismada Karabuk iline bagli Yenice ilcesinde uygun RES yapim yerleri seciminin Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Cok Kriterli Karar Analizi (CKKA) metodlari ve ArcGIS 10.2 yazilimi kullanilarak belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, calisma alaninin RES yapimi icin dusuk ve orta duyarlilik duzeyinde oldugu tespit edilmistir.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88843926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1566
M. Sulanc
In this study, the effects of heavy metals such as lead-nitrate and cadmium-chloride on the egg production and hatchabilty of the adult females of Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were investigated. In the experiments, in all rates of lead-nitrate, added to diets did not significantly affect the total egg productions and percentages of egg hatch comparing to the control group. However, both total egg productions and their hatchability were significantly decreased by the synthetic diet consisting of 0,50 mg percent and 1,00 mg percent of cadmium-chloride rates. On the contrary 5,00 mg percent of cadmium-chloride concentration increased the egg production and percentage of egg hatch comparing to the control group.Consequently, cadmium-chloride decreased the values of egg productions and percentages of egg hatch more than lead-nitrate.
{"title":"Effects of different cadmium and lead rates on the egg production and hatchability of adult Pimpla turionellae L. (Hym.,Ichneumonidae).","authors":"M. Sulanc","doi":"10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v10i2.1566","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effects of heavy metals such as lead-nitrate and cadmium-chloride on the egg production and hatchabilty of the adult females of Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were investigated. In the experiments, in all rates of lead-nitrate, added to diets did not significantly affect the total egg productions and percentages of egg hatch comparing to the control group. However, both total egg productions and their hatchability were significantly decreased by the synthetic diet consisting of 0,50 mg percent and 1,00 mg percent of cadmium-chloride rates. On the contrary 5,00 mg percent of cadmium-chloride concentration increased the egg production and percentage of egg hatch comparing to the control group.Consequently, cadmium-chloride decreased the values of egg productions and percentages of egg hatch more than lead-nitrate.","PeriodicalId":17742,"journal":{"name":"Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82122624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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