Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec1
D. N. Gabyshev, R. M. Ganopolsky
This article considers energy distribution of light inside a uniformly illuminated transparent water droplet. Two methods are used: the geometrical optics approximation and the Mie solution derived from wave optics. The authors describe in detail calculation algorithms suitable for efficient computer implementation and ways to improve them. In the limit for large droplets, both similarities and differences between the methods are pointed out. Resonant states are discussed, when the usually dark regions of the droplet turn out to be illuminated.
{"title":"Improved calculation of the Mie solution and the geometrical optics approximation for large droplets","authors":"D. N. Gabyshev, R. M. Ganopolsky","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec1","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers energy distribution of light inside a uniformly illuminated transparent water droplet. Two methods are used: the geometrical optics approximation and the Mie solution derived from wave optics. The authors describe in detail calculation algorithms suitable for efficient computer implementation and ways to improve them. In the limit for large droplets, both similarities and differences between the methods are pointed out. Resonant states are discussed, when the usually dark regions of the droplet turn out to be illuminated.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"26 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138601191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb2
Astro Ltd, J. S. R. Neto, P. A. D. Ana, V. L. Mazzocchi, E. G. Valério, D. Zezell
Changes in the crystal lattices and compositions of the dental enamel powders were evaluated after oven or Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. A decrease in the Ca/P ratio to levels close to the ideal theoretical value of laser irradiation caused a considerable decrease in the hydroxyapatite crystallite size but without changes in the crystallographic phase. These changes alter the material, can affect the demineralization process, and are useful for the prevention of caries and dental erosion.
{"title":"Structural changes in the crystal lattice in enamel under Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and oven heated by Rietveld analysis","authors":"Astro Ltd, J. S. R. Neto, P. A. D. Ana, V. L. Mazzocchi, E. G. Valério, D. Zezell","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb2","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the crystal lattices and compositions of the dental enamel powders were evaluated after oven or Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. A decrease in the Ca/P ratio to levels close to the ideal theoretical value of laser irradiation caused a considerable decrease in the hydroxyapatite crystallite size but without changes in the crystallographic phase. These changes alter the material, can affect the demineralization process, and are useful for the prevention of caries and dental erosion.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138603010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-07-11DOI: 10.1016/j.aan.2023.05.003
Robyn E Finney, Adam K Jacob
Modern anesthetic care is very safe, but stressful and traumatic clinical events may occur. When they occur, anesthesia professionals are vulnerable to second victim experiences, resulting in significant and long-lasting psychological and emotional consequences if not addressed. Peer support can help anesthesia professionals cope with the negative effects of second victim experiences.
{"title":"Peer Support and Second Victim Programs for Anesthesia Professionals Involved in Stressful or Traumatic Clinical Events.","authors":"Robyn E Finney, Adam K Jacob","doi":"10.1016/j.aan.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aan.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern anesthetic care is very safe, but stressful and traumatic clinical events may occur. When they occur, anesthesia professionals are vulnerable to second victim experiences, resulting in significant and long-lasting psychological and emotional consequences if not addressed. Peer support can help anesthesia professionals cope with the negative effects of second victim experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"21 1","pages":"39-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85969989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec0
Mausumi Mahapatra, Priyanka P Singh, Ganeswar Nath
Laser speckle is a non-contact, non-interfering, non-destructive, rapid and controllable technique with a large area of coverage that has attracted much attention for surface analysis of materials. The emergence of different natural cellulosic materials as potential candidates for the replacement of synthetic ones is promising, but their sustainability from the point of view of material design is still in question. Machining of the surface of cellulosic components for making sound-dampening materials has a critical effect on determining their surface condition. Laser speckle is an emerging tool for surface analysis of a variety of materials, and it has important applications in material design and analysis. As a cutting-edge research tool, ultrasonic wave technology has maintained a significant contribution to the design and structural monitoring of composite materials. The present work uses date palm leaf fibers for composite reinforcement. The sound-dampening properties, such as sound absorption and transmission, were analyzed on the basis of surface roughness observed with the laser speckle technique and modified by ultrasonically blended surfactants. The surface roughness of the synthesized material was found to increase with sonication time with an R2 value of 0.944 and observed fluctuation in roughness data on the surface of the material. The sound absorption coefficient is 0.98 with a transmission loss of 60 dB, for which the material is classified as an ASTM E1050 Class A acoustic material. Further, the method of laser speckle-based roughness estimation is found to be potential tool for the design of any type of quieter material.
激光斑点仪是一种非接触、无干扰、无损、快速和可控的大面积覆盖技术，在材料表面分析方面备受关注。作为替代合成材料的潜在候选材料，各种天然纤维素材料的出现令人充满希望，但从材料设计的角度来看，它们的可持续性仍然存在问题。对用于制造消音材料的纤维素部件进行表面加工，对确定其表面状况有着至关重要的影响。激光斑点是对各种材料进行表面分析的新兴工具，在材料设计和分析中有着重要的应用。作为一种前沿研究工具，超声波技术在复合材料的设计和结构监测方面做出了重大贡献。本研究采用枣椰叶纤维进行复合材料加固。根据激光斑点技术观察到的表面粗糙度分析了其吸声和透声等消声性能，并通过超声混合表面活性剂对其进行了改性。结果发现，合成材料的表面粗糙度随超声时间的延长而增加，R2 值为 0.944，并且观察到材料表面粗糙度数据的波动。材料的吸声系数为 0.98，透声损失为 60 dB，因此被归类为 ASTM E1050 A 级声学材料。此外，基于激光斑点的粗糙度估算方法被认为是设计任何类型低噪音材料的潜在工具。
{"title":"Laser speckle-based estimation of surface condition for designing quieter material","authors":"Mausumi Mahapatra, Priyanka P Singh, Ganeswar Nath","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec0","url":null,"abstract":"Laser speckle is a non-contact, non-interfering, non-destructive, rapid and controllable technique with a large area of coverage that has attracted much attention for surface analysis of materials. The emergence of different natural cellulosic materials as potential candidates for the replacement of synthetic ones is promising, but their sustainability from the point of view of material design is still in question. Machining of the surface of cellulosic components for making sound-dampening materials has a critical effect on determining their surface condition. Laser speckle is an emerging tool for surface analysis of a variety of materials, and it has important applications in material design and analysis. As a cutting-edge research tool, ultrasonic wave technology has maintained a significant contribution to the design and structural monitoring of composite materials. The present work uses date palm leaf fibers for composite reinforcement. The sound-dampening properties, such as sound absorption and transmission, were analyzed on the basis of surface roughness observed with the laser speckle technique and modified by ultrasonically blended surfactants. The surface roughness of the synthesized material was found to increase with sonication time with an <italic toggle=\"yes\">R</italic>\u0000<sup>2</sup> value of 0.944 and observed fluctuation in roughness data on the surface of the material. The sound absorption coefficient is 0.98 with a transmission loss of 60 dB, for which the material is classified as an ASTM E1050 Class A acoustic material. Further, the method of laser speckle-based roughness estimation is found to be potential tool for the design of any type of quieter material.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"2018 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec2
O F Kostenko
An extended Brunel model of hot electron generation in nonrelativistic laser-plasma interactions is considered. The model takes into account the permittivity of the surface plasma and the energy absorbed by electrons accelerated by the electric field components perpendicular and parallel to the target. A model for the generation of x-ray bremsstrahlung in the case of a Gaussian laser beam is presented. It is shown that the influence of electron motion parallel to the plasma surface on the absorbed intensity becomes distinguishable only at relatively low absolute values of the permittivity. Calculations of the dependences of the yield of hard bremsstrahlung x-rays on the angle of incidence of laser radiation and on the energy interval in which the yield of bremsstrahlung is measured are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data, if we assume that the electron concentration in the skin layer is relatively low (approximately 5–7 times the critical concentration).
研究考虑了非相对论激光-等离子体相互作用中热电子生成的扩展布鲁内尔模型。该模型考虑到了表面等离子体的介电常数以及被垂直和平行于目标的电场分量加速的电子所吸收的能量。提出了在高斯激光束情况下产生 X 射线轫致辐射的模型。结果表明，只有在介电常数绝对值相对较低的情况下，平行于等离子体表面的电子运动对吸收强度的影响才会变得明显。如果我们假定皮层中的电子浓度相对较低（约为临界浓度的 5-7 倍），那么硬轫致辐射 X 射线的产率与激光辐射入射角和测量轫致辐射产率的能量间隔的关系计算结果与实验数据基本一致。
{"title":"Simulation of x-ray bremsstrahlung generation under vacuum heating of solid target electrons","authors":"O F Kostenko","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0ec2","url":null,"abstract":"An extended Brunel model of hot electron generation in nonrelativistic laser-plasma interactions is considered. The model takes into account the permittivity of the surface plasma and the energy absorbed by electrons accelerated by the electric field components perpendicular and parallel to the target. A model for the generation of x-ray bremsstrahlung in the case of a Gaussian laser beam is presented. It is shown that the influence of electron motion parallel to the plasma surface on the absorbed intensity becomes distinguishable only at relatively low absolute values of the permittivity. Calculations of the dependences of the yield of hard bremsstrahlung x-rays on the angle of incidence of laser radiation and on the energy interval in which the yield of bremsstrahlung is measured are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data, if we assume that the electron concentration in the skin layer is relatively low (approximately 5–7 times the critical concentration).","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"2018 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad06a0
E Ali, S M Husein Kamona, T Kh Hussein, H A Abbas, F A Rasen, M S Alhassan, S M Hameed, D N Al-Saidi, A Alawadi, A Alsalamy
In this paper, we suggest a theoretical model for the exchange of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state of laser fields in a real cold atomic system for realization in an experimental setup. By using four-wave mixing (FWM) processes, we study the spatial dependence of the new weak generated signal light under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions when one of the laser lights becomes an optical vortex. We discuss the spatial dependence of FWM processes via experimental parameters for different conditions of the OAM of vortex light. We have found that the intensity and phase distributions of the new generated light depends strongly on the OAM number of the optical vortex light. Moreover, we investigate the absorption spectrum of the new generated signal light for different OAM of the optical vortex light. Our obtained results may have potential applications in quantum information science.
{"title":"A five-level cold atomic system for the orbital angular momentum exchange based on a four-wave mixing setup","authors":"E Ali, S M Husein Kamona, T Kh Hussein, H A Abbas, F A Rasen, M S Alhassan, S M Hameed, D N Al-Saidi, A Alawadi, A Alsalamy","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad06a0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad06a0","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we suggest a theoretical model for the exchange of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state of laser fields in a real cold atomic system for realization in an experimental setup. By using four-wave mixing (FWM) processes, we study the spatial dependence of the new weak generated signal light under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions when one of the laser lights becomes an optical vortex. We discuss the spatial dependence of FWM processes via experimental parameters for different conditions of the OAM of vortex light. We have found that the intensity and phase distributions of the new generated light depends strongly on the OAM number of the optical vortex light. Moreover, we investigate the absorption spectrum of the new generated signal light for different OAM of the optical vortex light. Our obtained results may have potential applications in quantum information science.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138685339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb4
Anshuman Nigam, Pradeep K Gupta, C P Singh, Bhuvnesh1, P K Mukhopadhyay, R Arya, S K Dixit
We study the influence of an external seed source on the startup of a fiber Mamyshev oscillator (MO). Depending on the seed source parameters, while keeping MO parameters fixed, we observe diverse mode-locked operations from the MO, generating stable single, double, triple and even up to a group of seven pulses. The probability of the occurrence of such mode-locked operations is studied. There can be different operating regimes in a particular multipulse operation. We find that there is an optimum spectral width of the seed source for which the probability of generating mode-locked stable train of single pulses from a fiber MO is maximum. Further, we find that the power of the seed source has less influence on the mode-locking state of the fiber MO; however, the probability of single or double pulse operation is relatively higher than that of multipulse operation at higher power of the seed source. These experimental observations will enrich the database of multipulse patterns and help in understanding pulse dynamics in the fiber MO. Suitably chosen seed source parameters can generate the desired pulse pattern. Such tailored outputs could have prospective applications in laser micromachining and high bit rate data transfer in optical networks.
我们研究了外部种子源对光纤马迈雪夫振荡器（MO）启动的影响。在保持 MO 参数不变的情况下，根据种子源参数的不同，我们可以观察到 MO 的各种锁模操作，产生稳定的单脉冲、双脉冲、三脉冲，甚至多达七组脉冲。我们研究了发生这种锁模操作的概率。在一个特定的多脉冲操作中，可能存在不同的工作状态。我们发现，存在一个种子源的最佳光谱宽度，在此宽度下，光纤 MO 产生锁模稳定的单脉冲序列的概率最大。此外，我们还发现，种子源的功率对光纤 MO 的锁模状态影响较小；然而，在种子源功率较高的情况下，单脉冲或双脉冲运行的概率相对高于多脉冲运行的概率。这些实验观察结果将丰富多脉冲模式数据库，并有助于理解光纤 MO 中的脉冲动态。适当选择种子源参数可以产生所需的脉冲模式。这种量身定制的输出可能会在激光微加工和光网络中的高比特率数据传输中得到应用。
{"title":"Multipulse operation in Mamyshev oscillator: influence of external seed source","authors":"Anshuman Nigam, Pradeep K Gupta, C P Singh, Bhuvnesh1, P K Mukhopadhyay, R Arya, S K Dixit","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb4","url":null,"abstract":"We study the influence of an external seed source on the startup of a fiber Mamyshev oscillator (MO). Depending on the seed source parameters, while keeping MO parameters fixed, we observe diverse mode-locked operations from the MO, generating stable single, double, triple and even up to a group of seven pulses. The probability of the occurrence of such mode-locked operations is studied. There can be different operating regimes in a particular multipulse operation. We find that there is an optimum spectral width of the seed source for which the probability of generating mode-locked stable train of single pulses from a fiber MO is maximum. Further, we find that the power of the seed source has less influence on the mode-locking state of the fiber MO; however, the probability of single or double pulse operation is relatively higher than that of multipulse operation at higher power of the seed source. These experimental observations will enrich the database of multipulse patterns and help in understanding pulse dynamics in the fiber MO. Suitably chosen seed source parameters can generate the desired pulse pattern. Such tailored outputs could have prospective applications in laser micromachining and high bit rate data transfer in optical networks.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"30 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb3
Lekha Mary John, K K Anoop
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a cutting-edge technique for the compositional analysis of multi-element materials. Under standard circumstances for laser-induced plasma (Te = 1 eV and Ne = 1016 cm−3), we simulated the emission spectrum of a binary alloy (with 70 wt.% Cu–30 wt.% Al). We used the Saha ionization equilibrium formulas to calculate the population of neutral and ionized species of each constituent element, and the Boltzmann distribution to estimate the intensities of emission lines with radiative transition probabilities. The Stark broadening equation is then used to determine the line broadening, yielding a Lorentzian profile for each line. The sum of line emissions of all constituent species will approximate the alloy’s LIBS spectra in an assumption of ideal analytical plasma. Then, we generated random errors in the intensities of spectral lines ranging from 5% to 35%. To investigate temperature estimation accuracy, we utilized three well-established approaches: the Boltzmann plot (BP) method, the Saha–Boltzmann plot (SBP) method, and the Multi-elemental SBP (MESBP) method. As intensity error increases from 5% to 35%, the estimated temperature in the BP method deviates from 0.25% to 18.3%. Whereas the intensity error is almost unaffected using the SBP method and the MESBP method. The temperature deviation is less than 2% in both situations. This study is relevant to calibration-free LIBS, in which the exact temperature determination is crucial for the abundance estimation of trace, major, and minor elements.
{"title":"Impact of intensity error on temperature estimation in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: a numerical study","authors":"Lekha Mary John, K K Anoop","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0cb3","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a cutting-edge technique for the compositional analysis of multi-element materials. Under standard circumstances for laser-induced plasma (<italic toggle=\"yes\">T</italic>\u0000<sub>e</sub> = 1 eV and <italic toggle=\"yes\">N</italic>\u0000<sub>e</sub> = 10<sup>16</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>), we simulated the emission spectrum of a binary alloy (with 70 wt.% Cu–30 wt.% Al). We used the Saha ionization equilibrium formulas to calculate the population of neutral and ionized species of each constituent element, and the Boltzmann distribution to estimate the intensities of emission lines with radiative transition probabilities. The Stark broadening equation is then used to determine the line broadening, yielding a Lorentzian profile for each line. The sum of line emissions of all constituent species will approximate the alloy’s LIBS spectra in an assumption of ideal analytical plasma. Then, we generated random errors in the intensities of spectral lines ranging from 5% to 35%. To investigate temperature estimation accuracy, we utilized three well-established approaches: the Boltzmann plot (BP) method, the Saha–Boltzmann plot (SBP) method, and the Multi-elemental SBP (MESBP) method. As intensity error increases from 5% to 35%, the estimated temperature in the BP method deviates from 0.25% to 18.3%. Whereas the intensity error is almost unaffected using the SBP method and the MESBP method. The temperature deviation is less than 2% in both situations. This study is relevant to calibration-free LIBS, in which the exact temperature determination is crucial for the abundance estimation of trace, major, and minor elements.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-23DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0a77
Zhenzhong Lu, Min Liu, Ce Feng, Jiannan Zhou
The Laguerre–Gaussian beam induced electric transition model is presented. The major mechanism of angular momentum exchange between the light and the atomic system is discussed. The influence of the topological charge on the transition probability and selection rules is obtained. Our results show that the Ca(4s2 1S0–4s3d 1D2) electric quadrupole transition selection rules are sensitive to the sign of l, and the center of mass transition selection rules are governed by the topological charge l of the light. The electric dipole transition is possible in a field with topological charge l > 0, and the quadrupole transition is no longer forbidden. The overall transition probability difference between dipole transition and quadrupole transition can be decreased by the joint action of the light angular momentum exchange with the external and the internal motion.
提出了拉盖尔-高斯光束诱导电转变模型。讨论了光与原子系统之间角动量交换的主要机制。得出了拓扑电荷对跃迁概率和选择规则的影响。结果表明，Ca(4s2 1S0-4s3d 1D2) 电四极转换选择规则对 l 的符号很敏感，而质心转换选择规则则受光的拓扑电荷 l 的支配。在拓扑电荷为 l > 0 的场中，电偶极子转换是可能的，而四极子转换不再被禁止。在光的角动量与外部运动和内部运动交换的共同作用下，偶极跃迁和四极跃迁之间的总体跃迁概率差可以减小。
{"title":"The vortex light induced electric dipole and electric quadru-pole transition in Ca atom","authors":"Zhenzhong Lu, Min Liu, Ce Feng, Jiannan Zhou","doi":"10.1088/1555-6611/ad0a77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ad0a77","url":null,"abstract":"The Laguerre–Gaussian beam induced electric transition model is presented. The major mechanism of angular momentum exchange between the light and the atomic system is discussed. The influence of the topological charge on the transition probability and selection rules is obtained. Our results show that the Ca(4s<sup>2 1</sup>S<sub>0</sub>–4s3d <sup>1</sup>D<sub>2</sub>) electric quadrupole transition selection rules are sensitive to the sign of <italic toggle=\"yes\">l</italic>, and the center of mass transition selection rules are governed by the topological charge <italic toggle=\"yes\">l</italic> of the light. The electric dipole transition is possible in a field with topological charge <italic toggle=\"yes\">l</italic> > 0, and the quadrupole transition is no longer forbidden. The overall transition probability difference between dipole transition and quadrupole transition can be decreased by the joint action of the light angular momentum exchange with the external and the internal motion.","PeriodicalId":17976,"journal":{"name":"Laser Physics","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1088/1555-6611/ad0a76
Xiao Yue-Yu, Lai Yan-Xiang, Yao Rui-Ming
A highly sensitive temperature sensor based on composite nested negative curvature hollow-core fiber is proposed. Three resonant tubes are nested inside the cladding tubes to induce a resonant coupling between the fundamental core mode and the dielectric mode of the nested resonant tube. Three glass-sheet conjoined nested tubes are introduced to suppress the comparatively low loss higher-order mode LP02. All the air-holes are filled with temperature-sensitive liquid of ethanol. As the temperature changes, the resonant dip in the transmission spectrum corresponding to the coupling will shift. Numerical simulation results indicate that the temperature sensitivity is 3.36 nm °C−1 in the range of 20 °C–40 °C. Since there is no need of any special post-processing, such as selective infiltration or material coating for the sensors proposed, the sensor provides a promising mechanism for the optical fiber temperature sensing.
本文提出了一种基于复合嵌套负曲率中空纤芯的高灵敏温度传感器。在包层管内嵌套了三个谐振管，以诱导基频纤芯模式与嵌套谐振管的介质模式之间的谐振耦合。还引入了三个玻璃片连接的嵌套管，以抑制损耗相对较低的高阶模式 LP02。所有气孔都充满了对温度敏感的乙醇液体。随着温度的变化，透射谱中与耦合相对应的共振倾角会发生移动。数值模拟结果表明，在 20 °C-40 °C 范围内，温度灵敏度为 3.36 nm °C-1。由于所提出的传感器不需要任何特殊的后处理，如选择性渗透或材料涂层，因此该传感器为光纤温度传感提供了一种前景广阔的机制。
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