Anouar Mejait, Aurélie Fildier, Barbara Giroud, Gaëlle Daniele, Laure Wiest, Delphine Raviglione, Jules Kotarba, Eve Toulza, Triana Ramirez, Alexia Lanseman, Camille Clerissi, Emmanuelle Vulliet, Christophe Calvayrac, Marie-Virginie Salvia
The increasing use of chemicals requires a better understanding of their presence and dynamics in the environment, as well as their impact on ecosystems. The aim of this study was to validate the first steps of an innovative multi-omics approach based on metabolomics and 16S metabarcoding data for analyses of the fate and impact of contaminants in Mediterranean lagoons. Semi-targeted analytical procedures for water and sediment matrices were implemented to assess chemical contamination of the lagoon: forty-six compounds were detected, 28 of which could be quantified in water (between 0.09 and 47.4 ng/L) and sediment (between 0.008 and 26.3 ng/g) samples using the UHPLC-MS/MS instrument. In addition, a non-targeted approach (UHPLC-HRMS) using four different sample preparation protocols based on solid/liquid extractions or an automated pressurized fluid extraction system (EDGE®) was carried out to determine the protocol with the best metabolome coverage, efficiency and reproducibility. Solid/liquid extraction using the solvent mixture acetonitrile/methanol (50/50) was evaluated as the best protocol. Microbial diversity in lagoon sediment was also measured after DNA extraction using five commercial extraction kits. Our study showed that the DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Qiagen kit (Promega, USA) was the most suitable for assessing microbial diversity in fresh sediment.
随着化学品使用量的不断增加,需要更好地了解其在环境中的存在和动态,以及对生态系统的影响。本研究旨在验证基于代谢组学和 16S 代谢编码数据的创新多组学方法的第一步,以分析污染物在地中海泻湖中的归宿和影响。为评估泻湖的化学污染,对水和沉积物基质实施了半靶向分析程序:使用超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱仪检测了 46 种化合物,其中 28 种可在水样(0.09 至 47.4 纳克/升)和沉积物(0.008 至 26.3 纳克/克)中定量。此外,还采用了基于固/液萃取或自动加压流体萃取系统(EDGE®)的四种不同的样品制备方案(UHPLC-HRMS),以确定具有最佳代谢组覆盖率、效率和重现性的方案。使用乙腈/甲醇(50/50)混合溶剂进行固液萃取被评为最佳方案。使用五种商业提取试剂盒提取 DNA 后,还测量了泻湖沉积物中的微生物多样性。我们的研究表明,DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Qiagen 试剂盒(Promega,美国)最适合用于评估新鲜沉积物中的微生物多样性。
{"title":"Validation of the Chemical and Biological Steps Required Implementing an Advanced Multi-Omics Approach for Assessing the Fate and Impact of Contaminants in Lagoon Sediments.","authors":"Anouar Mejait, Aurélie Fildier, Barbara Giroud, Gaëlle Daniele, Laure Wiest, Delphine Raviglione, Jules Kotarba, Eve Toulza, Triana Ramirez, Alexia Lanseman, Camille Clerissi, Emmanuelle Vulliet, Christophe Calvayrac, Marie-Virginie Salvia","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080454","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing use of chemicals requires a better understanding of their presence and dynamics in the environment, as well as their impact on ecosystems. The aim of this study was to validate the first steps of an innovative multi-omics approach based on metabolomics and 16S metabarcoding data for analyses of the fate and impact of contaminants in Mediterranean lagoons. Semi-targeted analytical procedures for water and sediment matrices were implemented to assess chemical contamination of the lagoon: forty-six compounds were detected, 28 of which could be quantified in water (between 0.09 and 47.4 ng/L) and sediment (between 0.008 and 26.3 ng/g) samples using the UHPLC-MS/MS instrument. In addition, a non-targeted approach (UHPLC-HRMS) using four different sample preparation protocols based on solid/liquid extractions or an automated pressurized fluid extraction system (EDGE<sup>®</sup>) was carried out to determine the protocol with the best metabolome coverage, efficiency and reproducibility. Solid/liquid extraction using the solvent mixture acetonitrile/methanol (50/50) was evaluated as the best protocol. Microbial diversity in lagoon sediment was also measured after DNA extraction using five commercial extraction kits. Our study showed that the DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Qiagen kit (Promega, USA) was the most suitable for assessing microbial diversity in fresh sediment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aude Devalckeneer, Marion Bouviez, Amandine Gautier, Jean-Marie Colet
The decontamination of polluted soils is a major socioeconomic issue in many industrialized countries. In situ remediation approaches are nowadays preferred to ex situ techniques, but they require among others the use of bioindicators, which are sensitive to the progressive depollution on health effects. Animal species have been mainly used so far to monitor aquatic and air pollution. Current research focuses on the development of living indicators of soil pollution. In this study, the garden snail Helix aspersa maxima was acutely exposed to cadmium, one major soil contaminant causing severe health effects, including nephrotoxicity. Kidney and hemolymph were sampled and analyzed by a 1H-NMR-based metabonomic approach. Shortly after Cd exposure, numerous metabolic changes occurred in the hemolymph and kidney extracts. Altogether, they were indicative of a switch in energy sources from the Krebs cycle towards b-oxidation and the utilization of stored galactogen polysaccharides. Then, the activation of antioxidant defenses in the renal cells was suggested by the alteration in some precursors of glutathione synthesis, such as glutamate, and by the release of the antioxidant anserin. Cell membrane damage was evidenced by the increased levels of some osmolytes, betaine and putrescine, as well as by a membrane repair mechanism involving choline. Finally, the development of metabolic acidosis was suggested by the elevation in 3-HMG in the hemolymph, and the more pronounced lysine levels were consistent with acute excretion troubles. Cd-induced renal damage was objectified by the increased level of riboflavin, a recognized biomarker of nephrotoxicity.
在许多工业化国家,污染土壤的净化是一个重大的社会经济问题。如今,原地修复方法比异地技术更受青睐,但除其他外,这些方法需要使用生物指示剂,这些指示剂对逐步消除污染对健康的影响非常敏感。迄今为止,动物物种主要用于监测水生和空气污染。目前的研究重点是开发土壤污染的生物指标。在这项研究中,花园蜗牛 Helix aspersa maxima 急性暴露于镉,镉是一种对健康造成严重影响的主要土壤污染物,包括肾毒性。对肾脏和血淋巴进行了取样,并采用基于 1H-NMR 的代谢组学方法进行了分析。接触镉后不久,血淋巴和肾脏提取物发生了许多代谢变化。总之,这些变化表明能量来源从克雷布斯循环转向了b-氧化作用和对储存的半乳糖多糖的利用。随后,谷胱甘肽合成的一些前体物质(如谷氨酸)发生了变化,抗氧化剂anserin也被释放出来,这表明肾细胞的抗氧化防御功能被激活。一些渗透溶质、甜菜碱和腐胺的含量增加,以及涉及胆碱的膜修复机制证明了细胞膜损伤。最后,血淋巴中 3-HMG 的升高表明出现了代谢性酸中毒,而更明显的赖氨酸水平与急性排泄障碍相符。核黄素是公认的肾毒性生物标志物,镉诱发的肾损伤可通过核黄素水平的升高得到确定。
{"title":"Metabolomic Prediction of Cadmium Nephrotoxicity in the Snail <i>Helix aspersa maxima</i>.","authors":"Aude Devalckeneer, Marion Bouviez, Amandine Gautier, Jean-Marie Colet","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080455","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The decontamination of polluted soils is a major socioeconomic issue in many industrialized countries. In situ remediation approaches are nowadays preferred to ex situ techniques, but they require among others the use of bioindicators, which are sensitive to the progressive depollution on health effects. Animal species have been mainly used so far to monitor aquatic and air pollution. Current research focuses on the development of living indicators of soil pollution. In this study, the garden snail <i>Helix aspersa maxima</i> was acutely exposed to cadmium, one major soil contaminant causing severe health effects, including nephrotoxicity. Kidney and hemolymph were sampled and analyzed by a <sup>1</sup>H-NMR-based metabonomic approach. Shortly after Cd exposure, numerous metabolic changes occurred in the hemolymph and kidney extracts. Altogether, they were indicative of a switch in energy sources from the Krebs cycle towards b-oxidation and the utilization of stored galactogen polysaccharides. Then, the activation of antioxidant defenses in the renal cells was suggested by the alteration in some precursors of glutathione synthesis, such as glutamate, and by the release of the antioxidant anserin. Cell membrane damage was evidenced by the increased levels of some osmolytes, betaine and putrescine, as well as by a membrane repair mechanism involving choline. Finally, the development of metabolic acidosis was suggested by the elevation in 3-HMG in the hemolymph, and the more pronounced lysine levels were consistent with acute excretion troubles. Cd-induced renal damage was objectified by the increased level of riboflavin, a recognized biomarker of nephrotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baihan Zeng, Xile Peng, Li Chen, Jiao Liu, Lina Xia
As an unhealthy dietary habit, a high-salt diet can affect the body's endocrine system and metabolic processes. As one of the most important metabolites, bile acids can prevent atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to reveal the bile acid metabolism changes in salt-sensitive hypertension-induced vascular endothelial injury. The model was established using a high-salt diet, and the success of this procedure was confirmed by detecting the levels of the blood pressure, vascular regulatory factors, and inflammatory factors. An evaluation of the histological sections of arterial blood vessels and kidneys confirmed the pathological processes in these tissues of experimental rats. Bile acid metabolism analysis was performed to identify differential bile acids between the low-salt diet group and the high-salt diet group. The results indicated that the high-salt diet led to a significant increase in blood pressure and the levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The high-salt diet causes disorders in bile acid metabolism. The levels of four differential bile acids (glycocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and glycolithocholic acid) significantly increased in the high-salt group. Further correlation analysis indicated that the levels of ET-1 and TNF-α were positively correlated with these differential bile acid levels. This study provides new evidence for salt-sensitive cardiovascular diseases and metabolic changes caused by a high-salt diet in rats.
{"title":"Bile Acid Metabolism Analysis Provides Insights into Vascular Endothelial Injury in Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rats.","authors":"Baihan Zeng, Xile Peng, Li Chen, Jiao Liu, Lina Xia","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080452","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an unhealthy dietary habit, a high-salt diet can affect the body's endocrine system and metabolic processes. As one of the most important metabolites, bile acids can prevent atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to reveal the bile acid metabolism changes in salt-sensitive hypertension-induced vascular endothelial injury. The model was established using a high-salt diet, and the success of this procedure was confirmed by detecting the levels of the blood pressure, vascular regulatory factors, and inflammatory factors. An evaluation of the histological sections of arterial blood vessels and kidneys confirmed the pathological processes in these tissues of experimental rats. Bile acid metabolism analysis was performed to identify differential bile acids between the low-salt diet group and the high-salt diet group. The results indicated that the high-salt diet led to a significant increase in blood pressure and the levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The high-salt diet causes disorders in bile acid metabolism. The levels of four differential bile acids (glycocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and glycolithocholic acid) significantly increased in the high-salt group. Further correlation analysis indicated that the levels of ET-1 and TNF-α were positively correlated with these differential bile acid levels. This study provides new evidence for salt-sensitive cardiovascular diseases and metabolic changes caused by a high-salt diet in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Pasqualette, Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo, Liana Bastos Freitas-Fernandes, Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza, Luís Aureliano Imbiriba, Leandro Araujo Lobo, Eliane Volchan, Regina Maria Cavalcanti Pilotto Domingues, Ana Paula Valente, Karla Rodrigues Miranda
Accumulating evidence suggests that interactions between the brain and gut microbiota significantly impact brain function and mental health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether young, healthy adults without psychiatric diagnoses exhibit differences in metabolic stool and microbiota profiles based on depression/anxiety scores and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was used to identify fecal metabolic profiles. Results were subjected to multivariate analysis through principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and the metabolites were identified through VIP score. Metabolites separating asymptomatic and symptomatic groups were acetate, valine, and glutamate, followed by sugar regions, glutamine, acetone, valerate, and acetoacetate. The main metabolites identified in high vagal tone (HVT) and low vagal tone (LVT) groups were acetate, valerate, and glutamate, followed by propionate and butyrate. In addition to the metabolites identified by the PLS-DA test, significant differences in aspartate, sarcosine, malate, and methionine were observed between the groups. Levels of acetoacetate were higher in both symptomatic and LVT groups. Valerate levels were significantly increased in the symptomatic group, while isovalerate, propionate, glutamate, and acetone levels were significantly increased in the LVT group. Furthermore, distinct abundance between groups was only confirmed for the Firmicutes phylum. Differences between participants with high and low vagal tone suggest that certain metabolites are involved in communication between the vagus nerve and the brain.
{"title":"Alterations in Vagal Tone Are Associated with Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Adults with Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: Analysis of Fecal Metabolite Profiles.","authors":"Laura Pasqualette, Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo, Liana Bastos Freitas-Fernandes, Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza, Luís Aureliano Imbiriba, Leandro Araujo Lobo, Eliane Volchan, Regina Maria Cavalcanti Pilotto Domingues, Ana Paula Valente, Karla Rodrigues Miranda","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080450","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence suggests that interactions between the brain and gut microbiota significantly impact brain function and mental health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether young, healthy adults without psychiatric diagnoses exhibit differences in metabolic stool and microbiota profiles based on depression/anxiety scores and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was used to identify fecal metabolic profiles. Results were subjected to multivariate analysis through principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and the metabolites were identified through VIP score. Metabolites separating asymptomatic and symptomatic groups were acetate, valine, and glutamate, followed by sugar regions, glutamine, acetone, valerate, and acetoacetate. The main metabolites identified in high vagal tone (HVT) and low vagal tone (LVT) groups were acetate, valerate, and glutamate, followed by propionate and butyrate. In addition to the metabolites identified by the PLS-DA test, significant differences in aspartate, sarcosine, malate, and methionine were observed between the groups. Levels of acetoacetate were higher in both symptomatic and LVT groups. Valerate levels were significantly increased in the symptomatic group, while isovalerate, propionate, glutamate, and acetone levels were significantly increased in the LVT group. Furthermore, distinct abundance between groups was only confirmed for the Firmicutes phylum. Differences between participants with high and low vagal tone suggest that certain metabolites are involved in communication between the vagus nerve and the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the growth tolerance mechanisms of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to 3-fluorophenol and its removal efficiency by algal cells. Our results indicate that C. pyrenoidosa can tolerate up to 100 mg/L of 3-fluorophenol, exhibiting a significant hormesis effect characterized by initial inhibition followed by promotion of growth. In C. pyrenoidosa cells, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), were higher than or comparable to the control group. Metabolic analysis revealed that the 3-fluorophenol treatment activated pathways, such as glycerol phospholipid metabolism, autophagy, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, contributed to the stabilization of cell membrane structures and enhanced cell repair capacity. After 240 h of treatment, over 50% of 3-fluorophenol was removed by algal cells, primarily through adsorption. Thus, C. pyrenoidosa shows potential as an effective biosorbent for the bioremediation of 3-fluorophenol.
{"title":"Tolerance Mechanisms and Removal Efficiency of <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i> in Treating 3-Fluorophenol Pollution.","authors":"Min Li, Zhenfang Shang, Yonglan Ma, Huijun Zhao, Zhijing Ni, Zhaojun Wei, Xiu Zhang","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080449","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the growth tolerance mechanisms of <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i> to 3-fluorophenol and its removal efficiency by algal cells. Our results indicate that <i>C. pyrenoidosa</i> can tolerate up to 100 mg/L of 3-fluorophenol, exhibiting a significant hormesis effect characterized by initial inhibition followed by promotion of growth. In <i>C. pyrenoidosa</i> cells, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), were higher than or comparable to the control group. Metabolic analysis revealed that the 3-fluorophenol treatment activated pathways, such as glycerol phospholipid metabolism, autophagy, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, contributed to the stabilization of cell membrane structures and enhanced cell repair capacity. After 240 h of treatment, over 50% of 3-fluorophenol was removed by algal cells, primarily through adsorption. Thus, <i>C. pyrenoidosa</i> shows potential as an effective biosorbent for the bioremediation of 3-fluorophenol.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bile, a crucial fluid produced continuously by the liver, plays an essential role in digestion within the small intestine. Beyond its primary function in lipid digestion, bile also acts as a pathway for the elimination of various endogenous and exogenous substances. There have been limited studies focusing on interspecies differences. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of bile acid (BA) composition and its correlation with gene expression patterns across six different species, including mammals and poultry, through combining Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and transcriptome sequencing. The BA profiles revealed distinct metabolite clusters: D-glucuronic acid (GLCA) and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) were predominant in mammals, while taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) and T-alpha-MCA were prevalent in poultry, highlighting species-specific BA compositions. Differentially abundant metabolites, particularly GDCA, glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) showed significant variations across species, with pigs showing the highest BA content. Transcriptome analysis of the liver and small intestine tissues of 56 cDNA libraries across the six species revealed distinct mRNA expression patterns. These patterns clustered samples into broad categories based on tissue type and phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, the correlation between gene expression and BA content was examined, identifying the top 20 genes with significant associations. These genes potentially serve as biomarkers for BA regulation.
胆汁是肝脏持续分泌的一种重要液体,在小肠消化过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。除了消化脂质的主要功能外,胆汁还是排出各种内源性和外源性物质的途径。关于物种间差异的研究十分有限。本研究通过结合液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS)和转录组测序,全面分析了包括哺乳动物和家禽在内的六个不同物种的胆汁酸(BA)组成及其与基因表达模式的相关性。BA 图谱揭示了独特的代谢物群:哺乳动物主要是 D-葡萄糖醛酸(GLCA)和甘氨脱氧胆酸(GCDCA),而家禽主要是牛磺熊胆酸(TLCA)和 T-alpha-MCA,这突出表明了特定物种的 BA 组成。不同物种的代谢物,尤其是 GDCA、甘油脱氧胆酸 (GHDCA) 和牛磺脱氧胆酸 (TDCA) 含量差异显著,其中猪的 BA 含量最高。对六个物种的 56 个 cDNA 文库的肝脏和小肠组织进行转录组分析,发现了不同的 mRNA 表达模式。这些模式根据组织类型和系统发育关系将样本分为几大类。此外,还研究了基因表达与 BA 含量之间的相关性,确定了具有显著相关性的前 20 个基因。这些基因有可能成为 BA 调节的生物标志物。
{"title":"Bile Acid Composition and Transcriptome Analysis of the Liver and Small Intestine in Different Species.","authors":"Dongming Qi, Tingting Zheng, Maosen Yang, Zhiying Huang, Tao Wang, Qiang Wang, Binlong Chen","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080451","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bile, a crucial fluid produced continuously by the liver, plays an essential role in digestion within the small intestine. Beyond its primary function in lipid digestion, bile also acts as a pathway for the elimination of various endogenous and exogenous substances. There have been limited studies focusing on interspecies differences. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of bile acid (BA) composition and its correlation with gene expression patterns across six different species, including mammals and poultry, through combining Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and transcriptome sequencing. The BA profiles revealed distinct metabolite clusters: D-glucuronic acid (GLCA) and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) were predominant in mammals, while taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) and T-alpha-MCA were prevalent in poultry, highlighting species-specific BA compositions. Differentially abundant metabolites, particularly GDCA, glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) showed significant variations across species, with pigs showing the highest BA content. Transcriptome analysis of the liver and small intestine tissues of 56 cDNA libraries across the six species revealed distinct mRNA expression patterns. These patterns clustered samples into broad categories based on tissue type and phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, the correlation between gene expression and BA content was examined, identifying the top 20 genes with significant associations. These genes potentially serve as biomarkers for BA regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11355998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kang Lin Hsieh, Qing Chen, Travis C Salzillo, Jian Zhang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Pratip K Bhattacharya, Shyan Shams
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant Grade VI cancer type with a median survival duration of only 8-16 months. Earlier detection of GBM could enable more effective treatment. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HPMRS) could detect GBM earlier than conventional anatomical MRI in glioblastoma murine models. We further investigated whether artificial intelligence (A.I.) could detect GBM earlier than HPMRS. We developed a deep learning model that combines multiple modalities of cancer data to predict tumor progression, assess treatment effects, and to reconstruct in vivo metabolomic information from ex vivo data. Our model can detect GBM progression two weeks earlier than conventional MRIs and a week earlier than HPMRS alone. Our model accurately predicted in vivo biomarkers from HPMRS, and the results inferred biological relevance. Additionally, the model showed potential for examining treatment effects. Our model successfully detected tumor progression two weeks earlier than conventional MRIs and accurately predicted in vivo biomarkers using ex vivo information such as conventional MRIs, HPMRS, and tumor size data. The accuracy of these predictions is consistent with biological relevance.
{"title":"Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics, and Artificial Intelligence to Interrogate the Metabolic Evolution of Glioblastoma.","authors":"Kang Lin Hsieh, Qing Chen, Travis C Salzillo, Jian Zhang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Pratip K Bhattacharya, Shyan Shams","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080448","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant Grade VI cancer type with a median survival duration of only 8-16 months. Earlier detection of GBM could enable more effective treatment. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HPMRS) could detect GBM earlier than conventional anatomical MRI in glioblastoma murine models. We further investigated whether artificial intelligence (A.I.) could detect GBM earlier than HPMRS. We developed a deep learning model that combines multiple modalities of cancer data to predict tumor progression, assess treatment effects, and to reconstruct in vivo metabolomic information from ex vivo data. Our model can detect GBM progression two weeks earlier than conventional MRIs and a week earlier than HPMRS alone. Our model accurately predicted in vivo biomarkers from HPMRS, and the results inferred biological relevance. Additionally, the model showed potential for examining treatment effects. Our model successfully detected tumor progression two weeks earlier than conventional MRIs and accurately predicted in vivo biomarkers using ex vivo information such as conventional MRIs, HPMRS, and tumor size data. The accuracy of these predictions is consistent with biological relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liliane Vanessa Costa-Pereira, Bruno Ferreira Mendes, Caíque Olegário Diniz Magalhães, Cíntia Maria Rodrigues, Júllia Alves de Andrade, Ramona Ramalho Souza de Pereira, Elizabethe Adriana Esteves, Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas, Eric Francelino Andrade, Fernando Gripp, Flávio Castro de Magalhães, Kinulpe Honorato Sampaio, Alex Cleber Improta-Caria, Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim, Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto
Multiple short daily bouts of HIIT are more effective than single daily sessions in improving cardiometabolic and cellular adaptations in rats. We hypothesize that a short period of detraining is sufficient to abolish the superior adaptive responses to multiple versus single daily sessions of HIIT in rats. Male rats were divided into untrained, 1xHIIT, and 3xHIIT groups. Over eight weeks, the 1xHIIT group performed 115 min single daily sessions of HIIT, while the 3xHIIT group performed three 5 min sessions with 4 h intervals. After training, both groups remained sedentary for four weeks (detraining). Resting oxygen consumption (VO2), body composition, glucose/insulin tolerance, and blood pressure were recorded. After euthanasia, cardiac function/histology and gastrocnemius mitochondrial density were analyzed. After training, both 1xHIIT and 3xHIIT protocols induced similar improvements in VO2, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), cardiac function/hypertrophy, and gastrocnemius mitochondrial density. These effects were maintained even after detraining. Only the 3xHIIT protocol improved insulin sensitivity. After detraining, this effect was abolished. After training, both 1xHIIT and 3xHIIT protocols reduced adiposity. After detraining, the adiposity increased in both groups, with a more pronounced increase in the 3xHIIT rats. A four-week detraining period abolishes the superior adaptive responses to multiple versus single daily HIIT sessions in rats.
{"title":"Cardiometabolic and Cellular Adaptations to Multiple vs. Single Daily HIIT Sessions in Wistar Rats: Impact of Short-Term Detraining.","authors":"Liliane Vanessa Costa-Pereira, Bruno Ferreira Mendes, Caíque Olegário Diniz Magalhães, Cíntia Maria Rodrigues, Júllia Alves de Andrade, Ramona Ramalho Souza de Pereira, Elizabethe Adriana Esteves, Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas, Eric Francelino Andrade, Fernando Gripp, Flávio Castro de Magalhães, Kinulpe Honorato Sampaio, Alex Cleber Improta-Caria, Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim, Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080447","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14080447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple short daily bouts of HIIT are more effective than single daily sessions in improving cardiometabolic and cellular adaptations in rats. We hypothesize that a short period of detraining is sufficient to abolish the superior adaptive responses to multiple versus single daily sessions of HIIT in rats. Male rats were divided into untrained, 1xHIIT, and 3xHIIT groups. Over eight weeks, the 1xHIIT group performed 115 min single daily sessions of HIIT, while the 3xHIIT group performed three 5 min sessions with 4 h intervals. After training, both groups remained sedentary for four weeks (detraining). Resting oxygen consumption (VO2), body composition, glucose/insulin tolerance, and blood pressure were recorded. After euthanasia, cardiac function/histology and gastrocnemius mitochondrial density were analyzed. After training, both 1xHIIT and 3xHIIT protocols induced similar improvements in VO2, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), cardiac function/hypertrophy, and gastrocnemius mitochondrial density. These effects were maintained even after detraining. Only the 3xHIIT protocol improved insulin sensitivity. After detraining, this effect was abolished. After training, both 1xHIIT and 3xHIIT protocols reduced adiposity. After detraining, the adiposity increased in both groups, with a more pronounced increase in the 3xHIIT rats. A four-week detraining period abolishes the superior adaptive responses to multiple versus single daily HIIT sessions in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11355973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gardenia fruit is a popular functional food and raw material for natural pigments. It comes from a wide range of sources, and different products sharing the same name are very common. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important factors that affect the flavor and quality of gardenia fruit. This study used the Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose with advanced odor analysis performance and high sensitivity to analyze six batches of gardenia fruit from different sources. This study analyzed the VOCs to find a way to quickly identify gardenia fruit. The results show that this method can accurately distinguish the odor characteristics of various gardenia fruit samples. The VOCs in gardenia fruit are mainly organic acid esters, ketones, and aldehyde compounds. By combining principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA), this study found that the hexanal content varied the most in different gardenia fruit samples. The VOCs allowed for the fruit samples to be grouped into two main categories. One fruit sample was quite different from the fruits of other origins. The results provide theoretical support for feasibility of rapid identification and quality control of gardenia fruit and related products in the future.
{"title":"An Exploratory Study on the Rapid Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Gardenia Fruit Using the Heracles NEO Ultra-Fast Gas Phase Electronic Nose","authors":"Wenjing Cai, Wei Zhou, Jiayao Liu, Jing Wang, Ding Kuang, Jian Wang, Qing Long, Dan Huang","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080445","url":null,"abstract":"Gardenia fruit is a popular functional food and raw material for natural pigments. It comes from a wide range of sources, and different products sharing the same name are very common. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important factors that affect the flavor and quality of gardenia fruit. This study used the Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose with advanced odor analysis performance and high sensitivity to analyze six batches of gardenia fruit from different sources. This study analyzed the VOCs to find a way to quickly identify gardenia fruit. The results show that this method can accurately distinguish the odor characteristics of various gardenia fruit samples. The VOCs in gardenia fruit are mainly organic acid esters, ketones, and aldehyde compounds. By combining principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA), this study found that the hexanal content varied the most in different gardenia fruit samples. The VOCs allowed for the fruit samples to be grouped into two main categories. One fruit sample was quite different from the fruits of other origins. The results provide theoretical support for feasibility of rapid identification and quality control of gardenia fruit and related products in the future.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sleeve gastrectomy typically leads to weight loss, including a reduction in fat-free mass (FFM). Studies have shown significant FFM loss within 1 year after the procedure but with individual variations. This study aimed to assess whether preoperative amino acid metabolite levels can predict FFM changes following sleeve gastrectomy. This study involved 42 patients. Body weight, fat mass (FM), and FFM were measured preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. All participants experienced weight loss, FM reduction, and FFM decrease for up to 3 months after surgery. However, the following distinct groups emerged from 3 to 6 months postoperatively: one showed FFM gain relative to weight loss, whereas the other exhibited continued FFM reduction relative to weight loss. This trend persisted for up to 12 months postoperatively and became more pronounced. The group with FFM gain had lower preoperative BMI and higher levels of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA). Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses confirmed IPyA’s ability to predict FFM gain between 3 and 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, with a useful cutoff value of 20.205. Preoperative IPyA levels were associated with FFM gain relative to weight loss in the 3 to 6 months following sleeve gastrectomy. These findings suggest that IPyA may be a potential predictor for FFM changes during this period.
{"title":"Association Between Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid and Change in Fat-Free Mass Relative to Weight Loss in Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy","authors":"Eunhye Seo, Yeongkeun Kwon, Sungsoo Park","doi":"10.3390/metabo14080444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080444","url":null,"abstract":"Sleeve gastrectomy typically leads to weight loss, including a reduction in fat-free mass (FFM). Studies have shown significant FFM loss within 1 year after the procedure but with individual variations. This study aimed to assess whether preoperative amino acid metabolite levels can predict FFM changes following sleeve gastrectomy. This study involved 42 patients. Body weight, fat mass (FM), and FFM were measured preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. All participants experienced weight loss, FM reduction, and FFM decrease for up to 3 months after surgery. However, the following distinct groups emerged from 3 to 6 months postoperatively: one showed FFM gain relative to weight loss, whereas the other exhibited continued FFM reduction relative to weight loss. This trend persisted for up to 12 months postoperatively and became more pronounced. The group with FFM gain had lower preoperative BMI and higher levels of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA). Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses confirmed IPyA’s ability to predict FFM gain between 3 and 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, with a useful cutoff value of 20.205. Preoperative IPyA levels were associated with FFM gain relative to weight loss in the 3 to 6 months following sleeve gastrectomy. These findings suggest that IPyA may be a potential predictor for FFM changes during this period.","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}