Background: Helicobacter Pylori Infection (HPI) is usually acquired during childhood, without specific treatment this infection rarely resolves spontaneously. Therefore, correct diagnosis is necessary for the effective eradication and there is no single test can be regarded as the gold standard for the identification of H. pylori.Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the stool antigen test, serologic test, rapid urease test, and histology for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from April 2019 to October 2021 on 54 children aged less than 18 years suspected to be H. pylori infection, who attended the outpatient as well as admitted. In a typical data sheet, a complete clinical history, exam results, and investigation reports were documented. Results were expressed as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy.Results: The gastro-duodenal biopsy and Rapid Urease Test (RUT) (100%) have the highest sensitivity, followed by serology (95%), and Saturation (SAT) (70%). Highest specificity was found in gastro-duodenal biopsy 88.2% followed by RUT 67.6% & SAT 41.2% and only 32.4% by serology. The gastro-duodenal biopsy had the highest diagnosis accuracy (92.6%), followed by RUT (79.6%), serology (55.6%) and SAT (51.9%).Conclusion: In the study, the gastro-duodenal biopsy and rapid urease test both showed high sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value; as a result, the combination of these tests constituted the best alternative for making the diagnosis. Because of their high sensitivity, serological tests may be useful non-invasive screening methods. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 130-137.
背景：幽门螺杆菌感染（HPI）通常发生在儿童时期，如果没有特殊治疗，这种感染很少能自愈。因此，正确的诊断是有效根除幽门螺杆菌的必要条件，而目前还没有一种检测方法可被视为识别幽门螺杆菌的金标准：比较粪便抗原检测、血清学检测、快速尿素酶检测和组织学检测对幽门螺杆菌感染诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性：这项横断面描述性研究于2019年4月至2021年10月在达卡班加班杜谢赫-穆吉布医科大学（BSMMU）小儿胃肠病学与营养学系进行，对象是54名年龄小于18岁、疑似幽门螺杆菌感染的门诊和住院儿童。在典型的数据表中，记录了完整的临床病史、检查结果和调查报告。结果以敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和诊断准确性表示：结果：胃十二指肠活检和快速尿素酶测试（RUT）（100%）的灵敏度最高，其次是血清学（95%）和饱和度（SAT）（70%）。胃十二指肠活检的特异性最高，为 88.2%，其次是 RUT 67.6% 和 SAT 41.2%，血清学仅为 32.4%。胃十二指肠活检的诊断准确率最高（92.6%），其次是 RUT（79.6%）、血清学（55.6%）和 SAT（51.9%）：结论：在该研究中，胃十二指肠活检和快速尿素酶测试均显示出较高的灵敏度、特异性和阴性预测值；因此，这两种测试的组合是做出诊断的最佳选择。由于其灵敏度高，血清学检测可能是有用的非侵入性筛查方法。
{"title":"Comparison of Different Diagnostic Methods of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children","authors":"Md Nazmul Hassan, Md Rafiqul Islam, Khondoker Mobasher Ahmed, Urmy Roy, Ayesha Siddiqua, Sharmistha Ghosal, Md Wahiduzzaman Mazumder, Md Rukunuzzaman","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68483","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Helicobacter Pylori Infection (HPI) is usually acquired during childhood, without specific treatment this infection rarely resolves spontaneously. Therefore, correct diagnosis is necessary for the effective eradication and there is no single test can be regarded as the gold standard for the identification of H. pylori.Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the stool antigen test, serologic test, rapid urease test, and histology for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from April 2019 to October 2021 on 54 children aged less than 18 years suspected to be H. pylori infection, who attended the outpatient as well as admitted. In a typical data sheet, a complete clinical history, exam results, and investigation reports were documented. Results were expressed as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy.Results: The gastro-duodenal biopsy and Rapid Urease Test (RUT) (100%) have the highest sensitivity, followed by serology (95%), and Saturation (SAT) (70%). Highest specificity was found in gastro-duodenal biopsy 88.2% followed by RUT 67.6% & SAT 41.2% and only 32.4% by serology. The gastro-duodenal biopsy had the highest diagnosis accuracy (92.6%), followed by RUT (79.6%), serology (55.6%) and SAT (51.9%).Conclusion: In the study, the gastro-duodenal biopsy and rapid urease test both showed high sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value; as a result, the combination of these tests constituted the best alternative for making the diagnosis. Because of their high sensitivity, serological tests may be useful non-invasive screening methods.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 130-137.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70594
Md Asaduzzaman, Md Moshiur Rahman, Mohammad Abdus Salam, Mahmudul Hasan Suzan
Background: A common Presentation of thyroid disorder is solitary nodule. A discrete swelling in an impalpable gland is termed as solitary nodule of thyroid. The majority of solitary thyroid nodule are benign. The incidence of malignancy is more common in female with mean age 35 years. Timely intervention in nodular lesion of thyroid can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological aspects of solitary thyroid nodule.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of otolaryngology and general surgery of Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College and Hospital in 50 patients with Solitary Thyroid Nodule from July 2016 to July 2019. All the patients those who were diagnosed solitary thyroid nodule underwent thyroid surgery after through clinical evaluation, USG and FNAC. The histopathological reports were evaluated and correlated with clinical diagnosis and discussed.Results: Out of 50 patients’ majority were female only 8 were male patients. Peak incidence observed in the age group 30 to 40 years. Most of the patients presented with a swelling in front of neck 100% followed by pain 8%, dysphagia 4% and change of voice 4%. Swelling is located in the right lobe 70% followed by left lobe 26%. On FNAC examination they were presented with colloid nodular goitre 66%, follicular neoplasm 14%, thyroiditis 8%, papillary carcinoma 4% & cystic lesions 8%. But final histopathological report showed highest 30 (60%) cases was nodular goiter then follicular adenoma 10 (20%) and 6 (12%) were malignant.Conclusion: From this study we considered that STN is present most commonly in female. Most of them are benign, but remarkable proportion 12% of solitary thyroid nodule were malignant, so careful assessment of thyroid nodule is important for early diagnosis and treatment. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 161-164.
{"title":"Clinico Pathological Study of Solitary Thyroid Nodule - A Prospective Study of 50 Cases.","authors":"Md Asaduzzaman, Md Moshiur Rahman, Mohammad Abdus Salam, Mahmudul Hasan Suzan","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70594","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A common Presentation of thyroid disorder is solitary nodule. A discrete swelling in an impalpable gland is termed as solitary nodule of thyroid. The majority of solitary thyroid nodule are benign. The incidence of malignancy is more common in female with mean age 35 years. Timely intervention in nodular lesion of thyroid can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological aspects of solitary thyroid nodule.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of otolaryngology and general surgery of Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College and Hospital in 50 patients with Solitary Thyroid Nodule from July 2016 to July 2019. All the patients those who were diagnosed solitary thyroid nodule underwent thyroid surgery after through clinical evaluation, USG and FNAC. The histopathological reports were evaluated and correlated with clinical diagnosis and discussed.Results: Out of 50 patients’ majority were female only 8 were male patients. Peak incidence observed in the age group 30 to 40 years. Most of the patients presented with a swelling in front of neck 100% followed by pain 8%, dysphagia 4% and change of voice 4%. Swelling is located in the right lobe 70% followed by left lobe 26%. On FNAC examination they were presented with colloid nodular goitre 66%, follicular neoplasm 14%, thyroiditis 8%, papillary carcinoma 4% & cystic lesions 8%. But final histopathological report showed highest 30 (60%) cases was nodular goiter then follicular adenoma 10 (20%) and 6 (12%) were malignant.Conclusion: From this study we considered that STN is present most commonly in female. Most of them are benign, but remarkable proportion 12% of solitary thyroid nodule were malignant, so careful assessment of thyroid nodule is important for early diagnosis and treatment.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 161-164.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-neural granular cell tumor was first described in 1991 as an unusual primitive, polypoid variant of the conventional GCT (granular cell tumor). To date, this neoplasm remains as a rare entity and the cell of origin is uncertain. While the histological features are similar to the conventional (traditional) GCTs, it represents a distinct entity, as it is negative for S-100 and lacks true nerve sheath differentiation. We report here a case of a 49-year-old male patient with S-100 negative, vimentin positive large benign, ulcerated, bleeding non-neural GCT in the lower rectum. We confirmed the diagnosis histopathologically and immunohistochemically. We treated it by ISRR (Inter-Sphincteric Resection of Rectum) and primary colo-anal anastomosis. We find no other report of non-neural GCT located in the rectum in surgical literature. This is probably the first case of non-neural GCT identified in the rectum. This case report is presented here to document a non-neural GCT located in the rectum for the first time ever reported, and also to highlight the optimum best surgical approach, as we deemed here for this large ulcerated bleeding tumor in the rectum. This rectal non-neural GCT posed here as an unusual differential diagnosis from such more common neoplastic bleeding lesions in the rectum as carcinoma rectum, hemorrhoid, rectal polyp, etc. Here we like to discuss our experience, reviewing in brief the available literature implicating the biological behavior, histopathological and immunohistochemical features, differential diagnosis and therapeutic considerations of neural and non-neural GCTs. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 181-187.
{"title":"Inter-Sphincteric Resection of Rectum for Ulcerated S-100 Negative Large Granular Cell Tumour","authors":"A. Moniruddin, Shakila Jannat, Halima Khatun Doly, Md Masudar Rahman, M. Rouf, Sayeed Bin, Md Sabbir Raihan, Tanvirul Hasan, Sabera Sultana, Rifat Newaz","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70612","url":null,"abstract":"Non-neural granular cell tumor was first described in 1991 as an unusual primitive, polypoid variant of the conventional GCT (granular cell tumor). To date, this neoplasm remains as a rare entity and the cell of origin is uncertain. While the histological features are similar to the conventional (traditional) GCTs, it represents a distinct entity, as it is negative for S-100 and lacks true nerve sheath differentiation. We report here a case of a 49-year-old male patient with S-100 negative, vimentin positive large benign, ulcerated, bleeding non-neural GCT in the lower rectum. We confirmed the diagnosis histopathologically and immunohistochemically. We treated it by ISRR (Inter-Sphincteric Resection of Rectum) and primary colo-anal anastomosis. We find no other report of non-neural GCT located in the rectum in surgical literature. This is probably the first case of non-neural GCT identified in the rectum. This case report is presented here to document a non-neural GCT located in the rectum for the first time ever reported, and also to highlight the optimum best surgical approach, as we deemed here for this large ulcerated bleeding tumor in the rectum. This rectal non-neural GCT posed here as an unusual differential diagnosis from such more common neoplastic bleeding lesions in the rectum as carcinoma rectum, hemorrhoid, rectal polyp, etc. Here we like to discuss our experience, reviewing in brief the available literature implicating the biological behavior, histopathological and immunohistochemical features, differential diagnosis and therapeutic considerations of neural and non-neural GCTs.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 181-187.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68466
Satabdi Ghosh, Md Moniruzzaman Khan, Munmun Ghosh, A K M Shahidur Rahman, Md Raihan Talukder, Wakif Khan, Kapil Dev Sarker
Background: During Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) pandemic all educational institutions including the medical colleges in Bangladesh were closed for more than ten months. In this period all classes for undergraduate medical students like lectures and practical classes were taken by online platform. For this reason, the scenario of online classes and learning outcome need to be assessed among undergraduate medical students during COVID 19 pandemic.Objective: To find out the scenario of online classes and learning outcome in undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: An observational study, among different years of MBBS medical students exposed to both online and offline classes during COVID pandemic from 2020 -2021. This study was carried out by the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College (KYAMC). A total number of 237 medical students from different years were included randomly in this study. Among them 99 male and 138 female medical students participated. To collect data, a questionnaire form was supplied to the participants to fill up. This form contained some demographic criteria, health issues during online classes, internet connectivity issues, problem faced by students, opinion to encourage online classes in future and causal factors of lack of interest. In addition, we also made a comparison between marks obtained in case of online and offline written examinations (SAQ) and oral examinations (SOE).Results: The result showed that anxiety and depression were developed in 53.59% and 44.30% of medical students respectively due to COVID-19. Eyesight problem was developed in 66.66% of medical students due to online classes. 50% of students reported the communication gap between patients and students during practical classes. 52.74% of medical students did not recommend such types of online classes in the future. The comparison between online and offline examinations showed that the results of offline exams were better than online.Conclusion: During COVID pandemic we used online classes as an alternative teaching-learning process. But we found poorperformance in their exams. The students also did not suggest online classes in the future. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 145-150.
{"title":"Impact of Closure of Medical Colleges due to COVID 19: The Scenario of Online Classes and Learning Outcome in Undergraduate Medical Students.","authors":"Satabdi Ghosh, Md Moniruzzaman Khan, Munmun Ghosh, A K M Shahidur Rahman, Md Raihan Talukder, Wakif Khan, Kapil Dev Sarker","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68466","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) pandemic all educational institutions including the medical colleges in Bangladesh were closed for more than ten months. In this period all classes for undergraduate medical students like lectures and practical classes were taken by online platform. For this reason, the scenario of online classes and learning outcome need to be assessed among undergraduate medical students during COVID 19 pandemic.Objective: To find out the scenario of online classes and learning outcome in undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: An observational study, among different years of MBBS medical students exposed to both online and offline classes during COVID pandemic from 2020 -2021. This study was carried out by the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College (KYAMC). A total number of 237 medical students from different years were included randomly in this study. Among them 99 male and 138 female medical students participated. To collect data, a questionnaire form was supplied to the participants to fill up. This form contained some demographic criteria, health issues during online classes, internet connectivity issues, problem faced by students, opinion to encourage online classes in future and causal factors of lack of interest. In addition, we also made a comparison between marks obtained in case of online and offline written examinations (SAQ) and oral examinations (SOE).Results: The result showed that anxiety and depression were developed in 53.59% and 44.30% of medical students respectively due to COVID-19. Eyesight problem was developed in 66.66% of medical students due to online classes. 50% of students reported the communication gap between patients and students during practical classes. 52.74% of medical students did not recommend such types of online classes in the future. The comparison between online and offline examinations showed that the results of offline exams were better than online.Conclusion: During COVID pandemic we used online classes as an alternative teaching-learning process. But we found poorperformance in their exams. The students also did not suggest online classes in the future.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 145-150.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":"40 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70616
Quazi Manjurul Haque, Syed Minhaj Uddin Ahmed, Md Arifur Rahman, Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed, Md Zulfikar Ali
Dengue is a common mosquito-transmitted viral infectious disease. Due to global warming and other climate changes, the dengue virus vector Aedes aegypti mosquito is breeding rapidly and spreading the dengue worldwide. As a result, every year, millions of people are infected by the dengue virus and tolls thousands of lives across the world. World Health Organization (WHO) has given a terrible message that dengue can become as an epidemic. Therefore, the invention of an effective dengue vaccine is a way to build the body’s immunity to fight against the disease. Efforts to develop a vaccine against dengue have been ongoing for decades. Currently, Dengvaxia is approved for use by individuals to prevent dengue with some limitations. Another vaccine, Qdenga is also shown to be effective against verities of dengue virus serotypes but this vaccine is not approved by the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yet. Neither Dengvaxia nor Qdenga has approved in Bangladesh and other low and middle-economic countries due to its conservative approach, controversy and lack of WHO guidelines on dengue vaccine. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 172-174.
{"title":"Dengue Vaccine: Challenges and Limitations","authors":"Quazi Manjurul Haque, Syed Minhaj Uddin Ahmed, Md Arifur Rahman, Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed, Md Zulfikar Ali","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70616","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is a common mosquito-transmitted viral infectious disease. Due to global warming and other climate changes, the dengue virus vector Aedes aegypti mosquito is breeding rapidly and spreading the dengue worldwide. As a result, every year, millions of people are infected by the dengue virus and tolls thousands of lives across the world. World Health Organization (WHO) has given a terrible message that dengue can become as an epidemic. Therefore, the invention of an effective dengue vaccine is a way to build the body’s immunity to fight against the disease. Efforts to develop a vaccine against dengue have been ongoing for decades. Currently, Dengvaxia is approved for use by individuals to prevent dengue with some limitations. Another vaccine, Qdenga is also shown to be effective against verities of dengue virus serotypes but this vaccine is not approved by the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yet. Neither Dengvaxia nor Qdenga has approved in Bangladesh and other low and middle-economic countries due to its conservative approach, controversy and lack of WHO guidelines on dengue vaccine.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 172-174.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":"40 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139528297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Parenting has become increasingly important in the contemporary world, with an emphasis on many aspects and forms of parenting. It has a direct impact on the child's physical as well as psychological well-being and development.Objective: To determine the effects of perceived parenting on psychological well-being of late adolescents at Police Lines School and College, Rangpur, Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was directed to determine the effects of perceived parenting on the psychological well-being of late adolescents at Police Lines School and College, Rangpur, Bangladesh. The semi-structured questionnaire was constructed to measure the psychological well-being of adolescents by ‘Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being’.Results: The mean age of the participants was 17.7±0.6 years and about two-thirds of them were from the age group ≥18 years (61.1%). Regarding the psychological well-being of adolescents, the mean scores of autonomy were 3.6±0.7, environmental mastery was 4.1±0.9, personal growth was 4.6±0.6, a positive relationship was 4.1±0.8, purpose in life was 4.5±1.0 and self-acceptance was 4.1±0.8. Most of the adolescents slightly agree on autonomy (49.1%), environmental mastery (43.4%), positive relationship (51.4%), self-acceptance (50.9%) and average agrees on personal growth (55.7%), purpose in life (40.6%). The mean of PWB scores was 4.2±0.5. Two-thirds of the participants (67.1%) slightly agreed about the psychological well-being of the adolescents and only 6.3% slightly disagreed. The level of psychological well-being of adolescents was statistically significant with autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relationship, purpose in life, and self-acceptance (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study found that the more intense the perceived parenting, the lower the psychological well-being. Parenting awareness and counseling programs can support parents in improving their parenting style. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 165-171.
背景：养育子女在当代世界变得越来越重要，养育子女的许多方面和形式都受到重视。它对儿童的身心健康和发展有着直接的影响：确定孟加拉国兰布尔警校（Police Lines School and College）晚期青少年感知到的养育方式对其心理健康的影响：这项横断面研究旨在确定孟加拉国兰普尔市 Police Lines 学校和学院晚期青少年感知到的养育方式对其心理健康的影响。研究采用 "Ryff 心理健康量表 "编制了半结构式问卷，以测量青少年的心理健康状况：受试者的平均年龄为（17.7±0.6）岁，其中约三分之二的受试者年龄≥18 岁（61.1%）。在青少年的心理幸福感方面，自主（3.6±0.7）分、环境掌控（4.1±0.9）分、个人成长（4.6±0.6）分、积极关系（4.1±0.8）分、生活目标（4.5±1.0）分和自我接纳（4.1±0.8）分的平均得分分别为大部分青少年对自主性（49.1%）、环境掌控（43.4%）、积极关系（51.4%）和自我接纳（50.9%）略有认同，对个人成长（55.7%）和人生目标（40.6%）的认同度一般。工效指数得分的平均值为 4.2±0.5。三分之二的参与者（67.1%）略微同意青少年的心理健康水平，只有 6.3%略微不同意。青少年的心理健康水平与自主性、环境掌控、个人成长、积极的人际关系、生活目标和自我接纳有统计学意义（P<0.05）：研究发现，感知到的教养方式越强烈，青少年的心理健康水平越低。养育意识和辅导计划可帮助父母改善其养育方式。
{"title":"Effects of Perceived Parenting on Adolescent Psychological Well-being.","authors":"Shahnaz Kabir, Jannatul Ferdous, Md Rafiul Hasan, Silvia Rushni, Shaheda Hamid, Mohammad Nurunnabi","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70401","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parenting has become increasingly important in the contemporary world, with an emphasis on many aspects and forms of parenting. It has a direct impact on the child's physical as well as psychological well-being and development.Objective: To determine the effects of perceived parenting on psychological well-being of late adolescents at Police Lines School and College, Rangpur, Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was directed to determine the effects of perceived parenting on the psychological well-being of late adolescents at Police Lines School and College, Rangpur, Bangladesh. The semi-structured questionnaire was constructed to measure the psychological well-being of adolescents by ‘Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being’.Results: The mean age of the participants was 17.7±0.6 years and about two-thirds of them were from the age group ≥18 years (61.1%). Regarding the psychological well-being of adolescents, the mean scores of autonomy were 3.6±0.7, environmental mastery was 4.1±0.9, personal growth was 4.6±0.6, a positive relationship was 4.1±0.8, purpose in life was 4.5±1.0 and self-acceptance was 4.1±0.8. Most of the adolescents slightly agree on autonomy (49.1%), environmental mastery (43.4%), positive relationship (51.4%), self-acceptance (50.9%) and average agrees on personal growth (55.7%), purpose in life (40.6%). The mean of PWB scores was 4.2±0.5. Two-thirds of the participants (67.1%) slightly agreed about the psychological well-being of the adolescents and only 6.3% slightly disagreed. The level of psychological well-being of adolescents was statistically significant with autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relationship, purpose in life, and self-acceptance (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study found that the more intense the perceived parenting, the lower the psychological well-being. Parenting awareness and counseling programs can support parents in improving their parenting style.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 165-171.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Workplace violence (WPV) in healthcare settings is a significant global occupational and mental health concern, which is a major stressor for nurses, particularly in middle-income and low-income countries. It has serious negative consequences for the physical and mental well-being of healthcare workers and threatens the workplace environment for providing healthcare services.Objective: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and perceived effects of workplace violence on nurses in a purposively selected medical college hospital situated in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was initiated to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and perceived effects of workplace violence among the 220 nurses working in the Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital.Results: Most of the nurses (50.5%) faced violence in their workplace, or outside of the workplace or both. Among them 45.9% faced violence in their workplace alone, 38.8% faced violence in both places and 15.3% faced violence on the way to their workplace in terms of violence outside the workplace alone. Regarding the type of WPV and violence outside the workplace (VOW), the majority of the nurses experienced psychological violence (93.6% and 81.7%, respectively). Nurses' age, marital status, work experiences, and workplace distance from residence all had a statistically significant (p<0.05) relationship with their experience of violence. The sex of the nurses and the distance of their workplace from their residence were similarly statistically significant (p<0.05) about the place of occurrence of the incident. In addition, Nurses' age and marital status were statistically related (p<0.05) to different types of workplace violence.Conclusion: Workplace violence has a negative impact on both the health and productivity of nurses. Workplace regulations and protocols focusing on safety in the workplace, reporting and surveillance, and education for all employees and management on how to avoid and handle violence are required. The hospital administration has also prioritized initiatives to minimize violence. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 120-129.
{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors and Perceived Effects of Workplace Violence on Nurses.","authors":"Mohammad Nurunnabi, Mousumi Afrin, Nawshin Rubaiyat, Mridul Gupta, Sumaia Subnum, Ipshita Jahan, Eumna Rahman","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68529","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Workplace violence (WPV) in healthcare settings is a significant global occupational and mental health concern, which is a major stressor for nurses, particularly in middle-income and low-income countries. It has serious negative consequences for the physical and mental well-being of healthcare workers and threatens the workplace environment for providing healthcare services.Objective: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and perceived effects of workplace violence on nurses in a purposively selected medical college hospital situated in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was initiated to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and perceived effects of workplace violence among the 220 nurses working in the Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital.Results: Most of the nurses (50.5%) faced violence in their workplace, or outside of the workplace or both. Among them 45.9% faced violence in their workplace alone, 38.8% faced violence in both places and 15.3% faced violence on the way to their workplace in terms of violence outside the workplace alone. Regarding the type of WPV and violence outside the workplace (VOW), the majority of the nurses experienced psychological violence (93.6% and 81.7%, respectively). Nurses' age, marital status, work experiences, and workplace distance from residence all had a statistically significant (p<0.05) relationship with their experience of violence. The sex of the nurses and the distance of their workplace from their residence were similarly statistically significant (p<0.05) about the place of occurrence of the incident. In addition, Nurses' age and marital status were statistically related (p<0.05) to different types of workplace violence.Conclusion: Workplace violence has a negative impact on both the health and productivity of nurses. Workplace regulations and protocols focusing on safety in the workplace, reporting and surveillance, and education for all employees and management on how to avoid and handle violence are required. The hospital administration has also prioritized initiatives to minimize violence.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 120-129.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68544
Uzzal Kumar Ghosh, Polok Kumar Das, Khyrun Nahar Shaila, M. Razzaque, Md Imrul Kaes, Most Eti Khatun
A 17 month old boy of first degree consanguineous parents came with the history of poor vision and photophobia. He also had multiple hyper pigmented skin lesions all over the body since 8 months of age. The skin lesions were generalized, hyper pigmented, non-tender, not itchy but photosensitive. Initially the skin lesion was treated by local physicians but when the lesion was spreading, and subsequently when he had developed visual problem, then visited to pediatrician. There was no history of similar type of skin disorder in his family. His developmental millstone was age appropriate. His eyes were sensitive to sunlight and exposure to light causes redness along with poor vision. There was large corneal diameter, conjunctival xerosis, intense photophobia and poor vision in both eyes. Skin survey revealed hyper pigmented macules. Hair and nail apparatus were normal. There was no mucosal or dental involvement, no ulceration or growth elsewhere. Hearing was normal. By a multidisciplinary team this case diagnosed as Xeroderma Pigmentosum clinically. This case managed by proper counselling, advised to protection from sun light and follow up. We like to share our experience of diagnosing and treating this rare case in child with early ocular manifestation. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 175-177.
{"title":"Xeroderma Pigmentosum in a Child: An Early Ocular Manifestation","authors":"Uzzal Kumar Ghosh, Polok Kumar Das, Khyrun Nahar Shaila, M. Razzaque, Md Imrul Kaes, Most Eti Khatun","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.68544","url":null,"abstract":"A 17 month old boy of first degree consanguineous parents came with the history of poor vision and photophobia. He also had multiple hyper pigmented skin lesions all over the body since 8 months of age. The skin lesions were generalized, hyper pigmented, non-tender, not itchy but photosensitive. Initially the skin lesion was treated by local physicians but when the lesion was spreading, and subsequently when he had developed visual problem, then visited to pediatrician. There was no history of similar type of skin disorder in his family. His developmental millstone was age appropriate. His eyes were sensitive to sunlight and exposure to light causes redness along with poor vision. There was large corneal diameter, conjunctival xerosis, intense photophobia and poor vision in both eyes. Skin survey revealed hyper pigmented macules. Hair and nail apparatus were normal. There was no mucosal or dental involvement, no ulceration or growth elsewhere. Hearing was normal. By a multidisciplinary team this case diagnosed as Xeroderma Pigmentosum clinically. This case managed by proper counselling, advised to protection from sun light and follow up. We like to share our experience of diagnosing and treating this rare case in child with early ocular manifestation.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 175-177.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":"48 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139528093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.67173
Md Golam Abbas, Thamima Thamima
Background: Nurses play a crucial role in the healthcare delivery system. The phrase "quality of work life" (QWL) describes the range of elements that affect how successfully nurses can balance their personal and professional lives.Objective: To assess the level of quality of work life among nurses working in secondary-level hospitals in Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: To assess the quality of the work-life balance, a cross-sectional study including 232 nurses working in secondary-level hospitals was carried out from January to December 2022. The WALTON QWL scale was used to construct the questionnaire.Results: The QWL score average was 126.0±9.3. About two-thirds of the nurses (71.1%) among them reported moderate QWL. The nurses' QWL was statistically significant when considering their recent night shifts, their capacity to eat at the proper times, their ability to spend time with friends and family, their conflicts with coworkers, and their conflicts with doctors (p˂0.05). The majority of nurses who worked night shifts in the past month (75.1%) reported having moderate QWL, which included being able to take breaks during work hours (66.7%), experiencing sudden changes in the shift schedule (68.2%), not being able to eat at the right time (79.6%), not having many opportunities to spend time with family and friends (81.85), and having conflicts with coworkers (84.1%) and doctors (87.5%).Conclusion: The study revealed that most of the nurses experienced moderate levels of QWL. The prevalence of QWL among nurses may have affected patient care, satisfaction with care, increased medical errors, and decreased overall hospital job efficiency. Enhancing nurses' QWL will help to raise the standard of nursing care given to patients at all levels and, as a result, increase their productivity. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 151-157.
{"title":"Quality of Work Life among Nurses Working in Secondary Level Hospitals in Bangladesh","authors":"Md Golam Abbas, Thamima Thamima","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.67173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.67173","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nurses play a crucial role in the healthcare delivery system. The phrase \"quality of work life\" (QWL) describes the range of elements that affect how successfully nurses can balance their personal and professional lives.Objective: To assess the level of quality of work life among nurses working in secondary-level hospitals in Bangladesh.Materials and Methods: To assess the quality of the work-life balance, a cross-sectional study including 232 nurses working in secondary-level hospitals was carried out from January to December 2022. The WALTON QWL scale was used to construct the questionnaire.Results: The QWL score average was 126.0±9.3. About two-thirds of the nurses (71.1%) among them reported moderate QWL. The nurses' QWL was statistically significant when considering their recent night shifts, their capacity to eat at the proper times, their ability to spend time with friends and family, their conflicts with coworkers, and their conflicts with doctors (p˂0.05). The majority of nurses who worked night shifts in the past month (75.1%) reported having moderate QWL, which included being able to take breaks during work hours (66.7%), experiencing sudden changes in the shift schedule (68.2%), not being able to eat at the right time (79.6%), not having many opportunities to spend time with family and friends (81.85), and having conflicts with coworkers (84.1%) and doctors (87.5%).Conclusion: The study revealed that most of the nurses experienced moderate levels of QWL. The prevalence of QWL among nurses may have affected patient care, satisfaction with care, increased medical errors, and decreased overall hospital job efficiency. Enhancing nurses' QWL will help to raise the standard of nursing care given to patients at all levels and, as a result, increase their productivity.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 151-157.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Researchers have identified multiple negative health effects of smoking on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It was recently reported that substances in cigarette smoke also have pathological effects on peripheral nerves, which causes neuronal impairment. The common peroneal nerve conduction study is an essential electrodiagnostic test of the lower limb for the detection of peripheral motor nerve dysfunction.Objectives: To assess the potential influence of smoking on the electrophysiological status of common peroneal nerve in young male chronic cigarette smokers.Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2017 to June 2018, including thirty male cigarette smokers aged 25 to 40 years. For comparison, another thirty age and BMI-matched healthy male non-smoker subjects were selected in the control group. The electrophysiological parameters (distal latency, amplitude, and motor nerve conduction velocity) of the left common peroneal nerve were evaluated by standard methods in the Department of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. For the statistical analysis, an independent t-test was performed.Result: In this study, the mean distal latency of the common peroneal nerve was slightly prolonged, while the mean amplitude was slightly reduced in smokers. However, these changes were not statistically significant. However, the motor nerve conduction velocity was significantly (p ˂ 0.05) slower in cigarette smokers compared to non-smokers.Conclusion: Chronic cigarette smoking causes significant impairment of common peroneal motor nerve conduction, while it does not affect the amplitude in young individuals. KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 111-115.
背景：研究人员发现，吸烟对呼吸系统和心血管系统有多种负面健康影响。最近有报道称，香烟烟雾中的物质也会对周围神经产生病理影响，导致神经元受损。腓总神经传导研究是检测下肢周围运动神经功能障碍的重要电诊断测试：评估吸烟对年轻男性长期吸烟者腓总神经电生理状态的潜在影响：这项病例对照研究于2017年7月至2018年6月在达卡萨利穆拉爵士医学院生理学系进行，包括30名25至40岁的男性吸烟者。为了进行对比，对照组中还选取了 30 名年龄和体重指数相匹配的健康男性非吸烟者。达卡医学院附属医院神经内科采用标准方法评估了左侧腓总神经的电生理参数（远端潜伏期、振幅和运动神经传导速度）。统计分析采用独立 t 检验：在这项研究中，吸烟者的腓总神经远端平均潜伏期略有延长，而平均振幅则略有降低。然而，这些变化在统计学上并不显著。然而，与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的运动神经传导速度明显减慢（p ˂ 0.05）：结论：长期吸烟会导致腓总运动神经传导明显受损，但对年轻人的振幅没有影响。
{"title":"Electrophysiological Evaluation of Common Peroneal Nerve in Chronic Cigarette Smokers.","authors":"Habiba Akter, Munmun Hossain, Syed Minhaj Uddin Ahmed, Sharmin Khan Liza, Esrat Jahan, Muhammad Ariful Haque","doi":"10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v14i03.70987","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Researchers have identified multiple negative health effects of smoking on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It was recently reported that substances in cigarette smoke also have pathological effects on peripheral nerves, which causes neuronal impairment. The common peroneal nerve conduction study is an essential electrodiagnostic test of the lower limb for the detection of peripheral motor nerve dysfunction.Objectives: To assess the potential influence of smoking on the electrophysiological status of common peroneal nerve in young male chronic cigarette smokers.Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2017 to June 2018, including thirty male cigarette smokers aged 25 to 40 years. For comparison, another thirty age and BMI-matched healthy male non-smoker subjects were selected in the control group. The electrophysiological parameters (distal latency, amplitude, and motor nerve conduction velocity) of the left common peroneal nerve were evaluated by standard methods in the Department of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. For the statistical analysis, an independent t-test was performed.Result: In this study, the mean distal latency of the common peroneal nerve was slightly prolonged, while the mean amplitude was slightly reduced in smokers. However, these changes were not statistically significant. However, the motor nerve conduction velocity was significantly (p ˂ 0.05) slower in cigarette smokers compared to non-smokers.Conclusion: Chronic cigarette smoking causes significant impairment of common peroneal motor nerve conduction, while it does not affect the amplitude in young individuals.\u0000KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 111-115.","PeriodicalId":17948,"journal":{"name":"KYAMC Journal","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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