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2011 Seventh International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grids最新文献

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The Method of Medical Named Entity Recognition Based on Semantic Model and Improved SVM-KNN Algorithm 基于语义模型和改进SVM-KNN算法的医学命名实体识别方法
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.24
Xia Han, Ruonan Rao
In the medical field, a lot of unstructured information which is expressed by natural language exists in medical literature, technical documentation and medical records. IE (Information Extraction) as one of the most important research directions in natural language process aims to help humans extract concerned information automatically. NER (Named Entity Recognition) is one of the subsystems of IE and has direct influence on the quality of IE. Nowadays NER of medical field has not reached ideal precision largely due to the knowledge complexity in medical field. It is hard to describe the medical entity definitely in feature selection and current selected features are not rich and lack of semantic information. Besides that, different medical entities which have the similar characters more easily cause classification algorithm making wrong judgment. Combination multi classification algorithms such as SVM-KNN can overcome its own disadvantages and get higher performance. But current SVM-KNN classification algorithm may provide wrong categories results due to setting inappropriate K value and unbalanced examples distribution. In this paper, we introduce two-level modelling tool to help specialists to build semantic models and select features from them. We design and implement medical named entity recognition analysis engine based on UIMA framework and adopt improved SVM-KNN algorithm called EK-SVM-KNN (Extending K SVM-KNN) in classification. We collect experiment data from SLE(Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) clinical information system in Renji Hospital. We adopt 50 Pathology reports as training data and provide 1000 Pathology as test data. Experiment shows medical NER based on semantic model and improved SVM-KNN algorithm can enhance the quality of NER and we get the precision, recall rate and F value up to 86%.
在医学领域,医学文献、技术文档和病历中存在大量以自然语言表达的非结构化信息。信息抽取(Information Extraction, IE)是自然语言处理中最重要的研究方向之一,旨在帮助人类自动抽取相关信息。命名实体识别(NER, Named Entity Recognition)是IE的一个子系统,直接影响到IE的质量。由于医学领域知识的复杂性,目前医学领域的NER并没有达到理想的精度。在特征选择上难以对医疗实体进行明确的描述,目前所选择的特征语义信息不够丰富和缺乏。此外,具有相似特征的不同医疗实体更容易导致分类算法做出错误判断。SVM-KNN等组合多分类算法可以克服自身的缺点,获得更高的性能。但是目前的SVM-KNN分类算法由于K值设置不合适,样本分布不平衡,可能会给出错误的分类结果。在本文中,我们引入了两级建模工具,以帮助专家建立语义模型并从中选择特征。我们设计并实现了基于UIMA框架的医学命名实体识别分析引擎,并在分类中采用改进的SVM-KNN算法EK-SVM-KNN (extended K SVM-KNN)。实验数据来源于仁济医院系统性红斑狼疮临床信息系统。我们采用50份病理学报告作为培训数据,提供1000份病理学作为测试数据。实验表明,基于语义模型的医学NER和改进的SVM-KNN算法可以提高NER的质量,准确率、召回率和F值均达到86%。
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引用次数: 21
A Hybrid Join Algorithm on Top of Map Reduce 基于Map Reduce的混合连接算法
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.13
Weisong Hu, Lili Ma, Xiaowei Liu, Hongwei Qi, L. Zha, Huaming Liao, Yuezhuo Zhang
Hadoop has shown great power in processing vast data in parallel. Hive, the database on Hadoop, enables more experts to process relational data by providing sql-like interface. However, Hive does not provide an efficient approach for join, a common but expensive operator in relational database. Due to the importance of join, this paper proposes a novel hybrid algorithm, HJA, which can help to automatically choose the relatively better one among several methods, divide and memory copy merge, Partition Join(PJ) and naïve Hive join. Experiments show that HJA can get best performance in most situations.
Hadoop在并行处理大量数据方面显示出了强大的能力。Hadoop上的数据库Hive通过提供类似sql的接口,使更多的专家能够处理关系数据。然而,Hive并没有提供一种高效的join方法,join是关系数据库中常见但代价昂贵的操作。鉴于连接的重要性,本文提出了一种新的混合算法HJA,该算法可以自动从几种方法中选择相对较好的方法,包括分割和内存复制合并、分区连接(PJ)和naïve Hive连接。实验表明,HJA在大多数情况下都能获得最佳性能。
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引用次数: 2
Empirical Study of Chinese Text Similarity Computation Based on Machine Translation 基于机器翻译的中文文本相似度计算实证研究
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.19
Yu Xu, Jianxun Liu, Mingdong Tang, Yiping Wen
For the problems of Chinese text similarity calculation based on word frequency statistics, this paper proposed a method by using machine translation to translate Chinese text into English text, indirectly calculate similarity of given texts. This method can avoid some shortcomings of Chinese word segmentation and utilize the advantages of the natural word segmentation of English, and also can use machine translation to indirectly take the semantics of part of words into account. The experiments compared it with the way of directly using Chinese, and a detailed analysis was performed. Experiments show that this method can improve most of social texts' similarity computation as well as increase the accuracy of the computation as a whole.
针对基于词频统计的中文文本相似度计算问题,本文提出了一种利用机器翻译将中文文本翻译成英文文本,间接计算给定文本相似度的方法。这种方法可以避免汉语分词的一些缺点,利用英语自然分词的优点,也可以利用机器翻译间接考虑部分词的语义。实验将其与直接使用中文的方式进行了比较,并进行了详细的分析。实验表明,该方法可以改善大多数社会文本的相似度计算,并从整体上提高了计算的准确性。
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引用次数: 1
Quality-Driven Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Service Intelligence Computation 面向服务智能计算的质量驱动层次聚类算法
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.49
Y. Zhao, Chi-Hung Chi, Chen Ding
Clustering is an important technique for intelligence computation such as trust, recommendation, reputation, and requirement elicitation. With the user centric nature of service and the user's lack of prior knowledge on the distribution of the raw data, one challenge is on how to associate user quality requirements on the clustering results with the algorithmic output properties (e.g. number of clusters to be targeted). In this paper, we focus on the hierarchical clustering process and propose two quality-driven hierarchical clustering algorithms, HBH (homogeneity-based hierarchical) and HDH (homogeneity-driven hierarchical) clustering algorithms, with minimum acceptable homogeneity and relative population for each cluster output as their input criteria. Furthermore, we also give a HDH-approximation algorithm in order to address the time performance issue. Experimental study on data sets with different density distribution and dispersion levels shows that the HDH gives the best quality result and HDH-approximation can significantly improve the execution time.
聚类是一种重要的智能计算技术,如信任、推荐、声誉和需求提取。由于服务以用户为中心,用户缺乏对原始数据分布的先验知识,因此如何将用户对聚类结果的质量要求与算法输出属性(例如目标聚类的数量)联系起来是一个挑战。本文重点研究了层次聚类过程,提出了两种质量驱动的层次聚类算法,即HBH (homohomogeneous -based hierarchical)和HDH (homohomogeneous -driven hierarchical)聚类算法,以最小可接受的均匀性和每个聚类输出的相对人口作为输入标准。此外,为了解决时间性能问题,我们还给出了一种hdh近似算法。在不同密度分布和离散程度的数据集上进行的实验研究表明,HDH算法能给出最好的质量结果,并且HDH近似能显著提高执行时间。
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引用次数: 0
Integrate Fuzzy Logic into SLN 将模糊逻辑集成到SLN中
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.15
Ke Ren, Zhixing Huang, Anping Zhao, Yuhui Qiu
SLN is a loosely coupled semantic data model assigned for the network resource management. Integrating fuzzy logic into SLN can be used to handle the ambiguity, uncertainty and imprecision. This paper proposes a novel data model of fuzzy semantic link network, and provides membership functions used to define the fuzzy semantic association degree between the semantic nodes. Its nodes can be any type of resources, and its edges can be any kind of semantic relations, the potential of fuzzy compound semantic links can be got from fuzzy reasoning rules which based on fuzzy semantic relations.
SLN是为网络资源管理而分配的松耦合语义数据模型。将模糊逻辑集成到语言网络中,可以有效地处理模糊性、不确定性和不精确性。本文提出了一种新的模糊语义链路网络数据模型,并提供了用于定义语义节点间模糊语义关联度的隶属函数。它的节点可以是任意类型的资源,它的边可以是任意类型的语义关系,基于模糊语义关系的模糊推理规则可以得到模糊复合语义链接的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Computer Description of Old Chinese Phonological System Based on Graph Theory 基于图论的古汉语语音系统计算机描述
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.8
Jiajia Hu, Ning Wang
This paper, based on the theories and fruits of Old Chinese Phonology, uses the graph model in mathematics as the method to describe the initial-rhyme relationships of Old Chinese, and the Euclidean distance on 2-dimensional plane to represent the distance between sounds in the phonological harmony. Although the model is still in its infancy and there is still a lot of room for refinement and development by experts on Old Chinese phonology, it provides a more intuitive method of quantitative analysis for the long established qualitative study of Old Chinese phonology which would have some very practical uses in this field, such as the research of Xiesheng system of Chinese characters, or the the research of Chinese Etymology.
本文以古汉语音韵学的理论和成果为基础,利用数学中的图形模型作为描述古汉语声母关系的方法,并利用二维平面上的欧几里得距离来表示语音谐和中的音间距离。虽然这个模型还处于初级阶段,古汉语音系研究专家还有很大的改进和发展空间,但它为长期建立的古汉语音系定性研究提供了一种更直观的定量分析方法,在这一领域有一些非常实际的用途,如汉字的协声系统研究,或汉语词源学的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Policy-Based SLA-Aware Cloud Service Provision Framework 基于策略的sla感知云服务提供框架
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.10
Zhilin Wang, Xinhuai Tang, Xiangfeng Luo
Cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm, which is the long-held dream of computing as utility, customer get it on an on-demand model. When discuss about performance requirement and QoS (Quality of Service) of service, it is hard to tackle these problem in a round consideration. In this work we propose an SLA-aware (Service Level Agreement aware) framework ¨C cloud service provider (CSP) for cloud service (cloud infrastructure) delivery, and making allowance for the benefit of stakeholder of cloud service provider and service consumer. By using our proposed system and hierarchy SLA monitoring model we reached our win-win objective which is maximum revenue of cloud provider and minimum SLA violation.
云计算已经作为一种新的范例出现,这是长期以来的梦想,即计算作为一种实用工具,客户可以按需获得它。在讨论服务的性能要求和服务质量时,很难全面地考虑这些问题。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个sla感知(服务水平协议感知)框架——用于云服务(云基础设施)交付的云服务提供商(CSP),并考虑到云服务提供商和服务消费者的利益相关者的利益。采用我们提出的系统分层SLA监控模型,实现了云提供商收益最大化和SLA违规最小化的双赢目标。
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引用次数: 9
Towards an IDM Approach of Transforming Web Services into ACME Providing Quality of Service 一种将Web服务转换为提供服务质量的ACME的IDM方法
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.38
Amel Mhamdi, Raoudha Maraoui, Mohamed Graiet, Mourad Kmimech, Mohamed Tahar Bhiri, Eric Cariou
In this paper, the work developed aims at contributing to the research related to the Quality of Service (QoS) for Web services. We started this research by providing a comprehensive review and description of the QoS specifications that comprise some already existing factors contributing to the QoS and some newly proposed ones. These include the availability, accessibility, reliability, integrity, the response time of the service, security, performance, etc. Hence, the aim of this research is two folds, first, it helps the designers and developers to provide better web services and second, and it helps ensure consistent software architecture as a reference model for many applications. To achieve this, we model, first, the meta-QoS model of the Web services. Then, we formalize the QoS of the Web services by referring to ARMANI which provides a language of predicates that is powerful enough to reconcile any mismatches and, thus, provide a reliable composition of the Web services. We also, handle the mediation of the composite Web services with the ACME using an automatic MDE approach and implementing a tool for this aim: Web services compositions are transformed onto ACME specifications. We are the, able to check the composition of the Web services through the ACME verification tools.
在本文中,所开展的工作旨在促进与Web服务的服务质量(QoS)相关的研究。我们通过提供对QoS规范的全面回顾和描述开始了这项研究,这些规范包括一些已经存在的对QoS有贡献的因素和一些新提出的因素。这些包括可用性、可访问性、可靠性、完整性、服务的响应时间、安全性、性能等。因此,本研究的目的是双重的,第一,它帮助设计人员和开发人员提供更好的web服务,第二,它帮助确保一致的软件架构作为许多应用程序的参考模型。为此,我们首先对Web服务的元qos模型进行建模。然后,我们通过引用ARMANI来形式化Web服务的QoS, ARMANI提供了一种足够强大的谓词语言,可以调和任何不匹配,从而提供可靠的Web服务组合。我们还使用自动MDE方法处理ACME组合Web服务的中介,并为此实现一个工具:将Web服务组合转换为ACME规范。我们可以通过ACME验证工具检查Web服务的组合。
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引用次数: 1
Rethinking Software Testing Based on Software Architecture 基于软件体系结构的软件测试再思考
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.32
Juan Jin, Fei Xue
Software architectural design is of vital importance to software system, which not only embodies in software development, but also effectively guides software testing. However, a wide gap exists between the technologies for software testing and the scientific foundations on which this technology based on software architecture relies. While software architecture has raised many challenging questions for testing, relatively little work has been done to address how software architecture should be tested. Therefore, this paper quickly outline a skeleton for re-thinking the models that have shaped the software testing in the last decades, and make some speculations, in particular for what concerns the architecture-based testing stages.
软件体系结构设计是软件系统的重要组成部分,它不仅体现在软件开发中,而且有效地指导着软件测试。然而,软件测试技术与基于软件体系结构的软件测试技术所依赖的科学基础之间存在着很大的差距。虽然软件体系结构为测试提出了许多具有挑战性的问题,但是在解决如何测试软件体系结构方面所做的工作相对较少。因此,本文快速地勾勒出一个框架,用于重新思考在过去几十年中塑造了软件测试的模型,并做出一些推测,特别是关于基于体系结构的测试阶段。
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引用次数: 4
Social Creativity: Exploiting the Power of Cultures of Participation 社会创造力:开发参与文化的力量
Pub Date : 2011-10-24 DOI: 10.1109/SKG.2011.47
G. Fischer
Most interesting, important, and pressing problems facing our societies in the 21st century transcend the individual human mind. They require social creativity to explore, frame, solve, and assess their solutions. To bring social creativity alive, cultures of participation need to be fostered and supported with socio-technical environments in which all stakeholders are able to express themselves, combine different perspectives, and generate new understandings. Social creativity and cultures of participation are facilitated by meta-design that allows stakeholders to act as designers, contributors, and decision makers in personally meaningful activities. This paper defines conceptual frameworks and briefly describes different applications contexts in gaining a deeper understanding of the challenges how to exploit the power of cultures of participation to enhance social creativity.
21世纪我们的社会所面临的最有趣、最重要和最紧迫的问题超越了个人的思维。他们需要社会创造力来探索、构建、解决和评估他们的解决方案。为了激发社会创造力,需要通过社会技术环境来培养和支持参与文化,在这种环境中,所有利益相关者都能够表达自己,结合不同的观点,并产生新的理解。元设计促进了社会创造力和参与文化,允许利益相关者在个人有意义的活动中扮演设计师、贡献者和决策者的角色。本文定义了概念框架,并简要描述了不同的应用背景,以便更深入地了解如何利用参与文化的力量来增强社会创造力。
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引用次数: 27
期刊
2011 Seventh International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grids
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