{"title":"Názory adolescentů v Praze a blízkém okolí na realizované kurikulum v hodinách Tělesné výchovy","authors":"T. L. Polívka & Fialová","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133112439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of our study was to verify the relationship between the amount of muscle mass (MM), the rebound force (one-leg jump) and the speed of power output (1s power in the Wingate test), all measured on each leg separately. The study participants were players in the highest national youth football competition (n = 69, age = 16.0 ± 1.2 years, height = 178.8 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 70.8 ± 8.7 kg). The amount of MM was measured on the lower legs (LL), the height of reflection of the one-foot on the reflecting board and the one-second maximum power in the 30s Wingate test (WAnT). Dependency was sought through correlation analysis (p < 0.05). The differences in the amount of MM between limbs do not increase as a result of football training. A significant relationship was confirmed between the height of the jump and the maximum 1s power in WAnT (r = 0.294, p < 0.05), similarly between the amount of MM and the absolute power for individual limbs in WAnT (r = 0.829 for right LL and 0.798 for left LL, p < 0.01). There is no general relationship (when analysing the results on the two LL) between the reflecting force and the quantity of MM, nor is there a relationship between the quantity of MM and the maximum 1s power at the speed force load. The amount of MM does not affect the reflecting force or the speed of power in WAnT. This is an important factor in the choice of empowerment methods for adolescent footballers.
我们研究的目的是验证肌肉量(MM)，回弹力(单腿跳)和功率输出速度(Wingate测试中的15功率)之间的关系，所有这些都是在每条腿上分别测量的。研究对象为全国最高青少年足球比赛运动员69名，年龄16.0±1.2岁，身高178.8±6.4 cm，体重70.8±8.7 kg。测量下肢MM量(LL)、单脚在反射板上的反射高度和30s Wingate测试1秒最大功率(WAnT)。相关性分析寻找相关性(p < 0.05)。四肢之间MM量的差异不会因为足球训练而增加。跳高与跳高中最大1s功率之间存在显著相关(r = 0.294, p < 0.05)，跳高中MM量与单肢绝对功率之间存在相似关系(r = 0.829，左LL = 0.798, p < 0.01)。(在分析两个LL的结果时)反射力与MM的数量之间没有一般关系，MM的数量与速度力负载下的最大1s功率之间也没有关系。MM的大小不影响反射力或功率在WAnT中的速度。这是青少年足球运动员选择授权方法的一个重要因素。
{"title":"Muscle, strength and rebound asymmetry in young football players","authors":"P. Bahenský, P. Tlustý, D. Marko, L. Veithová","doi":"10.32725/sk.2022.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2022.001","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our study was to verify the relationship between the amount of muscle mass (MM), the rebound force (one-leg jump) and the speed of power output (1s power in the Wingate test), all measured on each leg separately. The study participants were players in the highest national youth football competition (n = 69, age = 16.0 ± 1.2 years, height = 178.8 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 70.8 ± 8.7 kg). The amount of MM was measured on the lower legs (LL), the height of reflection of the one-foot on the reflecting board and the one-second maximum power in the 30s Wingate test (WAnT). Dependency was sought through correlation analysis (p < 0.05). The differences in the amount of MM between limbs do not increase as a result of football training. A significant relationship was confirmed between the height of the jump and the maximum 1s power in WAnT (r = 0.294, p < 0.05), similarly between the amount of MM and the absolute power for individual limbs in WAnT (r = 0.829 for right LL and 0.798 for left LL, p < 0.01). There is no general relationship (when analysing the results on the two LL) between the reflecting force and the quantity of MM, nor is there a relationship between the quantity of MM and the maximum 1s power at the speed force load. The amount of MM does not affect the reflecting force or the speed of power in WAnT. This is an important factor in the choice of empowerment methods for adolescent footballers.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128509220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Český tělovýchovný a sportovní tisk v Českých Budějovicích od svých počátků do první poloviny 20. století","authors":"H. Pavličíková","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115559118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vzťah medzi jednotlivými disciplínami a športovým výkonom v triatlone","authors":"L. Odráška, H. K. Krč & Filipová","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of verbal instructions is a common tool to improve motor learning and performance. Current results show, that providing instructions that focus an athlete’s attention externally (directed at the movement effect), rather than internally (directed at the athlete ́s body movements), generally result in enhanced motor skill performance. This study provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature which examined the influence of verbal attentional focusing instructions in swimming. The aim of the study was to find out what kind of instructions are suitable for motor learning and swimming performance. Analysis has shown that most of the available studies are focused mainly on performance itself, not motor learning. Nevertheless, several studies have confirmed the hypothesis that externally directed instruction appears to have a more effective effect in general for competitive swimmers and also for non-competitive swimmers. Based on the results, it can also be concluded that instructions directed at driving forces (i.e. arm and leg movements) appear to have a more effective effect for performance, than instructions that lead to the correct body position or breathing. It is obvious that in comparison with other sports of a similar nature, in the field of swimming there is a need for further experiments focusing not only on performance but also on the whole process of motor learning.
{"title":"Effect of attentional focus in swimming","authors":"A. Křehký, P. Schlegel, A. Agricola","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.003","url":null,"abstract":"The use of verbal instructions is a common tool to improve motor learning and performance. Current results show, that providing instructions that focus an athlete’s attention externally (directed at the movement effect), rather than internally (directed at the athlete ́s body movements), generally result in enhanced motor skill performance. This study provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature which examined the influence of verbal attentional focusing instructions in swimming. The aim of the study was to find out what kind of instructions are suitable for motor learning and swimming performance. Analysis has shown that most of the available studies are focused mainly on performance itself, not motor learning. Nevertheless, several studies have confirmed the hypothesis that externally directed instruction appears to have a more effective effect in general for competitive swimmers and also for non-competitive swimmers. Based on the results, it can also be concluded that instructions directed at driving forces (i.e. arm and leg movements) appear to have a more effective effect for performance, than instructions that lead to the correct body position or breathing. It is obvious that in comparison with other sports of a similar nature, in the field of swimming there is a need for further experiments focusing not only on performance but also on the whole process of motor learning.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121466972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The history of the Catholic physical-educational organization Czechoslovak Orel in 1945-1948","authors":"T. Tlustý","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121470548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a part of the curriculum reform, new educational programmes were introduced. However, it has been fifteen years since the beginning of the reform and there is still lacking a feedback that would assess the level of the acquired curriculum of the Education for Health programme. The article thus concerns basic properties of such a tool. The tool was tested on 37 primary school graduates. The main output will consist in data on internal consistency, validity and objectivity of a didactic test. To calculate the internal consistency the Cronbach alpha coefficient was used. To ensure validity Rasch’s model for dichotomic items and item analysis was used. In the analysis, difficulty and sensitivity levels of individual test items were ascertained.
{"title":"Basic properties of the tool assessing the level of adopted curriculum Health education","authors":"T. Polívka, L. Fialova","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.004","url":null,"abstract":"As a part of the curriculum reform, new educational programmes were introduced. However, it has been fifteen years since the beginning of the reform and there is still lacking a feedback that would assess the level of the acquired curriculum of the Education for Health programme. The article thus concerns basic properties of such a tool. The tool was tested on 37 primary school graduates. The main output will consist in data on internal consistency, validity and objectivity of a didactic test. To calculate the internal consistency the Cronbach alpha coefficient was used. To ensure validity Rasch’s model for dichotomic items and item analysis was used. In the analysis, difficulty and sensitivity levels of individual test items were ascertained.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124435798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of the internal response of the organism to diagonal striding and double poling","authors":"A. Čechová, J. Suchy","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131685813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of selected match characteristics at lower level of the international tennis tournaments","authors":"J. Carboch, J. Šiman, M. Sklenarik","doi":"10.32725/sk.2021.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2021.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131331855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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