Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.114000
Hasan Eskalen , Mustafa Kavgacı , Hakan Yaykaşlı , Ömer Söğüt , Mustafa Recep Kaçal
This research investigates the production and characterisation of lead-free borate glasses infused with lanthanum oxide (La2O3) for radiation shielding purposes. The glasses were fabricated by the melt-quenching technique, and their optical, thermal, mechanical, and radiation shielding characteristics were methodically examined. The addition of La2O3 markedly improved the density and thermal stability of the glasses. Quantitative examination indicated a significant rise in glass density with increasing La2O3 concentration, reaching 2.693 g/cm3 for the sample containing 1.00 mol % La2O3. The thermal stability improved, with the glass transition temperature (Tg) increasing to 460°C at the maximum La2O3 concentration. Mechanical testing showed an increase in microhardness, reaching a maximum value of 4.65 GPa at 0.25 mol % La2O3. The findings indicate that La2O3-doped borate glasses have advantageous characteristics for sophisticated radiation shielding materials, including improved optical clarity, thermal stability, and mechanical strength.
{"title":"The impact of low-concentration lanthanum oxide doping on borate glass characteristics: a comprehensive examination of radiation shielding, mechanical, and optical performance","authors":"Hasan Eskalen , Mustafa Kavgacı , Hakan Yaykaşlı , Ömer Söğüt , Mustafa Recep Kaçal","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.114000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.114000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the production and characterisation of lead-free borate glasses infused with lanthanum oxide (La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) for radiation shielding purposes. The glasses were fabricated by the melt-quenching technique, and their optical, thermal, mechanical, and radiation shielding characteristics were methodically examined. The addition of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> markedly improved the density and thermal stability of the glasses. Quantitative examination indicated a significant rise in glass density with increasing La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> concentration, reaching 2.693 g/cm<sup>3</sup> for the sample containing 1.00 mol % La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The thermal stability improved, with the glass transition temperature (Tg) increasing to 460°C at the maximum La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> concentration. Mechanical testing showed an increase in microhardness, reaching a maximum value of 4.65 GPa at 0.25 mol % La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The findings indicate that La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-doped borate glasses have advantageous characteristics for sophisticated radiation shielding materials, including improved optical clarity, thermal stability, and mechanical strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Near-infrared-emitting scintillators have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in dose-field monitoring and biological imaging in recent years. Vanadate-type materials possess a relatively small band gap (Eg, e.g., ∼3.5 eV for YVO4) in scintillator materials; thus, they are expected to show high scintillation efficiency. In this paper, scintillation properties of Sr2(La1-xNdx)2/3V2O8 single crystals (SC) are evaluated. The x = 0% sample shows scintillation due to charge transfer from O2- to V5+ inside [VO4]3- and detects the dose rate of 4.5 Gy/h. The x ≥ 1% samples exhibit scintillation due to the 4f–4f transitions of Nd3+, successfully detecting dose rates of 0.45 Gy/h (x = 1% sample) and 0.045 Gy/h (x = 5% and 10% samples). Based on these results, the scintillation performance of Sr2(La1-xNdx)2/3V2O8 SC outperforms that of La1-xNdxVO4 SC.
{"title":"Photoluminescence and scintillation properties of pure and Nd-doped Sr2La2/3V2O8 single crystals","authors":"Yusuke Endo, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Near-infrared-emitting scintillators have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in dose-field monitoring and biological imaging in recent years. Vanadate-type materials possess a relatively small band gap (<em>E</em><sub>g</sub>, e.g., ∼3.5 eV for YVO<sub>4</sub>) in scintillator materials; thus, they are expected to show high scintillation efficiency. In this paper, scintillation properties of Sr<sub>2</sub>(La<sub>1-</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em>Nd<em><sub>x</sub></em>)<sub>2/3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> single crystals (SC) are evaluated. The <em>x</em> = 0% sample shows scintillation due to charge transfer from O<sup>2-</sup> to V<sup>5+</sup> inside [VO<sub>4</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> and detects the dose rate of 4.5 Gy/h. The <em>x</em> ≥ 1% samples exhibit scintillation due to the 4f–4f transitions of Nd<sup>3+</sup>, successfully detecting dose rates of 0.45 Gy/h (<em>x</em> = 1% sample) and 0.045 Gy/h (<em>x</em> = 5% and 10% samples). Based on these results, the scintillation performance of Sr<sub>2</sub>(La<sub>1-</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em>Nd<em><sub>x</sub></em>)<sub>2/3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> SC outperforms that of La<sub>1-</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em>Nd<em><sub>x</sub></em>VO<sub>4</sub> SC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113999"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The abundance and diverse photophysical properties of near-infrared (NIR) and ultraviolet (UV) light-activated rare-earth (RE) doped nanophosphors (NPs) make them highly significant. NIR/UV-active lanthanide (Ln) doped upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) and downconversion nanophosphors (DCNPs) are synthesised using controlled protocols that optimise their shape, size, and surface modification, which enhances their properties. These materials can be utilised in various photonic devices, as well as for understanding biological processes related to diagnosis and therapy. UCNPs have unique advantages, including deep tissue penetration (∼cm), low photobleaching, photostability, reduced toxicity, sharp emission spectral lines, and a long anti-Stokes shift. This review provides a comprehensive overview of RE-activated NPs. We discuss the fundamentals of these materials, along with the mechanisms that explain the downconversion and upconversion processes. Additionally, we survey the synthesis strategies for NPs, surface functionalization processes, and their unique optical properties. These nanomaterials have demonstrated significant applications in specific areas, including bioimaging, drug delivery, and sensing. We also review recent advancements and studies conducted on animal models within these fields. Finally, we explore the applications of NPs in other areas, summarising our findings and discussing future perspectives and challenges.
{"title":"Emerging trends in rare-earth doped luminescent nanophosphors: Synthesis, advances and applications","authors":"Himani Thakur , Neeraj Kumar Mishra , Rajesh Kumar Singh , Bheeshma Pratap Singh , Rajesh Kumar , Arvind K. Gathania","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The abundance and diverse photophysical properties of near-infrared (NIR) and ultraviolet (UV) light-activated rare-earth (RE) doped nanophosphors (NPs) make them highly significant. NIR/UV-active lanthanide (Ln) doped upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) and downconversion nanophosphors (DCNPs) are synthesised using controlled protocols that optimise their shape, size, and surface modification, which enhances their properties. These materials can be utilised in various photonic devices, as well as for understanding biological processes related to diagnosis and therapy. UCNPs have unique advantages, including deep tissue penetration (∼cm), low photobleaching, photostability, reduced toxicity, sharp emission spectral lines, and a long anti-Stokes shift. This review provides a comprehensive overview of RE-activated NPs. We discuss the fundamentals of these materials, along with the mechanisms that explain the downconversion and upconversion processes. Additionally, we survey the synthesis strategies for NPs, surface functionalization processes, and their unique optical properties. These nanomaterials have demonstrated significant applications in specific areas, including bioimaging, drug delivery, and sensing. We also review recent advancements and studies conducted on animal models within these fields. Finally, we explore the applications of NPs in other areas, summarising our findings and discussing future perspectives and challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113997"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113998
Huixia Li , Hui Fan , Hongping Li , Liang Zhang , Xuan Guan , Yanjuan Cui
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from wastewater addresses the dual challenges of energy crisis and environmental pollution. A pyridine and carbon co-modified carbon nitride (UCN-D) bifunctional photocatalyst was successfully constructed via one-step thermal polymerization using 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (H2dcbpy) as a copolymerization monomer. This modification extends the π-conjugated system, optimizes visible light absorption, and creates an internal electric field with a significant dipole moment, facilitating the separation of photogenerated carriers. UCN-D achieves H2 production of 125.9 μmol·h-1 in pure water, which is 2.2 times that prior to modification. In simulated wastewater, it simultaneously degrades multiple organic pollutants while maintaining high hydrogen production, demonstating excellent bifunctionality and stability. Theoretical calculations further confirm that pyridine-ring modification reduces the band energy levels and enhances ·OH generation, a crucial factor promoting anaerobic degradation. This work presents a novel strategy for designing effective metal-free bifunctional catalysts aimed at synergistic environmental remediation and resource utilization.
{"title":"Pyridine and carbon co-modified carbon nitride for synergistic photocatalytic hydrogen production and pollutant degradation","authors":"Huixia Li , Hui Fan , Hongping Li , Liang Zhang , Xuan Guan , Yanjuan Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from wastewater addresses the dual challenges of energy crisis and environmental pollution. A pyridine and carbon co-modified carbon nitride (UCN-D) bifunctional photocatalyst was successfully constructed via one-step thermal polymerization using 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (H<sub>2</sub>dcbpy) as a copolymerization monomer. This modification extends the π-conjugated system, optimizes visible light absorption, and creates an internal electric field with a significant dipole moment, facilitating the separation of photogenerated carriers. UCN-D achieves H<sub>2</sub> production of 125.9 μmol·h<sup>-1</sup> in pure water, which is 2.2 times that prior to modification. In simulated wastewater, it simultaneously degrades multiple organic pollutants while maintaining high hydrogen production, demonstating excellent bifunctionality and stability. Theoretical calculations further confirm that pyridine-ring modification reduces the band energy levels and enhances ·OH generation, a crucial factor promoting anaerobic degradation. This work presents a novel strategy for designing effective metal-free bifunctional catalysts aimed at synergistic environmental remediation and resource utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113998"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The biosynthesis of semiconductor nanophotocatalysts using plant waste represents an environmentally benign and facile strategy. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles with spherical plate-like morphologies were synthesized using Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) seed extract. The mean crystallite sizes—14.92 nm, 24.98 nm, and 17.78 nm were determined through the Scherrer, W–H, and M–S methods, respectively, and the band gap was calculated to be 2.95 eV. Several physical parameters derived from XRD analysis were also evaluated for the ZnO nanoplates, including dislocation density (3.743 × 10⁻³), microstrain (6.806 × 10⁻³), atomic packing factor (0.7556), Zn–O bond length (1.9739 Å), unit cell volume (47.3409 ų), and density (5.68 g cm⁻³). PL, EDS, and XPS analyses confirmed the presence of oxygen defects within the ZnO crystal lattice. In the single-dye systems, the ZnO spherical nanoplates exhibited maximum photodegradation efficiencies of 97.39%, 86.57%, and 60.24% for Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB), Methylene Blue (MB), and Toluidine Blue (TB), respectively, at pH 10, while Rhodamine B (RhB) showed 42.72% degradation at pH 5 under visible-light irradiation. The mixed-dye solution also underwent effective photodegradation, attributable to the reduced band gap and the suppression of electron–hole recombination resulting from defect formation within the lattice. These defects facilitated charge migration and prolonged charge-carrier lifetime by delaying recombination. Hydroxyl radicals were identified as the predominant reactive species responsible for dye degradation, and the slight reduction in photocatalytic performance over four successive recycles demonstrated the good reusability and stability of the prepared ZnO.
{"title":"Green synthesis of spherical ZnO nanoplates possessing lower band gap energy and higher photocatalytic performance","authors":"Parmeshwar Lal Meena , Rohitash Meena , Jugmohan Meena , Sapna Meena , Ajay Kumar Surela , Nitin Kumar , Hari Ram Dhanetia , Manickam Selvaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biosynthesis of semiconductor nanophotocatalysts using plant waste represents an environmentally benign and facile strategy. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles with spherical plate-like morphologies were synthesized using Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) seed extract. The mean crystallite sizes—14.92 nm, 24.98 nm, and 17.78 nm were determined through the Scherrer, W–H, and M–S methods, respectively, and the band gap was calculated to be 2.95 eV. Several physical parameters derived from XRD analysis were also evaluated for the ZnO nanoplates, including dislocation density (3.743 × 10⁻³), microstrain (6.806 × 10⁻³), atomic packing factor (0.7556), Zn–O bond length (1.9739 Å), unit cell volume (47.3409 ų), and density (5.68 g cm⁻³). PL, EDS, and XPS analyses confirmed the presence of oxygen defects within the ZnO crystal lattice. In the single-dye systems, the ZnO spherical nanoplates exhibited maximum photodegradation efficiencies of 97.39%, 86.57%, and 60.24% for Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB), Methylene Blue (MB), and Toluidine Blue (TB), respectively, at pH 10, while Rhodamine B (RhB) showed 42.72% degradation at pH 5 under visible-light irradiation. The mixed-dye solution also underwent effective photodegradation, attributable to the reduced band gap and the suppression of electron–hole recombination resulting from defect formation within the lattice. These defects facilitated charge migration and prolonged charge-carrier lifetime by delaying recombination. Hydroxyl radicals were identified as the predominant reactive species responsible for dye degradation, and the slight reduction in photocatalytic performance over four successive recycles demonstrated the good reusability and stability of the prepared ZnO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113996"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113994
Muhammad Abdul , Mostafa A. Ismail , Sana Ben Khalifa , Zeineb Klai , Saleh Chebaane , Abdul Rasheed Rashid , Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
Scientists face a primary challenge to create effective electrocatalysts that preserve high performance together with operational stability for diverse operating environments during overall water splitting. This research introduced particles decorated sheets type material gC3N4/NiSeO4.H2O as a bi-metallic catalyst manufactured through a one-step hydrothermal synthesis that provided superior electronic and structural capabilities. Specialized interface engineering along with an optimized electronic structure brings about superior bifunctional catalytic activity in alkaline conditions. The gC3N4/NiSeO4.H2O requires a low overpotenial of 62 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 180 mV to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 10 mA cm-2. Furthermore, the resultant material shows 75 mV dec‑1 of Tafel slope for OER to confirm the reaction mechanism. In contrast, for large-scale electrochemical usage, the material's endurance is confirmed by its exceptional long-term stability, which includes steady performance over 45 h within the 10–100 mA cm-2 range. These findings highlight the potential for noble metal-free hybrid materials to improve electrocatalytic water splitting and promote sustainable energy conversion.
科学家们面临的主要挑战是创造出有效的电催化剂，在整个水分解过程中，在不同的操作环境中保持高性能和运行稳定性。本研究介绍了颗粒装饰片型材料gC3N4/NiSeO4。H2O是一种双金属催化剂，通过一步水热合成，具有优越的电子和结构性能。专门的界面工程和优化的电子结构使其在碱性条件下具有优异的双功能催化活性。gC3N4 / NiSeO4。H2O在10 mA cm-2下，析氢反应（HER）需要62 mV的低过电位，析氧反应（OER）需要180 mV的低过电位。此外，所得材料OER的Tafel斜率为75 mV dec - 1，证实了反应机理。相比之下，对于大规模的电化学应用，该材料的耐久性由其卓越的长期稳定性得到证实，包括在10-100 mA cm-2范围内超过45小时的稳定性能。这些发现突出了无贵金属杂化材料在改善电催化水分解和促进可持续能源转换方面的潜力。
{"title":"Engineered gC3N4/NiSeO4.H2O integrated sheet like shaped interfaces for efficient oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions","authors":"Muhammad Abdul , Mostafa A. Ismail , Sana Ben Khalifa , Zeineb Klai , Saleh Chebaane , Abdul Rasheed Rashid , Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scientists face a primary challenge to create effective electrocatalysts that preserve high performance together with operational stability for diverse operating environments during overall water splitting. This research introduced particles decorated sheets type material gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/NiSeO<sub>4</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>O as a bi-metallic catalyst manufactured through a one-step hydrothermal synthesis that provided superior electronic and structural capabilities. Specialized interface engineering along with an optimized electronic structure brings about superior bifunctional catalytic activity in alkaline conditions. The gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/NiSeO<sub>4</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>O requires a low overpotenial of 62 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 180 mV to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. Furthermore, the resultant material shows 75 mV dec<sup>‑1</sup> of Tafel slope for OER to confirm the reaction mechanism. In contrast, for large-scale electrochemical usage, the material's endurance is confirmed by its exceptional long-term stability, which includes steady performance over 45 h within the 10–100 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> range. These findings highlight the potential for noble metal-free hybrid materials to improve electrocatalytic water splitting and promote sustainable energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113994"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid growth of the global population has led to increase in energy demand, resulting in serious environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Achieving energy security and environmental sustainability therefore represents one of the most urgent scientific and technological challenges of the 21st century. In response, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a versatile class of functional materials, distinguished by their high surface area, tunable porosity, and structural diversity. Recent research has increasingly focused on the integration of polyoxometalates (POMs) within MOF architectures, giving rise to POM@MOF composites that exhibit synergistic physicochemical properties extending well beyond those of the individual components. These materials have demonstrated outstanding catalytic performance and align strongly with circular-economy principles, enabling efficient utilization of resources across a wide range of energy and environmental applications. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of recent advances in POM@MOF composites, with particular emphasis on their catalytic roles in CO2 reduction, wastewater treatment, fuel desulfurization, hydrogen evolution reactions, and energy storage technologies. Key reaction mechanisms are systematically analyzed to elucidate structure–activity relationships and performance-limiting factors. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are outlined to guide the rational design of next-generation POM@MOF composites that support sustainable development and contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
{"title":"Unlocking the opportunities of POM@MOF composites as next catalyst for energy and environmental remediation applications","authors":"Abdurrashid Haruna , Zakariyya Uba Zango , Muhammad Abubakar Lawal , Gazali Tanimu , Zaharadden N. Garba , Thompson Izuagie , Suleiman Gani Musa , Zulkfli Merican Aljunid Merican , Haruna Adamu , Ying Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of the global population has led to increase in energy demand, resulting in serious environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Achieving energy security and environmental sustainability therefore represents one of the most urgent scientific and technological challenges of the 21st century. In response, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a versatile class of functional materials, distinguished by their high surface area, tunable porosity, and structural diversity. Recent research has increasingly focused on the integration of polyoxometalates (POMs) within MOF architectures, giving rise to POM@MOF composites that exhibit synergistic physicochemical properties extending well beyond those of the individual components. These materials have demonstrated outstanding catalytic performance and align strongly with circular-economy principles, enabling efficient utilization of resources across a wide range of energy and environmental applications. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of recent advances in POM@MOF composites, with particular emphasis on their catalytic roles in CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, wastewater treatment, fuel desulfurization, hydrogen evolution reactions, and energy storage technologies. Key reaction mechanisms are systematically analyzed to elucidate structure–activity relationships and performance-limiting factors. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are outlined to guide the rational design of next-generation POM@MOF composites that support sustainable development and contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113993"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113992
Qinghong Han , Qingmiao Wang , Yue Wu , Si Wu , Yu Wang , Qing Ye , Shaoxian Song , Feifei Jia , Yanmei Li
The inert MoS₂ basal plane severely restricts its hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. This work systematically compares three Cd-based modification strategies (doping, Cd-MoS2; CdS heterojunction, CdS/MoS2; atomic clusters, Cd/MoS2) to activate the basal plane while retaining MoS2’s layered structure. Taking into account both catalytic activity and stability, Cd-MoS2 stands out with a ultralow overpotential of 113 mV at 10 mA·cm⁻2, a Tafel slope of 62 mV·dec⁻1, and robust long-term stability in alkaline media. DFT calculations confirm Cd optimizes ΔGH* to near-zero, narrows the bandgap, and enhances Fermi-level electron density via Cd-MoS2 orbital hybridization. This work uncovers Cd’s atomic-level modulation mechanism and provides a novel, comparative design blueprint for high-performance MoS2-based HER catalysts. These findings offer a strategic framework for the rational development of MoS2-based electrocatalysts for high-efficiency alkaline HER.
{"title":"Promotion of Cd species on the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of two-dimensional molybdenite","authors":"Qinghong Han , Qingmiao Wang , Yue Wu , Si Wu , Yu Wang , Qing Ye , Shaoxian Song , Feifei Jia , Yanmei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inert MoS₂ basal plane severely restricts its hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. This work systematically compares three Cd-based modification strategies (doping, Cd-MoS<sub>2</sub>; CdS heterojunction, CdS/MoS<sub>2</sub>; atomic clusters, Cd/MoS<sub>2</sub>) to activate the basal plane while retaining MoS<sub>2</sub>’s layered structure. <strong>Taking into account both catalytic activity and stability</strong>, Cd-MoS<sub>2</sub> stands out with a ultralow overpotential of 113 mV at 10 mA·cm⁻<sup>2</sup>, a Tafel slope of 62 mV·dec⁻<sup>1</sup>, and robust long-term stability in alkaline media. DFT calculations confirm Cd optimizes ΔG<sub>H*</sub> to near-zero, narrows the bandgap, and enhances Fermi-level electron density via Cd-MoS<sub>2</sub> orbital hybridization. This work uncovers Cd’s atomic-level modulation mechanism and provides a novel, comparative design blueprint for high-performance MoS<sub>2</sub>-based HER catalysts. These findings offer a strategic framework for the rational development of MoS<sub>2</sub>-based electrocatalysts for high-efficiency alkaline HER.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 113992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113990
Masoumeh Hasani, Fereshteh Emami
We present a single-sensor, fluorescence-based platform using amphiphilic polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (PMA-QDs) for detection of isoniazid (INH), hydrazine (HZ), lactose (LAC), their mixtures, and commercial tablet formulations. The PMA-QDs exhibit distinct fluorescence quenching patterns upon interaction with each analyte, creating unique molecular fingerprints. Chemometric analysis with principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) enabled accurate discrimination of individual compounds, mixtures, and tablet formulations, achieving 100% classification in leave-one-out cross-validation. The system showed high sensitivity to hydrazine, a toxic INH metabolite, detecting its formation under thermal stress and simulated in vitro metabolism. Furthermore, PMA-QDs distinguished between commercial INH tablet brands, demonstrating potential for quality control. Correlations between redox potentials and quenching efficiencies were observed, providing insight into the sensing mechanism. This versatile, multiplexed approach offers a practical strategy for drug screening, diagnostics, and metabolite monitoring in complex matrices.
{"title":"Fluorescence-based single-sensor platform using polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots for discrimination of isoniazid, hydrazine, lactose, and pharmaceutical tablets","authors":"Masoumeh Hasani, Fereshteh Emami","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a single-sensor, fluorescence-based platform using amphiphilic polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (PMA-QDs) for detection of isoniazid (INH), hydrazine (HZ), lactose (LAC), their mixtures, and commercial tablet formulations. The PMA-QDs exhibit distinct fluorescence quenching patterns upon interaction with each analyte, creating unique molecular fingerprints. Chemometric analysis with principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) enabled accurate discrimination of individual compounds, mixtures, and tablet formulations, achieving 100% classification in leave-one-out cross-validation. The system showed high sensitivity to hydrazine, a toxic INH metabolite, detecting its formation under thermal stress and simulated in vitro metabolism. Furthermore, PMA-QDs distinguished between commercial INH tablet brands, demonstrating potential for quality control. Correlations between redox potentials and quenching efficiencies were observed, providing insight into the sensing mechanism. This versatile, multiplexed approach offers a practical strategy for drug screening, diagnostics, and metabolite monitoring in complex matrices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 113990"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113991
Ying Yang , Yiqi Yu , Liuzhen Feng , Renfu Li , Zhiwen Ao , Jinmin Zhang , Yijian Sun , Jinsheng Liao
A series of (KMg)0.6Lu1.4(MoO4)3: Yb3+/Ho3+ (KMLMO: Yb/Ho) phosphors were synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. Experiments demonstrated that the optimal KMLMO:30%Yb/1%Ho phosphor is a two-dimensional negative thermal expansion material. At 980 nm excitation, KMLMO: Yb/Ho phosphor exhibits distinct upconversion emission peaks at 543 and 662 nm. As temperature increases, the non-radiative relaxations (NR1: 5I6→5I7 and NR2: 5F4/5S2→5F5) of Ho3+ are enhanced, resulting in red light emission undergoing less quenching than green light; consequently, the emitted light of phosphor shifts from yellow-green to orange-red, cleverly utilizing this feature to achieve temperature visualization. Based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (I662 nm/I543 nm) of Ho3+, the relative sensitivity of the phosphor is as high as 0.46% K⁻¹ at 448 K and the repeatability is >98.3% at whole temperature range. Overall, all findings demonstrate that KMLMO: 30%Yb/1%Ho phosphor is a promising optical material for temperature sensing.
{"title":"Thermal induced upconversion luminescence modulation and optical temperature sensing of (KMg)0.6Lu1.4(MoO4)3: Yb3+/Ho3+ phosphors","authors":"Ying Yang , Yiqi Yu , Liuzhen Feng , Renfu Li , Zhiwen Ao , Jinmin Zhang , Yijian Sun , Jinsheng Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.113991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of (KMg)<sub>0.6</sub>Lu<sub>1.4</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>: Yb<sup>3+</sup>/Ho<sup>3+</sup> (KMLMO: Yb/Ho) phosphors were synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. Experiments demonstrated that the optimal KMLMO:30%Yb/1%Ho phosphor is a two-dimensional negative thermal expansion material. At 980 nm excitation, KMLMO: Yb/Ho phosphor exhibits distinct upconversion emission peaks at 543 and 662 nm. As temperature increases, the non-radiative relaxations (NR1: <sup>5</sup>I<sub>6</sub>→<sup>5</sup>I<sub>7</sub> and NR2: <sup>5</sup>F<sub>4</sub>/<sup>5</sup>S<sub>2</sub>→<sup>5</sup>F<sub>5</sub>) of Ho<sup>3+</sup> are enhanced, resulting in red light emission undergoing less quenching than green light; consequently, the emitted light of phosphor shifts from yellow-green to orange-red, cleverly utilizing this feature to achieve temperature visualization. Based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (I<sub>662 nm</sub>/I<sub>543 nm</sub>) of Ho<sup>3+</sup>, the relative sensitivity of the phosphor is as high as 0.46% K⁻¹ at 448 K and the repeatability is >98.3% at whole temperature range. Overall, all findings demonstrate that KMLMO: 30%Yb/1%Ho phosphor is a promising optical material for temperature sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18265,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Bulletin","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 113991"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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