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Multi-objective optimization of stormwater pipe networks and on-line stormwater treatment devices in an ultra-urban setting 超城市环境下雨水管网和在线雨水处理装置的多目标优化
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.1.075
Jin Hwi Kim, D. H. Lee, Joo-Hyon Kang
In a highly urbanized area, land availability is limited for the installation of space consuming stormwater systems for best management practices (BMPs), leading to the consideration of underground stormwater treatment devices connected to the stormwater pipe system. The configuration of a stormwater pipe network determines the hydrological and pollutant transport characteristics of the stormwater discharged through the pipe network, and thus should be an important design consideration for effective management of stormwater quantity and quality. This article presents a multi-objective optimization approach for designing a stormwater pipe network with on-line stormwater treatment devices to achieve an optimal trade-off between the total installation cost and the annual removal efficiency of total suspended solids (TSS). The Non-dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was adapted to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. The study site used to demonstrate the developed approach was a commercial area that has an existing pipe network with eight outfalls into an adjacent stream in Yongin City, South Korea. The stormwater management model (SWMM) was calibrated based on the data obtained from a subcatchment within the study area and was further used to simulate the flow rates and TSS discharge rates through a given pipe network for the entire study area. In the simulation, an underground stormwater treatment device was assumed to be installed at each outfall and sized proportional to the average flow rate at the outfall. The total installation cost for the pipes and underground devices was estimated based on empirical formulas using the flow rates and TSS discharge rates simulated by the SWMM. In the demonstration example, the installation cost could be reduced by up to 9% while the annual TSS removal efficiency could be increased by 4% compared to the original pipe network configuration. The annual TSS removal efficiency was relatively insensitive to the total installation cost in the Pareto-optimal solutions of the pipe network design. The results suggested that the installation cost of the pipes and stormwater treatment devices can be substantially reduced without significantly compromising the pollutant removal efficiency when the pipe network is optimally designed.
在高度城市化的地区,为实现最佳管理实践(BMPs)而安装消耗空间的雨水系统的可用土地有限,因此需要考虑连接到雨水管道系统的地下雨水处理装置。雨水管网的配置决定了通过管网排放的雨水的水文和污染物运移特性,因此应成为有效管理雨水数量和质量的重要设计考虑因素。本文提出了一种多目标优化方法,用于设计具有在线雨水处理装置的雨水管网,以实现总安装成本与总悬浮物(TSS)年去除效率之间的最佳权衡。采用非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)求解多目标优化问题。用于演示开发方法的研究地点是韩国龙仁市的一个商业区,该商业区现有管网有八个出水口,流入邻近的河流。雨水管理模型(SWMM)是根据研究区内的一个小集水区的数据进行校准的,并进一步用于模拟整个研究区内通过给定管网的流量和TSS排放率。在模拟中,假设在每个出口安装一个地下雨水处理装置,其大小与出口的平均流量成正比。利用SWMM模拟的流量和TSS流量,根据经验公式估算管道和地下装置的总安装成本。在演示示例中,与原始管网配置相比,安装成本可降低9%,而年TSS去除效率可提高4%。在管网设计的pareto最优解中,TSS的年清除效率对总安装成本相对不敏感。结果表明,管网优化设计可以在不影响污染物去除效率的前提下大幅度降低管道和雨水处理装置的安装成本。
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引用次数: 0
The design of an ejector type microbubble generator for aeration tanks 喷射式曝气池微泡发生器的设计
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.4.307
Ji-Young Lim, Hyun-Sik Kim, Soo-young Park, Jin-Han Kim
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引用次数: 3
Organotemplate-free synthesis of ZSM-5 membrane for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol 异丙醇渗透蒸发脱水用ZSM-5膜的无有机模板合成
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.5.353
Jiajia Li, Liangqing Li, Jianhua Yang, Jinming Lu, Jinqu Wang
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引用次数: 2
Contributions of emergent vegetation acting as a substrate for biofilms in a free water surface constructed wetland 在自由水面人工湿地中作为生物膜基质的应急植被的贡献
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.1.057
R. Zhao, Jing Cheng, Q. Yuan, Yaoping Chen, Youngchul Kim
This study assessed the contribution of emergent vegetation (Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, and Nelumbo nucifera) to the submerged surface area, the amount of biofilms attached to the submerged portions of the plants, and the treatment performance of a free water surface (FWS) constructed wetland. Results showed that a 1% increase (31 m2) in the vegetative area resulted in an increase of 220 m2 of submerged surface area, and 0.48 kg Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) of attached biofilm. As the vegetation coverage increased, effluent organic matter and total Kjeldahl nitrogen decreased. Conversely, a higher nitrate concentration was found in the effluent as a result of increased nitrification and incomplete denitrification, which was limited by the availability of a carbon source. In addition, a larger vegetation coverage resulted in a higher phosphorus in the effluent, most likely released from senescent biofilms and sediments, which resulted from the partial suppression of algal growth. Based on the results, it was recommended that constructed wetlands should be operated with a vegetation coverage of just under 50% to maximize pollutant removal.
本研究评估了芦苇(Phragmites australis)、风叶(Typha latifolia)和莲蓬(Nelumbo nucifera)等新兴植被对淹没表面积的贡献、植物淹没部分附着的生物膜数量以及自由水面人工湿地(FWS)的处理性能。结果表明,植被面积每增加1% (31 m2),可增加220 m2的淹没表面积,增加0.48 kg的附着生物膜挥发性悬浮物(VSS)。随着植被覆盖度的增加,出水有机质和总凯氏定氮均呈下降趋势。相反,由于硝化作用增加和反硝化作用不完全,出水中硝酸盐浓度较高,这受到碳源可用性的限制。此外,更大的植被覆盖导致污水中磷含量更高,这很可能是由衰老的生物膜和沉积物释放的,这是部分抑制藻类生长的结果。在此基础上,建议人工湿地的植被覆盖率应在50%以下,以最大限度地去除污染物。
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引用次数: 2
Trend analysis of rainfall characteristics and its impact on stormwater runoff quality from urban and agricultural catchment 降雨特征趋势分析及其对城市和农业流域雨水径流质量的影响
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.1.045
I. Salim, M. Paule-Mercado, Raja Umer Sajjad, S. Memon, Bum‐Yeon Lee, C. Sukhbaatar, Chang‐Hee Lee
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引用次数: 4
PVA/H-β zeolite mixed matrix membranes for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol-water mixtures PVA/H-β沸石混合基质膜用于异丙醇-水混合物的渗透蒸发脱水
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.2.165
Zhen Huang, Xiao-fei Ru, Yu-hua Guo, Yaoyao Zhu, L. Teng
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引用次数: 2
Estimation of stormwater interception ratio for evaluating LID facilities performance in Korea 评估韩国LID设施性能的雨水截流率估算
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.1.019
Jeonghyeon Choi, O. Lee, Jeonghoon Lee, Sangdan Kim
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引用次数: 1
Enhancing anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste and cellulose by bioaugmentation with rumen culture 瘤胃培养生物增强法促进植物废物和纤维素的厌氧消化
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/mwt.2019.10.3.213
Yeadam Jo, Kwanghyun Hwang, Changsoo Lee
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation on the suspended solids and heavy metals removal mechanisms in bioretention systems 生物截留系统中悬浮物和重金属去除机制的评价
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/MWT.2019.10.1.091
F. Geronimo, M. Maniquiz-Redillas, Jungsun Hong, L. Kim
Application of bioretention systems in Korea is highly considered due to its minimal space requirements, appropriateness as small landscape areas and good pollutant removal and peak hydraulic flow reduction efficiency. In this study, the efficiency of two lab-scale bioretention types having different physical properties, media configuration and planted with different shrubs and perennials was investigated in reducing heavy metal pollutants in stormwater runoff. Type A bioretention systems were planted with shrubs whereas type B were planted with perennials. Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum (A-CL) and Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila (A-AP) respectively were planted in each type A bioretention reactors while Rhododendron indicum linnaeus (B-RL) and Spiraea japonica (B-SJ), respectively were planted in each type B bioretention reactors. Results revealed that the four lab-scale bioretention reactors significantly reduced the influent total suspended load by about 89 to 94% (p<0.01). Type B-RL and B-SJ reactors reduced soluble Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb by 28 to 45% that were 15 to 35% greater than the soluble metal reduction of type A-CL and A-AP reactors, respectively. Among the pollutants, total Cr attained the greatest discharged fraction of 0.52-0.81. Excluding the effect of soil media, total Pb attained the greatest retention fraction in the bioretention systems amounting to 0.15-0.34. Considering the least discharge fraction of heavy metal in the bioretention system, it was observed that the bioretention systems achieved effectual reduction in terms of total Cu, Zn and Pb. These findings were associated with the poor adsorption capacity of the soil used in each bioretention system. The results of this study may be used for estimating the maintenance requirements of bioretention systems.
生物滞留系统在韩国的应用受到高度重视,因为它对空间的要求最小,适合作为小型景观区域,并且具有良好的污染物去除和峰值水力流量降低效率。本研究研究了不同物理性质、不同介质配置、不同灌木和多年生植物种植的两种实验室规模的生物滞留类型在减少雨水径流中重金属污染物方面的效果。A型生物滞留系统以灌木为主,B型以多年生植物为主。A型生物滞留反应器中分别种植白菊花(A- cl)和黄水鸡(A- ap), B型生物滞留反应器中分别种植红杜鹃(B- rl)和绣线菊(B- sj)。结果表明,4个实验室规模的生物滞留反应器显著降低进水总悬浮负荷约89% ~ 94% (p<0.01)。B-RL型和B-SJ型反应器对可溶性Cr、Cu、Zn和Pb的还原率分别为28 ~ 45%,比A-CL型和A-AP型反应器对可溶性金属的还原率分别高15 ~ 35%。其中,总铬的排放分数最大,为0.52 ~ 0.81。除去土壤介质的影响,总Pb在生物滞留体系中的滞留率最大,为0.15 ~ 0.34。考虑到生物截留系统中重金属排放分数最小,生物截留系统对总Cu、Zn和Pb均有较好的降低效果。这些发现与每个生物滞留系统中使用的土壤的吸附能力差有关。本研究结果可用于估计生物滞留系统的维护需求。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of pollutant build-up model applied to various urban landuse 应用于城市不同土地利用的污染物积聚模型分析
IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12989/mwt.2019.10.1.013
Jiyeon Choi, E. Na, J. Ryu, Jinsun Kim, Hongtae Kim, Dongsuk Shin
This study was conducted to analyse the application of pollutant build-up model on various urban landuses and to characterize pollutant build-up on urban areas as a source of stormwater runoff pollution. The monitored data from impervious surfaces in urban areas such as commercial (8 sites), industrial (10 sites), road (8 sites), residential (10 sites), recreational (5 sites) from 2008 to 2016 were used for the analysis of pollutant build-up model. Based on the results, the average runoff coefficients vary from 0.35 to 0.61. In all landuses except recreational landuse, the runoff coefficient is 0.5 or more, which is the highest in the commercial area. Commercial landuse where pollutants occur at the highest EMC in all landuse, and it is considered that NPS management is necessary compared with other landuses. The maximum build-up load for organic matter (BOD) was highest in the commercial area (4.59 g/m2), and for particular matter (TSS) in the road area (5.90 g/m2) while for nutrient (TN and TP) in the residential area (0.40 g/m2, 0.14 g/m2). The rate constants ranged from 0.1 to 1.3 1/day depending on landuse and pollutant parameters, which means that pollutant accumulation occurs between 1 and 10 days during dry day. It is clear that these build-up curves can generally be classified based on landuse. Antecedent dry day (ADD) is a suitable and reasonable variable for developing pollutant build-up functions. The pollutant build-up curves for different landuse shows that these build-up curves can be generally categorized based on landuse.
本研究分析了污染物积聚模型在不同城市土地利用上的应用,并将城市地区的污染物积聚作为雨水径流污染的一个来源进行了表征。利用2008 - 2016年城市商业(8个点)、工业(10个点)、道路(8个点)、住宅(10个点)、娱乐(5个点)等不透水地表的监测数据,分析污染物积聚模型。结果表明,平均径流系数在0.35 ~ 0.61之间变化。除游憩用地外,所有用地的径流系数均在0.5以上,其中以商业区最高。商业用地是所有土地利用中污染物产生EMC最高的土地利用,与其他土地利用相比,被认为有必要进行NPS管理。商业区域的最大累积负荷为4.59 g/m2,道路区域的最大累积负荷为5.90 g/m2,而居民区域的最大累积负荷为0.40 g/m2和0.14 g/m2。根据土地利用方式和污染物参数的不同,污染物积累速率常数在0.1 ~ 1.3 1/d之间,即在旱季的1 ~ 10 d之间发生污染物积累。很明显,这些堆积曲线通常可以根据土地用途进行分类。前干日(ADD)是开发污染物积累函数的一个合适而合理的变量。不同土地利用方式的污染物积累曲线表明,污染物积累曲线可以根据土地利用方式进行总体分类。
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引用次数: 3
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Membrane Water Treatment
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