Magnesium research最新文献

Studies on magnesium and bone health in the literature are conflicting. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between Magnesium Deficiency Score (MDS) and indicators of hip bone health in adults. This study analysed data from the NHANES in 13,259 US adults aged ≥20 years. Outcome measures included bone mineral density (BMD) (total femur, femoral neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, and Ward's triangle), osteoporosis, history of hip fracture, and FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) score. Weighted linear regression and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between MDS and the outcomes. Trend tests were also performed to analyse the presence of a dose-response relationship. Subgroup analyses were performed by age and sex. After adjusting for all covariates, we found a significant age-stratified effect between MDS and hip bone health. In the elderly population aged ≥60 years, there was a higher risk of decline in Ward's triangle and femoral neck BMD, a higher risk of osteoporosis (OR =1.27, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.50; P trend =0.006), and higher FRAX scores as MDS scores increased. However, this negative effect was significantly attenuated in individuals <60 years. No association was found between MDS and a history of hip fracture. In addition, no sex-stratified effect was found between MDS and the outcome measures described above. The risk of severe magnesium deficiency significantly affects hip bone health in older adults, increasing the risk of subsequent fractures. Future studies should explore more detailed mechanisms associated with the role of magnesium in skeletal physiology and pathology.

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyGI) is a novel biomarker for diagnostic and prognostic processes. TyGI, together with magnesium level and The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI; used to predict long-term survival), is associated with morbidity and mortality. As type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with hypomagnesaemia, magnesium may therefore be related to TyGI and CCI in patients with T2DM. To compare hypomagnesemia and normomagnesemia in terms of TyGI and CCI, and to investigate the correlation of magnesium with TyGI and CCI in patients with T2DM. T2DM patients (n=194) were divided into hypomagnesaemia (n=58) and normomagnesaemia (n=136) groups depending on serum magnesium level. TyGI was calculated with the formula, Ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dL)×fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. TyGI, CCI, and laboratory parameters were compared between the groups. Correlation analysis was performed between magnesium and other parameters. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, BMI, T2DM duration, medication, comorbidities, or laboratory parameters (p>0.05). However, the hypomagnesaemia group had significantly increased TyGI (p=0.014) and CCI (p=0.044). There was also a significant negative correlation between magnesium and parameters including T2DM duration (r:-155; p=0.031), glucose (r:-214; p=0.003), HbA1c (r:-195; p=0.007), TyGI (r:-0.207; p=0.004), and CCI (r:-0.177; p=0.014). TyGI and CCI are increased in T2DM patients with hypomagnesaemia, and magnesium is associated with TyGI and CCI. These novel findings should be further investigated in future studies.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration on core body temperature (BT) changes in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological surgery under propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA). Data from 120 female patients, aged 20-65, who underwent laparoscopic gynaecological surgery between March 2021 and February 2024, were analysed retrospectively. Patients were divided into Mg (n=49) and non-Mg (n=71) groups. The Mg group received MgSO4 (50 mg/kg in 100-mL isotonic saline over 15 minutes) during induction, followed by a continuous infusion (15 mg/kg/h). Core BT was recorded using tympanic thermometer and oesophageal probes: pre-anaesthesia (BT0), 5 minutes post-induction (BT5), every 15 minutes (BT15 ~ BT105), and at emergence (BT120). All patients were warmed using both a circulating-water mattress and a forced-air warming blanket. BT0 was comparable between groups. BT decreased over time in both groups (p < 0.001). The Mg group had significantly lower BT at BT5 (p = 0.031), BT15 (p = 0.004), BT30 (p = 0.011), and BT45 (p = 0.016). However, the rate of temperature change over time between groups was comparable. The incidence of post-anaesthetic shivering was significantly lower in the Mg group (19.7% vs 6.1%, p = 0.036). During propofol-based TIVA, MgSO4 administration reduced BT at early time points during surgery, while the rate of temperature change over time was not significantly affected by MgSO4 administration. Notably, the incidence of shivering was significantly lower in the Mg group.

Orthopaedic implant-related infections (IRIs) are severe postoperative complications that are difficult to clear by debridement or antibiotic treatments. Magnesium oxide (MgO) effectively inhibits or kills a broad spectrum of bacteria, is minimally associated with safety issues, and poses no risk of inducing antibiotic resistance. Therefore, MgO has been actively studied for environmental, hygienic, as well as clinical applications such as the management of IRIs. This narrative review discusses the antibacterial properties of MgO, related mechanisms, and recent studies related to orthopaedic IRIs. Existing problems and potential possibilities for further research are also suggested.

Magnesium is an essential electrolyte, regulating enzymatic function and membrane excitability. While dysmagnesaemia is common among hospitalized patients, its prognostic role and the potential clinical benefit of its correction remain debated.

Methods: All adult patients admitted to internal medicine wards at the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center between June 1st, 2007, and July 31st, 2022, for whom magnesium levels were measured, were included. Data from 85,466 patients were obtained. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to magnesium level at admission: severe hypomagnesaemia (serum magnesium ≤1.2mg/dL), mild hypomagnesaemia (magnesium >1.2mg/dL≤1.8mg/dL), eumagnesaemia (magnesium >1.8/≤2.55mg/dL), and hypermagnesaemia (magnesium >2.55). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality risk.

Results: Hypomagnesaemia was associated with the use of thiazides and proton pump inhibitors (p<0.001), while severe hypermagnesaemia was associated with reduced renal function (p<0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, the Charlson comorbidity index, creatinine, potassium, and calcium corrected for albumin, mild hypomagnesaemia was associated with lower 30-day mortality (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.93, p<0.001), hypermagnesaemia was associated with higher 30-day mortality (HR: 2.86, 95% CI: 2.57-3.17, p<0.001), and severe hypomagnesaemia was not associated with survival change (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.62-1.09, p=0.177). Hypermagnesaemia normalization (HR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63-0.93, p<0.001) and administration of magnesium supplements for mild (adjusted HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36-0.79, p=0.002) or severe (HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.28-0.41, p<0.001) hypomagnesaemia were associated with reduced mortality.

Conclusion: In hospitalized, non-critically ill medical patients, hypermagnesaemia confers a substantial 30-day mortality risk, which may be mitigated by its correction. Although hypomagnesaemia is not associated with worse outcome, its correction by supplementation may be of clinical benefit.

This study aimed to explore the association between serum vitamin D and/or dietary magnesium intake levels and severe hepatic steatosis. This cross-sectional study collected data from 2,874 individuals in the NHNAES database between 2017 and 2018. Variables were subjected to weighted univariate logistic regression analysis, and variables with p<0.05 were selected for weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis. The stepwise backward method was then used, and variables with p<0.05 in the weighted multivariate logistic model were retained as confounding factors. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to explore the effect of magnesium intake and/or vitamin D level on the risk of hepatic steatosis in overweight and obese individuals. Subgroup analysis was stratified by age, gender, BMI, and complications. The respective odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated. The risk of severe hepatic steatosis in overweight and obese individuals was increased in those with deficient serum vitamin D levels (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.13-2.57). No significant correlation between dietary magnesium intake level and severe hepatic steatosis was observed in overweight and obese individuals (all p>0.05). However, an increased risk of severe hepatic steatosis in overweight and obese individuals was found in those with deficient dietary magnesium intake and deficient serum vitamin D compared to those with sufficient serum vitamin D (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.20-2.89). Deficient magnesium intake in overweight and obese patients with low serum vitamin D levels may increase the risk of severe hepatic steatosis, however, future studies are required to verify our findings.

Hyperuricemia is associated with an increased risk of mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Magnesium intake is related to reduced mortality due to cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary magnesium intake, magnesium depletion score (MDS) and hyperuricemia-related all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality in patients with CHS. In this retrospective cohort study, 1,823 CHD patients were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary magnesium intake was determined based on 24-hour dietary recall interviews. MDS was assessed considering four factors: use of diuretics, use of proton pump inhibitors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and alcohol consumption. Weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to explore the association between dietary magnesium intake, MDS, hyperuricemia, and all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality. The results were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to explore survival status relative to magnesium intake or MDS. After an average of 81 months of follow-up, 879 CHD patients died. After adjusting for covariates, MDS ≥2 (HR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.13-1.60) and hyperuricemia (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.01-1.55) were associated with increased odds of all-cause mortality. Moreover, MDS affected the association between hyperuricemia and all-cause mortality (HR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.84) or cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.02-2.03) in CHD patients. MDS influences mortality in patients with hyperuricemia, highlighting the potential importance of magnesium status in managing the risks associated with hyperuricemia in CHD patients.

Low magnesium (Mg) intake increases the risk of various diseases such as anxiety disorder, depression, and diabetes. However, a reliable biomarker of mild Mg deficiency due to low Mg intake has not yet been identified. We speculate that metabolomics will be effective for biomarker discovery because Mg can affect various metabolic processes in the body. In the present study, we evaluated whether mild Mg deficiency affects growth, behaviour, and plasma and urinary metabolomes in rats. Mg levels in plasma and the femur, and urinary Mg excretion decreased by consuming a mildly low Mg diet, whereas body weight and food intake were not affected. Also, anxiety- and depression-like behaviours were not affected by Mg deficiency. These results indicate that the negative effects observed here are milder than those for severe Mg deficiency, as previously reported. Of the 93 annotated metabolites in plasma, only glycylglycine was moderately affected. Of the 122 annotated metabolites in urine, 29 were affected. A marked decrease in urinary excretion of some organic acids of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, particularly citric acid, was noticed. This study identifies urinary metabolites that may be useful biomarkers of mild Mg deficiency.

Although intraoperative magnesium sulphate administration has various advantages, its influence on the occurrence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear, particularly in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). The steep Trendelenburg position and a high intra-abdominal pressure can render patients susceptible to AKI after surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intraoperative magnesium sulphate administration on postoperative AKI in patients who underwent RARP. This retrospective study used a propensity score-matched analysis to evaluate the medical records of patients who underwent RARP between May 2013 and December 2021 in a single institution. In total, 3,239 cases were reviewed. After propensity score matching, 456 patients were each included in the magnesium and control groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for postoperative AKI, as defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria, within seven days after surgery. The incidence of postoperative AKI did not differ significantly between the magnesium and control groups (30.7% versus 31.4%). The univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that intraoperative magnesium sulphate administration was not associated with AKI after RARP (p=0.83). In the multivariate analysis, body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.069; p=0.018) and duration of surgery (OR, 1.005; p=0.027) were independent risk factors, while total intravenous anaesthesia (OR, 0.448; p=0.005) and intraoperative fluid replacement (OR, 0.856; p=0.012) were protective factors for postoperative AKI. Intraoperative magnesium sulphate administration had no significant effect on the occurrence of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing RARP.

Impulsive behaviours affect patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BP), increasing suicide risk and mood instability. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, has been reported to promote fast-acting antidepressive and antisuicidal effects. Magnesium administered contemporarily with low-dose NMDA antagonists has been shown to cause a reduction in anxiety-related and depressive-like behaviours. This observational study investigated the possible association between magnesium levels and impulsivity, measured using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), during ketamine treatment. Forty-nine inpatients with treatment-resistant mood disorders were involved in the study. The study therapeutic intervention was based on the administration of eight ketamine intravenous infusions over four weeks. The BIS-11 and magnesium levels were assessed for every subject before the first, third, fifth and seventh ketamine infusion and one week after the last infusion. The concentration of magnesium ions during the ketamine treatment was not associated with BIS-11 changes. The study does not provide evidence for a relationship between magnesium concentration and impulsivity, measured using the BIS-11, during ketamine treatment.