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Long sigmoid and twisted ascospores in the genus Harpidium: H. longisporum sp. nov., a synopsis of the genus and a key to the species Harpidium属的长S形和扭曲的子囊孢子:H.longisporum sp.nov.,该属简介和该种的关键
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000123
V. J. Rico
Abstract Harpidium longisporum is proposed as a new species. It is characterized by an areolate, mainly black thallus with trebouxioid algae, K+ blue-purple pigmented parts, pycnoascocarps forming aspicilioid apothecia, with moniliform paraphyses, unitunicate-rostrate, thick-walled asci and long sigmoid, lunate to falcate or irregularly curved and twisted ascospores, growing on steps of a vertical, intermittently moist, gneiss rock face. The genus Harpidium now comprises four species worldwide and, based on the selected specimens, a genus synopsis, a comparative table and a key to the species are included.
摘要:提出了一种新种——长石桃(Harpidium longisporum)。它的特征是:微针形,主要是黑色的菌体,带有微藻,K+蓝紫色的色素部分,荚果果皮形成螺旋形的药囊,具有单核状的伞状,单状,厚壁的子囊和长s形,月形到镰形或不规则弯曲和扭曲的子囊孢子,生长在垂直的,间歇性湿润的片麻岩面的台阶上。Harpidium属现在在世界范围内包括四个物种,并根据所选标本,包括属简介,比较表和物种的关键。
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引用次数: 1
Verrucariaceae from Nepal 产尼泊尔的疣子科
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000160
A. Orange, Som G. Chhetri
Abstract Twenty-eight species of Verrucariaceae are reported from Nepal. One genus and nine species are described as new: Nesothele gen. nov., sister to Staurothele s. lat., with a crustose to squamulose thallus, hymenial algae and 4–8 colourless muriform ascospores per ascus; Nesothele glebulosa sp. nov., resembling N. rugulosa but with smaller perithecia; Thelidium uvidulum sp. nov., producing a thin thallus with soralia, prominent perithecia, and 1-septate ascospores; Verrucaria antepotens sp. nov., having a well-developed thallus with dark-sided areoles, immersed perithecia, and small ascospores 12.5–16.5 μm long; V. lactea sp. nov., resembling V. praetermissa but with larger ascospores and a strongly deviating ITS sequence; V. parvipeltata sp. nov., with brown, basally constricted areoles on an extensive dark prothallus; V. senta sp. nov., with a brown cracked thallus and prominent naked perithecia; Willeya eminens sp. nov., with prominent perithecia, and differing from W. protrudens in its ITS sequence; W. irrigata sp. nov. with a thallus cracked into dark-sided areoles, and relatively large ascospores 28.5–40 μm long; W. nepalensis sp. nov. with a cracked thallus, immersed perithecia and a distinctive ITS sequence. Three species complexes might contain new taxa, but wider geographical sampling is necessary before delimiting species: Thelidium minutulum, Verrucaria elaeomelaena and V. hydrophila. Five new combinations are made: Willeya honghensis comb. nov. (for Staurothele honghensis), Nesothele globosa comb. nov. (for Endocarpon globosum), N. hymenogonia comb. nov. (for Staurothele hymenogonia), N. rugulosa comb. nov. (for Staurothele rugulosa) and N. succedens comb. nov. (for Staurothele succedens). Four species are unidentified.
文章摘要报道了尼泊尔Verrucariaceae的28种植物。一属九种被描述为新的:Nesotele gen.nov.,Staurothele s.lat.的姐妹,具有硬壳到鳞片状的铊、处女膜藻类和每个子囊4-8个无色的鼠状子囊孢子;格氏Neothele glebulosa sp.nov.,类似于皱纹猪笼草,但具有较小的种皮;uvidulum sp.nov.,产生一个薄的铊,带有囊袋、突出的包壳和1-隔子囊孢子;Verrucaria antepotens sp.nov.,有一个发育良好的铊,有深色的乳晕,包被浸没,小子囊孢子长12.5-16.5μm;乳杆菌,类似于乳杆菌,但具有较大的子囊孢子和强烈偏离的ITS序列;V.parvipeltata sp.nov.,在广泛的深色原叶体上有棕色的、基部收缩的乳晕;V.senta sp.nov.,有一个棕色开裂的铊和突出的裸鞘;Willeya eminens sp.nov.,具有突出的腹膜,在its序列上与突出的W.不同;W.refracta sp.nov.,有一个裂成深色乳晕的铊,相对较大的子囊孢子28.5-40μm长;W.nepalensis sp.nov.,具有开裂的铊、浸入的包壳和独特的ITS序列。三个物种复合体可能包含新的分类群,但在界定物种之前,有必要进行更广泛的地理采样:微小丽丽藻、埃勒欧梅兰Verrucaria elaeomelaena和嗜水气单胞菌。形成五个新组合:红莲梳。nov.(为红心Staurothele honghensis),球柄Neothele globosa comb。nov.(为球状内果皮),处女膜原毛猪笼草。nov.(用于处女膜黄原菌),N.rugulosa comb。nov.(用于皱皮Staurothele rugulosa)和N.successdens comb。11月(为Staurothele的继任者)。四个物种尚未确认。
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引用次数: 4
LIC volume 54 issue 3-4 Cover and Front matter LIC第54卷第3-4期封面和封面事项
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0024282922000196
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引用次数: 0
Conifer tree species and age as drivers of epiphytic lichen communities in northern European production forests 针叶树种和年龄是北欧生产林附生地衣群落的驱动因素
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000172
Lisa Petersson, D. Larivière, E. Holmström, Ö. Fritz, A. Felton
Abstract The epiphytic lichen species richness and community composition was compared for 600 living trees distributed within the interior of 60 Scots pine and Norway spruce monoculture stands in southern Sweden. A higher species richness, and more unique species, was found on trees of Scots pine than of Norway spruce, and distinctive communities were associated with the two tree species. Lichen species composition also shifted between the 30-, 55- and 80-year-old stands, although there was no significant difference in species richness between the different age classes. Tree species and age of the stand explained most of the variation in community composition (41%), with additional variance explained by lichen proximity to the ground (6%) and aspect (1%) (northern/southern side of trunk). Scots pine and Norway spruce share many attributes, such as both being conifers with acidic bark properties and having a similar geographical distribution in Fennoscandia. However, our study showed that species richness and community composition can nevertheless diverge in stands dominated by these two tree species. Since the occurrence of red-listed species was low in these stands, we suggest that 80-year rotations are not long enough for the occurrence of the many rare and specialized lichen species that require old forest structures and long forest continuity in this region.
摘要对分布在瑞典南部60个苏格兰松和挪威云杉单作林内部的600棵活树的附生地衣物种丰富度和群落组成进行了比较。与挪威云杉相比,苏格兰松树的物种丰富度更高,物种也更独特,这两个树种都有独特的群落。地衣的物种组成也在30岁、55岁和80岁的林分之间发生了变化,尽管不同年龄层之间的物种丰富度没有显著差异。树种和林分年龄解释了群落组成的大部分变化(41%),另外的变化解释为靠近地面的地衣(6%)和侧面的地衣(1%)(树干的北侧/南侧)。苏格兰松和挪威云杉有许多共同的特性,例如都是具有酸性树皮特性的针叶树,在芬诺斯坎迪亚的地理分布相似。然而,我们的研究表明,在这两个树种占主导地位的林分中,物种丰富度和群落组成可能存在差异。由于这些林分中红色名录物种的出现率较低,我们认为,80年的轮作时间不足以满足该地区许多稀有和特殊地衣物种的出现,这些物种需要古老的森林结构和长期的森林连续性。
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引用次数: 3
Factors influencing the diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes on the relict tree Zelkova abelicea (Lam.) Boiss. (Ulmaceae) 生长木附生地衣和苔藓植物多样性及分布的影响因素木香。(榆科)
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000159
Laurence Fazan, D. Gwiazdowicz, Y. Fragnière, W. Fałtynowicz, D. Ghosn, I. Remoundou, A. Rusińska, P. Urbański, S. Pasta, G. Garfì, G. Kozlowski
Abstract Trees have a crucial importance in the functioning of ecosystems on Earth. They are among the largest and longest-living taxa and provide habitat and shelter to numerous species belonging to diverse groups of organisms. Relict trees are of particular interest through their history of survival and adaptation, and because they potentially shelter rare or threatened organisms today. We investigated for the first time the diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes found on the Cretan (Greek) endemic and relict phorophyte Zelkova abelicea (Ulmaceae). Our results showed that Z. abelicea hosts a high number of epiphytes. The Levka Ori mountain range in western Crete seems to be a hot spot for epiphytic lichens on Z. abelicea. Bryophytes had the highest diversity on Mt Kedros in central Crete but were absent from several other sites. Moreover, 17% of the studied lichens were recorded for the first time for Crete and 5% have never been recorded for Greece. Geographical position and browsing intensity seem to be important factors influencing the epiphytic community encountered. Tree morphology (dwarfed or arborescent) was also significant in influencing community composition although it was not possible to dissociate this factor from the effect of topography. Dwarfed individuals were found to have as much epiphytic diversity as arborescent trees. Ecological indicator values showed that high epiphytic diversity was found in some sites despite signs of eutrophication and disturbance due to pastoral activities and suggest the co-occurrence of both disturbance tolerant and sensitive species. Our results show how little is known about the biodiversity of Cretan phorophytes and highlights the need for further research on the topic.
摘要树木在地球生态系统的运作中具有至关重要的作用。它们是最大、寿命最长的类群之一,为属于不同生物群的许多物种提供栖息地和庇护所。遗迹树木因其生存和适应历史而备受关注,因为它们有可能庇护当今稀有或受威胁的生物。我们首次调查了在克里特岛(希腊)特有和残留的苔藓植物Zelkova abelicea(Ulmaceae)上发现的附生地衣和苔藓植物的多样性和分布。我们的研究结果表明,紫丁香寄生有大量的附生植物。克里特岛西部的Levka-Ori山脉似乎是一个寄生地衣的热点。苔藓植物在克里特岛中部的凯德罗斯山上具有最高的多样性,但在其他几个地点却没有。此外,17%的研究地衣是首次在克里特岛记录到的,5%从未在希腊记录到。地理位置和浏览强度似乎是影响所遇到的附生群落的重要因素。树木形态(矮化或树状)在影响群落组成方面也很重要,尽管不可能将这一因素与地形的影响分开。研究发现,矮化个体的附生多样性与树状树木一样多。生态指标值显示,尽管有富营养化和牧业活动干扰的迹象,但在一些地点发现了较高的附生多样性,这表明耐干扰物种和敏感物种共存。我们的研究结果表明,人们对克里特岛苔藓植物的生物多样性知之甚少,并强调了对该主题进行进一步研究的必要性。
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引用次数: 3
The globally threatened epiphytic cyanolichen Erioderma pedicellatum depends on a rare combination of habitat factors 全球受威胁的附生藻青苔(erioolichen pedicellellatum)依赖于一种罕见的生境因素组合
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S002428292200007X
A. Nilsson, K. Solhaug, Y. Gauslaa
Abstract Lichen extinction occurs at rapid rates as a result of human activity, although species could potentially be rescued by conservation management based on ecophysiological knowledge. The boreal old forest cyanolichen Erioderma pedicellatum currently occurs in few sites worldwide. To protect it from extinction, it is essential to learn more about it. The last remaining good European site is a canyon with a waterfall, in a low-rainfall region of Norway. Here, a spatially restricted population of 1500–2000 thalli dominates the epiphytic vegetation of a small number of Picea abies canopies. We were able to document that 1) E. pedicellatum grew on thin branches with higher bark pH than is normal for P. abies in a canyon that provided an unusual combination of very high light, high air humidity, and cool temperatures in the growing season. However, the species did not inhabit the main waterfall spray zone. 2) Erioderma pedicellatum had a high light saturation point, high CO2 uptake at high light (≥ 600 μmol m−2 s−1) and cool temperatures (5–20 °C), and experienced strong suprasaturation depression of photosynthesis when fully hydrated. 3) It showed good tolerance of desiccation and high light; it was slightly more tolerant than the morphologically similar, but more common cyanolichen Pectenia plumbea. 4) The European population in its sunny habitat had higher water holding capacity than previously recorded in slightly shaded rainforest populations in Newfoundland, consistent with acclimation to compensate for high evaporative demands. Understanding the ecological niche and responses to critical environmental factors is essential for action plans to avoid extinction of E. pedicellatum. Methods used in this study could also be applicable for ecological understanding of other threatened lichen species.
摘要由于人类活动,地衣灭绝的速度很快,尽管基于生态生理知识的保护管理可能会拯救物种。北方古老森林中的带蒂紫苔目前在世界各地很少出现。为了保护它免遭灭绝,有必要更多地了解它。欧洲仅存的一个好地方是挪威低降雨量地区的一个带瀑布的峡谷。在这里,1500–2000个铊的空间限制种群主导着少数云杉树冠的附生植被。我们能够记录到:1)E.pedillatum生长在薄树枝上,树皮pH值高于P.abies的正常值。在生长季节,峡谷提供了非常高的光照、高空气湿度和凉爽温度的不同寻常的组合。然而,该物种并没有栖息在主要的瀑布喷射区。2) 在高光照(≥600μmol m−2 s−1)和低温(5–20°C)条件下,有蒂的灵芝具有高光饱和点、高CO2吸收率,并且在充分水合时经历了强烈的超饱和光合作用抑制。3) 它表现出良好的耐干燥性和高光性;它比形态相似但更常见的水管青苔稍具耐受性。4) 在阳光充足的栖息地,欧洲种群的持水能力高于纽芬兰稍有遮荫的雨林种群,这与补偿高蒸发需求的适应一致。了解生态位和对关键环境因素的反应对于制定行动计划以避免E.pedillatum灭绝至关重要。本研究中使用的方法也可用于其他受威胁地衣物种的生态学理解。
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引用次数: 5
An updated world key to the species of Acanthothecis s. lat. (Ascomycota: Graphidaceae), with ten new species from Brazil 棘棘属世界检索表的更新。(子囊菌纲:石墨科),附10新种
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000019
Shirley Cunha Feuerstein, A. Aptroot, R. M. B. da Silveira, R. Lücking, M. Cáceres
Abstract As part of a revision of the genus Acanthothecis s. lat. (Graphidaceae) in Brazil, an updated world key to the known species of the genus is presented. From Brazil, the following ten new species are described: A. latispora, with single-spored asci, large, muriform ascospores, and norstictic and stictic acids; A. megalospora, with single-spored asci, very large, transversely septate ascospores, and norstictic and protocetraric acids; A. multiseptata, with 8-spored asci, medium-sized and narrow, transversely multiseptate ascospores, and lacking secondary substances except terpenoids; A. norstictica, with 1–2-spored asci, large, muriform ascospores, and norstictic acid; A. oryzoides, with 8-spored asci, medium-sized, transversely septate ascospores, and norstictic acid; A. rimosa, with 2-spored asci, small to medium-sized, muriform ascospores, and stictic acid; A. roseola, with 1–2-spored asci, large, muriform ascospores, and norstictic, stictic and subnorstictic acids; A. saxicola, with 8-spored asci, small, 3-septate ascospores, and norstictic acid; A. subfarinosa, with 8-spored asci, small, 6–8-septate ascospores, and norstictic acid; and A. submuriformis, with 8-spored asci, small, submuriform ascospores, and lichexanthone. In addition, three further species are formally validated, namely A. bicellulata, A. farinosa and A. subabaphoides, and the new combination A. bicellularis is proposed, based on Acanthotrema bicellularis.
摘要作为对巴西棘皮猴属(Graphidaceae)进行修订的一部分,提出了该属已知物种的最新世界索引。在巴西,描述了以下十个新种:宽孢A.latispora,具有单孢腹水,大的鼠形子囊孢子,以及北欧和北欧酸;A.大孢子虫,具单孢腹水,非常大,横向有隔膜的子囊孢子,以及北向和原四烯酸;A.多裂,具8孢子的子囊,中等和狭窄,横向多裂的子囊孢子,除萜类外缺乏次生物质;A.norstictica,具有1-2孔的腹水、大的、鼠形的子囊孢子和norsticic酸;A.oryzoides,具有8孢子的子囊,中等大小,横向有隔膜的子囊孢子,和北欧酸;A.rimosa,具2孔腹水,小到中等大小,鼠形子囊孢子,和Stitic酸;A.roseola,具有1-2孔的腹水,大的、鼠形的子囊孢子,以及北向、北向和亚北向酸;A.saxicola,具有8个孢子的子囊,小的3个正庚子囊孢子,和北欧酸;A.亚科,具8孢子的子囊,小的,6-8间隔的子囊孢子,和北欧酸;和A.submuriformis,具有8个孢子的asci、小的submuriform子囊孢子和地衣。此外,还正式验证了另外三个物种,即A.bicellularata、A.farinosa和A.subabaphoides,并在Acanthotrema bicellularis的基础上提出了新的组合A.bicellular。
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引用次数: 0
Five further species of Graphis reported new to Europe from Portugal 欧洲又报告了五种来自葡萄牙的葡萄属新植物
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0024282922000093
Zacarias Lepista, A. Aptroot
Abstract Five Graphis species are reported as new to Europe from the Mata Nacional do Buçaco, a region in Portugal where graphidoid Graphidaceae are abundant and diverse. The following species were identified: Graphis dendrogramma, G. duplicata, G. gonimica, G. librata and G. pyrrhocheiloides. An updated key is given to the Graphis species known from Europe. All those newly reported were identified with names corresponding to tropical species.
文摘五报告文字衣属物种的新欧洲马塔Nacional Bucaco,在葡萄牙的一个地区,graphidoid Graphidaceae丰富和多样化。已鉴定出的种类有:Graphis dendrogramma、G. duplicata、G. gonimica、G. librata和G. pyrrhocheiloides。一个更新的钥匙给了已知的Graphis物种从欧洲。所有新报道的物种都被鉴定为与热带物种相对应的名称。
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引用次数: 1
LIC volume 54 issue 2 Cover and Back matter LIC第54卷第2期封面和封底
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0024282922000111
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引用次数: 0
LIC volume 54 issue 2 Cover and Front matter LIC第54卷第2期封面和封面事项
IF 1.4 4区 生物学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/s002428292200010x
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引用次数: 0
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