Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000263
Ian D. Medeiros, F. Lutzoni
Abstract Additions and corrections are provided for the South African species of Graphidaceae tribe Graphideae with hyaline ascospores. Allographa oldayana I. Medeiros sp. nov. is described as new to science based on morphological, chemical and molecular data. The new species is characterized by lirellae with striate labia and a complete thalline margin, a completely carbonized excipulum, large, muriform ascospores, and the presence of hirtifructic acid. Allographa consanguinea (Müll. Arg.) Lücking, A. leptospora (Vain.) Lücking & Kalb, Diorygma aff. minisporum Kalb et al., Graphis crebra Vain., Gr. dupaxana Vain., Gr. furcata Fée, Gr. handelii Zahlbr., Gr. longula Kremp., Gr. pinicola Zahlbr., Gr. proserpens Vain, Gr. subhiascens (Müll. Arg.) Lücking and Platythecium sp. are reported as new records for South Africa. Allographa striatula (Ach.) Lücking & Kalb, Graphis analoga Nyl. and Gr. scripta (L.) Ach. are shown to be misapplied names that should be removed from the South African checklist. The new combination Mangoldia bylii (Vain.) I. Medeiros comb. nov. (bas. Graphis bylii Vain) is made; this represents an earlier name for M. atronitens (A. W. Archer) Lücking et al. Taxonomic notes are provided for Graphis bylii var. lividula Vain. and Gr. denudans Vain., species that are known only from their South African holotypes. Phylogenetic analyses that include new DNA sequence data from the nrLSU, mtSSU and RPB2 loci confirm the generic placements of several species for which molecular data were lacking: Allographa consanguinea, Glyphis atrofusca (Müll. Arg.) Lücking, Graphis crebra and Gr. subhiascens.
摘要对石墨科石墨科部落石墨科南非种的透明子囊孢子进行了补充和修正。根据形态学、化学和分子数据，将其描述为科学上的新物种。新种的特点是唇有条纹，唇缘完全呈菌体状，外皮完全碳化，子囊孢子大而多形，含有三果酸。同种异体同源词(英文)参数)。A. leptospora(徒然)l cking & Kalb, Diorygma affum Kalb等人，Graphis crebra Vain。杜普萨纳·范恩博士。福尔卡塔·菲萨伊，汉德利·扎尔布尔。格朗古拉·克伦普。皮尼科拉·扎尔布尔博士。; Gr. proserpens; Gr. subhiascens;参数)。据报道，在南非发现了新记录的l和Platythecium sp.。异位纹状体(亚种)lcking & Kalb, Graphis analoga Nyl。和Gr. scripta (L.)课时。被证明是误用的名字，应该从南非的清单中删除。新组合Mangoldia bylii(虚荣)1 . Medeiros梳子。11月(bas)。图表由(虚荣)制成;这代表了M. atronitens (A. W. Archer) lcking等人的早期名称。提供了葡萄属植物的分类说明。和g.d udans徒然。这些物种只有在南非才知道。系统发育分析包括来自nrLSU、mtSSU和RPB2基因座的新DNA序列数据，证实了几个缺乏分子数据的物种的属位:Allographa consanguinea, Glyphis atrofusca (m)。参数)。lcking, Graphis crebra和Gr. subhiascens。
{"title":"Contribution to a modern treatment of Graphidaceae biodiversity in South Africa: genera of tribe Graphideae with hyaline ascospores","authors":"Ian D. Medeiros, F. Lutzoni","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000263","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Additions and corrections are provided for the South African species of Graphidaceae tribe Graphideae with hyaline ascospores. Allographa oldayana I. Medeiros sp. nov. is described as new to science based on morphological, chemical and molecular data. The new species is characterized by lirellae with striate labia and a complete thalline margin, a completely carbonized excipulum, large, muriform ascospores, and the presence of hirtifructic acid. Allographa consanguinea (Müll. Arg.) Lücking, A. leptospora (Vain.) Lücking & Kalb, Diorygma aff. minisporum Kalb et al., Graphis crebra Vain., Gr. dupaxana Vain., Gr. furcata Fée, Gr. handelii Zahlbr., Gr. longula Kremp., Gr. pinicola Zahlbr., Gr. proserpens Vain, Gr. subhiascens (Müll. Arg.) Lücking and Platythecium sp. are reported as new records for South Africa. Allographa striatula (Ach.) Lücking & Kalb, Graphis analoga Nyl. and Gr. scripta (L.) Ach. are shown to be misapplied names that should be removed from the South African checklist. The new combination Mangoldia bylii (Vain.) I. Medeiros comb. nov. (bas. Graphis bylii Vain) is made; this represents an earlier name for M. atronitens (A. W. Archer) Lücking et al. Taxonomic notes are provided for Graphis bylii var. lividula Vain. and Gr. denudans Vain., species that are known only from their South African holotypes. Phylogenetic analyses that include new DNA sequence data from the nrLSU, mtSSU and RPB2 loci confirm the generic placements of several species for which molecular data were lacking: Allographa consanguinea, Glyphis atrofusca (Müll. Arg.) Lücking, Graphis crebra and Gr. subhiascens.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000184
Ulla Kaasalainen, Lea Biermann, N. Mollel, A. Schmidt, A. Hemp
Abstract Tropical mountain forests are hotspots of biodiversity that are widely threatened by human population pressure and climate change. However, the cryptogamic species richness of many tropical mountain regions is insufficiently known, the poorly understood biodiversity of tropical African lichens being a prime example. To study the diversity of the genus Peltigera (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes) in East Africa, we studied lichens in a wide range of habitats on the slopes of Mt Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Ranging from savannah to alpine heath vegetation and from natural forests to agricultural environments, 13 habitat types were sampled for lichens, which were then identified based on the nuITS genetic marker and morphology. We found eight Peltigera species on the slopes of Mt Kilimanjaro, including P. alkalicola sp. nov., P. dolichorhiza, P. polydactyloides, P. praetextata, P. rufescentiformis, P. seneca, P. sorediifera and P. ulcerata. Peltigera is most common and species-rich in the subalpine Erica forest zone, and four of the eight detected species were present only in the subalpine and alpine vegetation zones. Peltigera alkalicola was identified as a previously undescribed species, growing on trachybasaltic lava in the subalpine and alpine zones of Mt Kilimanjaro. The species resembles P. lepidophora but differs by possessing smaller thalli and peltate isidia that are distinctly dark on the lighter, tomentose lamina. Based on data from the NCBI GenBank, P. alkalicola probably also occurs in Alaska (USA) and Ningxia (China). This suggests that even though the species might generally be rare, it may have a global distribution in extreme mountain environments. For the first time, we report P. sorediifera from Tanzania and P. seneca from Africa.
{"title":"Peltigera (Lecanoromycetes) on Mt Kilimanjaro, East Africa","authors":"Ulla Kaasalainen, Lea Biermann, N. Mollel, A. Schmidt, A. Hemp","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000184","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tropical mountain forests are hotspots of biodiversity that are widely threatened by human population pressure and climate change. However, the cryptogamic species richness of many tropical mountain regions is insufficiently known, the poorly understood biodiversity of tropical African lichens being a prime example. To study the diversity of the genus Peltigera (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes) in East Africa, we studied lichens in a wide range of habitats on the slopes of Mt Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Ranging from savannah to alpine heath vegetation and from natural forests to agricultural environments, 13 habitat types were sampled for lichens, which were then identified based on the nuITS genetic marker and morphology. We found eight Peltigera species on the slopes of Mt Kilimanjaro, including P. alkalicola sp. nov., P. dolichorhiza, P. polydactyloides, P. praetextata, P. rufescentiformis, P. seneca, P. sorediifera and P. ulcerata. Peltigera is most common and species-rich in the subalpine Erica forest zone, and four of the eight detected species were present only in the subalpine and alpine vegetation zones. Peltigera alkalicola was identified as a previously undescribed species, growing on trachybasaltic lava in the subalpine and alpine zones of Mt Kilimanjaro. The species resembles P. lepidophora but differs by possessing smaller thalli and peltate isidia that are distinctly dark on the lighter, tomentose lamina. Based on data from the NCBI GenBank, P. alkalicola probably also occurs in Alaska (USA) and Ningxia (China). This suggests that even though the species might generally be rare, it may have a global distribution in extreme mountain environments. For the first time, we report P. sorediifera from Tanzania and P. seneca from Africa.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47351908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000299
E. Farkas, Arthur M. Muhoro
Abstract Of the c. 900 lichen species known from Kenya, 178 belong to the parmelioid clade. Several of these parmelioid taxa require further revisionary studies. An identification key to the species of the parmelioid clade, based on updated nomenclature, is produced to support the practical work in collecting and selecting certain parmelioid lichens for further research. A new combination Parmotrema nyasense (C. W. Dodge) R. S. Egan comb. nov. in Egan et al., Bibliotheca Lichenologica 110, 383 (2016) is published here by R. S. Egan.
{"title":"Identification key to the lichen species of the parmelioid clade in Kenya","authors":"E. Farkas, Arthur M. Muhoro","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000299","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Of the c. 900 lichen species known from Kenya, 178 belong to the parmelioid clade. Several of these parmelioid taxa require further revisionary studies. An identification key to the species of the parmelioid clade, based on updated nomenclature, is produced to support the practical work in collecting and selecting certain parmelioid lichens for further research. A new combination Parmotrema nyasense (C. W. Dodge) R. S. Egan comb. nov. in Egan et al., Bibliotheca Lichenologica 110, 383 (2016) is published here by R. S. Egan.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000214
K.G.W. Mkhize, F. Minibayeva, R. Beckett
Abstract Photosynthetic organisms have evolved a great variety of mechanisms to optimize their use of sunlight. Some of the clearest examples of adaptations can be seen by comparing photosynthesis in different species and in different individuals of the same species that grow under high and low light levels. While the adaptations of sun and shade higher plants have been relatively well studied, much less information is available on the photobionts of lichenized Ascomycetes. An important adaptation that can protect photosynthetic organisms from the potentially harmful effects of excess light is non-photochemical quenching (NPQ); NPQ can dissipate unused light energy as heat. Here we used chlorophyll fluorescence to compare the induction and relaxation of NPQ and the induction of electron transport (rETR) in collections of the same lichen species from exposed and from more shaded locations. All species have trebouxioid photobionts and normally grow in more exposed microhabitats but can also be readily collected from more shaded locations. Shade forms display generally higher NPQ, presumably to protect lichens from occasional rapid increases in light that occur during sunflecks. Furthermore, the NPQ of shade forms relaxes quickly when light levels are reduced, presumably to ensure efficient photosynthesis after a sunfleck has passed. The maximal relative electron transport rate is lower in shade than sun collections, probably reflecting a downregulation of photosynthetic capacity to reduce energy costs. We also compared collections of pale and melanized thalli from three species of shade lichens with Symbiochloris as their photobiont. Interestingly, NPQ in melanized thalli from slightly more exposed microhabitats induced and relaxed in a way that resembled shade rather than sun forms of the trebouxioid lichens. This might suggest that in some locations melanization induced during a temporary period of high light may be excessive and could potentially reduce photosynthesis later in the growing season. Taken together, the results suggest that lichen photobionts can flexibly adjust the amount and type of NPQ, and their levels of rETR in response to light availability.
{"title":"Adaptions of photosynthesis in sun and shade in populations of some Afromontane lichens","authors":"K.G.W. Mkhize, F. Minibayeva, R. Beckett","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000214","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Photosynthetic organisms have evolved a great variety of mechanisms to optimize their use of sunlight. Some of the clearest examples of adaptations can be seen by comparing photosynthesis in different species and in different individuals of the same species that grow under high and low light levels. While the adaptations of sun and shade higher plants have been relatively well studied, much less information is available on the photobionts of lichenized Ascomycetes. An important adaptation that can protect photosynthetic organisms from the potentially harmful effects of excess light is non-photochemical quenching (NPQ); NPQ can dissipate unused light energy as heat. Here we used chlorophyll fluorescence to compare the induction and relaxation of NPQ and the induction of electron transport (rETR) in collections of the same lichen species from exposed and from more shaded locations. All species have trebouxioid photobionts and normally grow in more exposed microhabitats but can also be readily collected from more shaded locations. Shade forms display generally higher NPQ, presumably to protect lichens from occasional rapid increases in light that occur during sunflecks. Furthermore, the NPQ of shade forms relaxes quickly when light levels are reduced, presumably to ensure efficient photosynthesis after a sunfleck has passed. The maximal relative electron transport rate is lower in shade than sun collections, probably reflecting a downregulation of photosynthetic capacity to reduce energy costs. We also compared collections of pale and melanized thalli from three species of shade lichens with Symbiochloris as their photobiont. Interestingly, NPQ in melanized thalli from slightly more exposed microhabitats induced and relaxed in a way that resembled shade rather than sun forms of the trebouxioid lichens. This might suggest that in some locations melanization induced during a temporary period of high light may be excessive and could potentially reduce photosynthesis later in the growing season. Taken together, the results suggest that lichen photobionts can flexibly adjust the amount and type of NPQ, and their levels of rETR in response to light availability.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43627020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000305
Nuru N. Kitara, P. Munishi, C. Scheidegger
Abstract In this study, we sampled L. pulmonaria thalli from Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru, Tanzania. Across all sampled tree species, a range of 1–35 thalli of L. pulmonaria were counted per trunk (up to 5 m above ground level), with sampling distributed across 13 (c. 1 ha) plots located in the sub-alpine to montane forest altitudinal gradients of Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru. Descriptive analyses were performed to determine the association of L. pulmonaria with particular host trees among the study sites and regions, and linear mixed effects models (LMM) were used to explore relationships with tree-level variables. The analyses showed that most thalli of L. pulmonaria were unevenly distributed among the tree species in the montane and sub-alpine forests of Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru. Host tree characteristics such as trunk circumference, height on trunk, bark texture and trunk shape appeared to have an effect on the local population size of L. pulmonaria and the frequency of occurrence. Also, the results indicated an effect of trunk circumference and tree bark on the development of L. pulmonaria thallus size among the study sites. Furthermore, host tree species, for example, Hypericum revolutum and Rapenea melanophloeos were important habitats for L. pulmonaria on both mountains, whereas Ilex mitis, Bersama abyssinica and Hagenia abyssinica were important only on one mountain. The wider literature on L. pulmonaria ecology is also reviewed and it is therefore recommended that for successful conservation of the threatened L. pulmonaria in tropical montane forests, strategies should consider the type of the forests, together with the host tree species and their size.
{"title":"Distribution of Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. in Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru forests: altitudinal range and specificity to substratum tree species","authors":"Nuru N. Kitara, P. Munishi, C. Scheidegger","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000305","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, we sampled L. pulmonaria thalli from Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru, Tanzania. Across all sampled tree species, a range of 1–35 thalli of L. pulmonaria were counted per trunk (up to 5 m above ground level), with sampling distributed across 13 (c. 1 ha) plots located in the sub-alpine to montane forest altitudinal gradients of Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru. Descriptive analyses were performed to determine the association of L. pulmonaria with particular host trees among the study sites and regions, and linear mixed effects models (LMM) were used to explore relationships with tree-level variables. The analyses showed that most thalli of L. pulmonaria were unevenly distributed among the tree species in the montane and sub-alpine forests of Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt Meru. Host tree characteristics such as trunk circumference, height on trunk, bark texture and trunk shape appeared to have an effect on the local population size of L. pulmonaria and the frequency of occurrence. Also, the results indicated an effect of trunk circumference and tree bark on the development of L. pulmonaria thallus size among the study sites. Furthermore, host tree species, for example, Hypericum revolutum and Rapenea melanophloeos were important habitats for L. pulmonaria on both mountains, whereas Ilex mitis, Bersama abyssinica and Hagenia abyssinica were important only on one mountain. The wider literature on L. pulmonaria ecology is also reviewed and it is therefore recommended that for successful conservation of the threatened L. pulmonaria in tropical montane forests, strategies should consider the type of the forests, together with the host tree species and their size.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45303058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000238
M. R. Nadel, P. Clerc
Abstract An investigation of the genus Usnea, in the biodiversity hotspot of the Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe in tropical West Africa, is presented here. Fifteen species, or species aggregates, were recorded for the islands: Usnea articulata aggr., Usnea baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea beckeri P. Clerc & Nadel, Usnea bicolorata Motyka, Usnea erinacea aggr., Usnea exasperata (Müll. Arg.) Motyka, Usnea firmula (Stirt.) Motyka, Usnea krogiana P. Clerc, Usnea longiciliata P. Clerc & Nadel, Usnea nodulosa Swinscow & Krog, Usnea pectinata aggr., Usnea sorediosula Motyka, Usnea submollis J. Steiner, and two undetermined species. Two species of lichen are described as new to science: U. beckeri and U. longiciliata. Both species are characterized by a dense and brittle, dark green thallus, the presence of apothecia surrounded by long cilia-like fibrils, a lack of soredia, and the presence of two unknown substances; however, whereas U. beckeri has a pendant growth form and can reach 25 cm in length, U. longiciliata is differentiated by a shrubby growth form of less than 6 cm. These two species also have different ascospore dimensions. A molecular phylogenetic analysis is presented that lends support to their description as new species. Additionally, Usnea krogiana is noted as new to continental Africa and nine Usnea species or aggregates are noted as new to the Islands of São Tomé and Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea.
摘要对西非热带地区 o tom共和国和Príncipe生物多样性热点地区的Usnea属植物进行了调查。在岛屿上记录到15种或物种聚集体:Usnea articulata aggr;(美国)Zahlbr。， Usnea beckeri P. Clerc & Nadel, Usnea bicolorata Motyka, Usnea erinacea aggr。[美];[美];参数)。莫提卡，Usnea firmula (Stirt)Motyka, Usnea krogiana P. Clerc, Usnea longiciliata P. Clerc & Nadel, Usnea nodulosa Swinscow & Krog, Usnea pectinata aggr。， Usnea sorediosula Motyka, Usnea submollis J. Steiner和2个未定种。两种地衣被描述为科学上的新物种:贝氏衣和长毛衣。这两种植物的特点都是:浓密而脆的深绿色菌体，被长长的纤毛状原纤维包围的药囊，缺乏胚芽，以及两种未知物质的存在;然而，贝氏菌的生长形态为垂状，长度可达25 cm，而长毛菌的生长形态为灌木状，长度小于6 cm。这两个物种也有不同的子囊孢子尺寸。分子系统发育分析提供了支持它们作为新物种的描述。此外，在非洲大陆被认为是新发现的Usnea krogiana，在几内亚湾的s o tom岛和Príncipe岛被认为是新发现的9个Usnea物种或聚集体。
{"title":"Notes on the genus Usnea Adans. (lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) from the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe in tropical West Africa","authors":"M. R. Nadel, P. Clerc","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000238","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An investigation of the genus Usnea, in the biodiversity hotspot of the Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe in tropical West Africa, is presented here. Fifteen species, or species aggregates, were recorded for the islands: Usnea articulata aggr., Usnea baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea beckeri P. Clerc & Nadel, Usnea bicolorata Motyka, Usnea erinacea aggr., Usnea exasperata (Müll. Arg.) Motyka, Usnea firmula (Stirt.) Motyka, Usnea krogiana P. Clerc, Usnea longiciliata P. Clerc & Nadel, Usnea nodulosa Swinscow & Krog, Usnea pectinata aggr., Usnea sorediosula Motyka, Usnea submollis J. Steiner, and two undetermined species. Two species of lichen are described as new to science: U. beckeri and U. longiciliata. Both species are characterized by a dense and brittle, dark green thallus, the presence of apothecia surrounded by long cilia-like fibrils, a lack of soredia, and the presence of two unknown substances; however, whereas U. beckeri has a pendant growth form and can reach 25 cm in length, U. longiciliata is differentiated by a shrubby growth form of less than 6 cm. These two species also have different ascospore dimensions. A molecular phylogenetic analysis is presented that lends support to their description as new species. Additionally, Usnea krogiana is noted as new to continental Africa and nine Usnea species or aggregates are noted as new to the Islands of São Tomé and Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45013091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000287
A. Aptroot
{"title":"Foliicolous lichens and their lichenicolous fungi in Macaronesia and Atlantic Europe By Pieter PG van den Boom. 2021. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 111. Pp 197, 101 figures. Page size 14 × 21cm, weight 410 g. ISBN 978-3-443-58090-2. Paperback. Price: €89.00.","authors":"A. Aptroot","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49463764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000135
P. Kirika, H. Lumbsch, Elisa Garrido Huéscar, T. S. Quedensley, P. Divakar
Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that species boundaries among the lichen-forming fungi are in need of revision with the discovery of cryptic species in numerous clades, especially in parmelioid lichens. Here we focus on addressing the species boundaries in Canoparmelia texana, a sorediate species with a pantropical distribution that extends into temperate regions. We extracted DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), large subunit (nuLSU) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) from samples mostly collected in Kenya, and analyzed them in a phylogenetic framework. We illustrate that our samples of the species as currently circumscribed do not form a monophyletic group but fall into two distinct clades, with the apotheciate C. nairobiensis nested within. Both of the discovered lineages have a wide distributional range and are common in Kenya, and Parmelia albaniensis C. W. Dodge is resurrected to accommodate one of the clades; consequently a new combination, Canoparmelia albaniensis (C. W. Dodge) Divakar & Kirika comb. nov., is proposed.
摘要近年来的研究表明，地衣形成真菌之间的物种边界需要修正，因为在许多分支中发现了隐种，特别是在parmelioid地衣中。在这里，我们重点讨论了德克萨斯州Canoparmelia texana的物种边界，Canoparmelia texana是一个泛热带分布延伸到温带地区的准物种。我们从主要采集于肯尼亚的样本中提取了核糖体内部转录间隔区(ITS)、大亚基(nuLSU)和线粒体小亚基(mtSSU)的DNA序列，并在系统发育框架中进行了分析。我们说明，我们的物种样本，目前限定不形成一个单系组，但落入两个不同的分支，与靠近的C.内罗毕嵌套。这两个被发现的谱系都有广泛的分布范围，在肯尼亚很常见，并且Parmelia albaniensis C. W. Dodge被复活以容纳其中一个分支;因此一个新的组合，Canoparmelia albaniensis (C. W. Dodge) Divakar & Kirika comb。建议11月11日。
{"title":"Canoparmelia texana (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) consists of two independent lineages","authors":"P. Kirika, H. Lumbsch, Elisa Garrido Huéscar, T. S. Quedensley, P. Divakar","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that species boundaries among the lichen-forming fungi are in need of revision with the discovery of cryptic species in numerous clades, especially in parmelioid lichens. Here we focus on addressing the species boundaries in Canoparmelia texana, a sorediate species with a pantropical distribution that extends into temperate regions. We extracted DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), large subunit (nuLSU) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) from samples mostly collected in Kenya, and analyzed them in a phylogenetic framework. We illustrate that our samples of the species as currently circumscribed do not form a monophyletic group but fall into two distinct clades, with the apotheciate C. nairobiensis nested within. Both of the discovered lineages have a wide distributional range and are common in Kenya, and Parmelia albaniensis C. W. Dodge is resurrected to accommodate one of the clades; consequently a new combination, Canoparmelia albaniensis (C. W. Dodge) Divakar & Kirika comb. nov., is proposed.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41978073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000147
Ayoub Stelate, Ruth Del-Prado, David Alors, H. Tahiri, P. Divakar, A. Crespo
Abstract The widespread species Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy and Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.) M. Choisy are mainly distinguished by their reproductive strategies. While P. crinitum propagates by isidia, P. perlatum produces soredia. In this study, we aim to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship between both species and to critically examine their species boundaries. To this purpose, 46 samples belonging to P. crinitum and P. perlatum were used in our analysis, including 22 for which we studied the morphology and chemistry, before extracting their DNA. We used 35 sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) of Parmotrema perlatum from Europe and Africa (20 of which were newly generated), and 11 of Parmotrema crinitum from Europe, North America and North Africa (two newly generated). Additionally, 28 sequences of several species from Parmotrema were included in the ITS dataset. The ITS data matrix was analyzed using different approaches, such as traditional phylogeny (maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses), genetic distances, automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) and the coalescent-based method poisson tree processes (PTP), in order to test congruence among results. Our results indicate that all samples referred to P. crinitum and P. perlatum nested in a well-supported monophyletic clade, but phylogenetic relationships among them remain unresolved. Delimitations inferred from PTP, ABGD and genetic distance analyses were comparable and suggested that P. crinitum and P. perlatum belong to the same lineage. Interestingly, two samples of P. perlatum separate in a different monophyletic clade, which is supported as a different lineage by all the analyses.
{"title":"Resolving the phylogenetic relationship between Parmotrema crinitum and Parmotrema perlatum populations","authors":"Ayoub Stelate, Ruth Del-Prado, David Alors, H. Tahiri, P. Divakar, A. Crespo","doi":"10.1017/S0024282922000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282922000147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The widespread species Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy and Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.) M. Choisy are mainly distinguished by their reproductive strategies. While P. crinitum propagates by isidia, P. perlatum produces soredia. In this study, we aim to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship between both species and to critically examine their species boundaries. To this purpose, 46 samples belonging to P. crinitum and P. perlatum were used in our analysis, including 22 for which we studied the morphology and chemistry, before extracting their DNA. We used 35 sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) of Parmotrema perlatum from Europe and Africa (20 of which were newly generated), and 11 of Parmotrema crinitum from Europe, North America and North Africa (two newly generated). Additionally, 28 sequences of several species from Parmotrema were included in the ITS dataset. The ITS data matrix was analyzed using different approaches, such as traditional phylogeny (maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses), genetic distances, automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) and the coalescent-based method poisson tree processes (PTP), in order to test congruence among results. Our results indicate that all samples referred to P. crinitum and P. perlatum nested in a well-supported monophyletic clade, but phylogenetic relationships among them remain unresolved. Delimitations inferred from PTP, ABGD and genetic distance analyses were comparable and suggested that P. crinitum and P. perlatum belong to the same lineage. Interestingly, two samples of P. perlatum separate in a different monophyletic clade, which is supported as a different lineage by all the analyses.","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.1017/s0024282922000202
{"title":"LIC volume 54 issue 3-4 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0024282922000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0024282922000202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18124,"journal":{"name":"Lichenologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41715219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：