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Evolution from passive to active components in lithium metal and lithium-ion batteries separators 锂金属和锂离子电池隔膜从被动元件到主动元件的演变
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101684
Tong Liang, Dahang Cheng, Junhao Chen, Xianqi Wu, Hui Xiong, Sutong Yu, Zhennan Zhang, Haiyang Liu, Shurui Liu, Xiaohui Song
Lithium batteries are emerging as key contenders for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density, and promising advances in consumer electronics and electric vehicles. A critical component in lithium batteries is the separator, which not only facilitates ion transport between electrodes but also prevents dendrite formation that can lead to short-circuits which is a major barrier to widespread adoption. This review examines the evolution and current state of separators for lithium-ion and lithium-metal batteries, emphasizing their role in enhancing performance and safety. It addresses the failure mechanisms that can undermine separator effectiveness and highlights the importance of developing advanced materials to overcome these challenges. Future advancements in lithium battery technology are closely tied to innovations in separator design. By exploring recent advancements and emerging trends, this review aims to outline potential development paths for improving separator materials. It seeks to address key issues and propose novel approaches, ultimately contributing to the development of safer, more efficient, and commercially viable lithium metal batteries.
锂电池因其高能量密度以及在消费电子产品和电动汽车领域的广阔发展前景,正在成为下一代能源存储的主要竞争者。锂电池的一个关键部件是隔膜,它不仅能促进电极之间的离子传输,还能防止树枝状晶粒的形成,而树枝状晶粒的形成会导致短路,这是妨碍锂电池广泛应用的一个主要障碍。本综述探讨了锂离子电池和锂金属电池隔膜的演变和现状,强调了它们在提高性能和安全性方面的作用。它探讨了可能破坏隔膜有效性的失效机制,并强调了开发先进材料以克服这些挑战的重要性。锂电池技术的未来发展与隔膜设计的创新密切相关。通过探讨最新进展和新兴趋势,本综述旨在概述改进隔膜材料的潜在发展路径。它旨在解决关键问题,并提出新颖的方法,最终为开发更安全、更高效、商业上可行的锂金属电池做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetic field-augmented photoelectrochemical water splitting in Co3O4 and NiO nanorod arrays Co3O4 和 NiO 纳米棒阵列中的磁场增强型光电化学分水技术
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101682
Jyoti Yadav, Lakshay Bhardwaj, J.P. Singh
Effective charge separation is crucial for improving the sensitivity of photoelectrochemical studies. Here, we provide an immense magnetic field-based electron spin polarization approach for an efficient charge carrier separation. We have fabricated NiO and CoO thin film and nanorod arrays by electron beam evaporation glancing angle method followed by annealing in a two-zone furnace. The photoelectrochemical performance was investigated for NiO and CoO samples in the presence and absence of a magnetic field. The NiO and CoO nanorods array samples exhibit better absorption compared with the thin film samples. The CoO and NiO nanorod arrays showed the highest photocurrent density of 0.12 and 0.55 mA/cm in a magnetic field. The superior photoelectrochemical response of NiO and CoO nanorods in a magnetic field could be ascribed to the limitation of non-radiative recombination of carriers manipulated by Lorentz force and spin polarization. Furthermore, the electrochemical impedance spectra of NiO and CoO nanorod arrays in a magnetic field show the least charge transfer resistance. This study sheds light on the interaction process between external fields and radiative/non-radiative recombination of manipulating carriers. Thus, the application of a magnetic field presents an efficient and versatile approach to enhance the performance of photoelectrodes in solar water splitting.
有效的电荷分离对于提高光电化学研究的灵敏度至关重要。在此,我们提供了一种基于巨大磁场的电子自旋极化方法,以实现高效的电荷载流子分离。我们采用电子束蒸发闪烁角法制备了氧化镍和氧化钴薄膜及纳米棒阵列,然后在双区炉中进行退火。我们研究了有磁场和无磁场条件下氧化镍和氧化钴样品的光电化学性能。与薄膜样品相比,NiO 和 CoO 纳米棒阵列样品表现出更好的吸收性。CoO 和 NiO 纳米棒阵列在磁场中的光电流密度最高,分别为 0.12 和 0.55 mA/cm。NiO 和 CoO 纳米棒在磁场中的卓越光电化学响应可归因于洛伦兹力和自旋极化对载流子非辐射重组的限制。此外,NiO 和 CoO 纳米棒阵列在磁场中的电化学阻抗谱显示出最小的电荷转移电阻。这项研究揭示了外部磁场与操纵载流子的辐射/非辐射重组之间的相互作用过程。因此,磁场的应用为提高光电极在太阳能水分离中的性能提供了一种高效、多用途的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient hole transport layers for silicon heterojunction solar cells by surface plasmonic modification in MoOx/Au NPs/MoOx stacks 通过对氧化钼/金氧化物/氧化钼叠层进行表面等离子体修饰,为硅异质结太阳能电池提供高效空穴传输层
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101681
Qianfeng Gao, Zhiyuan Xu, Yu Yan, Wei Li, Yaya Song, Jing Wang, Maobin Zhang, Junming Xue, Huizhi Ren, Shengzhi Xu, Xinliang Chen, Yi Ding, Qian Huang, Xiaodan Zhang, Ying Zhao, Guofu Hou
This study explores the integration of Au nanoparticles (NPs) into molybdenum oxide (MoO) thin films to form a MoO/Au NPs/MoO (MAM) stack. This stack serves as a hole transport layer (HTL) in silicon heterojunction solar cells, aiming to address the challenges of safety concerns and inefficient carrier transport. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra demonstrate that the incorporation of Au NPs notably raises the work function of MAM to 5.85 eV and stabilize Mo concentrations at 94.07%. In addition, Au NPs effectively act as a shield against detrimental interactions with Ag, thereby improving the interfacial stability between the back electrode and HTL. This strategic enhancement facilitates the formation of surface plasmon polaritons, reduces the contact resistance to 41.19 mΩ cm, and boosts the quantum efficiency by injecting hot electrons and intensifying the surface electric field. These advancements lead to a significant enhancement in the fill factor and short-circuit current, leading to the development of a heterojunction solar cell with an increased efficiency () from 19.81% to 22.03%. This investigation underscores the transformative potential of engineered nanomaterials in elevating the performance and stability of photovoltaic devices, promoting the wider adoption of renewable energy technologies.
本研究探讨了如何将金纳米粒子(NPs)整合到氧化钼(MoO)薄膜中,形成氧化钼/金纳米粒子/氧化钼(MAM)叠层。这种叠层在硅异质结太阳能电池中用作空穴传输层(HTL),旨在解决安全问题和载流子传输效率低下的挑战。紫外光电子能谱和 X 射线光电子能谱光谱显示,加入金氧化物后,MAM 的功函数显著提高到 5.85 eV,钼浓度稳定在 94.07%。此外,金氧化物还能有效屏蔽与银的不利相互作用,从而提高背电极与 HTL 之间的界面稳定性。这种战略性的增强有利于表面等离子体极化子的形成,将接触电阻降至 41.19 mΩ cm,并通过注入热电子和增强表面电场来提高量子效率。这些进步显著提高了填充因子和短路电流,使异质结太阳能电池的效率()从 19.81% 提高到 22.03%。这项研究强调了工程纳米材料在提高光伏设备的性能和稳定性方面的变革潜力,促进了可再生能源技术的广泛应用。
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引用次数: 0
Prolonging rechargeable aluminum batteries life with flexible ceramic separator 使用柔性陶瓷隔板延长铝充电电池寿命
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101679
Yifan Liu, Dong Li, Xuan Wang, Yuehong Xie, Aqun Zheng, Lilong Xiong
Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) are attracting significant attention for their high theoretical capacity and abundant reserves. However, the poor mechanical performance of glass fiber (GF) separators and the formation of Al dendrite severely hinder the practical cycle life of these batteries. Herein, a flexible ceramic separator was developed with simple coating technique, effectively improving the cycling stability of RABs. Compared with the commercial GF separator, this flexible ceramic separator has less thickness and superior electrolyte wettability, resulting in improved interfacial compatibility and minimized interfacial resistance. Moreover, its exceptional flexibility and toughness (stress of 39.34 MPa) coupled with uniform nanopore structure, which can effectively resist the penetration of dendrites. As expected, this ceramic flexible separator facilitates stable cycling of the symmetric battery for over 1762 h at 2 mA/cm and 2 mAh/cm. It also permits the pouch Al//flake graphite full battery to achieve a coulombic efficiency of up to 90% even after 115 cycles. Apparently, this work developed the simple separator manufacturing strategy that provides an effective method to improve the cycling stability of RABs and extends the application to other types of batteries.
可充电铝电池(RAB)因其理论容量高、储量丰富而备受关注。然而,玻璃纤维(GF)隔膜的机械性能差以及铝枝晶的形成严重阻碍了这些电池的实际循环寿命。在此,我们利用简单的涂层技术开发了一种柔性陶瓷隔膜,有效提高了 RAB 电池的循环稳定性。与商用 GF 隔膜相比,这种柔性陶瓷隔膜的厚度更小,电解质润湿性更好,从而提高了界面兼容性,将界面电阻降至最低。此外,它还具有优异的柔韧性和韧性(应力为 39.34 兆帕),再加上均匀的纳米孔结构,可有效抵御树枝状物质的渗透。正如预期的那样,这种陶瓷柔性隔膜有助于对称电池在 2 mA/cm 和 2 mAh/cm 的条件下稳定循环超过 1762 小时。它还使铝/片状石墨全袋电池在循环 115 次后仍能达到高达 90% 的库仑效率。显然,这项工作开发出了简单的隔膜制造策略,为提高 RAB 的循环稳定性提供了有效方法,并将其应用扩展到了其他类型的电池。
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引用次数: 0
Self-powered sensors utilizing single-pillar thermocells with pyrolytic graphite sheet electrodes: harvesting body heat and solar thermal energy 利用带有热解石墨片电极的单柱热电偶的自供电传感器:收集体热和太阳热能
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101668
Lixian Jiang, Teruo Ebihara, Masakazu Mukaida, Kouki Akaike, Kazumasa Shimamoto, Shohei Horike, Qingshuo Wei
This study investigates the development of self-powered sensors employing single-pillar thermocells to harness body heat and solar thermal energy. A pyrolytic graphite sheet was selected for its low water vapor permeability, and its surface was modified to be hydrophilic to minimize interfacial resistance. Two types of DC–DC converters, Asahi Kasei Microdevices AP4473 and matrix mercury, underwent evaluation for compatibility with these thermocells. The compact 1.5 cm (1 cm × 1 cm × 1.5 cm) device effectively powered the AP4473 converter, illuminating a light-emitting diode. A larger device (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm × 1.5 cm) efficiently drove the matrix mercury converter, enabling the operation of bluetooth low-power sensors. These self-powered sensors wirelessly provided humidity and temperature data using solar thermal energy for approximately 4 h per day during peak temperature differences in January. This study showcases the potential of thermocells for sustainable energy harvesting and suggests avenues for future research, such as exploring alternative heat sources like geothermal energy to power these sensors.
本研究调查了自供电传感器的开发情况,该传感器采用单柱热电偶利用体热和太阳热能。由于热解石墨片的水蒸气渗透性较低,因此选用了这种石墨片,并对其表面进行了亲水改性,以尽量减少界面电阻。两种类型的直流-直流转换器(Asahi Kasei Microdevices AP4473 和矩阵汞)与这些热电偶的兼容性进行了评估。1.5 厘米(1 厘米 × 1 厘米 × 1.5 厘米)的紧凑型装置能有效地为 AP4473 转换器供电,并照亮一个发光二极管。较大的器件(2.5 厘米 × 2.5 厘米 × 1.5 厘米)可有效驱动矩阵汞转换器,使蓝牙低功耗传感器得以运行。这些自供电传感器利用太阳热能,在一月份的温差高峰期每天无线提供约 4 小时的湿度和温度数据。这项研究展示了热电偶在可持续能源收集方面的潜力,并为今后的研究提出了建议,例如探索地热能等替代热源为这些传感器供电。
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引用次数: 0
Tailoring monoclinic Na3V2(PO4)3-based cathode via bimetallic substitution for high-energy and long-lifespan Na-ion batteries 通过双金属置换技术定制单斜 Na3V2(PO4)3 基阴极,用于高能量、长寿命钠离子电池
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101678
Weiqi Li, Liwei Jiang, Zhenjie Zhang, Chunliu Xu, Lin Zhou, Rongbing Dang, Junmei Zhao, Yong-Sheng Hu
NaV(PO) is a promising cathode for Na-ion batteries (NIBs) owing to the high electrochemical reversibility. The NaV(PO) has two typical polymorphs including rhombohedral and monoclinic phases; the former has been extensively studied, whereas the latter is rarely reported. Here, we successfully designed monoclinic NaV(PO)-based cathode via Ga and Fe substitutions owing to the lowered lattice energy. In addition, we revealed that Ga substitution improves average voltage owing to the activation of the V/V redox couple and the Fe substitution enhances rate capability due to the decreased band gap and Na-ion diffusion activation energy. As a result, the designed monoclinic NaVGaFe(PO) cathode exhibits high voltage plateaus (3.4 V and 4 V) and high-rate capability (from 116.8 mA h/g at 0.2 C to 103 mA h/g at 20 C) as well as superior cycling stability (99.9% capacity retention over 4,500 cycles at 5 C). Moreover, the assembled NaVGaFe(PO)//hard carbon full cell delivers a high-energy density of 313.8 Wh/kg with 86.4% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C. This work demonstrates the design of monoclinic NaV(PO)-based cathode via bimetallic substitution, providing a new route for development of high-energy and long-lifespan NIBs.
由于具有很高的电化学可逆性,NaV(PO) 是一种很有前途的钠离子电池(NIBs)阴极。NaV(PO)有两种典型的多晶型,包括斜方晶相和单斜晶相;前者已被广泛研究,而后者则鲜有报道。在这里,我们通过镓和铁的置换成功地设计出了单斜NaV(PO)基阴极,因为它的晶格能降低了。此外,我们还发现,由于 V/V 氧化还原偶的激活,镓的取代提高了平均电压;由于带隙和 Na 离子扩散激活能的降低,铁的取代提高了速率能力。因此,所设计的单斜 NaVGaFe(PO)阴极具有较高的电压高原(3.4 V 和 4 V)和较高的速率能力(从 0.2 C 时的 116.8 mA h/g 到 20 C 时的 103 mA h/g),以及卓越的循环稳定性(在 5 C 下循环 4,500 次,容量保持率为 99.9%)。此外,组装后的 NaVGaFe(PO)//硬碳全电池在 1 C 下循环 100 次后,能量密度高达 313.8 Wh/kg,容量保持率为 86.4%。这项工作展示了通过双金属置换设计单斜 NaV(PO)基阴极的方法,为开发高能量、长寿命无电池组件提供了一条新途径。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable repurpose of waste melamine foam into bifunctional catalysts for efficient CO2 capture and conversion 可持续地将废弃三聚氰胺泡沫转化为双功能催化剂,用于高效捕获和转化二氧化碳
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101677
Fei-Feng Mao, Yu-Hua Dong, Yan Zhou, Ming-Shuai Sun, Wei Hui, Duan-jian Tao
Global climate change has driven the scientific community to improve the utilization of a critical C1 resource carbon dioxide (CO) through carbon capture utilization (CCU) technology. The cycloaddition of CO with epoxides provides perfect atom economy and economic feasibility to produce versatile cyclic carbonates used in various industries. However, the stable nature of CO and epoxides requires highly active catalysts. In this work, the repurpose of nitrogenous waste melamine foams (MFs) as high-performance catalysts for the cycloaddition of CO was explored. The pyrolyzed MF was modified with Cu to prepare a series of acid-base bifunctional porous catalysts (MFC-X-Cu). The results demonstrate that the acid-base synergy of the MFC-X-Cu catalysts increases the efficiency of the cycloaddition of various epoxides, yielding target products at 96–99% under mild conditions. Moreover, the characterization results revealed that the superior performance of MFC-X-Cu stems from its hollow structure and acid-base synergy, which are derived from nitrogen species in the repurposed MF and the post-modified copper component. The catalyst maintained consistent catalytic efficiency over five cycles, highlighting its strong recyclability. This work presents an eco-friendly and sustainable approach towards carbon neutrality by utilizing modified waste materials for CO conversion into high-value chemicals.
全球气候变化促使科学界通过碳捕获利用(CCU)技术来提高二氧化碳(CO)这一重要 C1 资源的利用率。一氧化碳与环氧化物的环加成反应提供了完美的原子经济性和经济可行性,可生产出用于各行各业的多功能环碳酸盐。然而,一氧化碳和环氧化物的稳定性质需要高活性催化剂。在这项工作中,研究人员探索了如何将含氮废三聚氰胺泡沫(MFs)重新用作 CO 环加成的高性能催化剂。利用 Cu 对热解的三聚氰胺泡沫进行改性,制备了一系列酸碱双功能多孔催化剂(MFC-X-Cu)。结果表明,MFC-X-Cu 催化剂的酸碱协同作用提高了各种环氧化物的环加成效率,在温和条件下,目标产物的产率可达 96-99%。此外,表征结果表明,MFC-X-Cu 的优异性能源于其中空结构和酸碱协同作用,而这两种作用来自于重新利用的中频和后改性铜组分中的氮物种。该催化剂在五个循环中保持了稳定的催化效率,突出了其强大的可回收性。这项研究提出了一种生态友好和可持续的方法,即利用改性废料将一氧化碳转化为高价值化学品,从而实现碳中和。
{"title":"Sustainable repurpose of waste melamine foam into bifunctional catalysts for efficient CO2 capture and conversion","authors":"Fei-Feng Mao, Yu-Hua Dong, Yan Zhou, Ming-Shuai Sun, Wei Hui, Duan-jian Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101677","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate change has driven the scientific community to improve the utilization of a critical C1 resource carbon dioxide (CO) through carbon capture utilization (CCU) technology. The cycloaddition of CO with epoxides provides perfect atom economy and economic feasibility to produce versatile cyclic carbonates used in various industries. However, the stable nature of CO and epoxides requires highly active catalysts. In this work, the repurpose of nitrogenous waste melamine foams (MFs) as high-performance catalysts for the cycloaddition of CO was explored. The pyrolyzed MF was modified with Cu to prepare a series of acid-base bifunctional porous catalysts (MFC-X-Cu). The results demonstrate that the acid-base synergy of the MFC-X-Cu catalysts increases the efficiency of the cycloaddition of various epoxides, yielding target products at 96–99% under mild conditions. Moreover, the characterization results revealed that the superior performance of MFC-X-Cu stems from its hollow structure and acid-base synergy, which are derived from nitrogen species in the repurposed MF and the post-modified copper component. The catalyst maintained consistent catalytic efficiency over five cycles, highlighting its strong recyclability. This work presents an eco-friendly and sustainable approach towards carbon neutrality by utilizing modified waste materials for CO conversion into high-value chemicals.","PeriodicalId":18277,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Energy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surface phase stability of high-nickel layered oxides by titanium and sulfur co-modifications 通过钛和硫共同修饰实现高镍层状氧化物的表面相稳定性
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101676
Jianping Xie, Zhengwei Fan, Dongdong Mao, Pian Zhang, Sai Su, Yijia Qin, Junwei Zhang, Lisha Yan, Yongxin Zhang, Hanfu Wang, Luting Song, Peipei Chen, Weiguo Chu
High-nickel layered oxides are promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries due to relatively high capacity and low cost, which however are still faced with safety issues because of poor stability against cycling. Herein, a facile one-pot solid-state method is employed for preparation of trace Ti/S co-doped LiNiCoO. Ti and S co-doping enhances both rate capability and intrinsic stability greatly in a mutually promoting manner compared with individual Ti and S doping. The co-doped samples show excellent rate capability with 170.9 mAh/g at 5 C and superior intrinsic stability with a capacity retention of 88.6% at 1 C after 200 cycles at room temperature, in sharp contrast with 132.2 mAh/g and 61.6% for the pristine samples. Full cells achieve excellent long-term stability with a retention of 92.7% after 400 cycles at 1 C. The improved performance can be ascribed to the formation of stronger Ti–O bonds and of a thin rock-salt protective layer enabled by sulfur with the stability enhanced by Ti modifications, and the activation of extra redox reactions triggered by sulfur. The mutually promoting enhancement effect by doping different alien elements opens a new and unique design strategy for performance improvement of electrode materials.
高镍层状氧化物因其相对较高的容量和较低的成本而成为锂离子电池的理想正极,但由于其循环稳定性较差,因此仍面临着安全问题。本文采用简便的一锅固态法制备了痕量 Ti/S 共掺杂 LiNiCoO。与单独掺杂 Ti 和 S 相比,Ti 和 S 共掺杂以相互促进的方式大大提高了速率能力和内在稳定性。共掺杂样品显示出卓越的速率能力,在 5 C 下达到 170.9 mAh/g,并具有出色的内在稳定性,在室温下循环 200 次后,1 C 下的容量保持率为 88.6%,与原始样品的 132.2 mAh/g 和 61.6% 形成鲜明对比。性能的提高可归因于硫形成了更强的 Ti-O 键和更薄的岩盐保护层,钛改性增强了稳定性,以及硫激活了额外的氧化还原反应。通过掺杂不同的外来元素而产生的相互促进的增强效应,为电极材料性能的提高开辟了一种全新而独特的设计策略。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanochemistry induced mixed ionic/electronic conductive interphase enabling dendrite-free lithium metal anodes 机械化学诱导的混合离子/电子导电相,实现无树枝状突起的锂金属阳极
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101675
Wen Pan, Shaozhen Huang, Kecheng Long, Xinsheng Liu, Piao Qing, Haoling Liu, Yunke Jin, Yuxin Chen, Huimiao Li, Lin Mei, Zhibin Wu, Libao Chen
High-energy-density lithium metal batteries have shown promising applications in drones and electrical vehicles. However, the growth of lithium dendrites and the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) become the main factors restricting their development. In this study, dendrite-free lithium metal anodes (ZB@Li) were developed with ionic/electronic conductive interface layers by a solvent-free mechanochemical method. By rubbing zinc borate (ZB) powder on lithium foil, a mixed interface layer is formed with the generation of lithium borate phase and the Li–Zn alloy phase. The lithium borate phase provides a low diffusion energy barrier and high ionic conductivity for sufficient potential gradient to induce rapid deposition of ions on the interface layer. The Li–Zn alloy phase owns the lithiophilic characteristic and a high electronic conductivity. The combination of the two phases provides mixed ions/electrons paths with enhanced transport kinetics and realize uniform and planar deposition of lithium. As a result, the ZB@Li symmetrical cell exhibits a prolonged cycling performance of over 4,200 h and the ZB@Li||LFP (LFP= lithium iron phosphate [LiFePO]) full cell shows a long cycle life for more than 500 cycles at 2 C with a high capacity retention rate of 84.6% at a high loading mass of 10 mg/cm.
高能量密度锂金属电池在无人机和电动汽车中的应用前景广阔。然而,锂枝晶的生长和不稳定固态电解质相(SEI)的形成成为制约其发展的主要因素。本研究采用无溶剂机械化学方法,开发了具有离子/电子导电界面层的无树枝状锂金属阳极(ZB@Li)。通过在锂箔上摩擦硼酸锌(ZB)粉末,形成混合界面层,生成硼酸锂相和锂锌合金相。硼酸锂相具有低扩散能垒和高离子传导性,可提供足够的电位梯度,从而诱导离子在界面层上快速沉积。锂锌合金相具有亲锂特性和高电子传导性。这两种相的结合提供了具有更强传输动力学的离子/电子混合路径,实现了锂的均匀和平面沉积。因此,ZB@Li 对称电池显示出超过 4,200 小时的长期循环性能,而 ZB@Li||LFP(LFP= 磷酸铁锂 [LiFePO])全电池则显示出在 2 C 下超过 500 次循环的长循环寿命,并且在 10 mg/cm 的高负载质量下具有 84.6% 的高容量保持率。
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引用次数: 0
The preferential orientation controlling for efficient Sb2S3 and low Se content Sb2SeyS3-y indoor photovoltaics 控制高效 Sb2S3 和低 Se 含量 Sb2SeyS3-y 室内光伏的优先取向
IF 9.3 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101670
Guiju Hu, Chengwu Shi, Bo Yang, Zihao Wang, Kai Lv, Yanqing Wang, Fuling Guo, Wangchao Chen
SbS is a promising absorber material for indoor photovoltaics due to the appropriate direct bandgap of 1.75 eV, high element abundance, low toxicity, stability, and single phase. Considering the indoor lighting irradiance is very low and the resulting carrier numbers are relatively less and SbS is quasi-one-dimensional crystal structure, the preferential orientation controlling of SbS is very important to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of SbS indoor photovoltaics. Herein, SbS and low Se content SbSeS films are prepared by chemical bath deposition and the preferential orientation of SbS films is controlled by introducing SbCl and selenourea in the growth solution. The uniformity of the S and Se distribution in low Se content SbSeS films is adjusted by introducing EDTA-2Na. Using the warm white LED with a color temperature of 3347 K and illuminance of 1000 lux, SbS and low Se content SbSeS indoor photovoltaics achieve the PCE of 16.58% for SbS and 17.62% for SbSeS, which is the highest PCE for antimony chalcogenide indoor photovoltaics. Therefore, the preferential orientation controlling by introducing SbCl and selenourea into the growth solution is an efficient strategy for fabricating high-efficiency SbS and low Se content SbSeS indoor photovoltaics.
由于具有 1.75 eV 的适当直接带隙、高元素丰度、低毒性、稳定性和单相性,SbS 是一种很有前途的室内光伏吸收材料。考虑到室内照明辐照度非常低,产生的载流子数相对较少,且 SbS 为准一维晶体结构,因此 SbS 的优先取向控制对于提高 SbS 室内光伏的功率转换效率(PCE)非常重要。本文采用化学沉积法制备了 SbS 和低 Se 含量的 SbSeS 薄膜,并通过在生长溶液中引入 SbCl 和硒脲来控制 SbS 薄膜的优先取向。通过引入 EDTA-2Na 来调节低硒含量 SbSeS 薄膜中 S 和 Se 分布的均匀性。使用色温为 3347 K、照度为 1000 lux 的暖白光 LED,SbS 和低硒含量 SbSeS 室内光伏器件的 PCE 分别达到了 16.58% 和 17.62%,这是目前锑瑀室内光伏器件的最高 PCE。因此,通过在生长溶液中引入氯化锑和硒脲来控制优先取向,是制造高效 SbS 和低硒含量 SbSeS 室内光伏器件的有效策略。
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引用次数: 0
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Materials Today Energy
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