Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-25-41
S. Yashnik
Diesel vehicles are responsible for the emission of not only soot and NОx to the environment, but also various organic and inorganic toxic compounds. The review provides a detailed discussion of the place of oxidation catalyst in the modern system for purification of exhaust gases from diesel engines, the ways to improve and optimize the oxidation catalysts intended for the neutralization of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons according to the accepted standards, and the methods for decreasing the content of Pt group metals in the indicated catalytic systems.
{"title":"Catalytic systems for neutralization of exhaust gases from diesel engines: modern challenges and technological solutions to improve a diesel oxidation catalyst","authors":"S. Yashnik","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-25-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-25-41","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel vehicles are responsible for the emission of not only soot and NОx to the environment, but also various organic and inorganic toxic compounds. The review provides a detailed discussion of the place of oxidation catalyst in the modern system for purification of exhaust gases from diesel engines, the ways to improve and optimize the oxidation catalysts intended for the neutralization of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons according to the accepted standards, and the methods for decreasing the content of Pt group metals in the indicated catalytic systems.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77196839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-65-75
I. R. Nabiullin, A. Boretskaya, M. V. Berezkina, R. Gilmullin, S. Egorova
The paper presents the results of studying the iron-potassium catalysts for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene (EB) to styrene, both fresh and spent, under industrial conditions: Cat-1 (imported), Cat-2 and Cat-3 (domestic). The initial samples are the multiphase systems consisting of potassium ferrites, hematite and cerianite (CeO2). After two years of operation, the phase composition of the catalysts was represented mostly by magnetite and cerianite, and potassium (K+) content in Cat-1, Cat-2 and Cat-3 samples decreased by 40, 20 and 26 %, respectively. Therewith, the Cat-2 sample retained a uniform K+ distribution in the spent catalyst grain. According to XRD data, the coherent scattering region (CSR) of CeO2 crystals in this sample did not change significantly. In the Cat-3 sample, the CSR size of CeO2 crystals decreased from 302 to 110 Å, while in Cat-1 it increased from 284 to 419 Å. After a two-year operation, the highest EB conversion equal to 72.1 % was observed on the Cat-2 sample, whereas on Cat-3 it decreased from 72.3 to 57.4 %. A 6÷11-fold decrease in the crushing strength was found for the spent samples, which made them unsuitable for further application.
{"title":"Changes in the physicochemical and catalytic properties of iron-potassium catalysts during their operation in a reactor for ethylbenzene to styrene dehydrogenation at PJSC «Nizhnekamskneftekhim»","authors":"I. R. Nabiullin, A. Boretskaya, M. V. Berezkina, R. Gilmullin, S. Egorova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-65-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-65-75","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studying the iron-potassium catalysts for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene (EB) to styrene, both fresh and spent, under industrial conditions: Cat-1 (imported), Cat-2 and Cat-3 (domestic). The initial samples are the multiphase systems consisting of potassium ferrites, hematite and cerianite (CeO2). After two years of operation, the phase composition of the catalysts was represented mostly by magnetite and cerianite, and potassium (K+) content in Cat-1, Cat-2 and Cat-3 samples decreased by 40, 20 and 26 %, respectively. Therewith, the Cat-2 sample retained a uniform K+ distribution in the spent catalyst grain. According to XRD data, the coherent scattering region (CSR) of CeO2 crystals in this sample did not change significantly. In the Cat-3 sample, the CSR size of CeO2 crystals decreased from 302 to 110 Å, while in Cat-1 it increased from 284 to 419 Å. After a two-year operation, the highest EB conversion equal to 72.1 % was observed on the Cat-2 sample, whereas on Cat-3 it decreased from 72.3 to 57.4 %. A 6÷11-fold decrease in the crushing strength was found for the spent samples, which made them unsuitable for further application.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78173985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-18-24
N. V. Makolkin, E. A. Paukshtis, V. Kaichev, A. P. Suknev, B. Bal’zhinimaev, H. Kim, J. Jae
The reactivity of different forms of adsorbed acetic acid on the Pt-ReOx/TiO2 catalyst was studied. To this end, in situ FTIR spectroscopy at T = 200 °С was used to identify three forms of adsorbed acetic acid: bidentate acetates and two forms of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid (1645–1653 and 1700–1720 cm–1). Rate constants for the consumption of two forms of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid, which are equal to 0.029 and 0.02 s–1, respectively, were found to be close to the rate constant of the catalytic reaction equal to 0.034 s–1, which was measured at T = 200 °С. It was concluded that two forms of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid serve as the key intermediates in the hydrogenation of acetic acid over Pt-ReOx/TiO2 catalyst.
{"title":"Key intermediates in the hydrogenation of carboxylic acids over Pt-ReOx/TiO2 catalyst","authors":"N. V. Makolkin, E. A. Paukshtis, V. Kaichev, A. P. Suknev, B. Bal’zhinimaev, H. Kim, J. Jae","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-18-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-18-24","url":null,"abstract":"The reactivity of different forms of adsorbed acetic acid on the Pt-ReOx/TiO2 catalyst was studied. To this end, in situ FTIR spectroscopy at T = 200 °С was used to identify three forms of adsorbed acetic acid: bidentate acetates and two forms of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid (1645–1653 and 1700–1720 cm–1). Rate constants for the consumption of two forms of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid, which are equal to 0.029 and 0.02 s–1, respectively, were found to be close to the rate constant of the catalytic reaction equal to 0.034 s–1, which was measured at T = 200 °С. It was concluded that two forms of molecularly adsorbed acetic acid serve as the key intermediates in the hydrogenation of acetic acid over Pt-ReOx/TiO2 catalyst.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85805080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-76-86
A. Lamberov, S. Egorova
The paper systematizes the experience of the interaction with petrochemical and oil refining industrial organizations for implementation of research results. An important role of cooperation and interdisciplinary studies is noted, the specificity of the interaction with consumers and producers of catalysts is considered. The most essential steps in the development and introduction of catalysts are distinguished.
{"title":"Industrial implementation of developments. The experience of cooperation with PJSC «Nizhnekamskneftekhim»","authors":"A. Lamberov, S. Egorova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-76-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-2-76-86","url":null,"abstract":"The paper systematizes the experience of the interaction with petrochemical and oil refining industrial organizations for implementation of research results. An important role of cooperation and interdisciplinary studies is noted, the specificity of the interaction with consumers and producers of catalysts is considered. The most essential steps in the development and introduction of catalysts are distinguished.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80653850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-57-66
O. Kovalenko, I. Simentsova, V. N. Panchenko, M. Timofeeva
The effect of acid activation using 0.125–0.5 mol/l Н2SO4, HCl and HNO3 on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of natural clay (95 % montmorillonite, Mukhartalinsk deposit) was investigated. The rate and selectivity of the solketal (2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) synthesis from glycerol and acetone were shown to depend on the concentration and type of the acid. The reaction rate and the yield of solketal increase with increasing concentration of the acid, which is consistent with the growth in the amount of Broensted sites. As the surface acidity increases, the efficiency of the system increases in the series MM/HCl > MM/HNO3 > MM/H2SO4.
{"title":"Acid activation as a method to control the catalytic properties of montmorillonite in the synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone","authors":"O. Kovalenko, I. Simentsova, V. N. Panchenko, M. Timofeeva","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-57-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-57-66","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of acid activation using 0.125–0.5 mol/l Н2SO4, HCl and HNO3 on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of natural clay (95 % montmorillonite, Mukhartalinsk deposit) was investigated. The rate and selectivity of the solketal (2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane) synthesis from glycerol and acetone were shown to depend on the concentration and type of the acid. The reaction rate and the yield of solketal increase with increasing concentration of the acid, which is consistent with the growth in the amount of Broensted sites. As the surface acidity increases, the efficiency of the system increases in the series MM/HCl > MM/HNO3 > MM/H2SO4.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73709204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-40-56
M. Smolikov, D. Kiryanov, V. Shkurenok, L. I. Bikmetova, E. A. Belopukhov, S. S. Yablokova, K. V. Kazantsev, A. Belyi, A. V. Lavrenov, D. O. Kondrashev, A. V. Kleymenov
The paper reports data on the development and investigation of the advanced catalysts for reforming and isomerization of gasoline fractions, which were performed at the Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC SB RAS, particularly the commercial operation of the reforming catalyst PR-81. A new catalyst with an increased acidity, which provides a decrease in the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in reformate by 3–5 wt.%, was developed for the reforming of gasoline fractions. A new sulfated zirconia catalyst supported on the porous alumina matrix was devised for isomerization of the fraction of C5–C6 hydrocarbons. An efficient tungstated zirconia catalyst was suggested for isomerization of the fraction of C7 hydrocarbons. The indicated catalysts are employed in the proposed scheme of integrated reforming and isomerization processes, which ensures the production of motor gasolines Euro-5 and 6, as well as the promising gasolines with a decreased content of aromatic hydrocarbons.
{"title":"The integrated reforming and isomerization of gasoline fractions for the production of eco-friendly motor gasolines","authors":"M. Smolikov, D. Kiryanov, V. Shkurenok, L. I. Bikmetova, E. A. Belopukhov, S. S. Yablokova, K. V. Kazantsev, A. Belyi, A. V. Lavrenov, D. O. Kondrashev, A. V. Kleymenov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-40-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-40-56","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports data on the development and investigation of the advanced catalysts for reforming and isomerization of gasoline fractions, which were performed at the Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC SB RAS, particularly the commercial operation of the reforming catalyst PR-81. A new catalyst with an increased acidity, which provides a decrease in the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in reformate by 3–5 wt.%, was developed for the reforming of gasoline fractions. A new sulfated zirconia catalyst supported on the porous alumina matrix was devised for isomerization of the fraction of C5–C6 hydrocarbons. An efficient tungstated zirconia catalyst was suggested for isomerization of the fraction of C7 hydrocarbons. The indicated catalysts are employed in the proposed scheme of integrated reforming and isomerization processes, which ensures the production of motor gasolines Euro-5 and 6, as well as the promising gasolines with a decreased content of aromatic hydrocarbons.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83037790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-21DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-20-39
D. A. Shlyapin, T. Afonasenko, D. V. Glyzdova, N. N. Leontieva, A. V. Lavrenov
The review considers methods for the production of acetylene, both the industrially implemented methods having a long history and the new ones that are at the step of laboratory studies and bench testing. The authors discuss the possibility of moving from the processes of acetylene production accompanied by the emission of considerable amounts of greenhouse gases (the carbide method, oxidative pyrolysis of natural gas) to the low-carbon or carbon-free plasmochemical processes of natural gas and coal processing with the use of energy generated by renewable sources (wind energy and solar energy).
{"title":"Processes for the production of acetylene in the XXth century. Main trends of their development within the paradigm of low-carbon economy of the future","authors":"D. A. Shlyapin, T. Afonasenko, D. V. Glyzdova, N. N. Leontieva, A. V. Lavrenov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-20-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-20-39","url":null,"abstract":"The review considers methods for the production of acetylene, both the industrially implemented methods having a long history and the new ones that are at the step of laboratory studies and bench testing. The authors discuss the possibility of moving from the processes of acetylene production accompanied by the emission of considerable amounts of greenhouse gases (the carbide method, oxidative pyrolysis of natural gas) to the low-carbon or carbon-free plasmochemical processes of natural gas and coal processing with the use of energy generated by renewable sources (wind energy and solar energy).","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74934136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-21DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-5-19
A. Bykov, L. Nikoshvili, G. Demidenko, M. Sulman, L. Kiwi-Minsker
Commercial hyper-cross-linked polystyrene (HCLPS) was shown to be a promising support for the development of heterogeneous catalysts intended for fine organic synthesis. This paper summarizes the results of multiyear studies on the creation of heterogeneous Pd-, Ptand Ru-containing catalysts based on MN100 and MN270 HCLPS. Data obtained by characterization of HCLPS and the related catalysts using various physical and physicochemical methods are reported. It was shown that commercial HCLPS can be used in the catalyst synthesis as spherical grains or as a powder. The form of HCLPS, along with the features of the metal catalyst precursor, essentially affect the distribution of Pd, Pt and Ru compounds and the sizes of metal-containing nanoparticles formed in the polymer environment. In addition, this is the first study that considers in detail the effect of catalyst treatment in flowing hydrogen at 300 °C on the surface chemical composition of the MN100 powder samples impregnated with Pd, Pt and Ru compounds.
{"title":"Features of the noble metals impregnation into the polymeric matrix of hyper-cross-linked polystyrene","authors":"A. Bykov, L. Nikoshvili, G. Demidenko, M. Sulman, L. Kiwi-Minsker","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-5-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2022-1-5-19","url":null,"abstract":"Commercial hyper-cross-linked polystyrene (HCLPS) was shown to be a promising support for the development of heterogeneous catalysts intended for fine organic synthesis. This paper summarizes the results of multiyear studies on the creation of heterogeneous Pd-, Ptand Ru-containing catalysts based on MN100 and MN270 HCLPS. Data obtained by characterization of HCLPS and the related catalysts using various physical and physicochemical methods are reported. It was shown that commercial HCLPS can be used in the catalyst synthesis as spherical grains or as a powder. The form of HCLPS, along with the features of the metal catalyst precursor, essentially affect the distribution of Pd, Pt and Ru compounds and the sizes of metal-containing nanoparticles formed in the polymer environment. In addition, this is the first study that considers in detail the effect of catalyst treatment in flowing hydrogen at 300 °C on the surface chemical composition of the MN100 powder samples impregnated with Pd, Pt and Ru compounds.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85163948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2021-6-425-443
A. Miroshnikova, A. Kazachenko, B. Kuznetsov, O. Taran
The review discusses the results of recent studies in the promising field of integrated processing of lignocellulosic biomass – the reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF). The effect of catalysts, cocatalysts, solvents, hydrogen sources and features of lignocellulosic feedstock on the selectivity of monomeric products formation from lignin is considered. RCF processes are performed mostly with the heterogeneous catalysts, which allow implementing the reductive depolymerization of lignin to obtain low-molecular compounds and preserve carbohydrate components of biomass. Among the studied catalysts based on platinum group metals and transition metals, the highest activity is observed for the catalysts containing Pd, Pt, Ru and Ni. Features of the metal also affect the composition of the resulting products. Thus, ruthenium catalysts make it possible to obtain 4-propylguaiacol as the main product, while Ni and Pd – 4-propanolguaiacol. Mo-containing catalysts, owing to their lower hydrogenating activity, can be used to obtain monolignols or their etherified derivatives with the preservation of carbohydrate components of lignocellulosic biomass. However, most efficient in RCF processes are the bifunctional catalysts, which have both the acidic and metallic active sites. Acidic sites promote the cleavage of the ether β-O-4 bonds, whereas metallic sites – the reduction of the formed intermediate compounds. An important aspect of choosing the appropriate catalysts for RCF process is the possibility of their repeated application. The use of a ferromagnetic catalyst or a catalyst basket allows separating the catalyst from the products.
{"title":"Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Biomass: A New Promising Method of its Integrated Processing","authors":"A. Miroshnikova, A. Kazachenko, B. Kuznetsov, O. Taran","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2021-6-425-443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2021-6-425-443","url":null,"abstract":"The review discusses the results of recent studies in the promising field of integrated processing of lignocellulosic biomass – the reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF). The effect of catalysts, cocatalysts, solvents, hydrogen sources and features of lignocellulosic feedstock on the selectivity of monomeric products formation from lignin is considered. RCF processes are performed mostly with the heterogeneous catalysts, which allow implementing the reductive depolymerization of lignin to obtain low-molecular compounds and preserve carbohydrate components of biomass. Among the studied catalysts based on platinum group metals and transition metals, the highest activity is observed for the catalysts containing Pd, Pt, Ru and Ni. Features of the metal also affect the composition of the resulting products. Thus, ruthenium catalysts make it possible to obtain 4-propylguaiacol as the main product, while Ni and Pd – 4-propanolguaiacol. Mo-containing catalysts, owing to their lower hydrogenating activity, can be used to obtain monolignols or their etherified derivatives with the preservation of carbohydrate components of lignocellulosic biomass. However, most efficient in RCF processes are the bifunctional catalysts, which have both the acidic and metallic active sites. Acidic sites promote the cleavage of the ether β-O-4 bonds, whereas metallic sites – the reduction of the formed intermediate compounds. An important aspect of choosing the appropriate catalysts for RCF process is the possibility of their repeated application. The use of a ferromagnetic catalyst or a catalyst basket allows separating the catalyst from the products.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73970297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.18412/1816-0387-2021-6-398-405
A. V. Shvydko, S. A. Prikhod’ko, M. Timofeeva
The synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of strongly basic styrene-divinylbenzene anionites Dowex 1×2, Dowex 1×4 and Dowex 1×8 in the –OH form with different cross-linking degree of polystyrene matrix (the divinylbenzene content of 2, 4 and 8 wt.%) at 90–105 °C and a dimethyl carbonate/glycerol molar ratio equal to 2 was studied. The yield of glycerol carbonate was shown to decrease with an increase in the cross-linking degree of the anion-exchange resin. The maximum conversion of glycerol (95 %) and selectivity to glycerol carbonate (45.5 %) were observed in the presence of Dowex 1×2 at 105 °C after 5 h of the reaction. Advantages of the studied systems were demonstrated in comparison with the anion-exchange and cationexchange resins proposed in the literature.
{"title":"The Synthesis of Glycerol Carbonate from Glycerol and Dimethyl Carbonate in the Presence of Strongly Basic Anion-Exchange Styrene-Divinylbenzene Anionites Dowex","authors":"A. V. Shvydko, S. A. Prikhod’ko, M. Timofeeva","doi":"10.18412/1816-0387-2021-6-398-405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2021-6-398-405","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of strongly basic styrene-divinylbenzene anionites Dowex 1×2, Dowex 1×4 and Dowex 1×8 in the –OH form with different cross-linking degree of polystyrene matrix (the divinylbenzene content of 2, 4 and 8 wt.%) at 90–105 °C and a dimethyl carbonate/glycerol molar ratio equal to 2 was studied. The yield of glycerol carbonate was shown to decrease with an increase in the cross-linking degree of the anion-exchange resin. The maximum conversion of glycerol (95 %) and selectivity to glycerol carbonate (45.5 %) were observed in the presence of Dowex 1×2 at 105 °C after 5 h of the reaction. Advantages of the studied systems were demonstrated in comparison with the anion-exchange and cationexchange resins proposed in the literature.","PeriodicalId":17783,"journal":{"name":"Kataliz v promyshlennosti","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73570114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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