Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141830
L. Berbary, K. Lopez, Robyn Moran, Marcus T. Pereira, Becoming Coalition
ABSTRACT In I, Robot the phrase ‘ghosts in the machine’ referred to the unexpected possibility of artificial intelligence evolving past its original intended purpose. In this paper, we use the metaphor to conjure the possibility of us all evolving past those originally intended purposes, uses, and limitations set for us within colonialist academic institutions imbued with white supremacist logics. We call on each other to exceed those limitations, igniting possibilities otherwise by triggering spectral, subversive mis-repeats that agitate a domino-effect disruption of those billions of academic machines that for too long have been left on automatic status quo.
{"title":"Musings on becoming the ghost in the machine: writing into practice subversive academic relations towards care","authors":"L. Berbary, K. Lopez, Robyn Moran, Marcus T. Pereira, Becoming Coalition","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141830","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In I, Robot the phrase ‘ghosts in the machine’ referred to the unexpected possibility of artificial intelligence evolving past its original intended purpose. In this paper, we use the metaphor to conjure the possibility of us all evolving past those originally intended purposes, uses, and limitations set for us within colonialist academic institutions imbued with white supremacist logics. We call on each other to exceed those limitations, igniting possibilities otherwise by triggering spectral, subversive mis-repeats that agitate a domino-effect disruption of those billions of academic machines that for too long have been left on automatic status quo.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"172 1","pages":"49 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79469291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-08DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2152364
Dan Henhawk, F. Yuen, S. Barrick
For some time, we, the guest editors of this special issue (Simon Barrick, Dan Henhawk and Felice Yuen), along with many other leisure scholars have been engaged in discussions about struggle; struggles with research, struggles with one’s identity and of finding one’s place in academia, and struggles with the academy and the ways it is implicated in upholding a system of colonialism. As described by Sandy Grande (2004), colonialism is ‘a multidimensional force underwritten by Western Christianity, defined by white supremacy, and fueled by global capitalism’ (p. 19). The impetus to push forward this special issue of Leisure/Loisir stemmed from events surrounding the 16th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research (CCLR 16) held in May 2021. CCLR 16 was postponed from an in-person gathering to be held in Edmonton, Alberta, in May 2020, to a virtual gathering the following year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the uncertain nature of global events during that time, the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies board of directors aligned CCLR 16 with the Federation for Humanities and Social Sciences’ Congress 2021 – an annual opportunity for Canadian Humanities and Social Sciences scholarly associations to gather individually and collectively each spring. However, amid widespread criticism of the Federation’s (in)action toward systemic discrimination and anti-Black racism – led by organizations such as the Black Canadian Studies Association (2021)– the CCLR 16 organizing committee opted to leave the Federation, returning CCLR 16 to an independent conference.
一段时间以来，我们，本期特刊的特邀编辑(西蒙·巴里克、丹·亨霍克和菲利斯·袁)，以及许多其他休闲学者一直在讨论斗争;与研究作斗争，与自己的身份作斗争，与在学术界找到自己的位置作斗争，与学术界作斗争，与它与维护殖民主义制度有关的方式作斗争。正如Sandy Grande(2004)所描述的那样，殖民主义是“一种由西方基督教所支持的多维力量，由白人至上主义所定义，并由全球资本主义所推动”(第19页)。推动《Leisure/Loisir》特刊的动力源于2021年5月举行的第16届加拿大休闲研究大会(CCLR 16)。第16届会议原定于2020年5月在艾伯塔省埃德蒙顿举行现场会议，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，会议推迟到第二年举行虚拟会议。鉴于这段时间全球事件的不确定性，加拿大休闲研究协会董事会将CCLR 16与人文社会科学联合会2021年大会保持一致，这是加拿大人文社会科学学术协会每年春季单独或集体聚会的机会。然而，在诸如加拿大黑人研究协会(Black Canadian Studies Association)(2021年)等组织对联合会针对系统性歧视和反黑人种族主义的行动的广泛批评中，CCLR 16组委会选择离开联合会，将CCLR 16恢复为一个独立的会议。
{"title":"Engaging struggle: the deconstruction of the academy in leisure studies","authors":"Dan Henhawk, F. Yuen, S. Barrick","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2152364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2152364","url":null,"abstract":"For some time, we, the guest editors of this special issue (Simon Barrick, Dan Henhawk and Felice Yuen), along with many other leisure scholars have been engaged in discussions about struggle; struggles with research, struggles with one’s identity and of finding one’s place in academia, and struggles with the academy and the ways it is implicated in upholding a system of colonialism. As described by Sandy Grande (2004), colonialism is ‘a multidimensional force underwritten by Western Christianity, defined by white supremacy, and fueled by global capitalism’ (p. 19). The impetus to push forward this special issue of Leisure/Loisir stemmed from events surrounding the 16th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research (CCLR 16) held in May 2021. CCLR 16 was postponed from an in-person gathering to be held in Edmonton, Alberta, in May 2020, to a virtual gathering the following year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the uncertain nature of global events during that time, the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies board of directors aligned CCLR 16 with the Federation for Humanities and Social Sciences’ Congress 2021 – an annual opportunity for Canadian Humanities and Social Sciences scholarly associations to gather individually and collectively each spring. However, amid widespread criticism of the Federation’s (in)action toward systemic discrimination and anti-Black racism – led by organizations such as the Black Canadian Studies Association (2021)– the CCLR 16 organizing committee opted to leave the Federation, returning CCLR 16 to an independent conference.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"26 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91071621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141831
Lauren J. King, Kendra E. Fortin, Brendan Belanger, B. Grimwood, Łútsël K’e Dene First Nation
ABSTRACT This paper examines how land-based methodologies in parks and protected areas can serve Indigenous priorities while challenging settler colonial logics and conventional aims of Eurocentric research. We report on collaborative research with the Łutsël K’é Dene First Nation (Northwest Territories) as part of a six-year (2016–2021) international partnership project entitled Tracking Change. Focus is placed on a multi-day canoe journey along an ancestral water route within Thaidene Nene National Park Reserve. We interpret lessons learned during the canoe trip to underscore how land-based methodologies prioritize outcomes of observing change, storying land, and fostering community capacities. Accordingly, land-based methodologies focus less on accumulating knowledge or claiming truths, and more on facilitating and transmitting Indigenous knowledges, histories, relations, and practices. Incorporating land-based methodologies into parks and protected areas research can therefore amplify Indigenous contributions to management and interpretation discourses and support the critical project of decolonizing the leisure field.
本文探讨了公园和保护区中基于土地的方法如何在挑战定居者殖民逻辑和以欧洲为中心研究的传统目标的同时，为土著优先事项服务。我们报告与Łutsël K ' Dene第一民族(西北地区)的合作研究，作为为期六年(2016-2021)的国际伙伴关系项目的一部分，题为“跟踪变化”。重点是沿着Thaidene Nene国家公园保护区的祖传水路进行多日独木舟之旅。我们解释了在独木舟之旅中学到的经验教训，以强调基于陆地的方法如何优先考虑观察变化、描述土地和培养社区能力的结果。因此，基于土地的方法较少关注积累知识或主张真理，而更多地关注促进和传播土著知识、历史、关系和实践。因此，将基于土地的方法纳入公园和保护区的研究可以扩大土著对管理和解释话语的贡献，并支持休闲领域非殖民化的关键项目。
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Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141833
Mariela Fernandez, A. Pola, J. Rose, Brandon Harris
ABSTRACT Anti-racist storytelling serves as a mechanism to expose the power dynamics and structural racism embedded in U.S. society. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how anti-racist storytelling can be germane to challenging the status quo in academia that allows inequities to exist. First, we begin by sharing and debriefing stories that illustrate the difficulties that Latinxs face within academic spaces. Second, we discuss the role of allies. Finally, we present a story of faculty engaging in a dinner discussion, which highlights the issues of power, representation, and voice in who gets to share the stories of people of colour. Critical race theory (CRT) guided the development of these stories, and a short discussion on the framework is included.
{"title":"Antiracist storytelling: latinx graduate students and faculty experiences in academia","authors":"Mariela Fernandez, A. Pola, J. Rose, Brandon Harris","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141833","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Anti-racist storytelling serves as a mechanism to expose the power dynamics and structural racism embedded in U.S. society. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how anti-racist storytelling can be germane to challenging the status quo in academia that allows inequities to exist. First, we begin by sharing and debriefing stories that illustrate the difficulties that Latinxs face within academic spaces. Second, we discuss the role of allies. Finally, we present a story of faculty engaging in a dinner discussion, which highlights the issues of power, representation, and voice in who gets to share the stories of people of colour. Critical race theory (CRT) guided the development of these stories, and a short discussion on the framework is included.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"129 1","pages":"85 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76153273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-24DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141834
K. Lopez, J. Leighton, L. Berbary, M. M. Pirruccio
ABSTRACT We see relational mentorship as a move towards shared vulnerability, but also a relationship that is reciprocal, non-competitive, and non-authoritarian. We reflect on growth-spurring (and often uncomfortable) conversations about privilege, race, inaction, among other topics amidst social unrest and personal tensions with/in the systems in which we continue to be complicit. Through returning to cultural protocols, love, thinkacting, theorypracticing, and attentiveness to the affects of our full selves, we discuss the difficult and ‘sacred’ work of support one another’s goals, celebrate milestones, and above all else, prioritize well-being above our individual or academic achievements in a neoliberal institution. We focus this paper on: (1) locating relational mentorship amongst existing approaches, (2) articulating relational mentorship and our experiences of it in relation to ongoing socio-political events, and (3) the ways relational mentorship can serve as a critique-in-practice of long-standing academic performances.
{"title":"Relational mentorship for justice-oriented scholarship: space for care, reckoning, and supported discomfort","authors":"K. Lopez, J. Leighton, L. Berbary, M. M. Pirruccio","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141834","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We see relational mentorship as a move towards shared vulnerability, but also a relationship that is reciprocal, non-competitive, and non-authoritarian. We reflect on growth-spurring (and often uncomfortable) conversations about privilege, race, inaction, among other topics amidst social unrest and personal tensions with/in the systems in which we continue to be complicit. Through returning to cultural protocols, love, thinkacting, theorypracticing, and attentiveness to the affects of our full selves, we discuss the difficult and ‘sacred’ work of support one another’s goals, celebrate milestones, and above all else, prioritize well-being above our individual or academic achievements in a neoliberal institution. We focus this paper on: (1) locating relational mentorship amongst existing approaches, (2) articulating relational mentorship and our experiences of it in relation to ongoing socio-political events, and (3) the ways relational mentorship can serve as a critique-in-practice of long-standing academic performances.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"2017 1","pages":"67 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78823546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141837
K. Lopez, A. Sène-Harper
ABSTRACT This essay offers a reflection on the relevance of leisure amidst current social unrest and the ways in which scholars thinking through leisure can attend to discussions part of social movements and radical resistances. This paper interrogates the ways leisure is bound up in socio-political tension through its direct link to capitalism, labour, and reproduction of the status quo while, simultaneously, being part of the action needed to resist such harms, necessary for our analyses as leisure scholars. As we continue to reflect on TALS’s ‘New Leisure Studies’ panel (2021) and Mowatt’s sensibility in considering, ‘what is “leisure” in the midst of [this socio-political] landscape?, we feel that in these challenging times, more critical analysis, openness, connectedness, and creativity is required to reflect the nuanced and interconnected social dynamics of leisure more fully.
{"title":"Leisure research amid socio-political unrest: A reflection on struggle in turbulent times","authors":"K. Lopez, A. Sène-Harper","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141837","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay offers a reflection on the relevance of leisure amidst current social unrest and the ways in which scholars thinking through leisure can attend to discussions part of social movements and radical resistances. This paper interrogates the ways leisure is bound up in socio-political tension through its direct link to capitalism, labour, and reproduction of the status quo while, simultaneously, being part of the action needed to resist such harms, necessary for our analyses as leisure scholars. As we continue to reflect on TALS’s ‘New Leisure Studies’ panel (2021) and Mowatt’s sensibility in considering, ‘what is “leisure” in the midst of [this socio-political] landscape?, we feel that in these challenging times, more critical analysis, openness, connectedness, and creativity is required to reflect the nuanced and interconnected social dynamics of leisure more fully.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"42 1","pages":"7 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78103254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141835
Alayna Schmidt, C. Outley, C. Schultz
ABSTRACT Black feminist thought is produced by and for Black women, but could it be applied by – be the conceptual lens for – others? How do/should I position myself as a white woman doing Black feminist work? How do I de-centre myself, centre Black voices, and also use the power that my whiteness provides to do the type of social justice work Black feminist thought approaches demands? Here, I wrestle with the answers to these questions mainly through my ‘conversations’ with Black feminist intellectuals such as Collins (2000), Lorde (2007), Cooper (2018), and Kendall (2020). In this reflective piece, I explore six ‘lessons learned’ which emerged from the tensions/conflicts I encountered while doing this project in the confines of academia with the goal of considering how academics and practitioners can create knowledge in anti-racist ways.
{"title":"Can (or should) white women do Black feminist theory?: exploring tensions, contradictions, and intersectionalities while performing justice-focused research","authors":"Alayna Schmidt, C. Outley, C. Schultz","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141835","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Black feminist thought is produced by and for Black women, but could it be applied by – be the conceptual lens for – others? How do/should I position myself as a white woman doing Black feminist work? How do I de-centre myself, centre Black voices, and also use the power that my whiteness provides to do the type of social justice work Black feminist thought approaches demands? Here, I wrestle with the answers to these questions mainly through my ‘conversations’ with Black feminist intellectuals such as Collins (2000), Lorde (2007), Cooper (2018), and Kendall (2020). In this reflective piece, I explore six ‘lessons learned’ which emerged from the tensions/conflicts I encountered while doing this project in the confines of academia with the goal of considering how academics and practitioners can create knowledge in anti-racist ways.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"82 1","pages":"101 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79023630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141836
D. Peers, J. Joseph, Tricia McGuire-Adams, Lindsay Eales, N. V. Fawaz, Chen Chen, Evelyn Hamdon, B. Kingsley
ABSTRACT In this paper, members of the Re-creation Collective offer key methodological practices that nourish us and our work together. These include deep visiting, intersectional praxis, (re)visiting accessibility, and accountability revisited. This methodological sharing is not intended to be prescriptive: there is not one ‘recipe’ for doing this work. We offer an emergent collection of hows, rather than a predictable list of whats. Nor is this sharing intended to be descriptive of all of the methodological choices we have made. Rather, we intend this sharing as inscriptive: some of the most profound ways our processes have marked us; a way to leave traces of our learnings for others; an offering of approaches for carving out methodological spaces that are capacious and profound enough to bring our many selves into.
{"title":"We become gardens: intersectional methodologies for mutual flourishing","authors":"D. Peers, J. Joseph, Tricia McGuire-Adams, Lindsay Eales, N. V. Fawaz, Chen Chen, Evelyn Hamdon, B. Kingsley","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141836","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, members of the Re-creation Collective offer key methodological practices that nourish us and our work together. These include deep visiting, intersectional praxis, (re)visiting accessibility, and accountability revisited. This methodological sharing is not intended to be prescriptive: there is not one ‘recipe’ for doing this work. We offer an emergent collection of hows, rather than a predictable list of whats. Nor is this sharing intended to be descriptive of all of the methodological choices we have made. Rather, we intend this sharing as inscriptive: some of the most profound ways our processes have marked us; a way to leave traces of our learnings for others; an offering of approaches for carving out methodological spaces that are capacious and profound enough to bring our many selves into.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"56 1","pages":"27 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87481213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2141832
Jasmine Nijjar
ABSTRACT In times of uncertainty, one would seek the light at the end of the tunnel for clarity. By using Bayo Akomolafe’s metaphor of finding darkness as a literary placeholder, I weave my personal narratives with scholars who refuse colonial assemblages and challenge what has been brought to light. I write-through a time of being lost in the light and explain what it means to find, stay, and be in the darkness. This piece explains finding darkness as resistance to the colonial gaze and troubles the notion of self and visual representations of identity. It also means to embrace and stay hidden with displaced stories and inspire wonder as an incomplete and ongoing practice of wayfinding in the academy.
{"title":"Finding darkness: A metaphor for wayfinding in a precarious moment in the academy","authors":"Jasmine Nijjar","doi":"10.1080/14927713.2022.2141832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2022.2141832","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In times of uncertainty, one would seek the light at the end of the tunnel for clarity. By using Bayo Akomolafe’s metaphor of finding darkness as a literary placeholder, I weave my personal narratives with scholars who refuse colonial assemblages and challenge what has been brought to light. I write-through a time of being lost in the light and explain what it means to find, stay, and be in the darkness. This piece explains finding darkness as resistance to the colonial gaze and troubles the notion of self and visual representations of identity. It also means to embrace and stay hidden with displaced stories and inspire wonder as an incomplete and ongoing practice of wayfinding in the academy.","PeriodicalId":18056,"journal":{"name":"Leisure/Loisir","volume":"32 1","pages":"145 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87354588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.1080/14927713.2022.2118817
Caroline Bertarelli Bibbó, Maria Cristina Rosa
ABSTRACT Ouro Preto, a city known worldwide for its baroque architecture, had its status as the capital of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, threatened by republican ideals that aimed at progress and modernization, fighting colonial characteristics and values. Aiming to adjust and try to sustain its position, it implemented improvements with interventions from urban perimeter to habits. This paper examines how entertainments gained attention from local governments in the midst of modernization attempts, between 1870 and 1900. Documentary research was carried out at the Arquivo Público Municipal de Ouro Preto (Ouro Preto Municipal Public Archive), prioritizing municipal sources. Shows of varied natures, as dramatic, equestrian and bullfights, were held in different spaces, with those happening in closed places, especially in the theatre, being privileged regarding open shows, considered barbaric and uncivilized. Among the actions, there were even projects to build new theatres in the city. The shows were income providers for the Câmara Municipal (City Council), behaviour influencers, and thermometers of civility and local progress.
欧鲁普雷图是一座以巴洛克风格建筑闻名世界的城市，作为巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州的首府，它的地位受到旨在进步和现代化、反对殖民特征和价值观的共和理想的威胁。为了调整并努力维持其地位，它实施了从城市周边到习惯的干预措施。本文考察了在1870年至1900年的现代化进程中，娱乐是如何获得地方政府的关注的。文献研究在Arquivo Público Municipal de Ouro Preto (Ouro Preto市政公共档案馆)进行，优先考虑市政资源。各种性质的表演，如戏剧、马术和斗牛，在不同的空间举行，而那些在封闭的地方举行的表演，特别是在剧院里，被认为是野蛮和不文明的公开表演。在这些行动中，甚至有在该市建造新剧院的项目。这些节目是马拉市议会(市议会)的收入来源，行为影响者，以及文明和地方进步的温度计。
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