Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.4.151-159
Jasmine Rahma Kesuma Nirvana, E. Budiyati, A. Mulyaningtyas
Gambas (Luffa acutangula) plants contain a relatively high carbohydrate of 68.2%, whereas its peel contains 38.94% of carbohydrates and 20.6% of fibers. Gambas peels are rarely utilized and are typically discarded as food waste. Silica can be used as a filler and reinforcement material to improve the physical and mechanical properties. This study discussed synthesizing and characterizing bioplastics from Gambas peel reinforced by silica using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a plasticizer with a mass of 8 g and 9 g and vinegar as a compatibilizer with volumes of 7 mL and 8 mL. The gelatinization temperature was adjusted at 85°C and 95°C. The synthesized bioplastics have improved mechanical characteristics due to the addition of PVA. The addition of vinegar as a compatibilizer revealed a homogenous mixture in surface morphological analysis. The highest performance of bioplastic samples was obtained from sample 7 with 8 mL vinegar, 9 g of PVA, and at 85°C of gelatinization temperature. The results showed that the maximum tensile strength reached 0.034 N/mm2, the elongation was 225%, the value of Young’s modulus was 0.015 N/mm2, the thermal stability reached 74.34% weight loss by heating up to 400°C, and the melting temperature reached at 220°C, the absorption of water was 37.61%, and the weight loss was 20.3% after ten days of soil burial.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Gambas (Luffa acutangula) Peel–Based Bioplastic Reinforced by Silica","authors":"Jasmine Rahma Kesuma Nirvana, E. Budiyati, A. Mulyaningtyas","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.4.151-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.4.151-159","url":null,"abstract":"Gambas (Luffa acutangula) plants contain a relatively high carbohydrate of 68.2%, whereas its peel contains 38.94% of carbohydrates and 20.6% of fibers. Gambas peels are rarely utilized and are typically discarded as food waste. Silica can be used as a filler and reinforcement material to improve the physical and mechanical properties. This study discussed synthesizing and characterizing bioplastics from Gambas peel reinforced by silica using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a plasticizer with a mass of 8 g and 9 g and vinegar as a compatibilizer with volumes of 7 mL and 8 mL. The gelatinization temperature was adjusted at 85°C and 95°C. The synthesized bioplastics have improved mechanical characteristics due to the addition of PVA. The addition of vinegar as a compatibilizer revealed a homogenous mixture in surface morphological analysis. The highest performance of bioplastic samples was obtained from sample 7 with 8 mL vinegar, 9 g of PVA, and at 85°C of gelatinization temperature. The results showed that the maximum tensile strength reached 0.034 N/mm2, the elongation was 225%, the value of Young’s modulus was 0.015 N/mm2, the thermal stability reached 74.34% weight loss by heating up to 400°C, and the melting temperature reached at 220°C, the absorption of water was 37.61%, and the weight loss was 20.3% after ten days of soil burial.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44320035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-11DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.4.133-142
A. Chairunnisak, D. Darmadi, A. Adisalamun, M. Yusuf, Syawaliah Mukhtar, Ulfa Rijal Safitri, Opie Azza Shafira
The pollution caused by mercury (Hg) is a matter of concern regarding worldwide ecosystems and public health. It is dangerous as it is highly poisonous and has more ways to get exposed than other heavy metal ions. Recently, the application of biomaterials with varying structures and designs for mercury adsorption has grown. In this research, clay monoliths (CM) and clay-manganese monoliths (CMM) were synthesized, investigated, and compared regarding their ability to adsorb mercury ions from water to determine the most effective adsorbents. CM and CMM were extruded through a stainless-steel molder with dimensions of 7 holes, 9 mm in radius, and 20 mm in height. The surface morphologies of both adsorbents were characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of contact time (40, 80, 120, 160, 200, and 240 minutes) and initial concentrations (3–5 mg/L) were applied to evaluate both adsorption processes. The experiment was conducted in a batch reactor using a monolithic adsorbent that operated for 240 minutes. The experimental equilibrium data of the adsorption were examined with Langmuir and Freundlich models to find the best-fit isotherm. In the kinetic study, the pseudo-first-order was investigated in both linear and nonlinear models. The adsorption results showed that CMM had the highest adsorption efficiency (42.7%). The equilibrium study concluded that the Langmuir was the most significant isotherm model. The highest monolayer capacity and Langmuir constants (KL and aL) were 0.396, 1.329, and 0.396, respectively. The adsorption of both adsorbents was well displayed in the pseudo-first-order non-linear model. Experiments and processed data compromise the finding that CMM is more effective than CM at adsorbing mercury ions.
{"title":"Study of Synthesis and Performance of Clay and Clay-Manganese Monoliths for Mercury Ion Removal from Water","authors":"A. Chairunnisak, D. Darmadi, A. Adisalamun, M. Yusuf, Syawaliah Mukhtar, Ulfa Rijal Safitri, Opie Azza Shafira","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.4.133-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.4.133-142","url":null,"abstract":"The pollution caused by mercury (Hg) is a matter of concern regarding worldwide ecosystems and public health. It is dangerous as it is highly poisonous and has more ways to get exposed than other heavy metal ions. Recently, the application of biomaterials with varying structures and designs for mercury adsorption has grown. In this research, clay monoliths (CM) and clay-manganese monoliths (CMM) were synthesized, investigated, and compared regarding their ability to adsorb mercury ions from water to determine the most effective adsorbents. CM and CMM were extruded through a stainless-steel molder with dimensions of 7 holes, 9 mm in radius, and 20 mm in height. The surface morphologies of both adsorbents were characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of contact time (40, 80, 120, 160, 200, and 240 minutes) and initial concentrations (3–5 mg/L) were applied to evaluate both adsorption processes. The experiment was conducted in a batch reactor using a monolithic adsorbent that operated for 240 minutes. The experimental equilibrium data of the adsorption were examined with Langmuir and Freundlich models to find the best-fit isotherm. In the kinetic study, the pseudo-first-order was investigated in both linear and nonlinear models. The adsorption results showed that CMM had the highest adsorption efficiency (42.7%). The equilibrium study concluded that the Langmuir was the most significant isotherm model. The highest monolayer capacity and Langmuir constants (KL and aL) were 0.396, 1.329, and 0.396, respectively. The adsorption of both adsorbents was well displayed in the pseudo-first-order non-linear model. Experiments and processed data compromise the finding that CMM is more effective than CM at adsorbing mercury ions.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44709312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.4.125-132
Maya Rahmayanti, Annisa Nurul Syakina, T. Sulistyaningsih, B. Hastuti
Magnetite synthesis using petai (Parkia speciosa) peel extract using the sonochemical method (Fe3O4-PPE) has been successfully carried out. Fe3O4-PPE is applied as a catalyst in biodiesel production. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of Fe3O4-PPE and its ability as a reusable catalyst in biodiesel production using waste frying oil as the primary raw material. Characterization of Fe3O4-PPE was carried out using FTIR, XRD, and PSA instruments. Biodiesel was produced in 3 reaction cycles with the same Fe3O4-PPE catalyst. The results of the FTIR characterization showed that the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst had Fe-O bonds from Fe3O4 and -OH phenolic groups, -C-O, -C=C aromatic compounds derived from petai peel extract. The crystal size of the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst based on the results of calculations using Debye-Scherrer from the XRD chromatogram is 9.41 nm. The particle size of the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst based on analysis using PSA was divided into three groups, namely, 5.4 nm, 195 nm, and 2702.6 nm. Fe3O4-PPE was successfully used as a reusable catalyst for three cycles of biodiesel production using waste frying oil as raw material. The characteristics of Fe3O4-PPE before and after being used as a catalyst did not change. Based on GC-MS analysis, the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition of biodiesel is palmitic acid and oleic acid.
{"title":"Synthesis of magnetite using petai (Parkia speciosa) peel extract with ultrasonic waves as reusable catalysts for biodiesel production from waste frying oil","authors":"Maya Rahmayanti, Annisa Nurul Syakina, T. Sulistyaningsih, B. Hastuti","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.4.125-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.4.125-132","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetite synthesis using petai (Parkia speciosa) peel extract using the sonochemical method (Fe3O4-PPE) has been successfully carried out. Fe3O4-PPE is applied as a catalyst in biodiesel production. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of Fe3O4-PPE and its ability as a reusable catalyst in biodiesel production using waste frying oil as the primary raw material. Characterization of Fe3O4-PPE was carried out using FTIR, XRD, and PSA instruments. Biodiesel was produced in 3 reaction cycles with the same Fe3O4-PPE catalyst. The results of the FTIR characterization showed that the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst had Fe-O bonds from Fe3O4 and -OH phenolic groups, -C-O, -C=C aromatic compounds derived from petai peel extract. The crystal size of the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst based on the results of calculations using Debye-Scherrer from the XRD chromatogram is 9.41 nm. The particle size of the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst based on analysis using PSA was divided into three groups, namely, 5.4 nm, 195 nm, and 2702.6 nm. Fe3O4-PPE was successfully used as a reusable catalyst for three cycles of biodiesel production using waste frying oil as raw material. The characteristics of Fe3O4-PPE before and after being used as a catalyst did not change. Based on GC-MS analysis, the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition of biodiesel is palmitic acid and oleic acid.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42783217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.4.118-124
H. Suyanto, M. Manurung, I. Indrayana, Fiar Tri Santika
This study examines the effect of the wavelength of light illuminated on DSSC on the absorption wavelength and gap dye energy. The dye used was sea lettuce anthocyanin from Sanur Beach, Bali. As much as 20 grams of dried sea lettuce powder was dissolved in 80 mL of 96% ethanol and 6% HCl. After 24 hours of immersion, it was filtered with Whatman 41 paper. The filtrate was characterized using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer so that the absorption wavelengths of the anthocyanin dye were 272.5 nm, 417 nm, and 653.5 nm. The gap energy was calculated using the Tauc Plot method, and the result was 2.826 eV. The dye was applied to make DSSC using the sandwich method, which was then irradiated with white, red, and purple LEDs with respective wavelengths of 400–700 nm (with peaks at 439.67 nm and 550.29 nm), 629.04 nm and 425.38 nm and variations in intensity values, namely 1000 lux, 2000 lux, and 3000 lux. Illumination using purple LEDs produces the maximum current and highest efficiency compared to white and red, namely 1.33 mA, 1.57 mA, and 1.83 mA for 1000 lux, 2000 lux, and 3000 lux, respectively, and the efficiency is 0.0039 for 1000 lux. The purple color has a wavelength close to and intersects with the absorbance wavelength of the dye and has energy (2.918 eV) greater than the gap energy of the sea lettuce dye.
{"title":"The Correlation between Dye absorption Wavelength and Illumination Wavelength on DSSC Performance","authors":"H. Suyanto, M. Manurung, I. Indrayana, Fiar Tri Santika","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.4.118-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.4.118-124","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of the wavelength of light illuminated on DSSC on the absorption wavelength and gap dye energy. The dye used was sea lettuce anthocyanin from Sanur Beach, Bali. As much as 20 grams of dried sea lettuce powder was dissolved in 80 mL of 96% ethanol and 6% HCl. After 24 hours of immersion, it was filtered with Whatman 41 paper. The filtrate was characterized using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer so that the absorption wavelengths of the anthocyanin dye were 272.5 nm, 417 nm, and 653.5 nm. The gap energy was calculated using the Tauc Plot method, and the result was 2.826 eV. The dye was applied to make DSSC using the sandwich method, which was then irradiated with white, red, and purple LEDs with respective wavelengths of 400–700 nm (with peaks at 439.67 nm and 550.29 nm), 629.04 nm and 425.38 nm and variations in intensity values, namely 1000 lux, 2000 lux, and 3000 lux. Illumination using purple LEDs produces the maximum current and highest efficiency compared to white and red, namely 1.33 mA, 1.57 mA, and 1.83 mA for 1000 lux, 2000 lux, and 3000 lux, respectively, and the efficiency is 0.0039 for 1000 lux. The purple color has a wavelength close to and intersects with the absorbance wavelength of the dye and has energy (2.918 eV) greater than the gap energy of the sea lettuce dye.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46068469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.3.109-117
P. Iswanto, Irvan Maulana Firdaus, Ahmad Fawwaz Dafaulhaq, Ahmad Ghifari Ramadhani, Maylani Permata Saputri, H. Ekowati
Cancer is a disease with fatal consequences; thus, searching for innovative compounds with anticancer properties remains an active pursuit. One of the highly promising candidates is a compound derived from 3-thiocyanato-1H-indoles. However, the number of derivative compounds is currently limited. A quantitative structure and activity relationship (QSAR) study was conducted on derivate compounds 3-thiocyanato-1H-indoles to establish equations that predict the anticancer activity of more effective derivatives. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the AM1 (Austin Model 1), PM3 (Parameterized Model 3), and RM1 (Recife Model 1) semiempirical methods, which are new techniques implemented in the Hyperchem version 8.0. Twenty experimental data were used, 16 derivatives of 3-thiocyanate-1H-indoles as regression compounds (fitting) and four derivates as test compounds. QSAR analysis was performed based on multiple linear regression calculations on 3-thiocyanate-1H-indoles derivative compounds by plotting IC50 (µM) as the dependent variable and descriptors as the independent variable. The best QSAR equation was obtained from the AM1 semiempirical calculation method with the following equation: IC50 = -1.705 + 0.511(Delta) + 0.346(Dipol) + 18.287(qC9) – 0.645(Log P) + 13.952(qC6), with n =20; r =0.814; r2 =0.662; The standard error (SE) =1.044; Fcount/Ftable =1.851; PRESS =15.219.
{"title":"Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of 3-Thiocyanate-1H-Indoles Derived Compounds as Antileukemia by AM1, PM3, and RM1 Methods","authors":"P. Iswanto, Irvan Maulana Firdaus, Ahmad Fawwaz Dafaulhaq, Ahmad Ghifari Ramadhani, Maylani Permata Saputri, H. Ekowati","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.3.109-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.3.109-117","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a disease with fatal consequences; thus, searching for innovative compounds with anticancer properties remains an active pursuit. One of the highly promising candidates is a compound derived from 3-thiocyanato-1H-indoles. However, the number of derivative compounds is currently limited. A quantitative structure and activity relationship (QSAR) study was conducted on derivate compounds 3-thiocyanato-1H-indoles to establish equations that predict the anticancer activity of more effective derivatives. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the AM1 (Austin Model 1), PM3 (Parameterized Model 3), and RM1 (Recife Model 1) semiempirical methods, which are new techniques implemented in the Hyperchem version 8.0. Twenty experimental data were used, 16 derivatives of 3-thiocyanate-1H-indoles as regression compounds (fitting) and four derivates as test compounds. QSAR analysis was performed based on multiple linear regression calculations on 3-thiocyanate-1H-indoles derivative compounds by plotting IC50 (µM) as the dependent variable and descriptors as the independent variable. The best QSAR equation was obtained from the AM1 semiempirical calculation method with the following equation: IC50 = -1.705 + 0.511(Delta) + 0.346(Dipol) + 18.287(qC9) – 0.645(Log P) + 13.952(qC6), with n =20; r =0.814; r2 =0.662; The standard error (SE) =1.044; Fcount/Ftable =1.851; PRESS =15.219.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42548282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.3.101-108
Boyfannie Ivan Putra, Hermin Sulistyarti, R. Retnowati, M. Rafi
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become popular due to their unique properties that can be used as biosensors, composite fibers, semiconductor materials, and other medical applications. Green synthesis of AgNPs using natural reagents from plant extract offers advantages as an efficient and environmentally friendly technique by which the compounds from the extract perform as bio-reductor for silver ions and the capping agent for stabilizing the AgNPs. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to conduct the synthesis of AgNPs by utilizing an extract of Capsicum chinensie Jacq as the bioreductor. The effect of extract concentrations, duration of exposure to sunlight, and temperatures on AgNPs formation was studied to obtain the optimum synthesis condition. The biosynthesized AgNPs characteristics were analyzed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, FTIR, SEM, X-Ray Diffraction, and PSA. The results showed that the higher extract concentration produced smaller AgNPs. The synthesis under sunlight exposure showed more product of AgNPs compared to heating on a hot plate. The optimum conditions of biosynthesis of AgNPs were attained at the volume ratio of extract (20%) and AgNO3 (1mM) of 1:1 and duration of sunlight exposure of 90 min, resulting in AgNPs characterized with maximum wavelength 422 nm and average particle sizes of 67.94 nm.
{"title":"An Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Capsicum chinense Jacq. as A Bio-reducing Agent","authors":"Boyfannie Ivan Putra, Hermin Sulistyarti, R. Retnowati, M. Rafi","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.3.101-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.3.101-108","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become popular due to their unique properties that can be used as biosensors, composite fibers, semiconductor materials, and other medical applications. Green synthesis of AgNPs using natural reagents from plant extract offers advantages as an efficient and environmentally friendly technique by which the compounds from the extract perform as bio-reductor for silver ions and the capping agent for stabilizing the AgNPs. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to conduct the synthesis of AgNPs by utilizing an extract of Capsicum chinensie Jacq as the bioreductor. The effect of extract concentrations, duration of exposure to sunlight, and temperatures on AgNPs formation was studied to obtain the optimum synthesis condition. The biosynthesized AgNPs characteristics were analyzed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, FTIR, SEM, X-Ray Diffraction, and PSA. The results showed that the higher extract concentration produced smaller AgNPs. The synthesis under sunlight exposure showed more product of AgNPs compared to heating on a hot plate. The optimum conditions of biosynthesis of AgNPs were attained at the volume ratio of extract (20%) and AgNO3 (1mM) of 1:1 and duration of sunlight exposure of 90 min, resulting in AgNPs characterized with maximum wavelength 422 nm and average particle sizes of 67.94 nm.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45768243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.3.91-100
Wida Banar Kusumaningrum, Sukma Surya Kusumah, I. Ismadi, R. Rochmadi, Subyakto Subyakto
Thermal properties are important factors to determine the proper manufacturing, processing, and storing of biocomposites. Therefore, the thermal properties of the biocomposite made from acetylated betung bamboo pulp and polypropylene (PP) were investigated. The biocomposite was manufactured by hot pressing at 180 oC for 2 minutes and the fiber contents of the acetylated bamboo pulp used were 10 and 20% according to PP weight. The influence of acetylation and fiber content of bamboo pulp on the thermal properties of the biocomposite were investigated by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results showed that acetylated bamboo pulp-PP biocomposite’s were higher than its pure and untreated biocomposites. The rate of crystallization growth of the acetylated bamboo pulp-PP biocomposites was faster up to 4.5 fold than pure PP composite. In addition, its acetylated bamboo pulp-PP had higher onset and maximum decomposition temperature than its untreated fiber-PP biocomposites but lower than PP. According to the results, the best thermal properties of biocomposite were obtained by acetylation of bamboo pulp with 10% fiber content.
{"title":"Thermal Properties of Acetylated Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) Pulp – Polypropylene Biocomposites","authors":"Wida Banar Kusumaningrum, Sukma Surya Kusumah, I. Ismadi, R. Rochmadi, Subyakto Subyakto","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.3.91-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.3.91-100","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal properties are important factors to determine the proper manufacturing, processing, and storing of biocomposites. Therefore, the thermal properties of the biocomposite made from acetylated betung bamboo pulp and polypropylene (PP) were investigated. The biocomposite was manufactured by hot pressing at 180 oC for 2 minutes and the fiber contents of the acetylated bamboo pulp used were 10 and 20% according to PP weight. The influence of acetylation and fiber content of bamboo pulp on the thermal properties of the biocomposite were investigated by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results showed that acetylated bamboo pulp-PP biocomposite’s were higher than its pure and untreated biocomposites. The rate of crystallization growth of the acetylated bamboo pulp-PP biocomposites was faster up to 4.5 fold than pure PP composite. In addition, its acetylated bamboo pulp-PP had higher onset and maximum decomposition temperature than its untreated fiber-PP biocomposites but lower than PP. According to the results, the best thermal properties of biocomposite were obtained by acetylation of bamboo pulp with 10% fiber content. ","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42297765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.3.85-90
Tunas Alam, Ricky Ardiansyah, Sharfina Maulidayanti, Deva Azvara, F. O. Purnomo, D. Annas
A novel preparation of silver nanoparticles using Morus nigra leaves extract, as opposed to the physical and chemical methods had been used in this work. Their active phytochemical compounds will reduce Ag+ and form AgNPs (Ag0). A peak spectrum at 460 nm was formed and confirmed as the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Vibration at 1643 cm-1 and 3286 cm-1 which characteristic of C=C bonds and (-OH) hydroxyl groups, respectively. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination of silver with good crystallinity revealed its distinctive pattern. According to the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the produced AgNPs-Morus nigra leaves extract were between 10 and 20 nm in size. Using L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) as the substrate, the synthesized AgNPs-Morus nigra were tested for their tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and the results are substantial when compared to kojic acid as a control. The percentages of inhibition from crude extract, AgNPs, and kojic acid at 100 µg/mL are to be found at 12.10 %, 64.80 %, and 59.84 %, respectively. Based on the results of this work, AgNPs can be produced by utilizing a green synthesis method with leaves extract, making them a promising candidate for use in medicine and cosmetics.
{"title":"Tyrosinase Inhibitory of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized using Morus Nigra Leaves Extract","authors":"Tunas Alam, Ricky Ardiansyah, Sharfina Maulidayanti, Deva Azvara, F. O. Purnomo, D. Annas","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.3.85-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.3.85-90","url":null,"abstract":"A novel preparation of silver nanoparticles using Morus nigra leaves extract, as opposed to the physical and chemical methods had been used in this work. Their active phytochemical compounds will reduce Ag+ and form AgNPs (Ag0). A peak spectrum at 460 nm was formed and confirmed as the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Vibration at 1643 cm-1 and 3286 cm-1 which characteristic of C=C bonds and (-OH) hydroxyl groups, respectively. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination of silver with good crystallinity revealed its distinctive pattern. According to the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the produced AgNPs-Morus nigra leaves extract were between 10 and 20 nm in size. Using L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) as the substrate, the synthesized AgNPs-Morus nigra were tested for their tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and the results are substantial when compared to kojic acid as a control. The percentages of inhibition from crude extract, AgNPs, and kojic acid at 100 µg/mL are to be found at 12.10 %, 64.80 %, and 59.84 %, respectively. Based on the results of this work, AgNPs can be produced by utilizing a green synthesis method with leaves extract, making them a promising candidate for use in medicine and cosmetics.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48451961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.3.79-84
P. Lestari, Rhiska Aria Berliani, Erlangga Aria Pratama, Ridwan Assabila Al-Jannata, Desy Vita Pratiwi, H. Widiyandari
Zircon is a rare metal natural mineral composed of zirconia and silica. The silica content in zircon can be used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries because of the low cost and high theoretical capacity. Silica is obtained from the extraction process of zircon with 5M NaOH solution with aging time variation to determine the silica surface area. The SiO2/C composite was obtained from the solid state reaction process of a mixture of silica and graphite. The silica results obtained were tested for characteristics using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Surface area analyzer (SAA), and Scanning electron microscopy/Energy dispersive x-ray (SEM/EDX). Test the battery performance to find the number of cycles, capacity, voltage, and battery current using Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Continuous discharging current (CDC) tests. The highest silica yield and optimal surface area were obtained at 24 hours aging time variation of 8,721 m2/g with percentages of O 36.48% and Si 18.04%, and battery performance test with the highest capacity of 222.7 mAh/g on silica aging time variation 18 hours.
{"title":"Extraction of Silica (SiO2) from Rare-Earth Metal Zircon (ZrSiO4) as Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Material","authors":"P. Lestari, Rhiska Aria Berliani, Erlangga Aria Pratama, Ridwan Assabila Al-Jannata, Desy Vita Pratiwi, H. Widiyandari","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.3.79-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.3.79-84","url":null,"abstract":"Zircon is a rare metal natural mineral composed of zirconia and silica. The silica content in zircon can be used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries because of the low cost and high theoretical capacity. Silica is obtained from the extraction process of zircon with 5M NaOH solution with aging time variation to determine the silica surface area. The SiO2/C composite was obtained from the solid state reaction process of a mixture of silica and graphite. The silica results obtained were tested for characteristics using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Surface area analyzer (SAA), and Scanning electron microscopy/Energy dispersive x-ray (SEM/EDX). Test the battery performance to find the number of cycles, capacity, voltage, and battery current using Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Continuous discharging current (CDC) tests. The highest silica yield and optimal surface area were obtained at 24 hours aging time variation of 8,721 m2/g with percentages of O 36.48% and Si 18.04%, and battery performance test with the highest capacity of 222.7 mAh/g on silica aging time variation 18 hours.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43193531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.2.70-78
D. V. Wellia, M. R. Habibillah, Atika Syafawi, Rizka Rahmadini, Rahmayeni Rahmayeni, Nurul Pratiwi
Through a combination of biosynthetic and hydrothermal methods, N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst has been successfully synthesized using various concentrations of ammonia as a nitrogen source, namely 10% w/w (NTO10), 20% w/w (NTO20), 35% w/w (NTO35), and 50% w/w (NTO50). The synthesis of TiO2 was conducted using Aloe vera (L) Burm F. rind extract as a natural capping agent via the biosynthetic method, followed by a nitrogen doping process via the hydrothermal method. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that all phases were anatase. According to the results of the UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) analysis using the Tauc-Plot method, all N-doped TiO2 samples showed a decrease in the energy gap compared to the TO sample. This indicates that the doping of TiO2 using nitrogen has been successfully doped into TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2 was evaluated for the photoreduction of the Cr(VI) model pollutant using a 24-watt LED lamp as a visible light source for 120 minutes. The results indicate that the NTO35 is the best-prepared N-doped TiO2, which showed a reduced rate for the Cr (VI) model pollutant of 50.88%, or two times greater than that of undoped TiO2.
{"title":"A New Combination Method of N-doped TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesis for Heavy Metal Ions Cr(VI) Photoreduction Applications","authors":"D. V. Wellia, M. R. Habibillah, Atika Syafawi, Rizka Rahmadini, Rahmayeni Rahmayeni, Nurul Pratiwi","doi":"10.14710/jksa.26.2.70-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.2.70-78","url":null,"abstract":"Through a combination of biosynthetic and hydrothermal methods, N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst has been successfully synthesized using various concentrations of ammonia as a nitrogen source, namely 10% w/w (NTO10), 20% w/w (NTO20), 35% w/w (NTO35), and 50% w/w (NTO50). The synthesis of TiO2 was conducted using Aloe vera (L) Burm F. rind extract as a natural capping agent via the biosynthetic method, followed by a nitrogen doping process via the hydrothermal method. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that all phases were anatase. According to the results of the UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) analysis using the Tauc-Plot method, all N-doped TiO2 samples showed a decrease in the energy gap compared to the TO sample. This indicates that the doping of TiO2 using nitrogen has been successfully doped into TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2 was evaluated for the photoreduction of the Cr(VI) model pollutant using a 24-watt LED lamp as a visible light source for 120 minutes. The results indicate that the NTO35 is the best-prepared N-doped TiO2, which showed a reduced rate for the Cr (VI) model pollutant of 50.88%, or two times greater than that of undoped TiO2.","PeriodicalId":17811,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41571164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：