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Impact of Social Distancing on Geriatric Hip Fractures Among Jordanian Population During COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间社会距离对约旦老年人髋部骨折的影响
Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2022.33.37-39
Fadi M AlRousan, Abdullah Alkhawaldah, Razi Y Altarawneh, Ala K Al-Qudah, Ahmad K Almigdad

Background: There were serious concerns about delivering the care and support to the elderly population in Jordan during the full lockdown period. In turn, this raised concerns about how this group of population will care for themselves and if this change in the situation will increase the risk of falls and related geriatric hip fractures. Hip fractures are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the geriatric population. Jordan has been affected by the coronavirus disease, COVID-19; pandemic like other parts of the world. The Jordanian authorities acted early to prevent the infection from spread, and lockdown along with social distancing measures were implemented early and enforced. Even though these measures successfully slowed the spread of the virus, some concerns were raised about the delivery of care by the family and caregivers to Jordanian geriatric population.

Objective: We studied the effect of lockdown and social distancing in Jordan on hip fracture incidence among the geriatric population during the lockdown period.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at two Jordanian Royal Medical Services (JRMS) hospitals, King Hussein Medical Center and Prince Rashid Hospital. Patients who were treated surgically for traumatic hip dislocation during lockdown (15th March to 30th April 2020) were compared with patients during the corresponding period in 2019 regarding the incidence of geriatric hip fractures.

Results: The lockdown group included 102 trauma patients, 68 patients (66.7%) had geriatric hip fractures. On the other hand, the non-lockdown group included 144 patients, 45 (31.3%) had hip fractures. Thus, the proportion of patients with geriatric hip fractures in the lockdown group was significantly higher than the non-lockdown group (P=0.034). However, the geriatric hip fractures male to female ratio were the same in lockdown and non-lockdown groups (1:1.5).

Conclusion: During the complete lockdown and social distancing due to COVID-19, the epidemiology of surgically treated fractures changed; there is a decrease in the total number of trauma patients and an increase in the proportion of geriatric hip fractures.

背景:在全面封锁期间向约旦老年人提供护理和支持存在严重关切。反过来,这引起了人们对这群人如何照顾自己的担忧,以及这种情况的变化是否会增加跌倒和相关老年髋部骨折的风险。髋部骨折是老年人群发病和死亡的重要原因。约旦受到冠状病毒病COVID-19的影响;像世界上其他地方一样流行。约旦当局及早采取行动,防止感染传播,并及早实施了封锁和保持社交距离措施。尽管这些措施成功地减缓了病毒的传播,但对家庭和护理人员向约旦老年人口提供护理提出了一些关切。目的:研究约旦封锁和社会距离对封锁期间老年人髋部骨折发生率的影响。方法:本回顾性观察研究在两家约旦皇家医疗服务(JRMS)医院,侯赛因国王医疗中心和拉希德王子医院进行。将封锁期间(2020年3月15日至4月30日)接受手术治疗的外伤性髋关节脱位患者与2019年同期的老年髋部骨折患者进行比较。结果:锁定组包括102例外伤患者,68例(66.7%)为老年性髋部骨折。另一方面,非锁定组包括144例患者,其中45例(31.3%)髋部骨折。因此,锁定组老年髋部骨折患者比例显著高于非锁定组(P=0.034)。然而,老年髋部骨折的男女比例在锁定组和非锁定组是相同的(1:1.5)。结论:在新冠肺炎疫情全面封锁和保持社交距离期间,手术治疗骨折的流行病学发生了变化;创伤患者的总数有所减少,老年髋部骨折的比例有所增加。
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引用次数: 2
Communication and Language Skills of Autistic Spectrum Disorders in Children and Their Parents' Emotions. 自闭症谱系障碍儿童的沟通和语言技能及其父母情绪。
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.250-256
Amela Ibrahimagic, Nedim Patkovic, Bojan Radic, Selmir Hadzic

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability, which is a biologically based neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a child's social interaction and communication skills. Core deficits are identified in two domains: social communication/interaction and restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior. Children and youth with ASD have service needs in behavioral, educational, health, leisure, family support, and other areas. Autism is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions, characterized by inability to acquire social skills, repetitive behaviors and failure of speech and nonverbal communication development.

Objective: To examine frequency, correlation and predictivity of communication and language skills of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) children and their parents' emotions.

Methods: The sample consisted of 80 participants who are parents of children with ASD. The study was performed using a questionnaire made out for this research. Three groups of variables were analyzed: parental emotions variables; child's communication variables, child's language variables. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS, and included basic statistical parameters and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The most common ways of communicate for children with ASD are: Allowing to cuddle; Recognizes familiar faces; and Makes it known when he needs help or wants an item. The most common language forms of children ASD are: Following simple instructions; Understanding connected words/phrases; Pronouncing single words; and Looking at when called by name. Parents of children with ASD expressed the greatest agreement with the following statements: "My child is more demanding than most other children"; "It seems to me that my child is very sensitive and easily upset"; "My child can't do much of what he's expected to know to do", and "I often lack energy."

Conclusion: Parents of children with ASD proved that their children have significant delays in communication and language. Developed communication and language skills of the child with ASD are valid predictors of parents' emotions/attitudes. Speech and language therapy work focused on developing the ASD child's communication and language skills can be expected to improve parents' emotions/attitudes.

背景:自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种发育性残疾,是一种基于生物学的神经发育障碍,影响儿童的社会交往和沟通能力。核心缺陷主要体现在两个领域:社会沟通/互动和限制性、重复性行为模式。患有自闭症的儿童和青少年在行为、教育、健康、休闲、家庭支持和其他领域都有服务需求。自闭症是一组异质性的神经发育疾病,其特征是无法获得社交技能,重复行为以及语言和非语言交流发展的失败。目的:探讨自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童沟通和语言技能与其父母情绪的频率、相关性及预测性。方法:样本由80名ASD患儿的父母组成。这项研究是使用为这项研究制定的问卷进行的。分析了三组变量:父母情绪变量;孩子的交流变量,孩子的语言变量。统计分析采用SPSS软件,包括基本统计参数和多元回归分析。结果:ASD患儿最常见的交流方式是:允许拥抱;识别熟悉的面孔;当他需要帮助或想要某件东西时,他会让人知道。ASD儿童最常见的语言形式是:遵循简单的指令;理解连接词/短语;单个单词的发音;叫到名字的时候看着。自闭症儿童的父母对以下陈述表达了最大的赞同:“我的孩子比大多数其他孩子要求更多”;“在我看来,我的孩子很敏感,很容易心烦意乱”;“我的孩子不能做很多他应该知道做的事情”,“我经常缺乏精力。”结论:ASD患儿的家长证明他们的孩子在沟通和语言方面有明显的延迟。自闭症儿童发展的沟通和语言技能是父母情绪/态度的有效预测指标。专注于发展ASD儿童沟通和语言技能的言语和语言治疗工作有望改善父母的情绪/态度。
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引用次数: 5
Mental Health of Teachers in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemics. 2019冠状病毒病大流行时期波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那教师的心理健康
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.257-261
Fehma Kovac, Haris Memisevic, Emira Svraka

Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 has affected all spheres of life, including education. Teachers at all levels were faced with numerous challenges during the pandemic. These challenges had an impact on their mental health.

Objective: The goal of the present study was to examine the depression, anxiety, and stress levels in teachers in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Methods: The sample for this study consisted of 559 teachers (471 female teachers and 88 male teachers). We used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS 21) to measure teachers' emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress.

Results: The findings of this study clearly indicate the high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in teachers. We also identified that levels of support provided by family members and school administration served as protective factors in the time of crisis.

Conclusion: Teachers in Bosnia and Herzegovina have a high prevalence of elevated depression, anxiety, and stress levels. The article concludes with some recommendations on how to improve the mental health of teachers.

背景:2019冠状病毒病大流行影响到生活的各个领域,包括教育。在大流行期间,各级教师都面临着许多挑战。这些挑战对他们的心理健康产生了影响。目的:本研究的目的是调查波黑教师的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平。方法:本研究的样本为559名教师,其中女教师471名,男教师88名。我们使用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表(DASS 21)来测量教师的抑郁、焦虑和压力情绪状态。结果:本研究结果清楚地显示教师的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平较高。我们还发现,家庭成员和学校管理部门提供的支持水平是危机时期的保护因素。结论:波黑教师抑郁、焦虑和压力水平较高。文章最后就如何提高教师的心理健康水平提出了几点建议。
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引用次数: 4
Awareness and Knowledge Towards Pediatric and Adult COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross Sectional Community-based Study in Saudi Arabia. 对儿童和成人COVID-19疫苗接种的认识和知识:沙特阿拉伯的一项横断面社区研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.262-268
Hanin Jaber AlGethami, Mohammed Abdullah Altamran, Mohammad Shibly Khan, Kadher Mohaideen Noorul Zaman, Nahla Alswaied

Background: As the covid-19 vaccination programs scaling up globally, there remains a growing concern about the community level awareness towards it. We aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness among general population towards covid-19 in adult and pediatric population.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and awareness among adult Saudi people toward covid-19 vaccine for adults and children.

Methods: We conducted a cross sectional, community-based study among a representative sample (N=1373) of adult population in Saudi Arabia during October 2021. A structured, closed ended and pre-tested questionnaire was used online to collect the quantitative data through non-random sampling.

Results: A great majority (91%) considered the seriousness of covid-19. About 80% perceived the available vaccines to be highly protective against the COVID-19 infection and complications. While about 69.7% agreed that pediatric vaccination will reduce the spread of covid-19, about 77.3% agreed on encouraging the parents to vaccinate their children. Only 43% were aware that vaccination is safe for breast feeding women and about 50.6% considered the vaccination to be safe in pregnant females. About 52.8% responded that the pediatric vaccine has same safety as efficacy as that in adults. The association with knowledge items was observed to be significant (p<0.05) with occupation, education, income and being previously affected with covid-19.

Conclusion: Overall, a high level of awareness was observed in our study, however, there were factors observed to be taken care such as vaccination in breast feeding and pregnant females as well as concerns related to safety and efficacy for pediatric vaccination.

背景:随着covid-19疫苗接种规划在全球范围内的扩大,人们越来越关注社区层面对其的认识。我们的目的是评估成人和儿童中普通人群对covid-19的知识和意识。目的:本研究的目的是评估沙特成年人对成人和儿童covid-19疫苗的知识和意识。方法:我们于2021年10月在沙特阿拉伯成年人口的代表性样本(N=1373)中进行了一项以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用结构化、封闭式、预测的在线问卷,通过非随机抽样的方式收集定量数据。结果:绝大多数(91%)认为covid-19的严重性。约80%的人认为现有疫苗对COVID-19感染和并发症具有高度保护作用。约69.7%的人同意儿童接种疫苗可以减少covid-19的传播,约77.3%的人同意鼓励父母为孩子接种疫苗。只有43%的人知道母乳喂养妇女接种疫苗是安全的,约50.6%的人认为孕妇接种疫苗是安全的。约52.8%的人认为儿童疫苗与成人疫苗具有相同的安全性和有效性。结论:总体而言,在我们的研究中观察到较高的意识水平,然而,有观察到需要注意的因素,如母乳喂养和孕妇的疫苗接种,以及与儿童疫苗接种的安全性和有效性有关的问题。
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引用次数: 3
Correlation Between Inflammatory and Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Diabetes and Urinary Tract Infection. 糖尿病与尿路感染患者炎症及生化指标的相关性研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.240-243
Azra Burekovic, Edhem Haskovic, Faruk Ceric, Dzenana Halilovic

Background: Hyperglycemia, polyuria, and glycosuria are all risk factors for the frequency of urinary tract infections in patients with diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study is to establish correlation between inflammatory and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetes and urinary tract infection.

Methods: Total number 116 patients were monitored, at the ages between 18-95 years, with diabetes and urinary tract infection, of which 59.49% women and 40.51% men. Patients were with a duration of diabetes from 0 to over 20 years, with an average fasting glycemia of 9.54 mmol/l, and postprandial glycemia 13.94 mmol/l, HbA1C 9.92%, which have been poorly regulated in the last 3-4 months. Inflammatory parameters SE, CRP, leukocytes were correlated with inflammatory parameters of urine sediment and positive urine cultures.

Results: Average values of urea, creatinine, and proteinuria were positively correlated with the duration of diabetes. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus feecalis, and Candida albicans were the most common pathogens isolated in urine culture, 51 patients had reinfection once, 39 patients had two reinfections, and 26 patients had three reinfections during the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion: Duration of diabetes, long-term poor glycoregulation lead to microangiopathic changes in the kidneys in the form of diabetic nephropathy with retention of nitrogenous substances of urea, creatinine with proteinuria, and acute hyperglycemia, polyuria and glycosuria, further leading to frequent urinary tract infections.

背景:高血糖、多尿和糖尿都是糖尿病患者尿路感染发生的危险因素。目的:探讨糖尿病尿路感染患者炎症及生化指标的相关性。方法:对116例糖尿病合并尿路感染患者进行监测,年龄18 ~ 95岁,其中女性占59.49%,男性占40.51%。患者糖尿病病程0 ~ 20年以上,平均空腹血糖9.54 mmol/l,餐后血糖13.94 mmol/l,糖化血红蛋白9.92%,近3 ~ 4个月调节不良。炎性参数SE、CRP、白细胞与尿沉渣炎性参数及尿培养阳性相关。结果:尿素、肌酐、蛋白尿平均值与糖尿病病程呈正相关。尿培养中最常见的病原菌为大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌和白色念珠菌,随访6个月,51例发生1次再感染,39例发生2次再感染,26例发生3次再感染。结论:糖尿病持续时间长,长期糖调节不良导致肾脏微血管病变,表现为糖尿病肾病,伴尿素氮物质潴留,肌酐伴蛋白尿,急性高血糖、多尿、糖尿,进一步导致尿路感染频繁发生。
{"title":"Correlation Between Inflammatory and Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Diabetes and Urinary Tract Infection.","authors":"Azra Burekovic,&nbsp;Edhem Haskovic,&nbsp;Faruk Ceric,&nbsp;Dzenana Halilovic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2021.33.240-243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2021.33.240-243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperglycemia, polyuria, and glycosuria are all risk factors for the frequency of urinary tract infections in patients with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to establish correlation between inflammatory and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetes and urinary tract infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total number 116 patients were monitored, at the ages between 18-95 years, with diabetes and urinary tract infection, of which 59.49% women and 40.51% men. Patients were with a duration of diabetes from 0 to over 20 years, with an average fasting glycemia of 9.54 mmol/l, and postprandial glycemia 13.94 mmol/l, HbA1C 9.92%, which have been poorly regulated in the last 3-4 months. Inflammatory parameters SE, CRP, leukocytes were correlated with inflammatory parameters of urine sediment and positive urine cultures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average values of urea, creatinine, and proteinuria were positively correlated with the duration of diabetes. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus feecalis, and Candida albicans were the most common pathogens isolated in urine culture, 51 patients had reinfection once, 39 patients had two reinfections, and 26 patients had three reinfections during the 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Duration of diabetes, long-term poor glycoregulation lead to microangiopathic changes in the kidneys in the form of diabetic nephropathy with retention of nitrogenous substances of urea, creatinine with proteinuria, and acute hyperglycemia, polyuria and glycosuria, further leading to frequent urinary tract infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18358,"journal":{"name":"Materia Socio-Medica","volume":"33 4","pages":"240-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/df/MSM-33-240.PMC8812372.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39959428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An Overview of Play Therapy. 游戏治疗概述。
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.293-297
Konstantinos Koukourikos, Areti Tsaloglidou, Laila Tzeha, Christos Iliadis, Aikaterini Frantzana, Aristi Katsimbeli, Lambrini Kourkouta

Background: Play is an essential parameter of children's growth and expression and this is the reason of why the use of play therapy is considered as fundamental means of preventing and dealing with problems and difficulties presented to children.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to review the parameters related to this issue, emphasizing the efficacy of this therapeutic approach to various problems of children.

Methods: A review of the recent literature on the issue, searching through Greek and international databases (Medline, Heal-link), in English and Greek language.

Results: The review shows that play therapy as a form of prevention and treatment is suitable mainly for preschool and school age children. It is addressed to children who are in a transition period of their lives (after a divorce, a loss), with difficulties in managing feelings, in socializing or children who have behavioral problems. It is also addressed to children who have been witnesses of domestic violence, who have suffered some form of abuse, children who are to undergo a major surgery or those who have speech disorders. Furthermore, it is suitable for children who have some kind of developmental disorder (autism or attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder). Its efficiency is demonstrated by numerous research papers reporting a significant decrease of negative emotions and behaviors by its use.

Conclusion: Play therapy is an alternative proposal of intervention on important issues related to children. Its implementation and value is widely known and is constantly expanding. The only condition for its implementation is the correct theoretical training of the professionals and the proper diagnosis.

背景:游戏是儿童成长和表达的重要参数,这就是为什么使用游戏疗法被认为是预防和处理儿童遇到的问题和困难的基本手段。目的:本文的目的是回顾与该问题相关的参数,强调这种治疗方法对儿童各种问题的疗效。方法:回顾最近关于该问题的文献,通过希腊和国际数据库(Medline, Heal-link)检索,以英语和希腊语。结果:游戏治疗作为一种预防和治疗形式,主要适用于学龄前和学龄儿童。它针对的是处于生活过渡期的孩子(离婚后,失去亲人),在管理情感,社交方面有困难,或者有行为问题的孩子。它也适用于目睹家庭暴力的儿童、遭受某种形式虐待的儿童、将要接受大手术的儿童或有语言障碍的儿童。此外,它适用于患有某种发育障碍(自闭症或注意缺陷/多动障碍)的儿童。大量的研究报告表明,使用它可以显著减少负面情绪和行为,这证明了它的有效性。结论:游戏治疗是干预儿童重要问题的一种替代方案。它的实施和价值是众所周知的,并在不断扩大。对专业人员进行正确的理论培训和正确的诊断是其实施的唯一条件。
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引用次数: 2
Methylene Blue as Inexpensive and Reliable Sole Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping Agent for Patients with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 亚甲基蓝作为浸润性导管癌患者廉价可靠的脚底前哨淋巴结定位剂。
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.282-287
Emir Halilbasic, Ermina Iljazovic, Zlatan Mehmedovic, Eldar Brkic, Goran Sarkanovic

Background: Invasive ductal cancer (IDC) represents about 75% of all breast malignancies. There are many breast cancer prognostic factors, but the ones that have the most impact on the survival rates in advanced breast cancer are tumor size and regional lymph node involvement. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has particularly important and undoubtful role in current surgical options for breast cancer treatment. With the introduction of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for breast cancer patients it was possible to identify those to whom regional spread of the disease did not occur at the time of surgery, and thus spare them an unnecessary ALND procedure.

Objective: To determine the rate of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection using only methylene blue dye as a mapping agent, as well as to correlate the number of positive SLNs with the number of positive non-sentinel lymph nodes (non-SLNs).

Methods: The study represents a prospective study that included 50 female patients with histologically confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) who underwent SLNB using only methylene blue dye as the mapping agent, while the detection and harvest of SNL was done by visual control only. All patients also underwent an obligatory complete ALND, which was as that time the institutional oncological protocol for surgical treatment of histologically confirmed IDC. The final data such as tumor size, SLN and non-SLN status were obtained by further analysis of pathohistological reports from tumor biopsy and other surgical specimens.

Results: The accuracy rate of SLN detection was 98%. The number of detected SLN was in the range of 1 to 6, with an average of 2 for each patient. The number of positive SLN was in significant correlation with the number of tumor-affected non-SNL (p<0,001). Further analysis showed that for each increase in the number of positive SLN by 1, the risk of positive non-SLN increased 6-fold, OR=6,22 (p<0,001).

Conclusion: Use of methylene blue dye as a sole mapping agent when performing SLNB in patients with IDC is a reliable and effective method that can be safely implemented in medical institutions that lack availability of nuclear medicine services or significant monetary funds.

背景:浸润性导管癌(Invasive ductal cancer, IDC)约占所有乳腺恶性肿瘤的75%。影响乳腺癌预后的因素有很多,但对晚期乳腺癌存活率影响最大的是肿瘤大小和局部淋巴结受累情况。腋窝淋巴结清扫术(ALND)在当前乳腺癌手术治疗中具有特别重要和不容置疑的作用。随着前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB)对乳腺癌患者的引入,有可能确定哪些患者在手术时没有发生疾病的区域扩散,从而使他们免于不必要的ALND手术。目的:探讨单纯亚甲基蓝染色对前哨淋巴结(sentinel lymph node, SLN)的检出率,以及SLN阳性与非前哨淋巴结(non-sentinel lymph nodes, non-SLN)阳性的相关性。方法:本研究是一项前瞻性研究,纳入50例经组织学证实的浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma, IDC)女性患者,仅使用亚甲基蓝染料作为作图剂行SLNB,而SNL的检测和采集仅采用视觉对照。所有患者还接受了强制性的完整ALND,这是当时组织学证实的IDC手术治疗的机构肿瘤学方案。肿瘤大小、SLN及非SLN状态等最终数据需进一步分析肿瘤活检及其他手术标本的病理组织学报告。结果:SLN的检出率为98%。检测到的SLN数量在1 ~ 6个之间,平均每个患者2个。SLN阳性数量与肿瘤影响的非snl数量呈显著相关(p结论:在IDC患者行SLNB时,使用亚甲基蓝染料作为唯一的定位剂是一种可靠有效的方法,可以在缺乏核医学服务或大量货币资金的医疗机构中安全实施。
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引用次数: 3
The Epidemiological Characteristics of Autoimmune Thyroiditis in the Tuzla Canton in the Period from 2015 to 2020. 2015 - 2020年图兹拉州自身免疫性甲状腺炎流行病学特征分析
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.288-292
Belkisa Izic, Amer Custovic, Selma Caluk, Hanifa Fejzic, Broza Saric Kundalic, Maida Sljivic Husejnovic

Background: Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is one of the countries of Southeast Europe with the lack of data about chronic autoimmune thyroid diseases (CAITD) epidemiology.

Objective: This research aimed to assess incidence of CAITD in the Tuzla Canton of B&H during a 6-year period (2015-2020).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 82,000 hospital records of inpatients and outpatients with possible thyroid symptoms residing in Tuzla Canton of B&H (total of 445,028 inhabitants). The study included patients with laboratory and clinical proof of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Incidence rates were calculated with age standardisation using European standard population. Trends in incidence were evaluated as moving three-year averages.

Results: During the observed period, 1875 patients satisfied the diagnostic criteria for CAITD with male to female ratio of 1: 8.01. Median age of all cases was 46 years (interquartile range: 31 to 61) and women and men were on average the same age at the time of diagnosis. The overall standardized incidence was found to be 71.25 per 105 (%95 CI=63.36-79.15). The overall standardized incidence in men was 16.25 per 105 and 123.74 per 105 in women. In the end of the observed period, AITD prevalence was 427.52 per 105 (% 95 CI=408.17-446.87).

Conclusion: There was a slight decline of incidence in our region during the observed period. This decrease might be the result of combination of various factors, mainly the Corona epidemics outbreak and emigration. On the basis of the lower incidence rate in the Tuzla Canton, one can assume that iodine prophylaxis carried out in order to eradicate goitre had satisfied expectations because there had not been any enormous increase in patients with AITD.

背景:波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那(B&H)是东南欧缺乏慢性自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(CAITD)流行病学数据的国家之一。目的:本研究旨在评估6年期间(2015-2020年)B&H图兹拉州CAITD的发病率。方法:我们回顾性地评估了居住在B&H图兹拉州的82,000名可能有甲状腺症状的住院和门诊患者(总共445,028名居民)。该研究包括有自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)实验室和临床证据的患者。发病率采用欧洲标准人口年龄标准化计算。发病率趋势以三年移动平均值评估。结果:观察期内符合CAITD诊断标准的患者1875例,男女比例为1:8 .01。所有病例的中位年龄为46岁(四分位数范围:31至61岁),女性和男性在诊断时的平均年龄相同。总标准化发病率为71.25 / 105 (%95 CI=63.36-79.15)。男性的总标准化发病率为16.25 / 105,女性为123.74 / 105。在观察期结束时,AITD患病率为427.52 / 105 (% 95 CI=408.17-446.87)。结论:观察期内,我区的发病率略有下降。这种下降可能是多种因素共同作用的结果,主要是冠状病毒疫情的爆发和移民。根据图兹拉州发病率较低,可以假设为根除甲状腺肿而进行的碘预防达到了预期,因为AITD患者没有大幅增加。
{"title":"The Epidemiological Characteristics of Autoimmune Thyroiditis in the Tuzla Canton in the Period from 2015 to 2020.","authors":"Belkisa Izic,&nbsp;Amer Custovic,&nbsp;Selma Caluk,&nbsp;Hanifa Fejzic,&nbsp;Broza Saric Kundalic,&nbsp;Maida Sljivic Husejnovic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2021.33.288-292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2021.33.288-292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is one of the countries of Southeast Europe with the lack of data about chronic autoimmune thyroid diseases (CAITD) epidemiology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to assess incidence of CAITD in the Tuzla Canton of B&H during a 6-year period (2015-2020).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 82,000 hospital records of inpatients and outpatients with possible thyroid symptoms residing in Tuzla Canton of B&H (total of 445,028 inhabitants). The study included patients with laboratory and clinical proof of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Incidence rates were calculated with age standardisation using European standard population. Trends in incidence were evaluated as moving three-year averages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the observed period, 1875 patients satisfied the diagnostic criteria for CAITD with male to female ratio of 1: 8.01. Median age of all cases was 46 years (interquartile range: 31 to 61) and women and men were on average the same age at the time of diagnosis. The overall standardized incidence was found to be 71.25 per 105 (%95 CI=63.36-79.15). The overall standardized incidence in men was 16.25 per 105 and 123.74 per 105 in women. In the end of the observed period, AITD prevalence was 427.52 per 105 (% 95 CI=408.17-446.87).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a slight decline of incidence in our region during the observed period. This decrease might be the result of combination of various factors, mainly the Corona epidemics outbreak and emigration. On the basis of the lower incidence rate in the Tuzla Canton, one can assume that iodine prophylaxis carried out in order to eradicate goitre had satisfied expectations because there had not been any enormous increase in patients with AITD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18358,"journal":{"name":"Materia Socio-Medica","volume":"33 4","pages":"288-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/63/59/MSM-33-288.PMC8812379.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39959859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Risk Factors of Synchronous Breast and Thyroid Cancer: a Controlled Multicenter Study and Review of the Literature. 同步性乳腺癌和甲状腺癌的危险因素:一项对照多中心研究和文献综述。
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.298-303
Stefanos Zervoudis, Georgios Iatrakis, Anisa Markja, Georgios Tsatsaris, Anastasia Bothou, Georg Fg von Tempelhoff, Mirsini Balafouta, Pana Tsikouras

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in women in the United States. Thyroid cancer (TC) is also one of the fastest increasing cancer types in the United States, with most cases being papillary thyroid carcinomas.

Objective: To identify possible risk factors for the synchronous or metachronous co-occurrence of breast and thyroid cancers.

Methods: We carried out a study, which consisted of data from four gynecological clinics: two in Greece (Athens, Alexandroupolis, Ioannina) and one in Germany, collected from June 2017 to June 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 58 patients with breast cancer and a personal history of thyroid cancer. The second group (control group) included 50 patients with the same characteristics as to age, parity, type of pregnancy, treatment for sterility, polycystic ovaries, regularity of the menstrual cycle, breast density, BMI, family history of cancer, blood group rhesus and histological results of breast cancer. The data we collected were analyzed using version 20 of the SPSS statistical package. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis and a p-value<0.005 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The only factors that seem to be related with the association of breast and thyroid cancer were: history of abortion and multiparity.

Conclusion: In our study there is a higher chance of developing breast cancer after diagnosing thyroid cancer and vice versa. More than genetic mutations, a possible hormonal pathway of these two malignancies is possible. The hormonal change in women who had many children or abortions could be a risk factor to develop both cancers. More studies are necessary to confirm our findings.

背景:癌症(BC)是美国女性最常见的癌症之一。甲状腺癌症(TC)也是美国增长最快的癌症类型之一,大多数病例为甲状腺乳头状癌。目的:确定乳腺癌和甲状腺癌同时发生或异时发生的可能危险因素。方法:我们进行了一项研究,该研究由四家妇科诊所的数据组成:两家在希腊(雅典、亚历山德鲁波利斯、约阿尼纳),一家在德国,收集时间为2017年6月至2020年6月。将患者分为两组:第一组包括58名癌症患者和有癌症个人病史的患者。第二组(对照组)包括50名在年龄、产次、妊娠类型、不孕治疗、多囊卵巢、月经周期规律、乳房密度、BMI、癌症家族史、恒河猴血型和癌症组织学结果等方面具有相同特征的患者。使用SPSS统计软件包第20版对我们收集的数据进行分析。Chi平方检验用于统计分析和p值。结果:似乎与乳腺癌和甲状腺癌症相关的唯一因素是:流产史和多胎性。结论:在我们的研究中,诊断为癌症后,患癌症的几率更高,反之亦然。除了基因突变,这两种恶性肿瘤的激素途径也是可能的。有许多孩子或堕胎的女性的激素变化可能是患这两种癌症的风险因素。需要更多的研究来证实我们的发现。
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引用次数: 2
Breastfeeding Promotion and the Results of the Maternity Ward - a Friend of Children Initiative Implementation in Bjelovar-Bilogora County in 2018. 2018年在比耶洛瓦尔-比洛戈拉县推广母乳喂养和产科病房——儿童之友倡议实施的结果。
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2021.33.269-275
Zeljka Ostovic, Marija Catipovic, Zlatko Hrgovic, Marko Lagancic, Iva Vusic, Rajko Fures, Zana Stanic, Sanja Malinac Malojcic, Martin Gredicak, Fabijan Feratovic

Background: Breastfeeding has a beneficial effect on the overall health system of the child and the mother. After six months of age, it is recommended to introduce complementary feeding in parallel and to continue breastfeeding for at least one year of the child's life. Maternal education is one of the key tasks of medical staff during pregnancy and especially during lactation.

Objective: The main objectives of the study is to determine the essential features of female respondents with regard to previous pregnancies, births and health visitors visits after birth; to determine the percentage of women whose lactation was started in hospital and who exclusively breastfed; to determine the differences in child's diet during a health visitor visit at two, four, six, nine and twelve months in regards to female respondents' age.

Methods: The study has been conducted as a cross-sectional study. 571 women who gave birth in General Hospital of Bjelovar took part in the survey and the reviewing was continued by Health Visiting Service of Bjelovar-Bilogora County in 2018. The tools for data collection were IT system of General Hospital of Bjelovar, case histories as well as Health Visiting Service IT system.

Results: Most of the female respondents are of the average age of 30 years. The study was conducted on a highly educated sample. 461 respondents have a certain form of education. Older respondents are considerably more educated (62 %). Single respondents and extramarital respondents are considerably of younger age. Older respondents predominantly live in the town, have more previous pregnancies and children compared to younger respondents. Lactation was started with 98.8 % respondents in hospital, and 96.7 % exclusively breastfed. The mothers of older ages breastfeed longer.

Conclusion: Older, educated, employed, married, town residential female respondents decide upon breastfeeding and exclusively breastfeeding. Older respondents have more experience with previous pregnancies and lactation. The study has confirmed that older mothers breastfeed longer, while younger mothers more often reach for milk alternatives.

背景:母乳喂养对儿童和母亲的整体健康系统都有有益的影响。6个月后,建议同时引入补充喂养,并在婴儿生命的至少1年内继续母乳喂养。孕产妇教育是孕期特别是哺乳期医务人员的重点工作之一。目的:研究的主要目的是确定女性应答者在怀孕、分娩和分娩后健康检查方面的基本特征;确定在医院开始哺乳和纯母乳喂养的妇女的百分比;确定2个月、4个月、6个月、9个月和12个月健康访视期间儿童饮食与女性应答者年龄的差异。方法:本研究采用横断面研究。比耶洛瓦综合医院571名分娩妇女参与了调查,并于2018年由比耶洛瓦-比洛戈拉县卫生访问服务处继续进行审查。数据收集工具为比耶洛瓦市总医院IT系统、病历资料和健康访视服务IT系统。结果:受访女性平均年龄在30岁左右。这项研究是在受过高等教育的样本中进行的。461名受访者接受过一定形式的教育。年龄较大的受访者受教育程度要高得多(62%)。单身受访者和婚外恋受访者的年龄要年轻得多。年长的受访者主要住在镇上,与年轻的受访者相比,有更多的怀孕和孩子。98.8%的应答者是在医院开始哺乳的,96.7%是纯母乳喂养的。年龄较大的母亲母乳喂养的时间更长。结论:年龄较大、受过教育、有工作、已婚、城镇居住的女性受访者选择母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养。年龄较大的受访者有更多的怀孕和哺乳经验。该研究证实,年龄较大的母亲母乳喂养的时间更长,而年轻的母亲往往会选择母乳替代品。
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引用次数: 0
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