The aim of this study is to assess the quality of stereoscopic vision in children of younger school age (n = 60) with regard to sports activities (handball, swimming), regularly performed by these children. In order to determine the level of stereopsis, the standardized test “Titmus stereo test” was used. At the same time, the initial history of sports-physical activities was carried out to receive more objective interpretation of the results. For the statistical processing of the gained data (Statistica 8.0), the nonparametric method Mann-Whitney U test was used. Other parameters were expressed by means of frequency, averages, and percentage representation in charts. The data were processed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The following values were calculated: Z = -1.97; p = 0.05. The observed data support our hypothesis that physical activity connected with a strong activation of visual and brain functions could affect the quality of individual elements of visual space depth perception, such as stereopsis or myopia. The median values of stereoscopic vision levels in handball players (9) and swimmers (7) are demonstrably given in favour of handball players. Handball players clearly dominate also in the frequency of excellent results achieved in the test of stereoscopic vision (values 9 and 10). On the basis of the statistical results, we can accept the determined hypothesis validated by the “Titmus stereo test” test of stereopsis, and we can state that the quality of stereopsis in handball players is higher than in swimmers.
{"title":"Spatial vision of swimmers and handball players at a younger school age","authors":"V. Salcman, J. Blecha","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.061","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to assess the quality of stereoscopic vision in children of younger school age (n = 60) with regard to sports activities (handball, swimming), regularly performed by these children. In order to determine the level of stereopsis, the standardized test “Titmus stereo test” was used. At the same time, the initial history of sports-physical activities was carried out to receive more objective interpretation of the results. For the statistical processing of the gained data (Statistica 8.0), the nonparametric method Mann-Whitney U test was used. Other parameters were expressed by means of frequency, averages, and percentage representation in charts. The data were processed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The following values were calculated: Z = -1.97; p = 0.05. The observed data support our hypothesis that physical activity connected with a strong activation of visual and brain functions could affect the quality of individual elements of visual space depth perception, such as stereopsis or myopia. The median values of stereoscopic vision levels in handball players (9) and swimmers (7) are demonstrably given in favour of handball players. Handball players clearly dominate also in the frequency of excellent results achieved in the test of stereoscopic vision (values 9 and 10). On the basis of the statistical results, we can accept the determined hypothesis validated by the “Titmus stereo test” test of stereopsis, and we can state that the quality of stereopsis in handball players is higher than in swimmers.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125815988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Female rally pace in tennis US Open","authors":"T. Kocib, J. Carboch, M. Petrskovský","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130172993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gymnastics for people with special needs","authors":"K. Doležalová, V. Novotná","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115036835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LC omega-3 fatty acids and possibilities of their increase in school catering","authors":"M. Pešek, J. Schuster, Z. Jedliński, J. Svobodová","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129630387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of heptathlon by the methods of hierarchical clustering","authors":"J. Broďáni, N. Dvořáčková - Kováčová, M. Czáková","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130050783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we address the issue of basic motor competencies in 6–8 year old children in the district of Nitra. One of the tasks of school physical and sports education is the development of basic motor competencies. The diagnosis of competencies is carried out through motor tests, which include tests of basic locomotions and tests of motor abilities and skills. The aim of the paper is to find out the current state of motor abilities and skills. We conducted the research at 4 primary schools in the Nitra district, where the sample consisted of 102 pupils (44 girls, mean age = 7,22 ± 0,68; 58 boys, mean age = 7,02 ± 0,65) attending the first year of primary school. We repeated the measurements at half-yearly intervals a total of three times. The basic method for data acquisition was the one of testing. We used the international standardized TGMD2 test battery, which includes 12 motor tests, 6 to determine the level of basic locomotions and 6 for motor skills. We processed the results in the statistical program JAMOVI. We found differences between boys and girls in individual tests using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. Differences within one group (boys, girls) during the three measurements were determined by a nonparametric test for dependent samples by the Wilcoxon t test. We determined the material significance using Cohen’s d (effect size). The results indicate a high initial level of basic locomotions in both groups and a low level of skills (lower in girls than in boys). In the third measurement we recorded increases in both groups, girls in the third measurement almost on the same level as boys. Empirical data were part of the research project: project EOP-5.2.2-17-2017-00035 „Comprehensive comparative analysis of the interaction of regular health support of physical activity, quality of life, motor skills and body composition among students in the Carpathian Basin in Hungarian-Romanian-Slovak cooperation“.
{"title":"Motor competences of 6-8 year old children in the Nitra district","authors":"N. Halmová, J. Šimonek","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.044","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address the issue of basic motor competencies in 6–8 year old children in the district of Nitra. One of the tasks of school physical and sports education is the development of basic motor competencies. The diagnosis of competencies is carried out through motor tests, which include tests of basic locomotions and tests of motor abilities and skills. The aim of the paper is to find out the current state of motor abilities and skills. We conducted the research at 4 primary schools in the Nitra district, where the sample consisted of 102 pupils (44 girls, mean age = 7,22 ± 0,68; 58 boys, mean age = 7,02 ± 0,65) attending the first year of primary school. We repeated the measurements at half-yearly intervals a total of three times. The basic method for data acquisition was the one of testing. We used the international standardized TGMD2 test battery, which includes 12 motor tests, 6 to determine the level of basic locomotions and 6 for motor skills. We processed the results in the statistical program JAMOVI. We found differences between boys and girls in individual tests using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. Differences within one group (boys, girls) during the three measurements were determined by a nonparametric test for dependent samples by the Wilcoxon t test. We determined the material significance using Cohen’s d (effect size). The results indicate a high initial level of basic locomotions in both groups and a low level of skills (lower in girls than in boys). In the third measurement we recorded increases in both groups, girls in the third measurement almost on the same level as boys. Empirical data were part of the research project: project EOP-5.2.2-17-2017-00035 „Comprehensive comparative analysis of the interaction of regular health support of physical activity, quality of life, motor skills and body composition among students in the Carpathian Basin in Hungarian-Romanian-Slovak cooperation“.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125416857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying the Principles of Social Responsibility in the Czech Sports Environment","authors":"V. Kunz","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125757308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functional condition of the shoulder joint in handball players","authors":"I. Hereitová, T. Nejdl","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132152291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This work is focused on the qualities of realized landing of the artistic gymnasts compared to the traceurs. Methods: Based on the expert evaluation of the data we had obtained during the measurement we used the basic statistical methods and LESS (Landing Error Scoring System) methodology to examine landing differences of both groups. Results: We found out that the landing technique of the artistic gymnasts was different from the traceurs. The results of the Mann Whitney test show that the differences in assessment of the landing technique are statistically significant at the level α = 0.05 (p = 0.04). Conclusions: According to the evaluation based on LESS methodology we can say that the artistic gymnasts have achieved better results. The results they have got reflect development, content and above all emphasis on the landing technique and its important part in the competitions.
{"title":"The differences in evaluation of the landing technique aimed at the traceurs and the artistic gymnasts","authors":"J. Chrudimský, R. Malíř, V. Tecl","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.046","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This work is focused on the qualities of realized landing of the artistic gymnasts compared to the traceurs. Methods: Based on the expert evaluation of the data we had obtained during the measurement we used the basic statistical methods and LESS (Landing Error Scoring System) methodology to examine landing differences of both groups. Results: We found out that the landing technique of the artistic gymnasts was different from the traceurs. The results of the Mann Whitney test show that the differences in assessment of the landing technique are statistically significant at the level α = 0.05 (p = 0.04). Conclusions: According to the evaluation based on LESS methodology we can say that the artistic gymnasts have achieved better results. The results they have got reflect development, content and above all emphasis on the landing technique and its important part in the competitions.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122069660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the work was to determine the effect of energy drink – Red Bull on the reaction time on the optical stimulus in men. The study group consisted of 10 people aged 25 to 30 years. The reaction time was measured with a reactometer with a measurement accuracy of 1 millisecond. After resting the reaction time averages for 337 ms, a 250 ml Red-Bull dose was administered, and subsequent measurement after 1 hour showed a reduction in the average reaction time to 325 ms (by 12 ms, 3.6 %). Measurements after two hours showed approximately the average same values 325 ms. After administration of 500 ml of Red Bull, the reaction time decreased from a average rest value of 336 ms to aa average value of 325 after one hour (a decrease of 11 ms, 3.3 %). After two hours of exposure to the stimulants in Red-Bull, the reaction time was again maintained the same level an average of 326 ms.
{"title":"The effect of energy drink with caffeine on the change of reaction time on an optical stimulus for men","authors":"V. Kukačka, J. Schuster, M. Bauerová","doi":"10.32725/sk.2020.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2020.049","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to determine the effect of energy drink – Red Bull on the reaction time on the optical stimulus in men. The study group consisted of 10 people aged 25 to 30 years. The reaction time was measured with a reactometer with a measurement accuracy of 1 millisecond. After resting the reaction time averages for 337 ms, a 250 ml Red-Bull dose was administered, and subsequent measurement after 1 hour showed a reduction in the average reaction time to 325 ms (by 12 ms, 3.6 %). Measurements after two hours showed approximately the average same values 325 ms. After administration of 500 ml of Red Bull, the reaction time decreased from a average rest value of 336 ms to aa average value of 325 after one hour (a decrease of 11 ms, 3.3 %). After two hours of exposure to the stimulants in Red-Bull, the reaction time was again maintained the same level an average of 326 ms.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129189031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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