Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (LTMDs) are now frequently employed as useful materials for catalysis, energy storage, and environmental applications. It is still extremely difficult to create synergistic bimetallic tellurides with great electrochemical performance, particularly in high-performance supercapacitors. Here, the standard self-flux technique is used to make high-capacity Cu intercalated and doped NiTe2. Both compounds feature a P3m1 space group and a CdI2-type trigonal structure, following the pattern of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). The transition electron microscope (TEM) also reveals the periodic arrangement of the crystalline structure. Additionally, the multilayer structures of this chemical are seen by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). We confirm the elemental composition and oxidation state analysis by using EDX and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Cu0.05NiTe2 and Ni0.95Cu0.05Te2 show specific capacitances of about 212 F/g and 478 F/g at 1 A/g. Ni0.95Cu0.05Te2 shows excellent cyclic stability (99.18 %) and coulombic efficiency (81.58 %) for 5000 cycles, which confirms that the doping of nickel enhances the electrochemical properties.
{"title":"Unraveling the role of copper intercalation and doping on NiTe2 to enhance electrochemical performances","authors":"Rajkumar Sokkalingam , Manikandan Krishnan , K.J. Sankaran , Arumugam Sonachalam , Arjun Kumar Bojarajan , Sambasivam Sangaraju","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (LTMDs)<!--> <!-->are now frequently employed as useful materials for catalysis, energy storage, and environmental applications. It is still extremely difficult to create synergistic bimetallic tellurides with great electrochemical performance, particularly in high-performance supercapacitors. Here, the standard self-flux technique is<!--> <!-->used to make high-capacity Cu intercalated and doped NiTe<sub>2</sub>. Both compounds feature a <em>P</em>3<em>m</em>1 space group and a CdI<sub>2</sub>-type trigonal structure, following the pattern of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). The transition electron microscope (TEM) also reveals the periodic arrangement of the crystalline structure. Additionally, the multilayer structures of this chemical are seen by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). We confirm the elemental composition and oxidation state analysis by using EDX and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Cu<sub>0.05</sub>NiTe<sub>2</sub> and Ni<sub>0.95</sub>Cu<sub>0.05</sub>Te<sub>2</sub> show specific capacitances of about 212 F/g and 478 F/g at 1 A/g. Ni<sub>0.95</sub>Cu<sub>0.05</sub>Te<sub>2</sub> shows excellent cyclic stability (99.18 %) and coulombic efficiency (81.58 %) for 5000 cycles, which confirms that the doping of nickel enhances the electrochemical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2025.06.002
Chadi Nohra , Rassol Hamed Rasheed , Ahmed Mohsin Alsayah , Mohammed J. Alshukri , Jalal Faraj , Samer Ali , Mahmoud Khaled
Interest in collecting waste heat from diesel generators, a substantial but underutilized energy source, has increased due to the growing demand for energy efficiency. By transforming heat gradients into electrical power, thermoelectric generators (TEGs) offer a clean alternative that improves fuel efficiency and lowers pollutants. In order to improve thermoelectric power generation, this work intends to construct and assess a hybrid system that combines Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) condenser airflow with waste heat from diesel generator exhaust gases. The suggested system presents a new architecture that makes simultaneous use of condenser air and diesel exhaust, two easily accessible but infrequently coupled thermal sources and sinks. Compared to conventional setups, this method greatly increases TEG efficiency by taking advantage of high temperature differentials and passive sink flow. To mimic the behavior of the system under various operating situations, we developed a comprehensive thermal model. The effect of TEG plate dimensions, duct heights, and the TEG thickness-to-thermal-conductivity ratio (t/k) on temperature gradients and power output were investigated parametrically. The findings indicate that while larger cooling loads from the HVAC system result in worse performance, increasing the generator load and t/k ratio increases power output. With duct height = 0.04 m and a 5 m × 0.2 m TEG plate, the optimized arrangement produced a peak output of 4745 W, which translates to a 2.37 % increase in fuel efficiency. This work provides a scalable model for sustainable energy integration in industrial applications and validates the potential of hybrid TEG systems for efficient waste heat recovery.
由于对能源效率的需求日益增加，人们对收集柴油发电机余热的兴趣增加了，这是一种大量但未充分利用的能源。通过将热梯度转化为电能，热电发电机（teg）提供了一种清洁的替代方案，可以提高燃油效率并降低污染物。为了改进热电发电，本工作拟构建并评估一种混合系统，该系统将暖通空调（HVAC）冷凝器的气流与柴油发电机废气的余热结合起来。建议的系统提出了一种新的架构，可以同时使用冷凝器空气和柴油废气，这两个容易接近但不经常耦合的热源和水槽。与传统装置相比，该方法通过利用高温差和被动汇流，大大提高了TEG效率。为了模拟系统在各种操作情况下的行为，我们开发了一个全面的热模型。研究了TEG板尺寸、风管高度和TEG厚度/导热系数（t/k）对温度梯度和输出功率的影响。研究结果表明，虽然HVAC系统的较大冷负荷会导致性能变差，但增加发电机负荷和t/k比会增加功率输出。在风道高度为0.04 m、TEG板为5 m × 0.2 m的情况下，优化后的布置产生的峰值输出功率为4745 W，燃油效率提高了2.37%。这项工作为工业应用中的可持续能源集成提供了一个可扩展的模型，并验证了混合TEG系统在高效废热回收方面的潜力。
{"title":"Hybrid thermoelectric generator system for enhanced waste heat recovery from diesel generators using HVAC condenser airflow","authors":"Chadi Nohra , Rassol Hamed Rasheed , Ahmed Mohsin Alsayah , Mohammed J. Alshukri , Jalal Faraj , Samer Ali , Mahmoud Khaled","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interest in collecting waste heat from diesel generators, a substantial but underutilized energy source, has increased due to the growing demand for energy efficiency. By transforming heat gradients into electrical power, thermoelectric generators (TEGs) offer a clean alternative that improves fuel efficiency and lowers pollutants. In order to improve thermoelectric power generation, this work intends to construct and assess a hybrid system that combines Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) condenser airflow with waste heat from diesel generator exhaust gases. The suggested system presents a new architecture that makes simultaneous use of condenser air and diesel exhaust, two easily accessible but infrequently coupled thermal sources and sinks. Compared to conventional setups, this method greatly increases TEG efficiency by taking advantage of high temperature differentials and passive sink flow. To mimic the behavior of the system under various operating situations, we developed a comprehensive thermal model. The effect of TEG plate dimensions, duct heights, and the TEG thickness-to-thermal-conductivity ratio (t/k) on temperature gradients and power output were investigated parametrically. The findings indicate that while larger cooling loads from the HVAC system result in worse performance, increasing the generator load and t/k ratio increases power output. With duct height = 0.04 m and a 5 m × 0.2 m TEG plate, the optimized arrangement produced a peak output of 4745 W, which translates to a 2.37 % increase in fuel efficiency. This work provides a scalable model for sustainable energy integration in industrial applications and validates the potential of hybrid TEG systems for efficient waste heat recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 178-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the enhancement of thermoelectric properties in silver selenide (Ag2Se) via the cold sintering process (CSP) using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a transient liquid phase. Unlike conventional sintering methods that require high temperatures and long processing times, CSP with DMSO enables densification at significantly lower temperatures while simultaneously tuning the microstructure and carrier transport properties. Bulk Ag2Se samples were fabricated with varying DMSO concentrations (5–12 %) and sintering temperatures (190 °C, 220 °C, and 250 °C) to evaluate the influence of these parameters on thermoelectric performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the retention of the orthorhombic β-Ag2Se phase across all samples, with slight morphological changes observed due to DMSO concentration and sintering temperature. Optimal results were achieved at a DMSO concentration of 10 %, where a balance between electrical conductivity (σ) and Seebeck coefficient (S) yielded a high power factor. Thermal conductivity (κ) analysis showed a significant reduction attributed to enhanced phonon scattering from defects introduced via CSP with DMSO. Furthermore, the AS-DMSO250 sample (with 10 % DMSO and sintered at 250 °C) exhibited a stable ZT, ranging from 0.94 at 300 K to 1.10 at 380 K representing a 42–49 % enhancement over the reference sample, which had ZT values of 0.66 at 300 K and 0.74 at 380 K. The average ZT of the optimized sample with DMSO reached approximately 1.02 at 300–380 K, surpassing values commonly reported in the literature. These findings emphasize the critical role of DMSO concentration and sintering temperature in optimizing thermoelectric properties, offering a practical approach for advancing Ag2Se-based thermoelectric materials for efficient energy harvesting near room temperature.
{"title":"Cold sintering process with DMSO as a transient liquid for efficient improvement of thermoelectric properties in silver selenide","authors":"Wanida Duangsimma , Kiettipong Banlusan , Supree Pinitsoontorn","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the enhancement of thermoelectric properties in silver selenide (Ag<sub>2</sub>Se) via the cold sintering process (CSP) using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a transient liquid phase. Unlike conventional sintering methods that require high temperatures and long processing times, CSP with DMSO enables densification at significantly lower temperatures while simultaneously tuning the microstructure and carrier transport properties. Bulk Ag<sub>2</sub>Se samples were fabricated with varying DMSO concentrations (5–12 %) and sintering temperatures (190 °C, 220 °C, and 250 °C) to evaluate the influence of these parameters on thermoelectric performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the retention of the orthorhombic <em>β</em>-Ag<sub>2</sub>Se phase across all samples, with slight morphological changes observed due to DMSO concentration and sintering temperature. Optimal results were achieved at a DMSO concentration of 10 %, where a balance between electrical conductivity (<em>σ</em>) and Seebeck coefficient (<em>S</em>) yielded a high power factor. Thermal conductivity (<em>κ</em>) analysis showed a significant reduction attributed to enhanced phonon scattering from defects introduced via CSP with DMSO. Furthermore, the AS-DMSO250 sample (with 10 % DMSO and sintered at 250 °C) exhibited a stable <em>ZT</em>, ranging from 0.94 at 300 K to 1.10 at 380 K representing a 42–49 % enhancement over the reference sample, which had <em>ZT</em> values of 0.66 at 300 K and 0.74 at 380 K. The average <em>ZT</em> of the optimized sample with DMSO reached approximately 1.02 at 300–380 K, surpassing values commonly reported in the literature. These findings emphasize the critical role of DMSO concentration and sintering temperature in optimizing thermoelectric properties, offering a practical approach for advancing Ag<sub>2</sub>Se-based thermoelectric materials for efficient energy harvesting near room temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 154-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The implementation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst material in hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction (HER) has embarked renewed interest in the past decade. Rapid electron-hole pairs recombination and wide band gap of a photo-sensitive material of TiO2 are detrimental toward the targeted catalytical reaction. In this study, we present the rational design, fabrication, photocatalytic performance of TiO2-Cu/CuO/Cu2O heterostructures (CuTi) using viable chemical reduction method. The Z-scheme and S-scheme are succesfully generated across the TiO2/CuO/Cu2O interfaces, while the Schottky junction arises on the Cu perimeters. This is evidenced from the blue shifted about 0.3 eV of Cu 2p core level determined by using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), in combination with the formation of inverse V-shape of the Mott-Schottky plots. In addition, we find that Cu/CuO/Cu2O facilitates photon absorption range up to the visible region. The multiple heterojunction and the large number of OHsurface enhanced charge carrier transfer are associated to the suppression of photoluminescence (PL) intensity, high surface hydroxyl (OHsurface) density in CuTi probed by XPS, and fast electron transfer based on the electrochemical measurements. The presence of OHsurface inhibits the recombination of electron. A significant H2 photogeneration rate enhancement is achieved when an optimized 5 wt% Cu/CuO/Cu2O concentration is used on TiO2 to achieve 7,157.19 μmol·g−1 (1,789.30 μmol·g−1·h−1). Based on this finding, zero emission energy innitiative could be materialized under multiple heterojunctions in photocatalytic process is beneficial for enhancing the H2 production.
{"title":"Synergetic effects of multiple junction and surface hydroxyl in Cu/CuO/Cu2O/TiO2 heterostructures towards highly efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen generation","authors":"Riki Subagyo , Garcelina Rizky Anindika , Afif Akmal Aufkani , Lei Zhang , Hosta Ardhyananta , R.Y. Perry Burhan , Zjahra Vianita Nugraheni , Syafsir Akhlus , Hasliza Bahruji , Didik Prasetyoko , Diana Vanda Wellia , Atthar Luqman Ivansyah , Arramel , Yuly Kusumawati","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The implementation of titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) as a photocatalyst material in hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) evolution reaction (HER) has embarked renewed interest in the past decade. Rapid electron-hole pairs recombination and wide band gap of a photo-sensitive material of TiO<sub>2</sub> are detrimental toward the targeted catalytical reaction. In this study, we present the rational design, fabrication, photocatalytic performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>-Cu/CuO/Cu<sub>2</sub>O heterostructures (CuTi) using viable chemical reduction method. The Z-scheme and S-scheme are succesfully generated across the TiO<sub>2</sub>/CuO/Cu<sub>2</sub>O interfaces, while the Schottky junction arises on the Cu perimeters. This is evidenced from the blue shifted about 0.3 eV of Cu 2p core level determined by using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), in combination with the formation of inverse V-shape of the Mott-Schottky plots. In addition, we find that Cu/CuO/Cu<sub>2</sub>O facilitates photon absorption range up to the visible region. The multiple heterojunction and the large number of OH<sub>surface</sub> enhanced charge carrier transfer are associated to the suppression of photoluminescence (PL) intensity, high surface hydroxyl (OH<sub>surface</sub>) density in CuTi probed by XPS, and fast electron transfer based on the electrochemical measurements. The presence of OH<sub>surface</sub> inhibits the recombination of electron. A significant H<sub>2</sub> photogeneration rate enhancement is achieved when an optimized 5 wt% Cu/CuO/Cu<sub>2</sub>O concentration is used on TiO<sub>2</sub> to achieve 7,157.19 μmol·g<sup>−1</sup> (1,789.30 μmol·g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>). Based on this finding, zero emission energy innitiative could be materialized under multiple heterojunctions in photocatalytic process is beneficial for enhancing the H<sub>2</sub> production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future alternatives for an electrode lithium borate-based glass–ceramic (GC) has been developed for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The composition of the GC is xNiO-(0.20-x)MnO2-0.80(Li2S:B2O3), where x varies from 0.10, 0.13, 0.15, and 0.16. The GC were fabricated using the melt-quenching technique. The nature of the GC was determined using XRD examinations. The SEM-EDS analysis indicates the presence along with the distribution of components in the plate glasses. The battery charge/discharge tests showed that the 0.16NiO-0.04MnO2-0.8(Li2S:B2O3) (0.16Ni-0.04Mn) glass-ceramics exhibited a potential range of 0.8–1.1 V and a discharge capacity of 70 mAh.g−1 during the first cycle. Additionally, these GC demonstrated excellent cycling stability for over 100 cycles. As the same time, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed that the Li diffusion coefficient in 0.16Ni-0.04Mn GC was found to be 0.34 × 10−10 and 0.75 × 10−11 cm2.s−1 for before and after cycling, which is smaller than 0.10Ni-0.10Mn. Synchrotron-based XANES highlighted the oxidation state of Ni2+, as well as the mixing of Mn2+/3+ and S−1. The addition of Ni and Mn into the lithium-sulfur borate glass system has improved its electrochemical characteristics, making it a very interesting and economically viable option for energy storage technology electrodes.
{"title":"Li-S-B Glass-Ceramics: A Novel electrode materials for energy storage technology","authors":"Jintara Padchasri , Sumeth Siriroj , Amorntep Montreeuppathum , Phakkhananan Pakawanit , Nattapol Laorodphan , Narong Chanlek , Yingyot Poo-arporn , Pinit Kidkhunthod","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Future alternatives for an electrode lithium borate-based glass–ceramic (GC) has been developed for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The composition of the GC is xNiO-(0.20-x)MnO<sub>2</sub>-0.80(Li<sub>2</sub>S:B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), where x varies from 0.10, 0.13, 0.15, and 0.16. The GC were fabricated using the melt-quenching technique. The nature of the GC was determined using XRD examinations. The SEM-EDS analysis indicates the presence along with the distribution of components in the plate glasses. The battery charge/discharge tests showed that the 0.16NiO-0.04MnO<sub>2</sub>-0.8(Li<sub>2</sub>S:B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) (0.16Ni-0.04Mn) glass-ceramics exhibited a potential range of 0.8–1.1 V and a discharge capacity of 70 mAh.g<sup>−1</sup> during the first cycle. Additionally, these GC demonstrated excellent cycling stability for over 100 cycles. As the same time, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed that the Li diffusion coefficient in 0.16Ni-0.04Mn GC was found to be 0.34 × 10<sup>−10</sup> and 0.75 × 10<sup>−11</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>.s<sup>−1</sup> for before and after cycling, which is smaller than 0.10Ni-0.10Mn. Synchrotron-based XANES highlighted the oxidation state of Ni<sup>2+</sup>, as well as the mixing of Mn<sup>2+/3+</sup> and S<sup>−1</sup>. The addition of Ni and Mn into the lithium-sulfur borate glass system has improved its electrochemical characteristics, making it a very interesting and economically viable option for energy storage technology electrodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2024.11.001
Toyin Shittu , Aasif A. Dabbawala , Labeeb Ali , Abbas Khaleel , Muhammad Z. Iqbal , Dalaver H. Anjum , Kyriaki Polychronopoulou , Mohammednoor Altarawneh
The regulation of catalyst activity and selectivity using a reducible support for the industrially relevant hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene to more valuable butene products was achieved. Supported palladium and nickel–palladium catalysts on ceria were prepared and characterized with hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), hydrogen temperature programmed desorption (H2-TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and N2 adsorption–desorption to examine their chemical and physical properties. Pathways guiding the reaction were determined using the density functional theory (DFT). H2-TPR confirmed that palladium oxide was reduced, and nickel oxide species strongly interacted with the CeO2 support. The Ce3+ concentration determined by XPS showed that all catalysts surface contained the Ce reduced state. The catalysts showed a similar BET surface area, with 4Pd–Ce presenting the lowest value due to particle aggregation, which was confirmed from the EDS mapping analysis. Butadiene conversion consistently increased with temperature (40 °C–120 °C) until full conversion was reached on all the Pd catalysts while the maximum conversion on the 4Ni-Ce catalyst was 88 % at 120 °C. Product distribution revealed that 4 % Pd content directed the products toward butane when 40 °C was exceeded. Constructed mechanisms by DFT calculations featured low reaction barriers for the involved surface hydrogenation steps, and thus, they accounted for the observed low temperature of the surface hydrogenation activity. Selective formation of 1-butene partially stemmed from its relatively weak binding to Ni sites in reference to Pd sites. The mapped-out mechanisms entailed a higher reaction barrier for the formation of 2-butene, in agreement with the experimental observation pertinent to its formation at higher temperatures when compared with that of 1-butene.
{"title":"Selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene to butenes on ceria-supported Pd, Ni and PdNi catalysts: Combined experimental and DFT outlook","authors":"Toyin Shittu , Aasif A. Dabbawala , Labeeb Ali , Abbas Khaleel , Muhammad Z. Iqbal , Dalaver H. Anjum , Kyriaki Polychronopoulou , Mohammednoor Altarawneh","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regulation of catalyst activity and selectivity using a reducible support for the industrially relevant hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene to more valuable butene products was achieved. Supported palladium and nickel–palladium catalysts on ceria were prepared and characterized with hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H<sub>2</sub>-TPR), hydrogen temperature programmed desorption (H<sub>2</sub>-TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption to examine their chemical and physical properties. Pathways guiding the reaction were determined using the density functional theory (DFT). H<sub>2</sub>-TPR confirmed that palladium oxide was reduced, and nickel oxide species strongly interacted with the CeO<sub>2</sub> support. The Ce<sup>3+</sup> concentration determined by XPS showed that all catalysts surface contained the Ce reduced state. The catalysts showed a similar BET surface area, with 4Pd–Ce presenting the lowest value due to particle aggregation, which was confirmed from the EDS mapping analysis. Butadiene conversion consistently increased with temperature (40 °C–120 °C) until full conversion was reached on all the Pd catalysts while the maximum conversion on the 4Ni-Ce catalyst was 88 % at 120 °C. Product distribution revealed that 4 % Pd content directed the products toward butane when 40 °C was exceeded. Constructed mechanisms by DFT calculations featured low reaction barriers for the involved surface hydrogenation steps, and thus, they accounted for the observed low temperature of the surface hydrogenation activity. Selective formation of 1-butene partially stemmed from its relatively weak binding to Ni sites in reference to Pd sites. The mapped-out mechanisms entailed a higher reaction barrier for the formation of 2-butene, in agreement with the experimental observation pertinent to its formation at higher temperatures when compared with that of 1-butene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 96-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2024.10.001
Asmaa R. Heiba , Mostafa M. Omran , Rabab M. Abou Shahba , Abdelghaffar S. Dhmees , Fatma A. Taher , Ehab El Sawy
The anticipated large contribution of renewable energy resources to the sector of energy production strongly motivated the development of energy storage technologies, of which supercapacitors have drawn a lot of attention. In this work, Lanthanum-Strontium-Manganese-oxide (LSMO) perovskite nanoparticles, graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs), and LSMO-GONRs composite were synthesized and tested as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. The LSMO was synthesized using the co-precipitation/calcination method, while the GONRs were synthesized using the oxidative unzipping of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The physical/chemical structures were studied using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, SAED, and XPS. In 1 M KOH, the LSMO-GONRs electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 490F/g compared to 342F/g and 294F/g for GONRs and LSMO electrodes, respectively, at 1 A/g, showcasing a performance that is not just superior but truly impressive, to the different types of perovskite/carbon-based material composites. The fabricated asymmetric SC device of LSMO-GONRs//GONRs exhibited a potential window of 1.7 V, a specific capacitance of 92.3F/g, an energy density of 38 Wh/kg, and a power density of 860 W/kg at 1 A/g. Moreover, the LSMO-GONRs//GONRs device showed excellent capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency after 10,000 cycles at 10 A/g, revealing the promising employment of LSMO-GONRs composite as a highly stable material for supercapacitor applications.
{"title":"Compositing LaSrMnO3 perovskite and graphene oxide nanoribbons for highly stable asymmetric electrochemical supercapacitors","authors":"Asmaa R. Heiba , Mostafa M. Omran , Rabab M. Abou Shahba , Abdelghaffar S. Dhmees , Fatma A. Taher , Ehab El Sawy","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anticipated large contribution of renewable energy resources to the sector of energy production strongly motivated the development of energy storage technologies, of which supercapacitors have drawn a lot of attention. In this work, Lanthanum-Strontium-Manganese-oxide (LSMO) perovskite nanoparticles, graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs), and LSMO-GONRs composite were synthesized and tested as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. The LSMO was synthesized using the co-precipitation/calcination method, while the GONRs were synthesized using the oxidative unzipping of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The physical/chemical structures were studied using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, SAED, and XPS. In 1 M KOH, the LSMO-GONRs electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 490F/g compared to 342F/g and 294F/g for GONRs and LSMO electrodes, respectively, at 1 A/g, showcasing a performance that is not just superior but truly impressive, to the different types of perovskite/carbon-based material composites. The fabricated asymmetric SC device of LSMO-GONRs//GONRs exhibited a potential window of 1.7 V, a specific capacitance of 92.3F/g, an energy density of 38 Wh/kg, and a power density of 860 W/kg at 1 A/g. Moreover, the LSMO-GONRs//GONRs device showed excellent capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency after 10,000 cycles at 10 A/g, revealing the promising employment of LSMO-GONRs composite as a highly stable material for supercapacitor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 82-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2024.08.001
A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra , Marpongahtun , Andriayani , Diana Alemin Barus , Ronn Goei , Alfred Tok , Muhammad Ibadurrahman , H.T.S Risky Ramadhan , Muhammad Irvan Hasibuan , Ton Peijs , Saharman Gea
This study employs a cost-efficient method to create a pliable BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH electrode film on a bacterial cellulose base. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses verified the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and nickel–cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) into the bacterial cellulose structure. The BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH composite material exhibited high-temperature stability and achieved a specific capacitance of 311 F g−1 at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s, surpassing that of earlier cellulose electrodes. The electrode film showed exceptional mechanical capabilities, displaying flexibility and load resistance without any structural damage. The film’s flexibility and lightweight properties were improved due to the low density of 0.656 g cm−3, which is a result of the nanoporous structure and intrinsic low density of rGO and cellulose. A retention ratio of 0.40 for storage modulus at a glass transition temperature of around 90°C demonstrated positive mechanical performance. This cost-effective and uncomplicated synthesis approach produced a BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH electrode with potential. The material possessed favourable mechanical and electrochemical characteristics, making it suitable for wearable electronics.
{"title":"Facile synthesis and electrochemical performance of bacterial cellulose/reduced graphene oxide/NiCo-layered double hydroxide composite film for self-standing supercapacitor electrode","authors":"A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra , Marpongahtun , Andriayani , Diana Alemin Barus , Ronn Goei , Alfred Tok , Muhammad Ibadurrahman , H.T.S Risky Ramadhan , Muhammad Irvan Hasibuan , Ton Peijs , Saharman Gea","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study employs a cost-efficient method to create a pliable BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH electrode film on a bacterial cellulose base. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses verified the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and nickel–cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) into the bacterial cellulose structure. The BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH composite material exhibited high-temperature stability and achieved a specific capacitance of 311 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s, surpassing that of earlier cellulose electrodes. The electrode film showed exceptional mechanical capabilities, displaying flexibility and load resistance without any structural damage. The film’s flexibility and lightweight properties were improved due to the low density of 0.656 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, which is a result of the nanoporous structure and intrinsic low density of rGO and cellulose. A retention ratio of 0.40 for storage modulus at a glass transition temperature of around 90°C demonstrated positive mechanical performance. This cost-effective and uncomplicated synthesis approach produced a BC/rGO-NiCo-LDH electrode with potential. The material possessed favourable mechanical and electrochemical characteristics, making it suitable for wearable electronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 66-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258929912400017X/pdfft?md5=fd04eadb0ba29e0223deec7e4f851883&pid=1-s2.0-S258929912400017X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2024.07.006
Nurettin Sezer , Sertac Bayhan , Ugur Fesli , Antonio Sanfilippo
Hydrogen has attracted growing research interest due to its exceptionally high energy per mass content and being a clean energy carrier, unlike the widely used hydrocarbon fuels. With the possibility of long-term energy storage and re-electrification, hydrogen promises to promote the effective utilization of renewable and sustainable energy resources. Clean hydrogen can be produced through a renewable-powered water electrolysis process. Although alkaline water electrolysis is currently the mature and commercially available electrolysis technology for hydrogen production, it has several shortcomings that hinder its integration with intermittent and fluctuating renewable energy sources. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) technology has been developed to offer high voltage efficiencies at high current densities. Besides, PEMWE cells are characterized by a fast system response to fluctuating renewable power, enabling operations at broader partial power load ranges while consistently delivering high-purity hydrogen with low ohmic losses. Recently, much effort has been devoted to improving the efficiency, performance, durability, and economy of PEMWE cells. The research activities in this context include investigations of different cell component materials, protective coatings, and material characterizations, as well as the synthesis and analysis of new electrocatalysts for enhanced electrochemical activity and stability with minimized use of noble metals. Further, many modeling studies have been reported to analyze cell performance considering cell electrochemistry, overvoltage, and thermodynamics. Thus, it is imperative to review and compile recent research studies covering multiple aspects of PEMWE cells in one literature to present advancements and limitations of this field. This article offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of PEMWE cells. It compiles recent research on each PEMWE cell component and discusses how the characteristics of these components affect the overall cell performance. In addition, the electrochemical activity and stability of various catalyst materials are reviewed. Further, the thermodynamics and electrochemistry of electrolytic water splitting are described, and inherent cell overvoltage are elucidated. The available literature on PEMWE cell modeling, aimed at analyzing the performance of PEMWE cells, is compiled. Overall, this article provides the advancements in cell components, materials, electrocatalysts, and modeling research for PEMWE to promote the effective utilization of renewable but intermittent and fluctuating energy in the pursuit of a seamless transition to clean energy.
{"title":"A comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis","authors":"Nurettin Sezer , Sertac Bayhan , Ugur Fesli , Antonio Sanfilippo","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mset.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen has attracted growing research interest due to its exceptionally high energy per mass content and being a clean energy carrier, unlike the widely used hydrocarbon fuels. With the possibility of long-term energy storage and re-electrification, hydrogen promises to promote the effective utilization of renewable and sustainable energy resources. Clean hydrogen can be produced through a renewable-powered water electrolysis process. Although alkaline water electrolysis is currently the mature and commercially available electrolysis technology for hydrogen production, it has several shortcomings that hinder its integration with intermittent and fluctuating renewable energy sources. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) technology has been developed to offer high voltage efficiencies at high current densities. Besides, PEMWE cells are characterized by a fast system response to fluctuating renewable power, enabling operations at broader partial power load ranges while consistently delivering high-purity hydrogen with low ohmic losses. Recently, much effort has been devoted to improving the efficiency, performance, durability, and economy of PEMWE cells. The research activities in this context include investigations of different cell component materials, protective coatings, and material characterizations, as well as the synthesis and analysis of new electrocatalysts for enhanced electrochemical activity and stability with minimized use of noble metals. Further, many modeling studies have been reported to analyze cell performance considering cell electrochemistry, overvoltage, and thermodynamics. Thus, it is imperative to review and compile recent research studies covering multiple aspects of PEMWE cells in one literature to present advancements and limitations of this field. This article offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of PEMWE cells. It compiles recent research on each PEMWE cell component and discusses how the characteristics of these components affect the overall cell performance. In addition, the electrochemical activity and stability of various catalyst materials are reviewed. Further, the thermodynamics and electrochemistry of electrolytic water splitting are described, and inherent cell overvoltage are elucidated. The available literature on PEMWE cell modeling, aimed at analyzing the performance of PEMWE cells, is compiled. Overall, this article provides the advancements in cell components, materials, electrocatalysts, and modeling research for PEMWE to promote the effective utilization of renewable but intermittent and fluctuating energy in the pursuit of a seamless transition to clean energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18283,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 44-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589299124000168/pdfft?md5=9a4aa9d84edb6ff44dfb3c1e41064537&pid=1-s2.0-S2589299124000168-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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