The study compared the leadership empowering behaviors of male and female secondary school heads in Pakistan. Main purpose of the research is to collate captaincy empowering conduct of male & female educational leaders at the secondary level. The sample was comprised of 564 teachers including 379 males & 185 females employing a stratified random sample technique. In this study, quantitative and descriptive methodologies were used. A standardized tool “Leader Empowering Behavior Questionnaire” was used for data collection. Data was collected and analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, & independent samples t-test. Results explored that there is significant difference (t = 3.160, p = .002) between leadership empowering behavior among male (mean = 5.73, SD = .30) and female leaders (mean = 5.64, SD = .31) on whole. Male leaders were found to have better leadership empowering behavior than female leaders. Thus, it was recommended from results that female educational leaders should further improve and adopt leadership empowering behavior for better organizational productivity and female educational leaders should further improve their empowering behavior so as to stimulate potential of their subordinates for better performance and commitment in diverse situtions for desired outcomes.
该研究比较了巴基斯坦男女中学校长的领导授权行为。本研究的主要目的是整理中学阶段男女教育领导者的队长授权行为。采用分层随机抽样的方法，对564名教师进行调查，其中男教师379人，女教师185人。本研究采用定量和描述性方法。采用标准化工具“领导者授权行为问卷”进行数据收集。数据的收集和分析采用均值、标准差和独立样本t检验。结果发现，男性领导授权行为(均值5.73,SD = 0.30)与女性领导授权行为(均值5.64,SD = 0.31)总体上存在显著差异(t = 3.160, p = 0.002)。研究发现，男性领导者比女性领导者有更好的领导授权行为。因此，研究结果建议女性教育领导者应进一步改善和采用领导授权行为，以提高组织生产力;女性教育领导者应进一步改善其授权行为，以激发其下属的潜力，从而在不同的情况下获得更好的绩效和承诺，以达到预期的结果。
{"title":"LEADERSHIP EMPOWERING BEHAVIORS: GENDER-BASED COMPARATIVE STUDY AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL","authors":"Uzma Munawar, Syed Zubair Haider, Qaiser Suleman","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-08","url":null,"abstract":"The study compared the leadership empowering behaviors of male and female secondary school heads in Pakistan. Main purpose of the research is to collate captaincy empowering conduct of male & female educational leaders at the secondary level. The sample was comprised of 564 teachers including 379 males & 185 females employing a stratified random sample technique. In this study, quantitative and descriptive methodologies were used. A standardized tool “Leader Empowering Behavior Questionnaire” was used for data collection. Data was collected and analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, & independent samples t-test. Results explored that there is significant difference (t = 3.160, p = .002) between leadership empowering behavior among male (mean = 5.73, SD = .30) and female leaders (mean = 5.64, SD = .31) on whole. Male leaders were found to have better leadership empowering behavior than female leaders. Thus, it was recommended from results that female educational leaders should further improve and adopt leadership empowering behavior for better organizational productivity and female educational leaders should further improve their empowering behavior so as to stimulate potential of their subordinates for better performance and commitment in diverse situtions for desired outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91390602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Survey was conducted to analyze attitude of in-service teachers towards acquiring higher qualification. Teachers of schools, colleges & universities of 2-divisional headquarters of southern Punjab (Bahawalpur & Multan) constituted the population of the study. Sample consisted of 224 in-service teachers of schools, colleges & universities. To collect relevant information a questionnaire and observation sheet was used. The factor analysis with varimax rotation yielded seven major factors; departmental restrictions, the financial benefit, family responsibilities, departmental facilities,job security, teaching quality and quality of the educational institutions. The data was analyzed with independent t-test and one way ANOVA. It was concluded that 79.8% teachers faced departmental restriction, 77.5% faced financial constraints, 82% faced family responsibilities, only 42.05% were facilitated by department, 79.33% felt job security after higher education, 75.36% responded teaching quality was improved while 51.4% responded quality of educational institutions improved due to highly qualified teachers. Results provides significant information in decising about the relationships and reaching conclusion along with offering certain recommendations to policy makers for revisiting their polities and future researcher to conduct research from new dimensions.
{"title":"THE ATTITUDE OF IN-SERVICE TEACHERS TOWARD ACQUIRING HIGHER QUALIFICATION","authors":"Sana Iqbal, Akhtar Ali","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-10","url":null,"abstract":"Survey was conducted to analyze attitude of in-service teachers towards acquiring higher qualification. Teachers of schools, colleges & universities of 2-divisional headquarters of southern Punjab (Bahawalpur & Multan) constituted the population of the study. Sample consisted of 224 in-service teachers of schools, colleges & universities. To collect relevant information a questionnaire and observation sheet was used. The factor analysis with varimax rotation yielded seven major factors; departmental restrictions, the financial benefit, family responsibilities, departmental facilities,job security, teaching quality and quality of the educational institutions. The data was analyzed with independent t-test and one way ANOVA. It was concluded that 79.8% teachers faced departmental restriction, 77.5% faced financial constraints, 82% faced family responsibilities, only 42.05% were facilitated by department, 79.33% felt job security after higher education, 75.36% responded teaching quality was improved while 51.4% responded quality of educational institutions improved due to highly qualified teachers. Results provides significant information in decising about the relationships and reaching conclusion along with offering certain recommendations to policy makers for revisiting their polities and future researcher to conduct research from new dimensions.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89415782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study focuses on the effect of four primary characteristics derived from the literature, including trust, product variety, convenience, and privacy, so as to identify how customer purchasing behavior reflects online shopping trends. The researcher used quantitative research approach to documents responses of respondents. Students attending Thal university & Sargodha university are mostly those engaged in business programme at respective institutions, such as the Department of Business Administration and Noon Business school was accessed to collect the data through questioner. The researchers use structural equational model to test hypothesis of current research, analyze the results and reach the desired conclusion and thus recommending some suggestions. According to the findings of statistical analysis of data, customers trust, product variety, convenience and privacy has statistically significant relationship with the online consumer behaviour. This conclusion is vital for the marketers to facilitate the usage of online shopping platforms in order to save more time and attract more people to buy items online.
{"title":"THE DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMERS' ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT","authors":"S. Khan, N. Hassan, Wajid Ali","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-05","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on the effect of four primary characteristics derived from the literature, including trust, product variety, convenience, and privacy, so as to identify how customer purchasing behavior reflects online shopping trends. The researcher used quantitative research approach to documents responses of respondents. Students attending Thal university & Sargodha university are mostly those engaged in business programme at respective institutions, such as the Department of Business Administration and Noon Business school was accessed to collect the data through questioner. The researchers use structural equational model to test hypothesis of current research, analyze the results and reach the desired conclusion and thus recommending some suggestions. According to the findings of statistical analysis of data, customers trust, product variety, convenience and privacy has statistically significant relationship with the online consumer behaviour. This conclusion is vital for the marketers to facilitate the usage of online shopping platforms in order to save more time and attract more people to buy items online.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72817916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread ownership of smartphones among youth has led to an increase in cyberbullying. Studies have shown that smartphone addiction is linked to psychopathic personality traits as well as significantly predicts cyberbullying. However, self-control is considered a protective factor that can promote responsible smartphone use. Research aimed to investigate role of self-control in association of psychopathy & cyberbullying among problematic smartphone users in Pakistan. The data was collected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Screening criteria was modified from 4-hours of the smartphone usage to 6-hours daily to screen the problematic smartphone usage. 1055 young individuals were approached, and 254 were not screened as problematic users of smartphones. In second stage, 801 problematic smartphone users, 383 were male (47.9%), 418 were females (52.1%) between ages of 18-23. Data was collected using three assessment measures: (i) subscale psychopathy of short dark triad test, (ii) revised self-control scale, and (iii) subscale cyberbullying of the forms of bullying. Study reveals positive relationship amid psychopathic personality traits and cyberbullying. Study sheds light on link between psychopathy and cyberbullying and emphasizes the need for interventions that target individuals with such personality traits to prevent or stop cyberbullying in particular context.
{"title":"PSYCHOPATHY AND CYBERBULLYING: THE ROLE OF SELF-CONTROL AS MODERATOR AMONG PROBLEMATIC SMARTPHONE USERS","authors":"Arooj Miran, Faiqa Yaseen, Sajia Jabeen","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-07","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread ownership of smartphones among youth has led to an increase in cyberbullying. Studies have shown that smartphone addiction is linked to psychopathic personality traits as well as significantly predicts cyberbullying. However, self-control is considered a protective factor that can promote responsible smartphone use. Research aimed to investigate role of self-control in association of psychopathy & cyberbullying among problematic smartphone users in Pakistan. The data was collected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Screening criteria was modified from 4-hours of the smartphone usage to 6-hours daily to screen the problematic smartphone usage. 1055 young individuals were approached, and 254 were not screened as problematic users of smartphones. In second stage, 801 problematic smartphone users, 383 were male (47.9%), 418 were females (52.1%) between ages of 18-23. Data was collected using three assessment measures: (i) subscale psychopathy of short dark triad test, (ii) revised self-control scale, and (iii) subscale cyberbullying of the forms of bullying. Study reveals positive relationship amid psychopathic personality traits and cyberbullying. Study sheds light on link between psychopathy and cyberbullying and emphasizes the need for interventions that target individuals with such personality traits to prevent or stop cyberbullying in particular context.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90530381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary goal of this research was to investigate relationship between teachers and students and its impact upon students' academic success. As students spend significant amount of time with their teachers, collaborative and close relationship between them has a critical and meaningful effect on students. This study aimed to answer two key questions: How do students perceive their relationships with their teachers? And how does relationship amid teachers and students affect academic achievement? To address these questions, the study employed a positivist paradigm and a quantitative approach. The survey method was used to collect data, and a structured questionnaire was used as instrument. The study population comprised all public and private universities in Lahore, and a convenient sampling technique was used to select eight universities, four public and four private. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS-V-27, & descriptive and inferential statistics were used to draw conclusions. The study findings revealed that strong relationship between teachers and students existed, and it had a significant impact upon students' academic achievement. The study also found that students' perceptions of their relationships with their teachers were positive and had positive effect on their grades & academic achievements.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIPS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL","authors":"Ayesha Afzal, Shahid Rafiq, A. Kanwal","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-06","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of this research was to investigate relationship between teachers and students and its impact upon students' academic success. As students spend significant amount of time with their teachers, collaborative and close relationship between them has a critical and meaningful effect on students. This study aimed to answer two key questions: How do students perceive their relationships with their teachers? And how does relationship amid teachers and students affect academic achievement? To address these questions, the study employed a positivist paradigm and a quantitative approach. The survey method was used to collect data, and a structured questionnaire was used as instrument. The study population comprised all public and private universities in Lahore, and a convenient sampling technique was used to select eight universities, four public and four private. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS-V-27, & descriptive and inferential statistics were used to draw conclusions. The study findings revealed that strong relationship between teachers and students existed, and it had a significant impact upon students' academic achievement. The study also found that students' perceptions of their relationships with their teachers were positive and had positive effect on their grades & academic achievements.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"51 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83401228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study in hand endeavored to determine how financial characteristics of profitable firms directly affect their share prices on the stock market. For this purpose, we have used data from 2000 to 2018 and want to know, whether these financial attributes, i.e., ROE, ROA, P/E ratio, PM, size, and leverage, are directly involved with the stock prices of the profitable firms. However, the panel data approach was utilized to analyze the data. The results categorically showed that a firm's financial attributes have a linear relationship with its stock returns on stock market. This result also indicated that the equity holders of those firms of market investors follow direction of equity prices for future return because, as the price equity of the profitable firms increases, they invest more for high discounting’s in market because of the linear relationship between firms financial attributes and their stock prices. more over this results also explained that the efficiency of PSX can be improved by by improving financial knowledge of market arbitrageurs. The results provide signifncant information in reaching the decision as well as recommending some suggestions to stakeholders, policy-makers along with future researchers to revisit their decisions regarding ctock performance in Pakistan.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL ATTRIBUTES OF PROFITABLE FIRMS ON STOCK PERFORMANCE IN PAKISTAN","authors":"M. Shahid, W. Khalid, Muhammad Kashif Saif","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-03","url":null,"abstract":"The study in hand endeavored to determine how financial characteristics of profitable firms directly affect their share prices on the stock market. For this purpose, we have used data from 2000 to 2018 and want to know, whether these financial attributes, i.e., ROE, ROA, P/E ratio, PM, size, and leverage, are directly involved with the stock prices of the profitable firms. However, the panel data approach was utilized to analyze the data. The results categorically showed that a firm's financial attributes have a linear relationship with its stock returns on stock market. This result also indicated that the equity holders of those firms of market investors follow direction of equity prices for future return because, as the price equity of the profitable firms increases, they invest more for high discounting’s in market because of the linear relationship between firms financial attributes and their stock prices. more over this results also explained that the efficiency of PSX can be improved by by improving financial knowledge of market arbitrageurs. The results provide signifncant information in reaching the decision as well as recommending some suggestions to stakeholders, policy-makers along with future researchers to revisit their decisions regarding ctock performance in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75631780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primary goal of this study was to examine how several factors, including disclosure practices, risk management, and corporate governance, affect the growth of Pakistan's financial services sector. The design of study was based on a positivist paradigm, and quantitative research methods were used. In this type of cross-sectional research, primary method of collecting data was a survey, and findings of that survey were examined after they were collected. In order to carry out this investigation, researchers used a method known as simple random sampling. A standard questionnaire was used in order to gather information from managers of the many branches of the banking sector. The results suggest that improvements in corporate governance are responsible for improvements in the performance of the banking industry. Data revealed that increased corporate disclosure leads to improved overall performance in banking industry. In conclusion, the findings verified that efficient methods of risk management are directly responsible for the increased performance of the banking industry. In the instance of Pakistan, empirical data pertaining to financial institutions is of very low quality. Study offers evidence that formal corporate governance and disclosure practises in banking are critical to the success of businesses in the service industry.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF BANKING PERFORMANCE OVER CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, RISK MANAGEMENT AND DISCLOSURE PRACTISES","authors":"R. Abbas, Abid Hussain, N. Khan","doi":"10.51380//gujr-39-01-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380//gujr-39-01-02","url":null,"abstract":"Primary goal of this study was to examine how several factors, including disclosure practices, risk management, and corporate governance, affect the growth of Pakistan's financial services sector. The design of study was based on a positivist paradigm, and quantitative research methods were used. In this type of cross-sectional research, primary method of collecting data was a survey, and findings of that survey were examined after they were collected. In order to carry out this investigation, researchers used a method known as simple random sampling. A standard questionnaire was used in order to gather information from managers of the many branches of the banking sector. The results suggest that improvements in corporate governance are responsible for improvements in the performance of the banking industry. Data revealed that increased corporate disclosure leads to improved overall performance in banking industry. In conclusion, the findings verified that efficient methods of risk management are directly responsible for the increased performance of the banking industry. In the instance of Pakistan, empirical data pertaining to financial institutions is of very low quality. Study offers evidence that formal corporate governance and disclosure practises in banking are critical to the success of businesses in the service industry.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74263233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Banks’ profitability is vital component of economic growth, its significance extends from’ sustainability of banks to macroeconomic stabilization. Thus, this study assessed the effect of banks’ specific factors and macroeconomic variables on the profitability of microfinance banks (MFBs) in Nigeria from 2012-2021. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select 15 licensed MFBs from the South West region of Nigeria. This study employed return on assets (ROA) as an indicator of profitability. Secondary data was elicited from annual published reports of the selected MFBs. Descriptive, regression and correlation techniques were used to analyse data. Findings revealed that MFBs age and size play major roles in the determination of the banks’ profitability; non-performing loans substantially influenced MFBs profitability though adversely. Liquidity rate exerted negligible but positive influence on MFBs profitability. Furthermore, gross domestic product and exchange rate influenced MFBs profitability considerably. In contrast, the Inflation and Interest rate had an adverse but noticeable effect on banks’ profitability. The results provide signifncant directions to banks as well as related policy-makers. Bank management should take cognizance of these salient factors and endeavor to the lower non-performing loans in order to enhance MFBs profitability.
{"title":"WHAT FACTORS DRIVE THE MICROFINANCE BANKS’ PROFITABILITY IN NIGERIA?","authors":"A. Ademola","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-04","url":null,"abstract":"Banks’ profitability is vital component of economic growth, its significance extends from’ sustainability of banks to macroeconomic stabilization. Thus, this study assessed the effect of banks’ specific factors and macroeconomic variables on the profitability of microfinance banks (MFBs) in Nigeria from 2012-2021. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select 15 licensed MFBs from the South West region of Nigeria. This study employed return on assets (ROA) as an indicator of profitability. Secondary data was elicited from annual published reports of the selected MFBs. Descriptive, regression and correlation techniques were used to analyse data. Findings revealed that MFBs age and size play major roles in the determination of the banks’ profitability; non-performing loans substantially influenced MFBs profitability though adversely. Liquidity rate exerted negligible but positive influence on MFBs profitability. Furthermore, gross domestic product and exchange rate influenced MFBs profitability considerably. In contrast, the Inflation and Interest rate had an adverse but noticeable effect on banks’ profitability. The results provide signifncant directions to banks as well as related policy-makers. Bank management should take cognizance of these salient factors and endeavor to the lower non-performing loans in order to enhance MFBs profitability.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78319514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The substantial economic integration coupled with the increased inflation becomes serious dilemma for developing economies. Inflation has recently emerged as the major economic issue, making it necessary to investigate the additional causes of this issue. This study revisited the age-old subject of how openness affects inflation, utilizing time-series data from 1990 to 2021 for Pakistan. Primary goal of study is to investigate Romer hypothesis and relationship between openness as well as inflation in Pakistan using Co-integration analysis. Other explanatory variables are the growth of real agriculture value added, an average annual growth rate of money, and quasi-money and openness of economy. Though openness and inflation have a positive long-run relationship, there is no evidence of a short-run relationship, refuting Romer's argument for Pakistan. Present study offered signifncant information through results and support from previous studies in reaching the conclusion about inflation and its main reasons behand. Additionally, it offers renewed perspectives on how inflation is affected by global economic integration and how it thus undesarbaly influenced the financial growth from different dimensions that further hinders sustainable development.
{"title":"REVISITING THE ROMER’S HYPOTHESIS AND OPENNESS AND INFLATION RELATIONSHIP FOR PAKISTAN","authors":"Madiha Munir, Saira Tufail, M. Ahmed","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-09","url":null,"abstract":"The substantial economic integration coupled with the increased inflation becomes serious dilemma for developing economies. Inflation has recently emerged as the major economic issue, making it necessary to investigate the additional causes of this issue. This study revisited the age-old subject of how openness affects inflation, utilizing time-series data from 1990 to 2021 for Pakistan. Primary goal of study is to investigate Romer hypothesis and relationship between openness as well as inflation in Pakistan using Co-integration analysis. Other explanatory variables are the growth of real agriculture value added, an average annual growth rate of money, and quasi-money and openness of economy. Though openness and inflation have a positive long-run relationship, there is no evidence of a short-run relationship, refuting Romer's argument for Pakistan. Present study offered signifncant information through results and support from previous studies in reaching the conclusion about inflation and its main reasons behand. Additionally, it offers renewed perspectives on how inflation is affected by global economic integration and how it thus undesarbaly influenced the financial growth from different dimensions that further hinders sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82519628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to find out how important macroeconomic factors have affected the growth of Islamic banking sector in Pakistan. At the moment, Islamic banking is one of the industries that is expanding at one of quickest rates across Islamic world, particularly in Pakistan. The rate of foreign direct investment and the number of remittances were the two macroeconomic factors that the researchers looked at in order to evaluate whether or not macroeconomic variables had effect on Islamic banking growth. Scholars used model known as autoregressive distributed lag model, and they used quarterly data for all variables between years 2005 and 2021. As per results of long-run ARDL that were evaluated, foreign direct investment (FDI) has a negative and insignificant impact on growth of Islamic banking in short term, whereas remittances have positive and insignificant effect on growth of the Islamic banking. Both FDI and remittances have a positive effect on growth of Islamic banking in Pakistan over long term, with the remittances having a greater influence than FDI. In spite of fact that Islamic banks and non-Islamic banks are in competition with one another, existence of Islamic banks in a country provides solution that is acceptable for people who are religiously inclined and makes a substantial contribution to expansion of the banking sector.
{"title":"EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT RATES AND REMITTANCES ON ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS' GROWTH IN EMERGING ECONOMIES","authors":"Raja Arslan Mushtaq, A. Sohail, Ahmed Saeed","doi":"10.51380/gujr-39-01-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-39-01-01","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to find out how important macroeconomic factors have affected the growth of Islamic banking sector in Pakistan. At the moment, Islamic banking is one of the industries that is expanding at one of quickest rates across Islamic world, particularly in Pakistan. The rate of foreign direct investment and the number of remittances were the two macroeconomic factors that the researchers looked at in order to evaluate whether or not macroeconomic variables had effect on Islamic banking growth. Scholars used model known as autoregressive distributed lag model, and they used quarterly data for all variables between years 2005 and 2021. As per results of long-run ARDL that were evaluated, foreign direct investment (FDI) has a negative and insignificant impact on growth of Islamic banking in short term, whereas remittances have positive and insignificant effect on growth of the Islamic banking. Both FDI and remittances have a positive effect on growth of Islamic banking in Pakistan over long term, with the remittances having a greater influence than FDI. In spite of fact that Islamic banks and non-Islamic banks are in competition with one another, existence of Islamic banks in a country provides solution that is acceptable for people who are religiously inclined and makes a substantial contribution to expansion of the banking sector.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79999668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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