Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are rodents that feed on grassy plants, buds and sprouts, with cheek teeth having specialised abrasive surfaces for plant grinding. In analysing the prehension and trituration ways of guinea pigs, many differences concerning mandible conformation, the positioning of cheek teeth and the morphology of the masticatory muscles compared to other rodents were found. Masticatory muscles of guinea pigs are predominant compared to the mimetic muscles which are reduced. Compared to other rodents, in guinea pigs, inside the tendon thickness of the superficial part of the masseter muscle there are two rounded cartilaginous structures such as sesamoids. The dorsal one is larger, measuring about 3–4 mm in diameter having the role of reducing pressure on the tendon when it passes over the mandible ridge. The other is ventrally placed, about 2–3 mm in size and protects the tendon of the superficial part of the masseter muscle when it passes over the ventral tubercle of the mandible.
{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF THE MASTICATORY APPARATUS OF GUINEA PIGS (Cavia porcellus)","authors":"C. Spataru, M. Spataru","doi":"10.46909/alse-561090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561090","url":null,"abstract":"Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are rodents that feed on grassy plants, buds and sprouts, with cheek teeth having specialised abrasive surfaces for plant grinding. In analysing the prehension and trituration ways of guinea pigs, many differences concerning mandible conformation, the positioning of cheek teeth and the morphology of the masticatory muscles compared to other rodents were found. Masticatory muscles of guinea pigs are predominant compared to the mimetic muscles which are reduced. Compared to other rodents, in guinea pigs, inside the tendon thickness of the superficial part of the masseter muscle there are two rounded cartilaginous structures such as sesamoids. The dorsal one is larger, measuring about 3–4 mm in diameter having the role of reducing pressure on the tendon when it passes over the mandible ridge. The other is ventrally placed, about 2–3 mm in size and protects the tendon of the superficial part of the masseter muscle when it passes over the ventral tubercle of the mandible.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82128812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to identify the morphoclinical and paraclinical elements useful in the diagnosis of FIP, given that the symptoms are sometimes uncharacteristic, varied and often similar to those of other diseases. The morphoclinical features of 32 patients diagnosed with FIP were evaluated. In 26 patients (81.25%), the predominant symptomatology was similar: intermittent fever, loss of appetite, weakness, dyspnoea and physical signs of peritoneal fluid collection. The peritoneal puncture fluid was inflammatory, with numerous large phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages), lymphocytes and, in some cases, red blood cells. The cell blood count (CBC) showed the existence of normocytic, hypochromic and hypoplastic anaemia and the presence of an active systemic inflammatory process, confirmed by the presence of aggregated platelets and segmented and vacuolated neutrophils in the stained smear May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG). Biochemical blood examination revealed the evolution of a physiopathological syndrome of hepatocytolysis, increased tissue catabolism and haemolytic anaemia. These results confirm that FIP is usually a systemic disease with polymorphic clinical signs, and biochemical blood tests, unlike CBC, have more prognostic value and lower value for suspecting the disease. However, sometimes, lesions and associated clinical signs in a single organ predominate. Thus, in three patients (9.37%), the predominant symptomatology was hepato-digestive with hepatocellular jaundice; one patient had obvious clinical signs of renal failure, one had signs of cortical syndrome, and one patient showed periosteal lesions (granulomatous osteitis). These results indicate that some less common lesions in cats, such as osteitis granulomatous, should be included in the list of FIP lesions.
{"title":"MORPHOCLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL FEATURES OF FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)","authors":"V. Boghian","doi":"10.46909/alse-561089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561089","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to identify the morphoclinical and paraclinical elements useful in the diagnosis of FIP, given that the symptoms are sometimes uncharacteristic, varied and often similar to those of other diseases. The morphoclinical features of 32 patients diagnosed with FIP were evaluated. In 26 patients (81.25%), the predominant symptomatology was similar: intermittent fever, loss of appetite, weakness, dyspnoea and physical signs of peritoneal fluid collection. The peritoneal puncture fluid was inflammatory, with numerous large phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages), lymphocytes and, in some cases, red blood cells. The cell blood count (CBC) showed the existence of normocytic, hypochromic and hypoplastic anaemia and the presence of an active systemic inflammatory process, confirmed by the presence of aggregated platelets and segmented and vacuolated neutrophils in the stained smear May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG). Biochemical blood examination revealed the evolution of a physiopathological syndrome of hepatocytolysis, increased tissue catabolism and haemolytic anaemia. These results confirm that FIP is usually a systemic disease with polymorphic clinical signs, and biochemical blood tests, unlike CBC, have more prognostic value and lower value for suspecting the disease. However, sometimes, lesions and associated clinical signs in a single organ predominate. Thus, in three patients (9.37%), the predominant symptomatology was hepato-digestive with hepatocellular jaundice; one patient had obvious clinical signs of renal failure, one had signs of cortical syndrome, and one patient showed periosteal lesions (granulomatous osteitis). These results indicate that some less common lesions in cats, such as osteitis granulomatous, should be included in the list of FIP lesions.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75932053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although retained surgical sponges are rarely reported, their clinical aspect can sometimes vary and therefore, the diagnosis can be challenging. An eight-year-old mixed breed dog was brought in for a skin lesion on the lateral abdominal wall that appeared nine weeks previously, which could not be treated even though both local and general therapy had been carried out. During antibiotic administration, the dog’s condition improved, but once the treatment was completed, the wound and secretions started to reappear. Diagnosis of a retained surgical gauze was based on history, clinical signs, radiological examination and confirmed by surgical exploration. This article aims to describe the clinical and surgical findings of this pathology, which appeared four years after the surgical procedure, in order to disseminate knowledge about the complications that may occur if negligence, disorganisation or lack of emergency protocols exists.
{"title":"RETAINED SURGICAL SPONGE IN A DOG: CLINICAL ASPECTS AND SURGICAL APPROACH","authors":"L. Burtan, Alexandra Ciubotariu","doi":"10.46909/alse-561088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561088","url":null,"abstract":"Although retained surgical sponges are rarely reported, their clinical aspect can sometimes vary and therefore, the diagnosis can be challenging. An eight-year-old mixed breed dog was brought in for a skin lesion on the lateral abdominal wall that appeared nine weeks previously, which could not be treated even though both local and general therapy had been carried out. During antibiotic administration, the dog’s condition improved, but once the treatment was completed, the wound and secretions started to reappear. Diagnosis of a retained surgical gauze was based on history, clinical signs, radiological examination and confirmed by surgical exploration. This article aims to describe the clinical and surgical findings of this pathology, which appeared four years after the surgical procedure, in order to disseminate knowledge about the complications that may occur if negligence, disorganisation or lack of emergency protocols exists.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89830122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Mariana Diaconu, A. Trifu, G. Plăvan, A. Ciobica, S. Cojocaru
The article focuses on a synthetic presentation of environmental legislation and policies at national and European level, based on the analysis of government strategies that aim to improve living standards through education starting from an early level, through the implementation of waste management resulting from industrial and domestic activities, through the modernization of the rural environment as a result of the financing of water supply, access programme to alternative energy and specifically gas.
{"title":"CURRENT ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS AND INTERVENTIONS IN EUROPE - RESEARCH FOCUS ON HUMAN HEALTH","authors":"Carmen Mariana Diaconu, A. Trifu, G. Plăvan, A. Ciobica, S. Cojocaru","doi":"10.46909/alse-561087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561087","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on a synthetic presentation of environmental legislation and policies at national and European level, based on the analysis of government strategies that aim to improve living standards through education starting from an early level, through the implementation of waste management resulting from industrial and domestic activities, through the modernization of the rural environment as a result of the financing of water supply, access programme to alternative energy and specifically gas.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77657758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During an annual cycle, fruit trees go through developmental stages, characterised by a higher demand for some mineral elements, called critical periods, which coincide with the phenophases of bud opening and shoot initiation. Research on mineral nutrition in fruit growing has highlighted that the maximum consumption of nutrients is during the period of shoot growth, fruit development and differentiation of fruit buds. In apple, flowering is influenced more by the time of fertiliser application and the form of nitrogen than by the amount applied, as apple has high requirements for the element phosphorus in the phenophases of intense shoot growth and wood maturation. Fertilisation with NPK increased apple yield for both fertilisation treatments compared to the unfertilised control treatments. After applying 270 kg·ha⁻¹ NPK in the first year of the experiment, very significant production increases were obtained, 4.46t·ha⁻¹, with a content of 16% dry matter, 13.13°Brix soluble matter and a titratable acidity of 0.465 mg malic acid/100 g.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF MINIMAL NPK FERTILISATION ON THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF APPLE YIELDS","authors":"D. Bolohan, M. Volf, L. Raus","doi":"10.46909/alse-561086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561086","url":null,"abstract":"During an annual cycle, fruit trees go through developmental stages, characterised by a higher demand for some mineral elements, called critical periods, which coincide with the phenophases of bud opening and shoot initiation. Research on mineral nutrition in fruit growing has highlighted that the maximum consumption of nutrients is during the period of shoot growth, fruit development and differentiation of fruit buds. In apple, flowering is influenced more by the time of fertiliser application and the form of nitrogen than by the amount applied, as apple has high requirements for the element phosphorus in the phenophases of intense shoot growth and wood maturation. Fertilisation with NPK increased apple yield for both fertilisation treatments compared to the unfertilised control treatments. After applying 270 kg·ha⁻¹ NPK in the first year of the experiment, very significant production increases were obtained, 4.46t·ha⁻¹, with a content of 16% dry matter, 13.13°Brix soluble matter and a titratable acidity of 0.465 mg malic acid/100 g.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88226861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rusu, I. Cara, Manuela Filip, Anca Elena Anca-Elena CALISTRU, D. Țopa, G. Jităreanu
Currently, global environmental concerns about heavy metal pollution are driven by rapid urbanization and industrial development. Therefore, a field study was conducted to assess the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Co, Zn, Ni and Cu) in orchard soils and its transfer to two plum varieties (Stanley and Anna Späth) at Adamachi Farm – Iasi University of Life Sciences (IULS). In addition, heavy metal transfer (MTF), daily metals intake (DIM) and the index of health risk (HRI) were evaluated. The concentration of Pb, Co, Zn, Ni and Cu in soil and plum leaves samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion with a mixture of HNO3 (65%), HCl (37%) and HClO4 (60%). Metal concentration patterns occurred as follows 130.65>76.6>30.36> 21.69>13.26 mg/kg for Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Co in soil samples and 20.16>10.00> 2.10>1.68 mg/kg for Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb in plum leaves, while Co residue was not detected. The maximum heavy metal concentrations were found at the soil surface (0 – 30 cm depth) due to soil organo-mineral content and antifungal treatments. The health risk index predicted (HRI) for adults as well as children was in the sequence Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn, suggesting no health risk with values that did not exceed the safe limit (1). Therefore, it is essential to manage the causes and sources of heavy metal transfer prudently and effectively in order to prevent environmental contamination.
当前，全球对重金属污染的关注是在快速城市化和工业化发展的推动下产生的。为此，在日本雅西生命科学大学Adamachi农场对果园土壤中重金属(Pb、Co、Zn、Ni和Cu)的浓度及其在两个李子品种(Stanley和Anna Späth)上的转移进行了实地研究。此外，还对重金属转移(MTF)、每日金属摄入量(DIM)和健康风险指数(HRI)进行了评价。采用HNO3(65%)、HCl(37%)和HClO4(60%)混合酸消解后的原子吸收光谱法测定土壤和李叶样品中Pb、Co、Zn、Ni和Cu的浓度。土壤样品中Cu、Zn、Ni、Pb、Co的富集规律为:130.65>76.6>30.36> 21.69>13.26 mg/kg，李子叶片中Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb的富集规律为:20.16>10.00> 2.10>1.68 mg/kg，未检出Co残留。土壤表层(0 ~ 30 cm)重金属含量最高，主要受土壤有机无机含量和抗真菌处理的影响。成人和儿童的健康风险预测指数(HRI)均为Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn，未超过安全限值，无健康风险(1)。因此，应谨慎有效地管理重金属转移的原因和来源，防止环境污染。
{"title":"TRANSFER OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL IN-PLUM CULTIVATION: A FIELD STUDY IN ADAMACHI IASI, ROMANIA","authors":"M. Rusu, I. Cara, Manuela Filip, Anca Elena Anca-Elena CALISTRU, D. Țopa, G. Jităreanu","doi":"10.46909/alse-561085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561085","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, global environmental concerns about heavy metal pollution are driven by rapid urbanization and industrial development. Therefore, a field study was conducted to assess the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Co, Zn, Ni and Cu) in orchard soils and its transfer to two plum varieties (Stanley and Anna Späth) at Adamachi Farm – Iasi University of Life Sciences (IULS). In addition, heavy metal transfer (MTF), daily metals intake (DIM) and the index of health risk (HRI) were evaluated. The concentration of Pb, Co, Zn, Ni and Cu in soil and plum leaves samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion with a mixture of HNO3 (65%), HCl (37%) and HClO4 (60%). Metal concentration patterns occurred as follows 130.65>76.6>30.36> 21.69>13.26 mg/kg for Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Co in soil samples and 20.16>10.00> 2.10>1.68 mg/kg for Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb in plum leaves, while Co residue was not detected. The maximum heavy metal concentrations were found at the soil surface (0 – 30 cm depth) due to soil organo-mineral content and antifungal treatments. The health risk index predicted (HRI) for adults as well as children was in the sequence Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn, suggesting no health risk with values that did not exceed the safe limit (1). Therefore, it is essential to manage the causes and sources of heavy metal transfer prudently and effectively in order to prevent environmental contamination.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85208472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ratu, M. Usturoi, Razvan Mihail RADU RUSU, I. Veleșcu, F. Lipșa, V. Arsenoaia, A. Postolache, I. Crivei, P. Cârlescu
Large amounts of chemicals with useful properties can be found in by-products of the processing of grapes. Consumer interest in functional foods has increased recently, with dairy products dominating this market. Constituents from grape-based by-products that are naturally occurring in grapes have the potential to enhance the functional qualities of dairy products and lessen environmental damage. As a result, the goal of this research is to provide crucial information on the use of grape skin powder as a helpful ingredient in the manufacture of cheese. In this study, grape skin powder (GSP) was added to cheese to increase its bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content (TPC) was significantly greater in the enriched cheese (5.483±0.443 mg C3G/100 g DW). Adding 2% grape skin powder to the cheese formulation gave an increase of 0.295 mg CE/g DW of TFC and 2.046 mg GAE/g DW of TPC. The GSP-supplemented cheese also showed greater antioxidant activity than the control. This study demonstrates that grape by-products can effectively transfer beneficial compounds to cheese.
{"title":"EFFECT OF GRAPE SKIN POWDER ADDITION ON CHEMICAL, NUTRITIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEESE","authors":"R. Ratu, M. Usturoi, Razvan Mihail RADU RUSU, I. Veleșcu, F. Lipșa, V. Arsenoaia, A. Postolache, I. Crivei, P. Cârlescu","doi":"10.46909/alse-561084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561084","url":null,"abstract":"Large amounts of chemicals with useful properties can be found in by-products of the processing of grapes. Consumer interest in functional foods has increased recently, with dairy products dominating this market. Constituents from grape-based by-products that are naturally occurring in grapes have the potential to enhance the functional qualities of dairy products and lessen environmental damage. As a result, the goal of this research is to provide crucial information on the use of grape skin powder as a helpful ingredient in the manufacture of cheese. In this study, grape skin powder (GSP) was added to cheese to increase its bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content (TPC) was significantly greater in the enriched cheese (5.483±0.443 mg C3G/100 g DW). Adding 2% grape skin powder to the cheese formulation gave an increase of 0.295 mg CE/g DW of TFC and 2.046 mg GAE/g DW of TPC. The GSP-supplemented cheese also showed greater antioxidant activity than the control. This study demonstrates that grape by-products can effectively transfer beneficial compounds to cheese.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81222424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green façades are gradually gaining popularity and may become a modern architectural solution for higher microclimate quality and better urban comfort in densely populated urban areas. This study aimed to monitor the behaviour of Cineraria maritima planted in green façade systems oriented towards four cardinal points in the specific climatic conditions of northeastern Romania in order to test its adaptability and growth in this system. Comparisons were made of its behaviour between the façades of the experimental structure, and between the façades of the experimental structure and the traditional ‘planted in soil’ variant (control variant). Cineraria maritima exhibited good adaptability to vertical cultivation, maintaining its aesthetic properties throughout the growing season. All specimens that overwintered on the façades successfully survived the cold season of 2021–2022 without requiring any cutting or protection measures.
{"title":"GROWTH ANALYSIS OF Cineraria maritima PLANTS IN GREEN FAÇADE SYSTEMS: NORTHEASTERN ROMANIA CLIMATE STUDY","authors":"M. Cojocariu, E. Chelariu, C. Chiruță","doi":"10.46909/alse-561083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561083","url":null,"abstract":"Green façades are gradually gaining popularity and may become a modern architectural solution for higher microclimate quality and better urban comfort in densely populated urban areas. This study aimed to monitor the behaviour of Cineraria maritima planted in green façade systems oriented towards four cardinal points in the specific climatic conditions of northeastern Romania in order to test its adaptability and growth in this system. Comparisons were made of its behaviour between the façades of the experimental structure, and between the façades of the experimental structure and the traditional ‘planted in soil’ variant (control variant). Cineraria maritima exhibited good adaptability to vertical cultivation, maintaining its aesthetic properties throughout the growing season. All specimens that overwintered on the façades successfully survived the cold season of 2021–2022 without requiring any cutting or protection measures.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85707047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pre-slaughter handling and transport of pigs can cause stress and negatively affect the quality of meat. This article aims to investigate the impact of pre-slaughter stress on meat quality. The literature suggests that pre-slaughter stress has a significant impact on meat quality, resulting in lower meat pH, increased drip loss, and decreased meat tenderness. When the body experiences stress, cortisol triggers the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, which provides energy for the body to respond to the stressful situation. Both serum cortisol and blood glucose levels increased post-slaughter, with a post-slaughter mean value of 7.28 µg/dl for serum cortisol (compared to the initial mean value of 6.08 µg/dl), while the blood glucose values revealed a highly catabolic state, with mean post-slaughter values of 143.24 mg/dl compared to 129.11 mg/dl mean pre-slaughter results. The study highlights a direct relationship between increased serum cortisol levels and blood glucose values when comparing the pre-and post-slaughter values with the normal reference ranges, with a highly significant correlation between the mentioned parameters (p<0.01). The article also explores potential pre-slaughter indicators such as cortisol and blood glucose levels for predicting stress and meat quality in pigs. Improving pre-slaughter handling and reducing stress can lead to improved meat quality and economic benefits for the pork industry. In terms of pH24, a trust coefficient of 5.46–5.50 revealed the impact of pre-slaughter stress on meat pH, resulting in possible inferior meat in terms of quality. The study results showed a highly significant correlation between the cortisol and blood glucose values recorded post-slaughter and pH24 (p<0.05), emphasizing the impact of stress on meat quality and suggesting that both serum cortisol and blood glucose values can be used as specific indicators of meat pH and ultimately meat quality.
{"title":"INDICATORS OF PRE-SLAUGHTER STRESS IN PIGS AND THEIR IMPACT ON MEAT QUALITY","authors":"V. Arsenoaia, R. Malancus","doi":"10.46909/alse-561082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561082","url":null,"abstract":"The pre-slaughter handling and transport of pigs can cause stress and negatively affect the quality of meat. This article aims to investigate the impact of pre-slaughter stress on meat quality. The literature suggests that pre-slaughter stress has a significant impact on meat quality, resulting in lower meat pH, increased drip loss, and decreased meat tenderness. When the body experiences stress, cortisol triggers the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, which provides energy for the body to respond to the stressful situation. Both serum cortisol and blood glucose levels increased post-slaughter, with a post-slaughter mean value of 7.28 µg/dl for serum cortisol (compared to the initial mean value of 6.08 µg/dl), while the blood glucose values revealed a highly catabolic state, with mean post-slaughter values of 143.24 mg/dl compared to 129.11 mg/dl mean pre-slaughter results. The study highlights a direct relationship between increased serum cortisol levels and blood glucose values when comparing the pre-and post-slaughter values with the normal reference ranges, with a highly significant correlation between the mentioned parameters (p<0.01). The article also explores potential pre-slaughter indicators such as cortisol and blood glucose levels for predicting stress and meat quality in pigs. Improving pre-slaughter handling and reducing stress can lead to improved meat quality and economic benefits for the pork industry. In terms of pH24, a trust coefficient of 5.46–5.50 revealed the impact of pre-slaughter stress on meat pH, resulting in possible inferior meat in terms of quality. The study results showed a highly significant correlation between the cortisol and blood glucose values recorded post-slaughter and pH24 (p<0.05), emphasizing the impact of stress on meat quality and suggesting that both serum cortisol and blood glucose values can be used as specific indicators of meat pH and ultimately meat quality.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86429987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana-Maria-Roxana Hangan, M. Cojocariu, D. Dascălu, E. Chelariu, V. Stoleru
Ornamental vegetable gardens have many benefits. They are aesthetic, educational, ecological, economical, sanitary, and are a source of fresh food. Small allotments in urban and peri-urban areas do not allow the implementation of utilitarian gardens. Thus, ornamental vegetable gardens are the best choice. Raised beds can be used to enhance the decorative effect of the entire vegetable garden. This type of construction presents, in turn, several advantages both for the user and crop: reduced effort for maintenance work, early heating of the substrate, loose substrate, reduced volume of weeds, efficient use of space for plants, etc. Establishing ornamental vegetable gardens on raised beds is easily achieved using geometric modules, as they can be adapted to various designs. This paper presents several design options for a decorative vegetable garden on private properties. The case studies presented showed different methods of using modular raised beds depending on the property's area, the owner's wishes, and the desired area to be planted. Also, depending on the results obtained from the experimental batch, three other variations of modular layouts with different purposes were proposed: focal point, physically closed but visually open space, and relaxation space.
{"title":"ORNAMENTAL VEGETABLE GARDEN DESIGN POSSIBILITIES USING MODULAR RAISED BEDS","authors":"Ana-Maria-Roxana Hangan, M. Cojocariu, D. Dascălu, E. Chelariu, V. Stoleru","doi":"10.46909/alse-561081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/alse-561081","url":null,"abstract":"Ornamental vegetable gardens have many benefits. They are aesthetic, educational, ecological, economical, sanitary, and are a source of fresh food. Small allotments in urban and peri-urban areas do not allow the implementation of utilitarian gardens. Thus, ornamental vegetable gardens are the best choice. Raised beds can be used to enhance the decorative effect of the entire vegetable garden. This type of construction presents, in turn, several advantages both for the user and crop: reduced effort for maintenance work, early heating of the substrate, loose substrate, reduced volume of weeds, efficient use of space for plants, etc. Establishing ornamental vegetable gardens on raised beds is easily achieved using geometric modules, as they can be adapted to various designs. This paper presents several design options for a decorative vegetable garden on private properties. The case studies presented showed different methods of using modular raised beds depending on the property's area, the owner's wishes, and the desired area to be planted. Also, depending on the results obtained from the experimental batch, three other variations of modular layouts with different purposes were proposed: focal point, physically closed but visually open space, and relaxation space.","PeriodicalId":18217,"journal":{"name":"March 16","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85058202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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