Microvascular research最新文献_第7页

Acute effects of belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation on microvascular responsiveness of the gastrocnemius muscle in healthy young men 带电极-骨骼肌电刺激对健康青年腓肠肌微血管反应性的急性影响

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104840

Hajime Tamiya , Hina Kawashiri , Toshiaki Miyamoto , Yuko Kurosawa , Takafumi Hamaoka , Atsuhiro Tsubaki

Purpose

Belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (B-SES) improves muscle strength, mass, and exercise tolerance. However, its effects on skeletal muscle microvascular responsiveness remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the acute effects of a single B-SES session on gastrocnemius microvascular responsiveness in healthy young men.

Methods

In this randomized crossover study, 12 healthy young men (mean age: 20.8 ± 1.0 years) underwent two 20-min conditions: electrical stimulation at the sensory threshold (Sham, n = 12) and at the maximum intensity not causing discomfort (B-SES, n = 12). Gastrocnemius metabolic rate (tissue oxygen saturation [StO₂] downslope) and microvascular reperfusion rate (StO₂ upslope) were assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy and a vascular occlusion test.

Results

In the B-SES condition, the StO₂ downslope significantly steepened (Pre: −0.15 ± 0.03 %·s⁻¹, Post: −0.20 ± 0.03 %·s⁻¹, p = 0.002). The StO₂ upslope also significantly steepened (Pre: 1.58 ± 0.52 %·s⁻¹, Post: 2.56 ± 0.71 %·s⁻¹, p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between the StO₂ downslope and StO₂ upslope (r = −0.581, p = 0.047). No significant changes were observed in the Sham condition.

Conclusions

A single B-SES session applied to the lower extremity significantly increased gastrocnemius metabolic rate and was associated with enhanced microvascular reperfusion. These findings suggest B-SES may be a useful therapeutic approach to improving microvascular responsiveness, particularly in individuals with limited exercise capacity.

目的：带状电极-骨骼肌电刺激（B-SES）可以提高肌肉力量、质量和运动耐受性。然而，其对骨骼肌微血管反应性的影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们调查了单次B-SES对健康年轻男性腓肠肌微血管反应性的急性影响。方法在这项随机交叉研究中，12名健康年轻男性（平均年龄：20.8±1.0岁）接受了两种20分钟的条件：感觉阈值电刺激（Sham, n = 12）和不引起不适的最大强度电刺激（B-SES, n = 12）。采用近红外光谱和血管闭塞试验评估腓肠肌代谢率（组织氧饱和度[StO2]下坡）和微血管再灌注率（StO2上坡）。结果在B-SES条件下，StO2下坡明显变陡（Pre:−0.15±0.03%·s−1,Post:−0.20±0.03%·s−1,p = 0.002）。StO2上坡也显著变陡(Pre: 1.58±0.52%·s−1,Post: 2.56±0.71%·s−1,p <；0.001)。StO2下坡与StO2上坡呈显著负相关（r = - 0.581, p = 0.047）。假手术组未见明显变化。结论下肢单次B-SES治疗可显著提高腓肠肌代谢率，微血管再灌注增强。这些发现表明，B-SES可能是改善微血管反应性的有效治疗方法，特别是对于运动能力有限的个体。

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引用次数: 0

Kinetics of thromboxane A2 receptor-driven vascular tone in the cerebral cortex ex vivo 体外大脑皮层血栓素A2受体驱动的血管张力动力学

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104835

Simone Woodruff , Benjamin Zimmerman , Kevin J. Elk , Jennifer E. Jenks , Danica Bojovic , Anusha Mishra

Ex vivo imaging in acute cortical brain slices is a valuable tool to assess neurovascular coupling and is particularly useful for studying active, local changes in microvascular compartments in isolation from upstream or downstream changes in flow. However, the lack of vascular perfusion pressure ex vivo results in loss of vascular tone, which must be restored prior to experiments to unmask dilatory signals. The thromboxane A2 receptor agonist U46619 is a widely used preconstrictor, yet its dose-response properties and kinetics of action on different vascular segments are not fully known. Here, we characterize the effects of U46619 on cortical arterioles and capillaries in ex vivo slices from rats and mice. Dose response curves tested in acute rat brain slices using 0 to 1000 nM U46619 showed that maximal constriction is reached at ∼300 nM in both arterioles and capillaries. Extended application of 200 nM U46619 (∼66 % maximal dose) over 2 h revealed that, on average, capillaries constrict faster than arterioles in rat brain slices. Cross-species examination in mouse tissue showed that vessels in mouse brain slices respond faster and constrict stronger on average than in rat brain slices, and that mouse capillaries also constrict faster than mouse arterioles. Our observations suggest that near-maximal preconstriction can be achieved in ex vivo experiments using 200–300 nM U46619, with a minimum incubation time of 20 min for studies involving capillaries and at least 30 min for studies involving arterioles.

急性脑皮质切片的离体成像是评估神经血管耦合的一种有价值的工具，尤其适用于研究微血管室的局部活动变化，而不受上游或下游血流变化的影响。然而，体外血管灌注压力的缺乏导致血管张力的丧失，必须在实验之前恢复血管张力以揭示扩张信号。血栓素A2受体激动剂U46619是一种广泛使用的预收缩剂，但其剂量反应特性和作用于不同血管段的动力学尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们描述了U46619对大鼠和小鼠离体切片皮质小动脉和毛细血管的影响。使用0 ~ 1000 nM U46619在急性大鼠脑切片中测试的剂量反应曲线显示，在~ 300 nM时，小动脉和毛细血管均达到最大收缩。延长应用200 nM U46619（最大剂量的66%）超过2小时显示，平均而言，大鼠脑切片中的毛细血管收缩速度快于小动脉。在小鼠组织中进行的跨物种检查表明，小鼠脑切片中的血管平均比大鼠脑切片反应更快，收缩更强，小鼠毛细血管收缩也比小鼠小动脉收缩更快。我们的观察表明，在离体实验中，使用200-300 nM的U46619可以实现接近最大的预收缩，涉及毛细血管的研究至少需要20分钟的孵育时间，涉及小动脉的研究至少需要30分钟。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of isometric RPE-clamp exercise on fatigability, muscle oxygenation dynamics, and microvascular function in healthy young adults 等长rpe夹持运动对健康年轻人疲劳、肌肉氧合动力学和微血管功能的影响

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104839

Minyoung Kwak , Brian Benitez , Clara J. Mitchinson , Erik R. Snell , Haley C. Bergstrom

Purpose

This study investigated fatigability, reflected by torque responses and time to task failure (TTF), and time course of muscle oxygenation (SmO₂) dynamics, as well as microvascular function assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy-vascular occlusion test (NIRS-VOT), in response to low-intensity, isometric forearm flexion anchored to a constant rating of perceived exertion (RPE) level of 3 (0–10 scale).

Methods

Twenty-five healthy young adults (22.9 ± 4.8 yr) completed a pre-exercise VOT, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and RPE-clamp exercise (RPE = 3), followed by post-exercise MVIC and VOT. Initial torque, TTF, and SmO₂ dynamics were recorded during the RPE-clamp exercise. The time course of SmO₂ was analyzed in 5 % TTF segments. During the VOTs, slope 1 (desaturation rate), minimum SmO₂, slope 2 (reperfusion rate), maximum SmO₂, and area under the curve (AUC) were recorded.

Results

MVIC torque significantly decreased from pre- to post-exercise (−13.9 % ± 14.0 %; p < 0.001). Initial torque was 23.3 ± 10.3 % MVIC, and TTF was 436.3 ± 252.0 s. SmO₂ declined significantly from 0 % to 5 % TTF (p = 0.005), but returned to the initial value and remained stable across subsequent time intervals. Compared to pre-VOT, post-VOT exhibited significantly lower slope 1 (p < 0.001) and minimum SmO₂ (p = 0.002), and greater maximum SmO₂ (p = 0.013), while slope 2 (p = 0.065) and AUC (p = 0.379) were unchanged.

Conclusions

During the RPE-clamp exercise, the voluntary reduction in torque to maintain the assigned RPE likely resulted in stable muscle oxygen availability, preventing the development of hypoxic stimulus needed to enhance microvascular responsiveness. However, the low-intensity isometric RPE-clamp exercise combined with a post-VOT may enhance muscle aerobic metabolism through sustained oxygen utilization.

目的本研究通过扭矩反应和任务失败时间（TTF）、肌肉氧合（SmO2）动力学的时间过程以及近红外光谱血管闭塞试验（NIRS-VOT）评估的微血管功能来研究低强度、等距前臂屈曲对感知用力（RPE）固定等级为3（0-10量表）的反应。方法25例健康青年（22.9±4.8岁）完成运动前VOT、最大自主等距收缩（MVIC）和RPE夹持运动（RPE = 3），然后进行运动后MVIC和VOT。在rpe夹钳运动期间记录初始扭矩、TTF和SmO2动态。在5% TTF段中分析了SmO2的时间过程。在VOTs期间，记录斜率1（去饱和率）、最小SmO2、斜率2（再灌注率）、最大SmO2和曲线下面积（AUC）。结果运动前后smvic转矩显著降低(- 13.9%±14.0%；p & lt;0.001)。初始扭矩为23.3±10.3% MVIC， TTF为436.3±252.0 s。SmO2从0% TTF显著下降到5% TTF (p = 0.005)，但在随后的时间间隔内恢复到初始值并保持稳定。与vot前相比，vot后的斜率显著降低(p <；0.001)和最小SmO2 (p = 0.002)，最大SmO2 （p = 0.013）较大，而斜率2 （p = 0.065）和AUC （p = 0.379）不变。结论：在RPE钳夹运动中，自愿减少扭矩以维持指定的RPE可能会导致稳定的肌肉氧气供应，阻止了增强微血管反应性所需的缺氧刺激的发展。然而，低强度等长rpe夹紧运动结合vot后可能通过持续的氧利用来增强肌肉有氧代谢。

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引用次数: 0

Nrf2 deficiency blunts exercise training-induced adaptations of coronary resistance arteries Nrf2缺乏使运动训练诱导的冠状动脉阻力适应变迟钝。

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104837

Hyerim Park , Steven L. Medarev , Joshua J. Maraj , Alexis Restrepo , Steven W. Copp , Judy M. Muller-Delp

Exercise training upregulates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and antioxidant production in various tissues; however, little is known about the role of Nrf2 in exercise training-induced adaptations of blood vessels. This study investigated how deletion of Nrf2 affects vasomotor function in coronary resistance arteries in sedentary and exercise-trained rats. Wild-type (WT) and Nrf2 knockout (KO) rats underwent 10 weeks of treadmill exercise or remained sedentary. Coronary resistance arteries were isolated for assessment of vasomotor responses. In resistance arteries from Nrf2 KO rats, endothelin-induced constriction was blunted, but exercise training partially restored responsiveness to endothelin; after exercise training, responses to endothelin were not different between arteries from WT and Nrf2 KO rats. Similarly, KCl-induced constriction was reduced in arteries from Nrf2 KO rats, but exercise training reversed this loss of responsiveness to KCl. Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation of coronary resistance arteries was not altered by deletion of Nrf2; however, exercise training enhanced NO-mediated dilation in arteries from WT, but not Nrf2 KO rats. Similarly, exercise training increased vasodilation to low concentrations of potassium (10 and 20 mM KCl) in arteries from WT, but not Nrf2 KO rats. These findings suggest that Nrf2 is critical to maintenance of contractile responses in coronary resistance arteries, but exercise training can restore contractile function through Nrf2-independent mechanisms. In contrast, vasodilatory responses to NO and low-level potassium are maintained in coronary resistance arteries from Nrf2-deficient rats, but exercise training fails to enhance these vasodilatory responses in the absence of Nrf2.

运动训练上调核因子红细胞2相关因子2 （Nrf2）的表达和各组织抗氧化剂的产生；然而，Nrf2在运动训练诱导的血管适应性中的作用知之甚少。本研究探讨了Nrf2缺失如何影响久坐和运动训练大鼠冠状动脉血管舒缩功能。野生型（WT）和Nrf2敲除（KO）大鼠进行10 周的跑步机运动或保持久坐。分离冠脉阻力动脉以评估血管舒缩反应。在Nrf2 KO大鼠的阻力动脉中，内皮素诱导的收缩被减弱，但运动训练部分恢复了对内皮素的反应性；运动训练后，WT和Nrf2 KO大鼠动脉对内皮素的反应没有差异。同样，Nrf2 KO大鼠的动脉中KCl诱导的收缩减少，但运动训练逆转了这种对KCl的反应性丧失。一氧化氮（NO）介导的冠状动脉血管舒张不因Nrf2的缺失而改变；然而，运动训练增强了WT大鼠no介导的动脉扩张，而Nrf2 KO大鼠则没有。同样，运动训练增加了WT大鼠动脉中低浓度钾（10和20 mM KCl）的血管舒张，但Nrf2 KO大鼠没有。这些发现表明Nrf2对于维持冠状动脉的收缩反应至关重要，但运动训练可以通过Nrf2独立的机制恢复收缩功能。相比之下，Nrf2缺乏的大鼠冠状动脉对NO和低水平钾的血管舒张反应得以维持，但在缺乏Nrf2的情况下，运动训练不能增强这些血管舒张反应。

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引用次数: 0

Time-course and pressure-dependent changes in microvascular responses during ischemic preconditioning 缺血预处理期间微血管反应的时间过程和压力依赖性变化。

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104831

Sean M. Lubiak , Mason A. Howard , Jeffrey T. Schmidt , Nihar N. Patel , Anuj J. Prajapati , Niriham M. Shah , Emma K. Herring , David H. Fukuda , Jeffrey R. Stout , Joshua L. Keller , Ethan C. Hill

This investigation examined a moderate individualized pressure (i.e., percentage of total arterial occlusion pressure [TAOP]) compared to low and high absolute pressures on muscle tissue oxygenation (StO₂) throughout ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Fifteen males randomly completed three cycles of IPC at a low (20 mmHg [IPC_SHAM]), moderate (80% of TAOP [IPC_80%]), and high (220 mmHg [IPC_220mmHg]) pressure. Each cycle lasted 5 min at the assigned pressure, followed by 5 min of zero pressure on the dominant leg. StO₂ was measured continuously and StO₂ indices (i.e., downslope [StO_2down], minimum [StO_2min], upslope [StO_2up], maximum [StO_2max]) were analyzed with Bayesian models. StO_2down and StO_2min were pressure-dependent (IPC_SHAM < IPC_80% < IPC_220mmHg) as indicated by zero absent from all 95% high-density intervals (95% HDI) and 100% probability of an effect (Prob = 100%). During IPC_220mmHg, StO_2up increased from cycle 1 to cycles 2 and 3 but plateaued from cycle 2 to 3 as indicated by zero absent from all 95% HDI's and Prob ≥87.6%. Additionally, StO_2up was greater for IPC_80% and IPC_220mmHg relative to IPC_SHAM for cycles 1 and 2 but was pressure-dependent during cycle 3 as indicated by zero absent from all 95% HDI's and Prob = 98.8%. Lastly, StO_2max was greater for IPC_220mmHg than IPC_SHAM and IPC_80% as indicated by zero absent from all 95% HDI's and Prob = 100%. Collectively, using moderate individualized pressure elicited similar StO_2up as high absolute pressure, but only for cycles 1 and 2. These findings may be attributed to differences in the hypoxic-insult and/or vascular-related mechano-transduction stimuli.

本研究检查了在缺血预处理（IPC）过程中，与肌肉组织氧合（StO2）的低和高绝对压力相比，适度的个体化压力（即动脉闭塞压[TAOP]的百分比）。15名男性随机在低（20 mm Hg [IPCSHAM]）、中（80 % TAOP [IPC80%]）和高（220 mm Hg [IPC220mmHg]）压力下完成3个IPC周期。在指定压力下，每个循环持续5 min，然后在优势腿上进行5 min的零压力。连续测量StO2，用贝叶斯模型分析StO2指数（即下坡[StO2down]、最小[StO2min]、上坡[StO2up]、最大值[StO2max]）。StO2down和StO2min是压力依赖性的（IPCSHAM 80% 220mmHg），由所有95 %高密度区间（95 % HDI）的零缺失和100 %影响概率（Prob = 100 %）表示。在IPC220mmHg期间，StO2up从循环1到循环2和3增加，但从循环2到3趋于平稳，所有95 % HDI和Prob≥87.6% %均为零。此外，在循环1和2中，相对于IPCSHAM， IPC80%和IPC220mmHg的StO2up更大，但在循环3中，所有95 % HDI和Prob = 98.8 %中都不存在零，这表明StO2up在压力依赖性。最后，IPC220mmHg的StO2max大于IPCSHAM和IPC80%，所有95个 % HDI和Prob中均为零， = 100 %。总的来说，使用适度的个例压力会引起与高绝对压力相似的StO2up，但仅适用于循环1和2。这些发现可能归因于缺氧损伤和/或血管相关的机械传导刺激的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional choroidal changes in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: An ultrawide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography study 糖尿病和糖尿病视网膜病变的三维脉络膜改变：一项超宽视场扫描源光学相干断层血管造影研究

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104832

Zhaoxia Zheng , Lei Hu , Yue Zhang , Nianen Liu , Xiaoya Gu , Shuang Song , Xiaobing Yu

Purpose

To investigate choroidal changes in different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), and determine the effect of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) on choroid based on volumetric measurements of ultrawide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF-SS-OCTA).

Methods

This observational study included 56 healthy controls, 192 treatment-naïve DR patients, and 42 PRP-treated DR patients who have undergone UWF-SS-OCTA measurements. Treatment-naïve DR patients were further grouped according to varying severity of DR. Choroidal parameters were analyzed and compared among these groups according to central and peripheral areas. Spearman analysis was performed to determine the association between non-perfusion area (NPA) and choroidal parameters.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, choroidal thickness (CT) and volume (CV), including both vascular and stromal volume (CVV/a and CSV/a) were decreased in treatment-naïve DR patients in full range, while choroidal vascularity index (CVI) decreased only in the peripheral area (P = 0.04). In detail, choroid was thinning in no-DR (NDR) and mild NPDR, followed by an increased trend in moderate and late stages of DR. NPA was positively associated with CT, CV, CVV/a, and CSV/a in moderate and late stages of DR. Choroidal parameters decreased in PRP-treated eyes except for an increase of CVI in the central area.

Conclusion

Choroid was thinning in treatment-naïve DR eyes. Specifically, choroid decreased in the early stage and further increased with DR progression; increased expression of VEGF may be a key factor in choroidal thickening. PRP treatment could contribute to the redistribution of choroidal blood flow and improve the perfusion of the macula.

目的探讨糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）不同阶段脉络膜的变化，并通过超宽视场扫描源光学相干断层血管造影（UWF-SS-OCTA）的体积测量来确定全视网膜光凝（PRP）对脉络膜的影响。方法本观察性研究包括56名健康对照、192名treatment-naïve DR患者和42名接受prp治疗的DR患者，这些患者接受了UWF-SS-OCTA测量。Treatment-naïve将DR患者根据DR的严重程度进行分组，并根据中心区和外周区对各组脉络膜参数进行分析和比较。采用Spearman分析确定非灌注面积（NPA）与脉络膜参数之间的关系。结果与健康对照组相比，treatment-naïve DR患者脉络膜厚度（CT）和体积（CV），包括血管和间质体积（CVV/a和CSV/a）均全面降低，脉络膜血管指数（CVI）仅在外周区降低（P = 0.04）。在无dr （NDR）和轻度NPDR中脉络膜变薄，随后在dr中晚期呈增加趋势。NPA与dr中晚期CT、CV、CVV/a和CSV/a呈正相关，prp治疗的眼睛脉络膜参数下降，但中心区域CVI增加。结论treatment-naïve DR眼脉络膜变薄。具体来说，脉络膜在早期减少，随着DR的进展进一步增加；VEGF表达增加可能是脉络膜增厚的关键因素。PRP治疗有助于脉络膜血流的重新分布，改善黄斑的血流灌注。

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引用次数: 0

Novel in vivo porcine models of chronic ischemic tissue 猪慢性缺血组织的新型体内模型。

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104845

Veronika Frelichova , Robert Bem , Jaroslav Chlupac , Michal Dubsky , Jitka Husakova , Andrea Nemcova , Ludek Voska , Zuzana Simunkova , Filip Tichanek , Jiri Fronek

There is a lack of reliable in vivo models that replicate limb-threatening ischemia in humans. To fill this gap, we developed and validated two novel porcine ischemic models: ischemic limb and dorsal flap models, both with and without streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia (N = 3 per group, 12 in total). Hind limb ischemia model was induced via different arterial ligations, with two ischemic and three control wounds per animal. In the flap model, four full-thickness flaps were created on the dorsum with silicone sheets to block reperfusion, and excisional wounds were made on the top. One non-ischemic wound served as control. Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO₂), wound area, and microvascular density were measured, with TcPO₂ and wound area assessed longitudinally. Data analysis focused on detailed visualization and Bayesian hierarchical modelling to account for the small sample size. Developed models exhibited stable ischemia and prolonged wound healing, with TcPO₂ remaining under 30 mmHg over 28 days, and wound healing extending beyond two weeks. The flap model showed slower TcPO₂ recovery and greater chronicity compared to the limb model, without reliable effect of hyperglycemia. Thus, the porcine flap model shows the highest potential as a relevant model for chronic limb-threatening ischemia.

目前缺乏可靠的体内模型来复制人体肢体缺血。为了填补这一空白，我们开发并验证了两种新的猪缺血模型：缺血肢体和背瓣模型，包括和不包括链脲佐菌素诱导的高血糖（N = 每组3，共12）。采用不同的动脉结扎法建立后肢缺血模型，每只动物2个缺血创口和3个对照创口。在皮瓣模型中，在背侧制作4个全厚皮瓣，用硅胶片阻断再灌注，并在顶部做切除创面。1个非缺血性创面作为对照。测量经皮氧压（TcPO2）、创面面积和微血管密度，纵向评估TcPO2和创面面积。数据分析侧重于详细的可视化和贝叶斯分层建模，以解释小样本量。开发的模型表现出稳定的缺血和延长的伤口愈合，在28 天内TcPO2保持在30 mmHg以下，伤口愈合持续超过两周。与肢体模型相比，皮瓣模型的TcPO2恢复较慢，慢性性更强，无可靠的高血糖效果。因此，猪皮瓣模型作为慢性肢体缺血的相关模型显示出最高的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of neovascularization in murine osteoarthritis using micro-computed tomography 用微计算机断层扫描评价小鼠骨关节炎的新生血管。

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104844

Reza Talaie, Pooya Torkian, Anthony Spano, Alexander Clayton, Jafar Golzarian

Purpose

The study aimed to examine neovascularization in murine osteoarthritis (OA) using micro-computed tomography (μCT).

Materials and methods

OA was induced in eighteen mice through intra-articular collagenase injection, designating the left hindlimbs as OA models and the right hindlimbs as controls. Mice were monitored for 4, 8, or 12 weeks post-induction. Hindlimbs underwent overnight tissue fixation and were then subjected to μCT scanning. Quantification of unnamed arterial branches spanned from the femoral artery's terminal branching point to 2.5 mm below the tibial plateau.

Results

Baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between control and OA-induced groups (p > 0.05). Collagenase-treated limbs showed a significantly higher number of unnamed arterial branches compared to controls (11.6 vs. 7.5, p < 0.001), reflecting increased neovascularization. This elevation persisted across all post-induction time points, with no significant time-dependent trend (p = 0.09) or interaction between time and treatment group (p = 0.17). Spatial analysis revealed that neovessels were predominantly localized to peri-meniscal (61 %) and subchondral (29 %) regions.

Conclusion

Collagenase-induced OA in mice results in sustained and spatially patterned neovascularization, detectable using non-contrast μCT. These findings underscore the utility of μCT for tracking vascular remodeling in OA and highlight potential anatomical targets for angiogenesis-modulating therapies.

目的：利用微计算机断层扫描（μCT）观察小鼠骨关节炎（OA）新生血管的形成情况。材料与方法：18只小鼠关节内注射胶原酶诱导OA，左后肢为OA模型，右后肢为对照组。小鼠在诱导后4、8或12 周进行监测。后肢组织固定过夜后进行μCT扫描。从股动脉末端分支点到胫骨平台下2.5 mm的未命名动脉分支的定量。结果：对照组和oa诱导组的基线特征无显著差异（p > 0.05）。与对照组相比，胶原酶治疗的肢体显示出更多的未命名动脉分支（11.6比7.5,p ）。结论：通过非对比μCT检测，胶原酶诱导的小鼠OA导致持续和空间模式的新血管形成。这些发现强调了μCT在追踪OA血管重构方面的效用，并强调了血管生成调节疗法的潜在解剖学靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Hyperglycemia-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction: Mechanisms and therapeutic interventions 高血糖诱导的血脑屏障功能障碍：机制和治疗干预

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104820

Changsheng Chen , Xi Xu , Jiahao Lu , Yuqing Xiang , Linsheng Shi , Dong Liu

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a highly selective interface that regulates the transport of molecules between the blood and the brain. Its integrity is essential for maintaining neuronal homeostasis and preventing neuroinflammation. Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes, is linked to cognitive deficits and central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, including vascular dementia, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease, with BBB damage as a potential contributing factor. As the global prevalence of diabetes rises, understanding the connection between hyperglycemia and BBB dysfunction may facilitate the development of novel treatments that protect or restore BBB integrity, thereby alleviating the neurological complications of diabetes. Furthermore, it may aid in the development of targeted therapies for diabetes-related neurological complications. This literature review examines the emerging insights into the relationship between hyperglycemia and BBB dysfunction. It focuses on the mechanisms underlying BBB dysfunction, the clinical manifestations of this dysfunction in diabetes and cerebrovascular diseases, and potential therapeutic interventions.

血脑屏障（BBB）作为一个高度选择性的界面，调节血液和大脑之间的分子运输。其完整性对于维持神经元稳态和预防神经炎症至关重要。高血糖症是糖尿病的一个标志，它与认知缺陷和中枢神经系统（CNS）病理（包括血管性痴呆、中风和阿尔茨海默病）有关，血脑屏障损伤是一个潜在的促成因素。随着全球糖尿病患病率的上升，了解高血糖和血脑屏障功能障碍之间的联系可能有助于开发保护或恢复血脑屏障完整性的新疗法，从而减轻糖尿病的神经系统并发症。此外，它可能有助于开发针对糖尿病相关神经系统并发症的靶向治疗方法。这篇文献综述探讨了高血糖和血脑屏障功能障碍之间关系的新见解。它侧重于血脑屏障功能障碍的机制，这种功能障碍在糖尿病和脑血管疾病中的临床表现，以及潜在的治疗干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Activated partial thromboplastin time levels and coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease: A retrospective cohort study 川崎病活化部分凝血活酶时间水平与冠状动脉病变：一项回顾性队列研究

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Microvascular research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2025.104817

Jinhui Zhou , Chao Ni , Zhenquan Wang , Yuhan Xia , Hongying Shi , Xiaoshan Zhao , Yufei Chen , Chenchen Liu , Xing Rong , Rongzhou Wu , Maoping Chu , Huixian Qiu

Objective

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic inflammation, that affects medium-sized arteries. Coronary artery lesions (CALs) were the most serious complication or sequelae of KD. The intense inflammatory response leads to platelet activation, further exacerbating inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CALs in KD patients. Plus, coagulation factors are closely related to platelet activation. Therefore, we speculate that the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), an indicator of coagulation factor function, may be involved in the occurrence of CALs, but it has not been explored yet. This study aims to investigate the effect of the APTT level on CALs occurrence in the acute phase of KD.

Methods

A total of 2303 KD patients during a 10-year period were recruited at the Wenzhou Medical University affiliated Yuying Children's Hospital. A total of 1715 patients who completed the follow-up were enrolled in the final analysis and were divided into the low APTT group and the high APTT group at a 46 s cutoff before receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. Multiple logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis were utilized to evaluate the independent impact of APTT levels on the occurrence of CALs and to determine the impact of APTT levels on the occurrence of CALs in different subgroups, respectively.

Results

The incidence of CALs in the low APTT group and the high APTT group was 12.5 % and 17.5 %, respectively (P = 0.005). Patients with high APTT levels had higher CRP levels (P < 0.001). High APTT levels were the independent risk factor on the occurrence of CALs; the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.523 (95 % CI: 1.144, 2.028). Similar results were found in stratification analysis and sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions

KD patients with high APTT levels (≥46 s) before IVIG treatment may be more prone to developing CALs in the acute phase of KD.

目的川崎病（kawasaki disease， KD）是一种累及中等动脉的急性全身性炎症。冠状动脉病变是KD最严重的并发症或后遗症。强烈的炎症反应导致血小板活化，进一步加重炎症，在KD患者CALs发病机制中起重要作用。此外，凝血因子与血小板活化密切相关。因此，我们推测凝血因子功能指标活化的部分凝血活素时间（activated partial thromboplastin time， APTT）可能参与了CALs的发生，但尚未对此进行探讨。本研究旨在探讨APTT水平对KD急性期CALs发生的影响。方法选取温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院10年间收治的KD患者2303例。1715例完成随访的患者被纳入最终分析，并在接受静脉免疫球蛋白（IVIG）治疗前的46 s截止时间分为低APTT组和高APTT组。采用多元logistic回归分析和分层分析，分别评价APTT水平对CALs发生的独立影响，确定APTT水平对不同亚组CALs发生的影响。结果低APTT组和高APTT组CALs的发生率分别为12.5%和17.5% （P = 0.005）。APTT水平高的患者CRP水平也较高(P <；0.001)。高APTT水平是CALs发生的独立危险因素；校正优势比（OR）为1.523 （95% CI: 1.144, 2.028）。分层分析和敏感性分析结果相似。结论IVIG治疗前APTT水平较高（≥46 s）的KD患者在KD急性期更容易发生CALs。

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引用次数: 0