Magnesium research最新文献

Biomaterials containing magnesium are used for implants and bone regeneration. However, mechanisms underlying the biologic effects of magnesium are still largely unknown and have not been examined on normal human osteoblasts. This study was designed to test the effect of supplemented Mg²⁺ concentrations between 0.5 mM and 16 mM on the osteogenic behaviors of normal human primary osteoblasts. Human primary osteoblasts were cultured in the groups with various concentrations of supplemented magnesium for various time intervals. Cell proliferation was measured using crystal violet staining. Degree of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured by fluorometric assay. Expression of osteocalcin was measured by immunosorbent assay. Mineralization of cultures was determined by Alizarin Red S staining. Results showed that initial cell attachment efficiency was not affected by supplemented Mg²⁺ (P > 0.05). At 21 days, proliferation rates increased in groups containing 0.5 mM-4 mM supplemented Mg²⁺ and decreased in groups of supplemented 8 mM and 16 mM Mg²⁺. ALP activity and osteocalcin expression were upregulated in groups of supplemented Mg²⁺ between 0.5 mM-2.0 mM (P < 0.05), but downregulated in groups with supplemented Mg²⁺ concentrations of 4mM and above (P < 0.05). Cultures with 1 mM and 2 mM supplemented Mg²⁺ showed upregulated mineralization activity compared to the control (P < 0.05), but downregulated in groups with supplemented Mg²⁺ concentrations of 4 mM and above (P < 0.05). The present study based on an experimental design demonstrated the impact of 2 mM supplemented Mg²⁺ on induced-proliferation and differentiation of normal human osteoblasts.

Although it has been widely accepted that Mg has a positive effect on muscle function, studies on the efficacy of Mg supplementation in young athletes have generated contrasting results. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of Mg supplementation on muscular damage markers and the association between serum Mg levels with these muscular markers. Twelve elite male basketball players (PB) from a team of Spanish Professional Basketball League and a control group (CG) comprising twelve university students who practiced regularly recreational basketball and competed in minor university leagues participated in this study. The athletes were supplemented with 400 mg/day of Mg, in the form of Mg lactate. Blood samples were taken four times during the season, each separated by eight weeks: T1: October, T2: December, T3: March, and T4: April. Serum Mg concentrations showed a significant decrease in T3 (1.56 ± 0.03 mg/dL), with respect to T1 (1.69 ± 0.04 mg/dL) and T2 (1.69 ± 0.04 mg/L). At the end of the study, serum Mg concentration was significantly higher (T4: 1.79 ± 0.06 mg/dL) than at T3. Levels of muscle damage parameters remained the same during the entire season (P > 0.05), except for creatinine, which significantly decreased after T2, and then increased significantly in T3 and T4 compared to T2. In conclusion, these results suggest that the supplementation with Mg during the season of competition may prevent associated tissue damage.

Gastrointestinal complications are common after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. These complications are ranged from nausea and vomiting to mesenteric ischemia and liver failure. It seems that nausea, vomiting, and constipation are related to magnesium deficiency. This study was designed to examine the effect of oral magnesium supplementation on the incidence of gastrointestinal complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In a single blinded randomized clinical trial, 102 patients who were undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery were randomly allocated into two groups, 52 patients in the intervention and 50 patients in control group. Patients in the experimental group received 800 milligram magnesium oxide (2 tablets each of them containing 240 mg elemental magnesium) daily from the admission to discharge from hospital. The incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting, constipation, and atrial fibrillation was compared between the groups. Our results showed that postoperative hypomagnesemia is present in 41.20 and 70.80 percent of the patients in the intervention and control group patients, respectively. The overall incidence of constipation was 62%. Patients who received magnesium supplementation experienced less atrial fibrillation, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Our data showed that oral magnesium supplementation could reduce the postoperative complications. Despite the better status in the intervention group, the hypomagnesemia was present in many of intervention group patients. It seems that supplementation with higher doses is needed.

In this study, Mg-Ca-Zn-Co alloy specimens for biomedical applications were produced by the powder metallurgy method. The Mg-Ca-Zn-Co alloy could be used as a scaffold material in tissue engineering applications. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of the specimens was investigated in simulated body fluid environment. Electrochemical corrosion resistance of the specimens was increased with increasing Zn and Ca contents of the alloy up to an optimum composition and then decreased. Optimum values for Ca and Zn additions were about 0.7 wt.% and 3.0 wt.% respectively. Young's modulus values of the specimens were determined by nondestructive ultrasonic measurement. Alloying element addition increased the Young's modulus of the specimens. Precipitation hardening of the Mg-Ca-Zn-Co alloy increased the Young's modulus and the corrosion rate of the specimens.

A growing amount of evidence suggests that magnesium deficiency may play an important role in several clinical conditions concerning women health such as premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, and postmenopausal symptoms. A number of studies highlighted a positive correlation between magnesium administration and relief or prevention of these symptoms, thus suggesting that magnesium supplementation may represent a viable treatment for these conditions. Despite this amount of evidence describing the efficacy of magnesium, few and un-systematize data are available about the pharmacological mechanism of this ion for these conditions. Herein, we review and systematize the available evidence about the use of oral magnesium supplementation in several gynecological conditions and discuss the pharmacological mechanisms that characterize these interventions. The picture that emerges indicates that magnesium supplementation is effective in the prevention of dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, and menstrual migraine and in the prevention of climacteric symptoms.

Magnesium contributes to the regulation of inflammatory responses. Here, we focus on the role of magnesium in acute inflammation. Although present knowledge is incomplete to delineate an accurate scenario and a schedule of the events occurring under magnesium deficiency, it emerges that low magnesium status favors the induction of acute inflammation by sensitizing sentinel cells to the noxious agent, and then by participating to the orchestration of the vascular and cellular events that characterize the process.