The abundance of phosphate is a concern because it causes problems in aquatic ecosystems. The diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique is a promising method for phosphate absorption because it can be used in situ. The DGT device consists of a membrane filter, a diffusive gel, and a binding gel. The presence of a binding agent in the binding gel makes the specific analyte bound to the binding gel. One of the binding agents that can be used for phosphate absorption is La2O3. Binding gel La2O3 was successfully synthesized that proven by the similarity of FTIR peaks of the diffusive gel and binding gel. The typical absorption of La-O also proves it from the binding gel at 642 cm-1 and 423 cm-1. La2O3 binding gel was made of N,-N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linker with an elution factor of 97.4%. DGT-La2O3 proved capable of adsorption for 72 hours, with phosphate absorbed at 1.91 x 105 ng. DGT-La2O3 also has the optimum ability to absorb phosphate at pH 3 of 1.93 x 105 ng.
{"title":"Development Study of Binding Agent in Diffusive Gradient In Thin Films (DGT) Technique for Absorption of Phosphate Compounds using Nano-La2O3","authors":"Hanna Shafira, R. Yunarti, A. Saefumillah","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.26952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.26952","url":null,"abstract":"The abundance of phosphate is a concern because it causes problems in aquatic ecosystems. The diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique is a promising method for phosphate absorption because it can be used in situ. The DGT device consists of a membrane filter, a diffusive gel, and a binding gel. The presence of a binding agent in the binding gel makes the specific analyte bound to the binding gel. One of the binding agents that can be used for phosphate absorption is La2O3. Binding gel La2O3 was successfully synthesized that proven by the similarity of FTIR peaks of the diffusive gel and binding gel. The typical absorption of La-O also proves it from the binding gel at 642 cm-1 and 423 cm-1. La2O3 binding gel was made of N,-N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linker with an elution factor of 97.4%. DGT-La2O3 proved capable of adsorption for 72 hours, with phosphate absorbed at 1.91 x 105 ng. DGT-La2O3 also has the optimum ability to absorb phosphate at pH 3 of 1.93 x 105 ng.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49164255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Nurlelasari, D. H. P. Huspa, R. Maharani, Darwati Darwati, T. Mayanti, K. Farabi, M. Hanafi, U. Supratman
The Chisocheton genus belongs to the Meliaceae family which produces various structures and activities of compounds, such as antimalarial, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic. This plant has 53 species that are spread in tropical and sub-tropical forests, including Indonesia. Chisocheton plants have been known as plants that produce limonoids, namely triterpenoid compounds that have been modified to lose four terminal carbons (tetranortriterpenoids). One of the species whose phytochemical reports are still few and interesting for research on limonoid content is Chisocheton macrophyllus. Chisocheton macrophyllus is a tall plant that grows in the rainforest in the northern part of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, has the regional name ma aa, gula, pasak lingga, gending, ta suea, bekak, or pithraj tree. This paper will describe a limonoid compound, namely nimonol which has been isolated from Chisocheton macrophyllus. Nimonol is known to have the molecular formula C28H36O5 from a group of havanensin. The structure was determined by spectroscopic methods UV, IR, 1D-NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DEPT), 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), and mass spectroscopy.
{"title":"Nimonol from Chisocheton macrophyllus (Meliaceae) Seeds and Their Cytotoxic Activity against P-388 Leukaemia Cells","authors":"N. Nurlelasari, D. H. P. Huspa, R. Maharani, Darwati Darwati, T. Mayanti, K. Farabi, M. Hanafi, U. Supratman","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27782","url":null,"abstract":"The Chisocheton genus belongs to the Meliaceae family which produces various structures and activities of compounds, such as antimalarial, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic. This plant has 53 species that are spread in tropical and sub-tropical forests, including Indonesia. Chisocheton plants have been known as plants that produce limonoids, namely triterpenoid compounds that have been modified to lose four terminal carbons (tetranortriterpenoids). One of the species whose phytochemical reports are still few and interesting for research on limonoid content is Chisocheton macrophyllus. Chisocheton macrophyllus is a tall plant that grows in the rainforest in the northern part of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, has the regional name ma aa, gula, pasak lingga, gending, ta suea, bekak, or pithraj tree. This paper will describe a limonoid compound, namely nimonol which has been isolated from Chisocheton macrophyllus. Nimonol is known to have the molecular formula C28H36O5 from a group of havanensin. The structure was determined by spectroscopic methods UV, IR, 1D-NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DEPT), 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), and mass spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44796018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growth of the textile industry, including the Sasirangan textile industry, is increasing yearly, producing large amounts of liquid waste. Generally, this wastewater is discharged into the environment without treatment, becoming a source of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce these pollutants. Various methods, not only physical and chemical but also biological methods, are available to remediate wastewater. Phytoremediation has provided an economical, environmentally friendly, and aesthetic solution to remediate wastewater. This study aimed to utilize the Water Hyacinth plant as a phytoremediator and determine its effect in reducing Total Suspended Solid and colors in the liquid waste of the Sasirangan textile industry. This research begins by preparing Water Hyacinth plants. Next, the characterization of Water Hyacinth roots using FTIR and SEM. Finaly, the acclimatization of water Hyacinth, followed by a phytoremediation process for 15 days. Based on the results of the characterization of Water Hyacinth roots with FTIR, it shows that Water Hyacinth roots contain functional groups O-H strain, C-H vibrations, C=O strain, C-H deformation, and C-O stretching. Observations with SEM showed that the roots of Water Hyacinth were extremely unstructured and had pores. However, it has cavities which are pores in cellulose. The significant decrease in Total Suspended Solid was at 9 days of phytoremediation, which was 54 mg/L (71.12% removal). The optimum color reduction within 9 days of phytoremediation was 81.5 PtCo (92.26% removal). The presence of these functional groups and pores, strengthened by the analysis of Total Suspended Solid and colors, showed that Water Hyacinth could reduce levels of Total Suspended Solids and colors in the Sasirangan textile wastewater.
{"title":"Phytoremediation Processes of Sasirangan Textile Industrial Wastewater Treatment using Water Hyacinth","authors":"Megayulia Nooryaneti, C. Irawan, A. Tuhuloula","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.26283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.26283","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of the textile industry, including the Sasirangan textile industry, is increasing yearly, producing large amounts of liquid waste. Generally, this wastewater is discharged into the environment without treatment, becoming a source of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce these pollutants. Various methods, not only physical and chemical but also biological methods, are available to remediate wastewater. Phytoremediation has provided an economical, environmentally friendly, and aesthetic solution to remediate wastewater. This study aimed to utilize the Water Hyacinth plant as a phytoremediator and determine its effect in reducing Total Suspended Solid and colors in the liquid waste of the Sasirangan textile industry. This research begins by preparing Water Hyacinth plants. Next, the characterization of Water Hyacinth roots using FTIR and SEM. Finaly, the acclimatization of water Hyacinth, followed by a phytoremediation process for 15 days. Based on the results of the characterization of Water Hyacinth roots with FTIR, it shows that Water Hyacinth roots contain functional groups O-H strain, C-H vibrations, C=O strain, C-H deformation, and C-O stretching. Observations with SEM showed that the roots of Water Hyacinth were extremely unstructured and had pores. However, it has cavities which are pores in cellulose. The significant decrease in Total Suspended Solid was at 9 days of phytoremediation, which was 54 mg/L (71.12% removal). The optimum color reduction within 9 days of phytoremediation was 81.5 PtCo (92.26% removal). The presence of these functional groups and pores, strengthened by the analysis of Total Suspended Solid and colors, showed that Water Hyacinth could reduce levels of Total Suspended Solids and colors in the Sasirangan textile wastewater.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42815333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Aziz, L. Adhani, Muhammad I Maulana, Mohammad Ali Marwono, A. A. Dwiatmoko, S. Nurbayti
Nyamplung oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L) can be converted into green diesel by the catalytic deoxygenation method. Bimetallic catalyst NiAg supported by hierarchical natural zeolite (NiAg/ZH) can be used in this method. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the NiAg/ZH catalyst and the optimal conditions for the catalytic deoxygenation of nyamplung oil into green diesel. The NiAg/ZH catalyst was synthesized by wet impregnation with a total metal concentration of 10% and a mass ratio of Ni/Ag of 4. X-Ray Diffraction, Surface Area Analyzer and NH3-TPD characterized the catalyst. Catalytic deoxygenation of Nyamplung oil was carried out by varying the temperature (325, 350 and 375 °C) and reaction time (1, 2 and 3 hours) with a catalyst dosage of 5%. The composition of the product was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The catalyst XRD spectrum showed a peak at 2θ = 22.38° (clinoptilolite zeolite), 44.42° (Ni) and 38.21° (Ag). The surface area of the catalyst is 46.7024 m2/g, the pore volume is 0.0813 cc/g, the average pore diameter is 6.9632 nm, and the deposit is 1.6882 mmol/g. The optimum catalytic deoxygenation of nyamplung oil was obtained at 350 °C and 3 hours with a gasoline selectivity of 3.51%, kerosene 4.73%, and 62.02% green diesel.
{"title":"Conversion of Nyamplung Oil into Green Diesel through Catalytic Deoxygenation using NiAg/ZH Catalyst","authors":"I. Aziz, L. Adhani, Muhammad I Maulana, Mohammad Ali Marwono, A. A. Dwiatmoko, S. Nurbayti","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25943","url":null,"abstract":"Nyamplung oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L) can be converted into green diesel by the catalytic deoxygenation method. Bimetallic catalyst NiAg supported by hierarchical natural zeolite (NiAg/ZH) can be used in this method. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the NiAg/ZH catalyst and the optimal conditions for the catalytic deoxygenation of nyamplung oil into green diesel. The NiAg/ZH catalyst was synthesized by wet impregnation with a total metal concentration of 10% and a mass ratio of Ni/Ag of 4. X-Ray Diffraction, Surface Area Analyzer and NH3-TPD characterized the catalyst. Catalytic deoxygenation of Nyamplung oil was carried out by varying the temperature (325, 350 and 375 °C) and reaction time (1, 2 and 3 hours) with a catalyst dosage of 5%. The composition of the product was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The catalyst XRD spectrum showed a peak at 2θ = 22.38° (clinoptilolite zeolite), 44.42° (Ni) and 38.21° (Ag). The surface area of the catalyst is 46.7024 m2/g, the pore volume is 0.0813 cc/g, the average pore diameter is 6.9632 nm, and the deposit is 1.6882 mmol/g. The optimum catalytic deoxygenation of nyamplung oil was obtained at 350 °C and 3 hours with a gasoline selectivity of 3.51%, kerosene 4.73%, and 62.02% green diesel.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":"309 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41281372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La Ode Sumarlin, Nurul Amilia, A. Muawanah, Nadya Uswatun Hasanah, H. Hajar
Heating in honey processing can inhibit fermentation, crystallization, and the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria. However, the effect of the honey heating process on the properties of honey and its antibacterial activity has not been further studied. Therefore, in this study, the properties of honey of both Apis and Trigona species from Bogor, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatra, and Lombok, were tested. The properties of honey, including water content, acidity, reducing sugar, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and diastase enzyme activity, were tested at heating temperatures 50, 70, and 90 °C. The antibacterial activity was determined using the disc method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the average water content and acidity values decreased after heating. However, the values met the SNI quality requirements with a water content value of < 22% and the acidity value not exceeding 50 mL NaOH 0.1 N/kg in the Apis and Trigona types of honey. The reduced sugar content fluctuated after heating all samples, and the average HMF level of honey increased after heating. However, the activity of the diastase enzyme decreased, although the value was still within the SNI standard value. The selected honey samples of the Apis and Trigona types were active in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus but were not active against Escherichia coli.
蜂蜜加工过程中的加热可以抑制发酵、结晶和细菌等微生物的生长。然而，蜂蜜加热过程对蜂蜜性能和抗菌活性的影响尚未得到进一步研究。因此，本研究对来自茂物、加里曼丹、苏拉威西、苏门答腊和龙目岛的Apis和Trigona两种蜂蜜的特性进行了测试。在50、70和90℃的加热温度下，测试了蜂蜜的性质，包括含水量、酸度、还原糖、5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)和淀粉酶活性。采用圆盘法测定其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性。结果表明，加热后的平均含水量和酸度值均有所下降。但api和Trigona两种蜂蜜的含水量值< 22%，酸度值不超过50 mL NaOH 0.1 N/kg，符合SNI质量要求。所有样品的还原糖含量在加热后都有波动，蜂蜜的HMF平均水平在加热后升高。然而，淀粉酶活性下降，尽管该值仍在SNI标准值内。所选蜂蜜样品中Apis型和Trigona型对金黄色葡萄球菌的生长有抑制作用，对大肠杆菌的生长无抑制作用。
{"title":"Characteristics and Antibacterial Activity of Apis and Trigona Honey Types against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus Aureus on Various Heating","authors":"La Ode Sumarlin, Nurul Amilia, A. Muawanah, Nadya Uswatun Hasanah, H. Hajar","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27241","url":null,"abstract":"Heating in honey processing can inhibit fermentation, crystallization, and the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria. However, the effect of the honey heating process on the properties of honey and its antibacterial activity has not been further studied. Therefore, in this study, the properties of honey of both Apis and Trigona species from Bogor, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatra, and Lombok, were tested. The properties of honey, including water content, acidity, reducing sugar, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and diastase enzyme activity, were tested at heating temperatures 50, 70, and 90 °C. The antibacterial activity was determined using the disc method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the average water content and acidity values decreased after heating. However, the values met the SNI quality requirements with a water content value of < 22% and the acidity value not exceeding 50 mL NaOH 0.1 N/kg in the Apis and Trigona types of honey. The reduced sugar content fluctuated after heating all samples, and the average HMF level of honey increased after heating. However, the activity of the diastase enzyme decreased, although the value was still within the SNI standard value. The selected honey samples of the Apis and Trigona types were active in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus but were not active against Escherichia coli.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43824549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, the synthesis of 1,3,5,7-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (1) and two anthrone derivatives, 1,3,5,7-tetrahydroxy-10H-anthracene-9-one (2) and 1-hydroxy-3,5,7,9-tetramethoxyanthracene (3) has been done. Compound 1 was synthesized by a symmetrical condensation reaction of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in concentrated sulfuric acid. Reduction of the carbonyl group in compound 1 with SnCl2/HCl-HOAc affords compound 2. Compound 3 was prepared by modifying the hydroxy groups of compound 2 by a methylation reaction. The synthesized compounds were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The antibacterial activity test of the synthesized compounds against four pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi, was carried out using the microdilution method. Compound 3 showed moderate activity against B. subtilis, E. coli and S. typhi with a MIC value of 37.5 µg/mL. Moderate activity was also shown by compound 2 against S. aureus, while compound 1 showed weak activity with a MIC value of 75 µg/mL against the four test bacteria.
{"title":"Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of 1,3,5,7-Tetrahydroxy-9,10-Anthraquinone and Anthrone Derivatives","authors":"S. Nurbayti, D. Mujahidin, Y. M. Syah","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25279","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the synthesis of 1,3,5,7-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (1) and two anthrone derivatives, 1,3,5,7-tetrahydroxy-10H-anthracene-9-one (2) and 1-hydroxy-3,5,7,9-tetramethoxyanthracene (3) has been done. Compound 1 was synthesized by a symmetrical condensation reaction of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in concentrated sulfuric acid. Reduction of the carbonyl group in compound 1 with SnCl2/HCl-HOAc affords compound 2. Compound 3 was prepared by modifying the hydroxy groups of compound 2 by a methylation reaction. The synthesized compounds were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The antibacterial activity test of the synthesized compounds against four pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi, was carried out using the microdilution method. Compound 3 showed moderate activity against B. subtilis, E. coli and S. typhi with a MIC value of 37.5 µg/mL. Moderate activity was also shown by compound 2 against S. aureus, while compound 1 showed weak activity with a MIC value of 75 µg/mL against the four test bacteria.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer is one of the chronic diseases with a reasonably high increase at this time. One type of cancer with the highest mortality rate is colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is cancer that occurs in the colon and rectum. Based on GLOBOCAN data (2018), cases of colorectal cancer in Indonesia reached 8.6% or 30,017 people and were the second most common cause of death in men and the third in women. The development of cancer drugs to obtain drugs with better activity, lower toxicity, and working more selectively through structural modifications is still being carried out until now. This study aims to determine the pharmacokinetic properties and stable interactions between the thymidylate synthase and one of the 78 derivatives of 1-(3-nitrobenzoiloximethyl)-5-fluorouracyl (NB5FU) by in silico, namely molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. The result shows that the NB5FU78 derivative compounds have better pharmacokinetic properties than NB5FU. Lipinski's rules of five criteria that fill the requirements have a smaller free bond energy value than NB5FU. Based on the results of molecular dynamics simulations carried out for 5 ns, the NB5FU78 derivative has a stable interaction with the thymidylate synthase (TS) receptor with total bond energy of -36.36 kcal/mol.
{"title":"Computational Study of 1-(3-Nitrobenzoyloxymethyl)-5-Fluorouracyl Derivatives as Colorectal Cancer Agents","authors":"R. Mardianingrum, Delis Susilawati, R. Ruswanto","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25489","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is one of the chronic diseases with a reasonably high increase at this time. One type of cancer with the highest mortality rate is colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is cancer that occurs in the colon and rectum. Based on GLOBOCAN data (2018), cases of colorectal cancer in Indonesia reached 8.6% or 30,017 people and were the second most common cause of death in men and the third in women. The development of cancer drugs to obtain drugs with better activity, lower toxicity, and working more selectively through structural modifications is still being carried out until now. This study aims to determine the pharmacokinetic properties and stable interactions between the thymidylate synthase and one of the 78 derivatives of 1-(3-nitrobenzoiloximethyl)-5-fluorouracyl (NB5FU) by in silico, namely molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. The result shows that the NB5FU78 derivative compounds have better pharmacokinetic properties than NB5FU. Lipinski's rules of five criteria that fill the requirements have a smaller free bond energy value than NB5FU. Based on the results of molecular dynamics simulations carried out for 5 ns, the NB5FU78 derivative has a stable interaction with the thymidylate synthase (TS) receptor with total bond energy of -36.36 kcal/mol.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43229866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fuel oil has a deficit every year. Therefore, a substitute fuel is needed, which can be obtained more efficiently. One of the alternative fuels that have been widely researched is biofuel. Catalytic cracking is a method of producing biofuels such as biogasoline (C5-C9), bioavtur (C10-C15) and green diesel (C16-C22). This research aims to produce biofuels by catalytic cracking of palm oil using HCl/γ-Al2O3 and HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts (1, 3, 5 and 7%). The catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation and characterized by x-ray diffraction, Brunauer Emmett teller and ASTM-D664. The reaction cracking process was operated at a constant temperature of 370 °C, 50 ml volume, and 1 atm pressure. The best catalyst for cracking palm oil is HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 (5%) with a yield of 81%, selectivity to biogasoline at 6.41%, bioavtur at 33.81%, and green diesel at 20.33%.
{"title":"Effect of HCl/γ-Al2O3 and HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst on The Cracking of Palm Oil","authors":"Alda Titania Dewanti, Rismawati Rasyid, R. Kalla","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25774","url":null,"abstract":"Fuel oil has a deficit every year. Therefore, a substitute fuel is needed, which can be obtained more efficiently. One of the alternative fuels that have been widely researched is biofuel. Catalytic cracking is a method of producing biofuels such as biogasoline (C5-C9), bioavtur (C10-C15) and green diesel (C16-C22). This research aims to produce biofuels by catalytic cracking of palm oil using HCl/γ-Al2O3 and HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts (1, 3, 5 and 7%). The catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation and characterized by x-ray diffraction, Brunauer Emmett teller and ASTM-D664. The reaction cracking process was operated at a constant temperature of 370 °C, 50 ml volume, and 1 atm pressure. The best catalyst for cracking palm oil is HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 (5%) with a yield of 81%, selectivity to biogasoline at 6.41%, bioavtur at 33.81%, and green diesel at 20.33%.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44681471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. R. Sarjono, A. Anggraeni, Afiina Putri Monita, M. Asy'ari, I. Ismiyarto, N. Ngadiwiyana, N. Prasetya
Antibacterial is a compound that inhibits or kills bacteria, especially infectious pathogenic bacteria. Antioxidants are compounds to inhibit the activity of free radicals in the body. The leaf extract of the waru plant (Hibiscus tiliaceus) is reported to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. Bioactive compounds obtained from plants generally require a lot of plant availability and large areas for growth and take a long time. One solution to solve this problem is to isolateendophytic bacteria from plants. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live symbiotically in the host tissue so that they can produce the same bioactive compounds as the host. In the study, several stages were carried out, including isolation of endophytic bacteria from hibiscus leaves, gram-staining of bacteria, secondary metabolites production, antibacterial activity analysis by disk method,antioxidant activity analysis by DPPH free radical scavenger method, phytochemical screening, and identification of genotypic endophytic bacteria. Isolates of endophytic bacteria from Hibiscus tiliaceus leaves were obtained in cocci. They formed gram-positive bacteria with the closest relationship with Staphylococcus warneri strainAW 25 and Staphylococcus pasteuri strainATCC 51129. Endophytic bacteria from the Hibiscus tiliaceus leaves produce secondary metabolites containing alkaloids and saponins that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi and can be an antioxidant agent.
{"title":"Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Hibiscus tilaceus Leaves","authors":"P. R. Sarjono, A. Anggraeni, Afiina Putri Monita, M. Asy'ari, I. Ismiyarto, N. Ngadiwiyana, N. Prasetya","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.25686","url":null,"abstract":"Antibacterial is a compound that inhibits or kills bacteria, especially infectious pathogenic bacteria. Antioxidants are compounds to inhibit the activity of free radicals in the body. The leaf extract of the waru plant (Hibiscus tiliaceus) is reported to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. Bioactive compounds obtained from plants generally require a lot of plant availability and large areas for growth and take a long time. One solution to solve this problem is to isolateendophytic bacteria from plants. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live symbiotically in the host tissue so that they can produce the same bioactive compounds as the host. In the study, several stages were carried out, including isolation of endophytic bacteria from hibiscus leaves, gram-staining of bacteria, secondary metabolites production, antibacterial activity analysis by disk method,antioxidant activity analysis by DPPH free radical scavenger method, phytochemical screening, and identification of genotypic endophytic bacteria. Isolates of endophytic bacteria from Hibiscus tiliaceus leaves were obtained in cocci. They formed gram-positive bacteria with the closest relationship with Staphylococcus warneri strainAW 25 and Staphylococcus pasteuri strainATCC 51129. Endophytic bacteria from the Hibiscus tiliaceus leaves produce secondary metabolites containing alkaloids and saponins that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi and can be an antioxidant agent.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42473877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanifah Nur Aini, Barlah Rumhayati, Q. Fardiyah, A. Wiryawan, U. Andayani, Anis ‘Azzah
Polymer Inclusion Membranes (PIMs) have been fabricated for diffusive passive sample layers. A study of various concentrations of plasticizers and characterization of PIM performance on phosphate transport has been carried out. The composition of PIM consisted of cellulose triacetate (CTA) as the base polymer, Aliquot 336-Cl as a carrier, and 2-Nitro phenyl octyl ether (2-NPOE) as a plasticizer. The plasticizer concentration varied between 0 and 10% (w/w). The performance of PIM on phosphate transport was studied with a passive sampler filled with 15 mL 0.1 M NaCl as the internal phase. The passive samplers were deployed into the bulk phase of a phosphate solution of 0.6 mg/L for 0-48 hours. The phosphate concentration in the passive sampler was determined using the visible spectrophotometry method at 691 nm (in the bulk phase) and 710 nm (in the internal phase). PIMs were characterized for stress-strain, contact angle, surface morphology, and cross-section. The sampling rate of phosphate, phosphate time-weighted concentration (CTWA), and accuracy of phosphate measurement was also determined. The results showed that PIM A (0% w/w 2-NPOE) resulted in a sampling rate of 0.0005±0.0002 (L/hour), CTWA 0.09 mg/L, and an accuracy of 28.38%. PIMs B (10% w/w 2-NPOE) resulted in a sampling rate of 0.0003±0.0001 (L/hour), CTWA 0.18 mg/L, and an accuracy of 52.15%. PIMs A and B have a contact angle of 17.02⁰ and 18.71⁰, respectively. It means that these PIMs are hydrophilic membranes. In addition, PIMs B was more elastic than PIMs A, showed by the tensile strength of PIMs B was 31.05 MPa compared with PIMs A's tensile strength (29.01 MPa). PIMs A and B have no pores, as shown by surface morphology using SEM. However, based on the cross-section area, PIMs A showed a break section instead of PIMs B, which indicates that PIMs B is more elastic than PIMs A.
{"title":"The Performance and Characterization of Polymeric Inclusion Membranes (PIMs) Containing 2-Nitro Phenyl Octyl Ether as Plasticizer on Phosphate Transport","authors":"Hanifah Nur Aini, Barlah Rumhayati, Q. Fardiyah, A. Wiryawan, U. Andayani, Anis ‘Azzah","doi":"10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v8i2.27094","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer Inclusion Membranes (PIMs) have been fabricated for diffusive passive sample layers. A study of various concentrations of plasticizers and characterization of PIM performance on phosphate transport has been carried out. The composition of PIM consisted of cellulose triacetate (CTA) as the base polymer, Aliquot 336-Cl as a carrier, and 2-Nitro phenyl octyl ether (2-NPOE) as a plasticizer. The plasticizer concentration varied between 0 and 10% (w/w). The performance of PIM on phosphate transport was studied with a passive sampler filled with 15 mL 0.1 M NaCl as the internal phase. The passive samplers were deployed into the bulk phase of a phosphate solution of 0.6 mg/L for 0-48 hours. The phosphate concentration in the passive sampler was determined using the visible spectrophotometry method at 691 nm (in the bulk phase) and 710 nm (in the internal phase). PIMs were characterized for stress-strain, contact angle, surface morphology, and cross-section. The sampling rate of phosphate, phosphate time-weighted concentration (CTWA), and accuracy of phosphate measurement was also determined. The results showed that PIM A (0% w/w 2-NPOE) resulted in a sampling rate of 0.0005±0.0002 (L/hour), CTWA 0.09 mg/L, and an accuracy of 28.38%. PIMs B (10% w/w 2-NPOE) resulted in a sampling rate of 0.0003±0.0001 (L/hour), CTWA 0.18 mg/L, and an accuracy of 52.15%. PIMs A and B have a contact angle of 17.02⁰ and 18.71⁰, respectively. It means that these PIMs are hydrophilic membranes. In addition, PIMs B was more elastic than PIMs A, showed by the tensile strength of PIMs B was 31.05 MPa compared with PIMs A's tensile strength (29.01 MPa). PIMs A and B have no pores, as shown by surface morphology using SEM. However, based on the cross-section area, PIMs A showed a break section instead of PIMs B, which indicates that PIMs B is more elastic than PIMs A.","PeriodicalId":17786,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Valensi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49060041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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