A. Hartman, E. McCabe, D. Jacobs, K. Fike, D. Grieger
Use of fixed time (FT) artificial insemination (AI) followed by immediate exposure of females to bulls for natural service can be a useful management strategy for commercial cow-calf producers to limit labor and time related to bull turnout and increase pregnancy rates earlier in the breeding season. Considering influence of bull fertility and time to and length of estrus in females, expectations for outcomes in natural service sire versus AI sire parentage is relatively unknown. Our objective was to determine the relative percentages of calves sired by either a natural service or FTAI sire within the same estrous period. In two consecutive years, heifers and cows were synchronized and inseminated using the 7-day CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) FTAI protocol. All females were inseminated by one AI technician using one sire for heifers and a different sire for cows. Females were exposed to natural service bulls immediately after insemination. After calving, DNA was collected from a random subset of calves born in the first 21 days of the calving season for parentage analysis (calves born from heifers in Year 1 = 59 and in Year 2 = 82; calves born from cows in Year 1 = 89, Year 2 = 102). The percentage of calves sired by AI and natural service was determined following parentage verification. In Year 1 , for calves born from heifers in the first 21 days of the calving season, 5.1% (n = 3/59) were sired by natural service. For calves born from cows, 14.6% (n = 13/89) were sired by natural service. In Year 2, for calves born from heifers, 9.8% (n =
{"title":"Sire Distribution of Calves in a Beef Herd with Use of Fixed Time Artificial Insemination Followed by Immediate Bull Exposure for Natural Service in Cows and Heifers","authors":"A. Hartman, E. McCabe, D. Jacobs, K. Fike, D. Grieger","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8418","url":null,"abstract":"Use of fixed time (FT) artificial insemination (AI) followed by immediate exposure of females to bulls for natural service can be a useful management strategy for commercial cow-calf producers to limit labor and time related to bull turnout and increase pregnancy rates earlier in the breeding season. Considering influence of bull fertility and time to and length of estrus in females, expectations for outcomes in natural service sire versus AI sire parentage is relatively unknown. Our objective was to determine the relative percentages of calves sired by either a natural service or FTAI sire within the same estrous period. In two consecutive years, heifers and cows were synchronized and inseminated using the 7-day CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) FTAI protocol. All females were inseminated by one AI technician using one sire for heifers and a different sire for cows. Females were exposed to natural service bulls immediately after insemination. After calving, DNA was collected from a random subset of calves born in the first 21 days of the calving season for parentage analysis (calves born from heifers in Year 1 = 59 and in Year 2 = 82; calves born from cows in Year 1 = 89, Year 2 = 102). The percentage of calves sired by AI and natural service was determined following parentage verification. In Year 1 , for calves born from heifers in the first 21 days of the calving season, 5.1% (n = 3/59) were sired by natural service. For calves born from cows, 14.6% (n = 13/89) were sired by natural service. In Year 2, for calves born from heifers, 9.8% (n =","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88992396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depth of Moist Soil at Planting Affected Grain Sorghum Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer","authors":"A. Obour, J. Holman, Yared Assefa Mulisa","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8485","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80466104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Roozeboom, J. Griffin, S. Dooley, G. Kluitenberg, D. R. Ruiz Diaz
{"title":"Biomass and Nutrient Accumulation by Dual-Purpose Hemp and Concurrent Soil Profile Water Depletion at Three Locations in Kansas in 2022","authors":"K. Roozeboom, J. Griffin, S. Dooley, G. Kluitenberg, D. R. Ruiz Diaz","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75434678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Weaning is a stressful event for calves. Various management practices have been suggested to reduce weaning stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three different weaning management practices on calf gains at weaning. Eighty-eight bull and heifer calves were assigned to one of three weaning treatments at two research locations. The weaning management options were abrupt weaning, fence-line weaning, and use of a nose-flap weaning device. Calves were weighed at the start of the measurement period and then two weeks later after weaning was completed. Calves that were weaned using the nose-flap method had significantly lower gains than calves that were abruptly weaned or fence-line weaned. Bulls also gained more during this weaning period than heifers did. Generally, fence-line weaned calves have a greater gain than abruptly weaned calves, but in this study where the calves were abruptly weaned and only moved a few miles from the dams, we did not see a difference in gains during the weaning event between abrupt weaning and fence-line practices. The nose-flap device seemed to lead to a lower gain for calves during this period and more research on the device is needed before determining the best weaning management practice.
{"title":"Weaning Method Evaluation for Beef Cattle","authors":"J. Farney","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8438","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Weaning is a stressful event for calves. Various management practices have been suggested to reduce weaning stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three different weaning management practices on calf gains at weaning. Eighty-eight bull and heifer calves were assigned to one of three weaning treatments at two research locations. The weaning management options were abrupt weaning, fence-line weaning, and use of a nose-flap weaning device. Calves were weighed at the start of the measurement period and then two weeks later after weaning was completed. Calves that were weaned using the nose-flap method had significantly lower gains than calves that were abruptly weaned or fence-line weaned. Bulls also gained more during this weaning period than heifers did. Generally, fence-line weaned calves have a greater gain than abruptly weaned calves, but in this study where the calves were abruptly weaned and only moved a few miles from the dams, we did not see a difference in gains during the weaning event between abrupt weaning and fence-line practices. The nose-flap device seemed to lead to a lower gain for calves during this period and more research on the device is needed before determining the best weaning management practice.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79893644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Soybean and corn varieties were tested in replicated field trials at the Southeast Research and Extension Center in Parsons through the Kansas State University variety testing program. In total, nine corn varieties and three maturity checks were tested. Fourteen full season and ten double-cropped soybean varieties were tested, with three maturity checks. Additionally, sorghum and sunflower varieties were tested. The 2022 summer crop growing season was challenging. High temperatures and low rainfall reduced crop production. Crop production was severely impacted by the hot, dry conditions, both across the state and in the cultivar trials at Parsons. No yield results are available for the variety tests from Parsons.
{"title":"Corn and Soybean Production – 2022 Summary","authors":"","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8443","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Soybean and corn varieties were tested in replicated field trials at the Southeast Research and Extension Center in Parsons through the Kansas State University variety testing program. In total, nine corn varieties and three maturity checks were tested. Fourteen full season and ten double-cropped soybean varieties were tested, with three maturity checks. Additionally, sorghum and sunflower varieties were tested. The 2022 summer crop growing season was challenging. High temperatures and low rainfall reduced crop production. Crop production was severely impacted by the hot, dry conditions, both across the state and in the cultivar trials at Parsons. No yield results are available for the variety tests from Parsons.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76242784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Velasco Ayala, L. Koulicoff, C. Chun, T. O’Quinn, E. Boyle, M. Richards, C. Jones, M. Chao
{"title":"Effects of Adding Egg Powder from Hens Immunized Against Phospholipase α2 on Ground Striploin Shelf Life","authors":"C. Velasco Ayala, L. Koulicoff, C. Chun, T. O’Quinn, E. Boyle, M. Richards, C. Jones, M. Chao","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73123085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. K. Decker, K. Lybarger, J. Kwon, G. Ibendahl, Y. Teng-Vaughan, D. Kehler, T. O’Quinn
{"title":"Evaluation of Kansas Beef Consumers’ Awareness and Understanding of Business-to-Consumer Marketing","authors":"L. K. Decker, K. Lybarger, J. Kwon, G. Ibendahl, Y. Teng-Vaughan, D. Kehler, T. O’Quinn","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77583879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethan B. Stas, Joel M. DeRouchey, Mike D. Tokach, Jason C. Woodworth, Robert D. Goodband, Jordan T. Gebhardt
A total of 1,134 pigs (L337 × 1050 PIC; initially 10.4 lb) were used to evaluate anchovy fish meal with or without added fish solubles on nursery pig performance in a commercial environment. At weaning, pigs were allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments containing three different specialty protein sources added on an SID Lys basis. Dietary treatments consisted of a control diet containing enzymatically treated soybean meal at 7.0% of the diet, a diet containing 5.1% anchovy fish meal, and a diet containing 5.33% anchovy fish meal with added anchovy fish solubles. Pigs were fed experimental diets in phases 1 and 2 based on feed budget with phase 1 fed at 5 lb/pig and phase 2 fed at 12 lb/pig. Experimental diets were fed for approximately 21 d after weaning. Following experimental diets, all pigs were fed a common corn-soybean meal-based diet until the completion of the study. There were no differences in growth performance throughout the experimental period (d 0 to 21). During the common period (d 21 to 42), pigs previously fed anchovy fish meal with added fish solubles had improved (P < 0.05) feed efficiency compared to pigs fed the control diet, with those fed anchovy fish meal alone intermediate. Overall (d 0 to 42), there was a tendency was observed (P = 0.070) where pigs fed anchovy fish meal with added fish solubles had numerically better feed efficiency compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, feeding pigs anchovy fish meal alone resulted in no differences in growth compared to pigs fed diets with enzymatically treated soybean meal, but utilizing anchovy fish meal with added anchovy fish solubles in early nursery diets improved feed efficiency late in the nursery period.
{"title":"Evaluation of Anchovy Fish Meal with or without Added Fish Solubles on Nursery Pig Performance","authors":"Ethan B. Stas, Joel M. DeRouchey, Mike D. Tokach, Jason C. Woodworth, Robert D. Goodband, Jordan T. Gebhardt","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8520","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 1,134 pigs (L337 × 1050 PIC; initially 10.4 lb) were used to evaluate anchovy fish meal with or without added fish solubles on nursery pig performance in a commercial environment. At weaning, pigs were allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments containing three different specialty protein sources added on an SID Lys basis. Dietary treatments consisted of a control diet containing enzymatically treated soybean meal at 7.0% of the diet, a diet containing 5.1% anchovy fish meal, and a diet containing 5.33% anchovy fish meal with added anchovy fish solubles. Pigs were fed experimental diets in phases 1 and 2 based on feed budget with phase 1 fed at 5 lb/pig and phase 2 fed at 12 lb/pig. Experimental diets were fed for approximately 21 d after weaning. Following experimental diets, all pigs were fed a common corn-soybean meal-based diet until the completion of the study. There were no differences in growth performance throughout the experimental period (d 0 to 21). During the common period (d 21 to 42), pigs previously fed anchovy fish meal with added fish solubles had improved (P < 0.05) feed efficiency compared to pigs fed the control diet, with those fed anchovy fish meal alone intermediate. Overall (d 0 to 42), there was a tendency was observed (P = 0.070) where pigs fed anchovy fish meal with added fish solubles had numerically better feed efficiency compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, feeding pigs anchovy fish meal alone resulted in no differences in growth compared to pigs fed diets with enzymatically treated soybean meal, but utilizing anchovy fish meal with added anchovy fish solubles in early nursery diets improved feed efficiency late in the nursery period.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ron Aldwin S. Navales, Mike D. Tokach, Dwayne A. Krogstad, Joel M. DeRouchey, Jordan T. Gebhardt, Robert D. Goodband, Jason C. Woodworth
A total of 2,160 mixed-gender pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; initially 54.8 ± 9.4 lb) were used in the 120-d study to compare feeding strategies (phase feeding vs. complete diet blending) at different SID Lys levels (90 vs. 100% of requirement estimates) on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and economics. Pens of pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments following a completely randomized block design with barn and initial body weight as blocking factors. The treatments included two feeding programs, a 5-phase feeding strategy at either 90% (Phase-90) or 100% of SID Lys requirement estimates (Phase-100); or two programs with complete diet blending, with pre-defined mixing proportions of a low and high SID Lys diet to meet 90 (Blend-90) or 100% (Blend-100) of the SID Lys curve requirement estimates for 50- to 280-lb pigs. Pigs in the phase-feeding strategies were fed on a feed budget with 47, 144, 147, 138, and 136 lb of feed per pig for phases 1 to 5, respectively. Body weights at any period of the trial and overall ADG (d 0 to 120) were not affected by the feeding strategy nor by diet SID Lys levels. In contrast, the overall ADFI of pigs fed by diet blending was lower than the ADFI of those fed by phase feeding (P = 0.002), resulting in improved F/G (P < 0.001). The SID Lys levels did not influence overall ADFI or F/G. Hot carcass weight, carcass yield, lean percentage, fat depth, and loin depth were not affected by the feeding program. Despite the lower overall ADFI of pigs fed by diet blending, the feeding strategy resulted in no significant differences in economic criteria except for feed cost per lb of gain at the high price scenario (P = 0.049). With low diet cost, the 90% SID Lys level resulted in lower feed cost per pig and feed cost per lb of gain than 100% SID Lys, but this was not reflected in income over feed cost (IOFC). In conclusion, diet blending at either 90 or 100% of the SID Lys requirement estimate improved F/G by reducing ADFI without impacting ADG or carcass characteristics. At current prices used in this study, feeding strategies at either 90 or 100% SID Lys did not significantly affect IOFC, but feeding 90% of the SID Lys recommendation reduced the feed cost.
{"title":"Evaluation of Phase Feeding and Complete Diet Blending at Different Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine Levels on Growing-Finishing Pigs’ Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Diet Economics","authors":"Ron Aldwin S. Navales, Mike D. Tokach, Dwayne A. Krogstad, Joel M. DeRouchey, Jordan T. Gebhardt, Robert D. Goodband, Jason C. Woodworth","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8528","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 2,160 mixed-gender pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; initially 54.8 ± 9.4 lb) were used in the 120-d study to compare feeding strategies (phase feeding vs. complete diet blending) at different SID Lys levels (90 vs. 100% of requirement estimates) on finishing pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, and economics. Pens of pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments following a completely randomized block design with barn and initial body weight as blocking factors. The treatments included two feeding programs, a 5-phase feeding strategy at either 90% (Phase-90) or 100% of SID Lys requirement estimates (Phase-100); or two programs with complete diet blending, with pre-defined mixing proportions of a low and high SID Lys diet to meet 90 (Blend-90) or 100% (Blend-100) of the SID Lys curve requirement estimates for 50- to 280-lb pigs. Pigs in the phase-feeding strategies were fed on a feed budget with 47, 144, 147, 138, and 136 lb of feed per pig for phases 1 to 5, respectively. Body weights at any period of the trial and overall ADG (d 0 to 120) were not affected by the feeding strategy nor by diet SID Lys levels. In contrast, the overall ADFI of pigs fed by diet blending was lower than the ADFI of those fed by phase feeding (P = 0.002), resulting in improved F/G (P < 0.001). The SID Lys levels did not influence overall ADFI or F/G. Hot carcass weight, carcass yield, lean percentage, fat depth, and loin depth were not affected by the feeding program. Despite the lower overall ADFI of pigs fed by diet blending, the feeding strategy resulted in no significant differences in economic criteria except for feed cost per lb of gain at the high price scenario (P = 0.049). With low diet cost, the 90% SID Lys level resulted in lower feed cost per pig and feed cost per lb of gain than 100% SID Lys, but this was not reflected in income over feed cost (IOFC). In conclusion, diet blending at either 90 or 100% of the SID Lys requirement estimate improved F/G by reducing ADFI without impacting ADG or carcass characteristics. At current prices used in this study, feeding strategies at either 90 or 100% SID Lys did not significantly affect IOFC, but feeding 90% of the SID Lys recommendation reduced the feed cost.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135705188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hene, H. Ness, E. Verrill, P. Hammond, C. Chun, T. O’Quinn, M. Chao
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of muscle fiber type, diameter, and cross-sectional area (CSA) on the eating quality of 11 different beef muscles. Ten U.S. Department of Agriculture choice shoulder clod (SC), flank (F), knuckle (K), mock tender (MT), top sirloin butt (TS), brisket (B), eye of round (ER), and ribeye (R) were collected in study 1 (n = 80). In study 2, strip loin (SL), tri-tip (TT), and heel (H) were collected from ten USDA low choice beef carcasses (n = 30). Muscle fiber types, CSA, and diameters were determined. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between muscle fiber type, CSA, diameter, and the eating quality of beef from previously reported studies. Correlation analysis from both studies demonstrated positive correlations between type 1 fibers and many attributes of eating quality such as juiciness and lipid flavor intensity ( P < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between type 2A fibers and those attributes ( P < 0.05) and between type 2X fibers and tenderness measurements ( P < 0.05). Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between muscle fiber CSA and diameter with connective tissue amount ( P < 0.05), and a positive correlation was found between muscle fiber CSA and diameter with tenderness measurements ( P < 0.05) in those same studies.
{"title":"Evaluation of Bovine Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms and Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area on the Eating Quality of 11 Different Beef Muscles","authors":"S. Hene, H. Ness, E. Verrill, P. Hammond, C. Chun, T. O’Quinn, M. Chao","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8430","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the impact of muscle fiber type, diameter, and cross-sectional area (CSA) on the eating quality of 11 different beef muscles. Ten U.S. Department of Agriculture choice shoulder clod (SC), flank (F), knuckle (K), mock tender (MT), top sirloin butt (TS), brisket (B), eye of round (ER), and ribeye (R) were collected in study 1 (n = 80). In study 2, strip loin (SL), tri-tip (TT), and heel (H) were collected from ten USDA low choice beef carcasses (n = 30). Muscle fiber types, CSA, and diameters were determined. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between muscle fiber type, CSA, diameter, and the eating quality of beef from previously reported studies. Correlation analysis from both studies demonstrated positive correlations between type 1 fibers and many attributes of eating quality such as juiciness and lipid flavor intensity ( P < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between type 2A fibers and those attributes ( P < 0.05) and between type 2X fibers and tenderness measurements ( P < 0.05). Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between muscle fiber CSA and diameter with connective tissue amount ( P < 0.05), and a positive correlation was found between muscle fiber CSA and diameter with tenderness measurements ( P < 0.05) in those same studies.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87334213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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