Rhododendron is a traditional ornamental and medicinal plant in China, renowned for its aesthetic appeal and therapeutic properties. Regarding Rhododendron decorum Franch., mainly distributed in Yunnan Province, its corolla is regarded as an edible food by the Bai ethnic group in Yunnan Province. However, it is still unclear why the Bai people choose to use the Rhododendron species in their seasonal diet. Here, we employed comparative metabolomics analysis to explore the variations in the metabolites and the enriched biosynthesis pathways within the different floral organs of R. decorum Franch. from Heqing and Yulong County. The metabolite analysis showed that 1340 metabolites were identified from the floral organs in the two regions. Comparing the different flower organs of the same region, 85 differential accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were found from the androecium/gynoecium and corolla in the same region, and 66 DAMs were identified from the same organ in different regions. The KEGG pathway and network analysis revealed significant disparities in both the metabolite composition and enriched pathways among the different floral organs or when comparing the same floral organs across diverse regions, with geographical variations exerting even stronger influences. From the perspective of resource utilization, it was observed that the R. decorum Franch. populations in Heqing County exhibited the greater accumulation of secondary metabolites within their flowers, rendering them more advantageous for medicinal purposes, albeit potentially more toxic. This study provides novel insights into the utilization of corollaries for potential de novo pharmacy development.
{"title":"Drug or Toxic? A Brief Understanding of the Edible Corolla of Rhododendron decorum Franch. by Bai Nationality with Comparative Metabolomics Analysis","authors":"Weiwei Liu, Ling Wang, Chenghua Yu, Zhongyu Fan, Kaiye Yang, Xinchun Mo","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090484","url":null,"abstract":"Rhododendron is a traditional ornamental and medicinal plant in China, renowned for its aesthetic appeal and therapeutic properties. Regarding Rhododendron decorum Franch., mainly distributed in Yunnan Province, its corolla is regarded as an edible food by the Bai ethnic group in Yunnan Province. However, it is still unclear why the Bai people choose to use the Rhododendron species in their seasonal diet. Here, we employed comparative metabolomics analysis to explore the variations in the metabolites and the enriched biosynthesis pathways within the different floral organs of R. decorum Franch. from Heqing and Yulong County. The metabolite analysis showed that 1340 metabolites were identified from the floral organs in the two regions. Comparing the different flower organs of the same region, 85 differential accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were found from the androecium/gynoecium and corolla in the same region, and 66 DAMs were identified from the same organ in different regions. The KEGG pathway and network analysis revealed significant disparities in both the metabolite composition and enriched pathways among the different floral organs or when comparing the same floral organs across diverse regions, with geographical variations exerting even stronger influences. From the perspective of resource utilization, it was observed that the R. decorum Franch. populations in Heqing County exhibited the greater accumulation of secondary metabolites within their flowers, rendering them more advantageous for medicinal purposes, albeit potentially more toxic. This study provides novel insights into the utilization of corollaries for potential de novo pharmacy development.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Na Chen, Jizhou Fan, Gang Li, Xuanxuan Guo, Xiao Meng, Yuqing Wang, Yingying Duan, Wanyue Ding, Kai Liu, Yaowu Liu, Shihai Xing
Chrysanthemum morifolium is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Asteraceae family that is used as a medicine and food owing to its superior pharmacological properties. Irrespective of its application, C. morifolium must be dried before use. Shade drying (YG) and heat drying (HG) are the two drying methods used in most origins. Given the abundance of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, the primary medicinal active constituents of C. morifolium, it is important to determine whether the composition and content of these compounds are altered during the drying processes. To test this, the changes in the chemical composition of C. morifolium flowers after YG and HG using full-spectrum, non-targeted LC/GC–MS−based metabolomics and, subsequently, the three indicator components of C. morifolium—chlorogenic acid, 3,5−dicaffeoylquinic acid, and luteolin−7−O−glucoside—were accurately quantified by HPLC. The results of the non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that YG- and HG-processed C. morifolium differed significantly with respect to chemical contents, especially flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids. The levels of the indicator components and their precursors also differed significantly between the YG and HG treatments. The contents of most of the flavonoids and key phenolic acids, terpenoids, and carbohydrates were higher with YG than with HG pre-treatment. These results revealed the changes in the chemical composition of C. morifolium during the YG and HG processes, thus providing a reference for the further optimization of the production and processing of chrysanthemums.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Constituents of Chrysanthemum morifolium with Different Drying Processes Integrating LC/GC–MS−Based, Non-Targeted Metabolomics","authors":"Na Chen, Jizhou Fan, Gang Li, Xuanxuan Guo, Xiao Meng, Yuqing Wang, Yingying Duan, Wanyue Ding, Kai Liu, Yaowu Liu, Shihai Xing","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090481","url":null,"abstract":"Chrysanthemum morifolium is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Asteraceae family that is used as a medicine and food owing to its superior pharmacological properties. Irrespective of its application, C. morifolium must be dried before use. Shade drying (YG) and heat drying (HG) are the two drying methods used in most origins. Given the abundance of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, the primary medicinal active constituents of C. morifolium, it is important to determine whether the composition and content of these compounds are altered during the drying processes. To test this, the changes in the chemical composition of C. morifolium flowers after YG and HG using full-spectrum, non-targeted LC/GC–MS−based metabolomics and, subsequently, the three indicator components of C. morifolium—chlorogenic acid, 3,5−dicaffeoylquinic acid, and luteolin−7−O−glucoside—were accurately quantified by HPLC. The results of the non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that YG- and HG-processed C. morifolium differed significantly with respect to chemical contents, especially flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids. The levels of the indicator components and their precursors also differed significantly between the YG and HG treatments. The contents of most of the flavonoids and key phenolic acids, terpenoids, and carbohydrates were higher with YG than with HG pre-treatment. These results revealed the changes in the chemical composition of C. morifolium during the YG and HG processes, thus providing a reference for the further optimization of the production and processing of chrysanthemums.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zihan Zhu, Yaqi Zhang, Lei Wang, Haoyuan Geng, Min Li, Shiping Chen, Xiao Wang, Panpan Chen, Chenglong Sun, Chao Zhang
Curcumin is widely recognized for its diverse antitumor properties, ranging from breast cancer to many other types of cancers. However, its role in the tumor microenvironment remains to be elucidated. In this study, we established a 3D tumor spheroids model that can simulate the growth environment of tumor cells and visualized the antitumor metabolic alteration caused by curcumin using mass spectrometry imaging technology. Our results showed that curcumin not only exerts a profound impact on the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells but in situ multivariate statistical analysis also reveals the significant effect on the overall metabolic profile of tumor spheroids. Meanwhile, our visualization map characterized curcumin metabolic processes of reduction and glucuronidation in tumor spheroids. More importantly, abnormal metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism and polyamine metabolism were also remodeled at the metabolite and gene levels after curcumin intervention. These insights deepen our comprehension of the regulatory mechanism of curcumin on the tumor metabolic network, furnishing powerful references for antitumor treatment.
{"title":"Spatial Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Curcumin Induces Metabolic Reprogramming in Three-Dimensional Tumor Spheroids","authors":"Zihan Zhu, Yaqi Zhang, Lei Wang, Haoyuan Geng, Min Li, Shiping Chen, Xiao Wang, Panpan Chen, Chenglong Sun, Chao Zhang","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090482","url":null,"abstract":"Curcumin is widely recognized for its diverse antitumor properties, ranging from breast cancer to many other types of cancers. However, its role in the tumor microenvironment remains to be elucidated. In this study, we established a 3D tumor spheroids model that can simulate the growth environment of tumor cells and visualized the antitumor metabolic alteration caused by curcumin using mass spectrometry imaging technology. Our results showed that curcumin not only exerts a profound impact on the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells but in situ multivariate statistical analysis also reveals the significant effect on the overall metabolic profile of tumor spheroids. Meanwhile, our visualization map characterized curcumin metabolic processes of reduction and glucuronidation in tumor spheroids. More importantly, abnormal metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism and polyamine metabolism were also remodeled at the metabolite and gene levels after curcumin intervention. These insights deepen our comprehension of the regulatory mechanism of curcumin on the tumor metabolic network, furnishing powerful references for antitumor treatment.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite its benefits, including improved glycemic control and weight loss, the common metabolic changes induced by liraglutide and correlations between those in rodents and humans remain unknown. Here, we used advanced machine learning techniques to analyze the plasma metabolomic data in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and patients with T2DM treated with liraglutide. Among the machine learning models, Support Vector Machine was the most suitable for DIO mice, and Gradient Boosting was the most suitable for patients with T2DM. Through the cross-evaluation of machine learning models, we found that liraglutide promotes metabolic shifts and interspecies correlations in these shifts between DIO mice and patients with T2DM. Our comparative analysis helped identify metabolic correlations influenced by liraglutide between humans and rodents and may guide future therapeutic strategies for T2DM and obesity.
{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Plasma Metabolomics in Liraglutide-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Diet-Induced Obese Mice","authors":"Seokjae Park, Eun-Kyoung Kim","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090483","url":null,"abstract":"Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite its benefits, including improved glycemic control and weight loss, the common metabolic changes induced by liraglutide and correlations between those in rodents and humans remain unknown. Here, we used advanced machine learning techniques to analyze the plasma metabolomic data in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and patients with T2DM treated with liraglutide. Among the machine learning models, Support Vector Machine was the most suitable for DIO mice, and Gradient Boosting was the most suitable for patients with T2DM. Through the cross-evaluation of machine learning models, we found that liraglutide promotes metabolic shifts and interspecies correlations in these shifts between DIO mice and patients with T2DM. Our comparative analysis helped identify metabolic correlations influenced by liraglutide between humans and rodents and may guide future therapeutic strategies for T2DM and obesity.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingyi Huang, Ming Liu, Hongwei Zhang, Guang Sun, Andrew Furey, Proton Rahman, Guangju Zhai
(1) Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disorder, and subgroup classification of OA remains elusive. The aim of our study was to identify endotypes of hip OA and investigate the altered pathways in the different endotypes. (2) Methods: Metabolomic profiling and genome-wide genotyping were performed on fasting blood. Transcriptomic profiling was performed on RNA extracted from cartilage samples. Machine learning methods were used to identify endotypes of hip OA. Pathway analysis was used to identify the altered pathways between hip endotypes and controls. GWAS was performed on each of the identified metabolites. Transcriptomic data was used to examine the expression levels of identified genes in cartilage. (3) Results: 180 hip OA patients and 120 OA-free controls were classified into three clusters based on metabolomic data. The combination of arginine, ornithine, and the average value of 7 lysophosphatidylcholines had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96–0.99) to discriminate hip OA from controls, and the combination of γ-aminobutyric acid, spermine, aconitic acid, and succinic acid had an AUC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.99) to distinguish two hip OA endotypes. GWAS identified 236 SNPs to be associated with identified metabolites at GWAS significance level. Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly different between two endotypes (all p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Hip OA could be classified into two distinct molecular endotypes. The primary differences between the two endotypes involve changes in pro-inflammatory factors and energy metabolism.
(1) 背景：骨关节炎（OA）是一种异质性疾病，OA的亚组分类仍然难以确定。我们的研究旨在确定髋关节 OA 的内型，并调查不同内型的改变途径。(2）方法：对空腹血液进行代谢组分析和全基因组基因分型。对从软骨样本中提取的 RNA 进行转录组分析。使用机器学习方法确定髋关节 OA 的内型。通路分析用于确定髋关节内型与对照组之间发生改变的通路。对每种已确定的代谢物进行 GWAS 分析。转录组数据用于检测软骨中已识别基因的表达水平。(3）结果：根据代谢组学数据，180 例髋关节 OA 患者和 120 例无 OA 对照组被分为三组。精氨酸、鸟氨酸和7种溶血磷脂酰胆碱平均值的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.97（95% CI：0.96-0.99），可区分髋关节OA和对照组；γ-氨基丁酸、精胺、乌头酸和琥珀酸的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.96（95% CI：0.94-0.99），可区分两种髋关节OA内型。GWAS鉴定出236个SNPs与鉴定出的代谢物相关，达到GWAS显著性水平。两种内型之间的促炎细胞因子水平存在显著差异（所有 p < 0.05）。(4）结论：髋关节 OA 可分为两种不同的分子内型。两种内型之间的主要差异涉及促炎因子和能量代谢的变化。
{"title":"Multi-Omics Integrative Analyses Identified Two Endotypes of Hip Osteoarthritis","authors":"Jingyi Huang, Ming Liu, Hongwei Zhang, Guang Sun, Andrew Furey, Proton Rahman, Guangju Zhai","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090480","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disorder, and subgroup classification of OA remains elusive. The aim of our study was to identify endotypes of hip OA and investigate the altered pathways in the different endotypes. (2) Methods: Metabolomic profiling and genome-wide genotyping were performed on fasting blood. Transcriptomic profiling was performed on RNA extracted from cartilage samples. Machine learning methods were used to identify endotypes of hip OA. Pathway analysis was used to identify the altered pathways between hip endotypes and controls. GWAS was performed on each of the identified metabolites. Transcriptomic data was used to examine the expression levels of identified genes in cartilage. (3) Results: 180 hip OA patients and 120 OA-free controls were classified into three clusters based on metabolomic data. The combination of arginine, ornithine, and the average value of 7 lysophosphatidylcholines had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96–0.99) to discriminate hip OA from controls, and the combination of γ-aminobutyric acid, spermine, aconitic acid, and succinic acid had an AUC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.99) to distinguish two hip OA endotypes. GWAS identified 236 SNPs to be associated with identified metabolites at GWAS significance level. Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly different between two endotypes (all p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Hip OA could be classified into two distinct molecular endotypes. The primary differences between the two endotypes involve changes in pro-inflammatory factors and energy metabolism.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffrey S. Patterson, Brinda K. Rana, Haiwei Gu, Dorothy D. Sears
Older adults sit during most hours of the day; more than 30% are considered physically inactive. The accumulation of prolonged sitting time is an exercise-independent risk factor for aging-related conditions such as cardiometabolic disease and cancer. Archival plasma samples from a randomized controlled, four-condition crossover study conducted in 10 postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity were analyzed. During 5-hour conditions completed on separate days, the trial tested three interruption modalities: two-minute stands each 20 min (STS), hourly ten-minute standing breaks (Stand), hourly two-minute walks (Walk), and a controlled sit. Fasting baseline and 5-hour end point (2 h postprandial) samples were used for targeted metabolomic profiling. Condition-associated metabolome changes were compared using paired t-tests. STS eliminated the postprandial elevation of amino acid metabolites that was observed in the control. A norvaline derivative shown to have anti-hypertensive and -hyperglycemic effects was significantly increased during Stand and STS. Post-hoc testing identified 19 significantly different metabolites across the interventions. Tight metabolite clustering by condition was driven by amino acid, vasoactive, and sugar metabolites, as demonstrated by partial least squares-discriminant analyses. This exploratory study suggests that brief, low-intensity modalities of interrupting prolonged sitting can acutely elucidate beneficial cardiometabolic changes in postmenopausal women with cardiometabolic risk.
{"title":"Sitting Interruption Modalities during Prolonged Sitting Acutely Improve Postprandial Metabolome in a Crossover Pilot Trial among Postmenopausal Women","authors":"Jeffrey S. Patterson, Brinda K. Rana, Haiwei Gu, Dorothy D. Sears","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090478","url":null,"abstract":"Older adults sit during most hours of the day; more than 30% are considered physically inactive. The accumulation of prolonged sitting time is an exercise-independent risk factor for aging-related conditions such as cardiometabolic disease and cancer. Archival plasma samples from a randomized controlled, four-condition crossover study conducted in 10 postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity were analyzed. During 5-hour conditions completed on separate days, the trial tested three interruption modalities: two-minute stands each 20 min (STS), hourly ten-minute standing breaks (Stand), hourly two-minute walks (Walk), and a controlled sit. Fasting baseline and 5-hour end point (2 h postprandial) samples were used for targeted metabolomic profiling. Condition-associated metabolome changes were compared using paired t-tests. STS eliminated the postprandial elevation of amino acid metabolites that was observed in the control. A norvaline derivative shown to have anti-hypertensive and -hyperglycemic effects was significantly increased during Stand and STS. Post-hoc testing identified 19 significantly different metabolites across the interventions. Tight metabolite clustering by condition was driven by amino acid, vasoactive, and sugar metabolites, as demonstrated by partial least squares-discriminant analyses. This exploratory study suggests that brief, low-intensity modalities of interrupting prolonged sitting can acutely elucidate beneficial cardiometabolic changes in postmenopausal women with cardiometabolic risk.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorine C. van der Weerd, Annemiek M. J. van Wegberg, Theo S. Boer, Udo F. H. Engelke, Karlien L. M. Coene, Ron A. Wevers, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Pim de Blaauw, Joost Groen, Francjan J. van Spronsen, M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
Background: Data suggest that metabolites, other than blood phenylalanine (Phe), better and independently predict clinical outcomes in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). Methods: To find new biomarkers, we compared the results of untargeted lipidomics and metabolomics in treated adult PKU patients to those of matched controls. Samples (lipidomics in EDTA-plasma (22 PKU and 22 controls) and metabolomics in serum (35 PKU and 20 controls)) were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Data were subjected to multivariate (PCA, OPLS-DA) and univariate (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.05) analyses. Results: Levels of 33 (of 20,443) lipid features and 56 (of 5885) metabolite features differed statistically between PKU patients and controls. For lipidomics, findings include higher glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids species. Significantly lower values were found for sterols and glycerophospholipids species. Seven features had unknown identities. Total triglyceride content was higher. Higher Phe and Phe catabolites, tryptophan derivatives, pantothenic acid, and dipeptides were observed for metabolomics. Ornithine levels were lower. Twenty-six metabolite features were not annotated. Conclusions: This study provides insight into the metabolic phenotype of PKU patients. Additional studies are required to establish whether the observed changes result from PKU itself, diet, and/or an unknown reason.
{"title":"Impact of Phenylketonuria on the Serum Metabolome and Plasma Lipidome: A Study in Early-Treated Patients","authors":"Jorine C. van der Weerd, Annemiek M. J. van Wegberg, Theo S. Boer, Udo F. H. Engelke, Karlien L. M. Coene, Ron A. Wevers, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Pim de Blaauw, Joost Groen, Francjan J. van Spronsen, M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090479","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Data suggest that metabolites, other than blood phenylalanine (Phe), better and independently predict clinical outcomes in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). Methods: To find new biomarkers, we compared the results of untargeted lipidomics and metabolomics in treated adult PKU patients to those of matched controls. Samples (lipidomics in EDTA-plasma (22 PKU and 22 controls) and metabolomics in serum (35 PKU and 20 controls)) were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Data were subjected to multivariate (PCA, OPLS-DA) and univariate (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.05) analyses. Results: Levels of 33 (of 20,443) lipid features and 56 (of 5885) metabolite features differed statistically between PKU patients and controls. For lipidomics, findings include higher glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids species. Significantly lower values were found for sterols and glycerophospholipids species. Seven features had unknown identities. Total triglyceride content was higher. Higher Phe and Phe catabolites, tryptophan derivatives, pantothenic acid, and dipeptides were observed for metabolomics. Ornithine levels were lower. Twenty-six metabolite features were not annotated. Conclusions: This study provides insight into the metabolic phenotype of PKU patients. Additional studies are required to establish whether the observed changes result from PKU itself, diet, and/or an unknown reason.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emad Ali Albadawi, Naweed SyedKhaleel Alzaman, Yasir Hassan Elhassan, Heba M. Eltahir, Mekky M. Abouzied, Muayad Saud Albadrani
The increasing incidence of hypospadias and cryptorchidism, coupled with the widespread presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has raised concerns about the potential impact of these environmental factors on male urogenital development. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between maternal exposure to various EDCs and the risk of hypospadias and cryptorchidism. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception until May 2024. We included case-control and cohort studies that examined the association between maternal EDC exposure and hypospadias or cryptorchidism, reporting adjusted odds ratios (aOR) or crude odds ratios (cOR). Data were extracted and pooled using a random effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the Q test and I-square statistics. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). A total of 48 studies were included in the systematic review, with 46 studies included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed a significant association between maternal EDC exposure and an increased risk of hypospadias (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.18–1.35, p < 0.0001) and cryptorchidism (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.19–1.57, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that exposure to pesticides, phthalates, alkyl phenolic compounds (ALKs), and heavy metals significantly increased the risk of hypospadias. In contrast, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) did not show a significant association. Significant associations were found with pesticide and PCB exposure for cryptorchidism, but not with phthalate, ALK, or heavy metal exposure. Maternal exposure to certain EDCs is associated with an increased risk of hypospadias and cryptorchidism in male children. These findings underscore the importance of addressing environmental and occupational exposures during pregnancy to mitigate potential risks. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which EDCs affect urogenital development and to develop effective interventions to reduce exposure among vulnerable populations.
尿道下裂和隐睾症的发病率不断上升，再加上干扰内分泌的化学品（EDCs）的广泛存在，引起了人们对这些环境因素对男性泌尿生殖系统发育的潜在影响的关注。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估母体暴露于各种 EDCs 与尿道下裂和隐睾症风险之间的关联。我们对 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 数据库进行了全面检索，检索时间从开始到 2024 年 5 月。我们纳入了研究母体暴露于 EDC 与尿道下裂或隐睾症之间关系的病例对照和队列研究，并报告了调整后的几率比（aOR）或粗略几率比（cOR）。采用随机效应模型提取和汇总数据，并使用 Q 检验和 I 方统计量评估异质性。偏倚风险采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）进行评估。共有 48 项研究被纳入系统综述，46 项研究被纳入荟萃分析。汇总分析显示，母体接触 EDC 与尿道下裂（aOR = 1.26，95% CI：1.18-1.35，p < 0.0001）和隐睾（aOR = 1.37，95% CI：1.19-1.57，p < 0.001）风险增加之间存在显著关联。分组分析表明，接触杀虫剂、邻苯二甲酸盐、烷基酚化合物（ALKs）和重金属会显著增加尿道下裂的风险。与此相反，多氯联苯（PCBs）并未显示出明显的关联性。研究发现，隐睾症与农药和多氯联苯暴露有显著关联，但与邻苯二甲酸盐、ALK 或重金属暴露无显著关联。母亲暴露于某些 EDC 与男性尿道下裂和隐睾症的风险增加有关。这些发现强调了解决孕期环境和职业暴露问题以降低潜在风险的重要性。还需要进一步研究，以阐明 EDC 影响泌尿生殖系统发育的机制，并制定有效的干预措施，减少易感人群的接触。
{"title":"The Association between Maternal Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure during Pregnancy and the Incidence of Male Urogenital Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Emad Ali Albadawi, Naweed SyedKhaleel Alzaman, Yasir Hassan Elhassan, Heba M. Eltahir, Mekky M. Abouzied, Muayad Saud Albadrani","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090477","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing incidence of hypospadias and cryptorchidism, coupled with the widespread presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has raised concerns about the potential impact of these environmental factors on male urogenital development. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between maternal exposure to various EDCs and the risk of hypospadias and cryptorchidism. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception until May 2024. We included case-control and cohort studies that examined the association between maternal EDC exposure and hypospadias or cryptorchidism, reporting adjusted odds ratios (aOR) or crude odds ratios (cOR). Data were extracted and pooled using a random effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the Q test and I-square statistics. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). A total of 48 studies were included in the systematic review, with 46 studies included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed a significant association between maternal EDC exposure and an increased risk of hypospadias (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.18–1.35, p < 0.0001) and cryptorchidism (aOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.19–1.57, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that exposure to pesticides, phthalates, alkyl phenolic compounds (ALKs), and heavy metals significantly increased the risk of hypospadias. In contrast, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) did not show a significant association. Significant associations were found with pesticide and PCB exposure for cryptorchidism, but not with phthalate, ALK, or heavy metal exposure. Maternal exposure to certain EDCs is associated with an increased risk of hypospadias and cryptorchidism in male children. These findings underscore the importance of addressing environmental and occupational exposures during pregnancy to mitigate potential risks. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which EDCs affect urogenital development and to develop effective interventions to reduce exposure among vulnerable populations.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy Thachil, Li Wang, Rupasri Mandal, David Wishart, Tom Blydt-Hansen
Discrepant sample processing remains a significant challenge within blood metabolomics research, introducing non-biological variation into the measured metabolome and biasing downstream results. Inconsistency during the pre-analytical phase can influence experimental processes, producing metabolome measurements that are non-representative of in vivo composition. To minimize variation, there is a need to create and adhere to standardized pre-analytical protocols for blood samples intended for use in metabolomics analyses. This will allow for reliable and reproducible findings within blood metabolomics research. In this review article, we provide an overview of the existing literature pertaining to pre-analytical factors that influence blood metabolite measurements. Pre-analytical factors including blood tube selection, pre- and post-processing time and temperature conditions, centrifugation conditions, freeze–thaw cycles, and long-term storage conditions are specifically discussed, with recommendations provided for best practices at each stage.
{"title":"An Overview of Pre-Analytical Factors Impacting Metabolomics Analyses of Blood Samples","authors":"Amy Thachil, Li Wang, Rupasri Mandal, David Wishart, Tom Blydt-Hansen","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090474","url":null,"abstract":"Discrepant sample processing remains a significant challenge within blood metabolomics research, introducing non-biological variation into the measured metabolome and biasing downstream results. Inconsistency during the pre-analytical phase can influence experimental processes, producing metabolome measurements that are non-representative of in vivo composition. To minimize variation, there is a need to create and adhere to standardized pre-analytical protocols for blood samples intended for use in metabolomics analyses. This will allow for reliable and reproducible findings within blood metabolomics research. In this review article, we provide an overview of the existing literature pertaining to pre-analytical factors that influence blood metabolite measurements. Pre-analytical factors including blood tube selection, pre- and post-processing time and temperature conditions, centrifugation conditions, freeze–thaw cycles, and long-term storage conditions are specifically discussed, with recommendations provided for best practices at each stage.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claire Connolly, Mark Timlin, Sean A. Hogan, Tom F. O’Callaghan, André Brodkorb, Michael O’Donovan, Deirdre Hennessy, Ellen Fitzpatrick, Kieran McCarthy, John P. Murphy, Lorraine Brennan
A pasture or concentrate-based dietary regime impacts a variety of factors including both ruminal health and function, and consequently milk production and quality. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of feeding differing pasture levels on the metabolite composition of bovine ruminal fluid. Ruminal fluid was obtained from rumen-cannulated spring-calving cows (N = 9, Holstein-Friesian breed, average lactation number = 5) fed one of three diets across a full lactation season. Group 1 (pasture) consumed perennial ryegrass supplemented with 5% concentrates; group 2 received a total mixed ration (TMR) diet; and group 3 received a partial mixed ration (PMR) diet which included pasture and a TMR. Samples were taken at two timepoints: morning and evening. Metabolomic analysis was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes across the dietary regimes in both morning and evening samples, with distinct alterations in the metabolite composition of ruminal fluid from pasture-fed cows (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.05). Acetate and butyrate were significantly higher in samples derived from a pasture-based diet whereas sugar-related metabolites were higher in concentrate-based samples. Furthermore, a distinct diurnal impact on the metabolite profile was evident. This work lays the foundation for understanding the complex interaction between dietary regime and ruminal health.
{"title":"The Impact of Varying Pasture Levels on the Metabolomic Profile of Bovine Ruminal Fluid","authors":"Claire Connolly, Mark Timlin, Sean A. Hogan, Tom F. O’Callaghan, André Brodkorb, Michael O’Donovan, Deirdre Hennessy, Ellen Fitzpatrick, Kieran McCarthy, John P. Murphy, Lorraine Brennan","doi":"10.3390/metabo14090476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14090476","url":null,"abstract":"A pasture or concentrate-based dietary regime impacts a variety of factors including both ruminal health and function, and consequently milk production and quality. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of feeding differing pasture levels on the metabolite composition of bovine ruminal fluid. Ruminal fluid was obtained from rumen-cannulated spring-calving cows (N = 9, Holstein-Friesian breed, average lactation number = 5) fed one of three diets across a full lactation season. Group 1 (pasture) consumed perennial ryegrass supplemented with 5% concentrates; group 2 received a total mixed ration (TMR) diet; and group 3 received a partial mixed ration (PMR) diet which included pasture and a TMR. Samples were taken at two timepoints: morning and evening. Metabolomic analysis was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes across the dietary regimes in both morning and evening samples, with distinct alterations in the metabolite composition of ruminal fluid from pasture-fed cows (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.05). Acetate and butyrate were significantly higher in samples derived from a pasture-based diet whereas sugar-related metabolites were higher in concentrate-based samples. Furthermore, a distinct diurnal impact on the metabolite profile was evident. This work lays the foundation for understanding the complex interaction between dietary regime and ruminal health.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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