In order to estimate the comparative impact of organic manure (Vermicompost, Farmyard manure), chemical fertilizers (NPK, Urea) and their combinations on protein and carbohydrate content of Wheat during different growth stages, an experiment was conducted by using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The results revealed that at 15 days after sowing protein content of wheat (leaves) recorded maximum (15.73 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK fertilizer treatment and minimum (7.92 mg/gm) in control. However at 60 days after sowing it was reported maximum (17.92 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK fertilizer combination and minimum (9.68 mg/gm) in control. In the wheat grains, protein content was maximum (127.42 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK followed by 10% VC+100 gm urea (123.59 mg/gm) and minimum (87.53 mg/gm) in control. Moreover, the carbohydrate content of plant leaves at 15 days after sowing was recorded maximum (37.52 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK treatment and minimum (19.35 mg/gm) in control. However at 60 days after sowing it was observed maximum (39.74 mg/gm) in 10% VC+100 gm NPK and minimum (21.41 mg/gm) in control. Furthermore in grains, the carbohydrate content was observed maximum (496.72 mg/gm) in 10% FYM+100 gm NPK followed by 10% VC+100 gm urea (488.61 mg/gm).
{"title":"Impact of different Fertilizer Combinations on the Biochemical Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"M. Sheikh, P. Dwivedi","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.5078091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.5078091","url":null,"abstract":"In order to estimate the comparative impact of organic manure (Vermicompost, Farmyard manure), chemical fertilizers (NPK, Urea) and their combinations on protein and carbohydrate content of Wheat during different growth stages, an experiment was conducted by using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The results revealed that at 15 days after sowing protein content of wheat (leaves) recorded maximum (15.73 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK fertilizer treatment and minimum (7.92 mg/gm) in control. However at 60 days after sowing it was reported maximum (17.92 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK fertilizer combination and minimum (9.68 mg/gm) in control. In the wheat grains, protein content was maximum (127.42 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK followed by 10% VC+100 gm urea (123.59 mg/gm) and minimum (87.53 mg/gm) in control. Moreover, the carbohydrate content of plant leaves at 15 days after sowing was recorded maximum (37.52 mg/gm) in 10% Vermicompost +100 gm NPK treatment and minimum (19.35 mg/gm) in control. However at 60 days after sowing it was observed maximum (39.74 mg/gm) in 10% VC+100 gm NPK and minimum (21.41 mg/gm) in control. Furthermore in grains, the carbohydrate content was observed maximum (496.72 mg/gm) in 10% FYM+100 gm NPK followed by 10% VC+100 gm urea (488.61 mg/gm).","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71085788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Usmanov Isk, Er, I. Vyacheslav, Shcherbakov Arkadiy
Flavonoids are a large class of plant polyphenols with various adaptation functions to environmental factors. The biosynthesis of flavonoids is characterized by a high plasticity of their synthesis and multiple species differences. The HPLC spectra of flavonoid chromatograms from the populations of Juniperus sabina, Glycirrhiza korshinskyi, Achillea millefolia of the South Trans-Urals and pulations of Oxycoccus palustris, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Andromeda polifolia oligotrophic bogs in Western Siberia were studied. Each chromatograms of all species differed in the number of peaks, peak areas, and peak release times (compounds). It was shown that the system of flavonoid biosynthesis is fractal in nature. The species groups of flavonoids have properties of strange attractors. Using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) clear differences between species and groups of species in contrasting ecosystems is shown. Thus, species-specific populations of flavonoids and compounds with similar physicochemical properties are a distinct regional product. In this regard, along with the search and selection of individual plant species based on the content of one compound, it seems appropriate to search for effective regional complexes of flavonoids
{"title":"System for ecological regulation of the biosynthesis of flavonoids as a strange attractor","authors":"Usmanov Isk, Er, I. Vyacheslav, Shcherbakov Arkadiy","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.200115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.200115","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoids are a large class of plant polyphenols with various adaptation functions to environmental factors. The biosynthesis of flavonoids is characterized by a high plasticity of their synthesis and multiple species differences. The HPLC spectra of flavonoid chromatograms from the populations of Juniperus sabina, Glycirrhiza korshinskyi, Achillea millefolia of the South Trans-Urals and pulations of Oxycoccus palustris, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Andromeda polifolia oligotrophic bogs in Western Siberia were studied. Each chromatograms of all species differed in the number of peaks, peak areas, and peak release times (compounds). It was shown that the system of flavonoid biosynthesis is fractal in nature. The species groups of flavonoids have properties of strange attractors. Using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) clear differences between species and groups of species in contrasting ecosystems is shown. Thus, species-specific populations of flavonoids and compounds with similar physicochemical properties are a distinct regional product. In this regard, along with the search and selection of individual plant species based on the content of one compound, it seems appropriate to search for effective regional complexes of flavonoids","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71047291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kokovikhin Sv, V. Kovalenko, S. Aa, O. Tonkha, Kovalenko No, A. O. Butenko, Ushkarenko Vo
The provision of alfalfa with the nutrients throughout the whole growing period is an important factor in influencing the yield. We researched the content of mineral nitrogen in the typical black soil and the productivity of green mass of sowing alfalfa. As a result of research, we have found that the use of CAM in comparison with ammonium nitre in the norm of 90 kg/ha increased the total nitrogen content in the green mass of alfalfa by 0.17%. The mineral compounds of nitrogen in the podzolized black soil were 36%-87% higher compared with the variant without fertilizers. Increasing the rate of phosphorus from 60 to 90 kg/ha increased the content of total phosphorus in sowing alfalfa by 0.09%-0.11% and potassium by 0.19%-0.23% respectively. When using the CAM rate N180 on the P60K60 background the highest yield of green alfalfa (43.5 t/ha) was obtained, the difference comparing to N110P90K120 did not exceed 5%. Correlative and regressive modeling allowed to establish that the content of mineral nitrogen is minimal (15 mg/ha) in the phase of restoration of alfalfa vegetation in the control variant and further was noted its rapid increase to 26-28 mg/kg on the background of nitrogen fertilizer application in doses N150-N180. In the flowering phase, a significant (19.4%-39.8%) decrease of calculated indices of the content of nitrogen mineral compounds was noted, but there appeared a steady dynamics of growth of these indices in the variants with high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. The optimal doses of fertilizer application have been determined at the level from 120 to 145 kg per 1 ha which provides yields of green mass at the level of 45-47 t/ha. The variability of productive features affirms the maximum impact on alfalfa productivity at mineral nutrition background-68.5%, the weather conditions account for 21.5%, the interaction of these factors takes 5.1%, and the influence of unaccounted factors is at the level of 4.9%.
{"title":"Regularities of sowing alfalfa productivity formation while using different types of nitrogen fertilizers in cultivation technology","authors":"Kokovikhin Sv, V. Kovalenko, S. Aa, O. Tonkha, Kovalenko No, A. O. Butenko, Ushkarenko Vo","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4453889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4453889","url":null,"abstract":"The provision of alfalfa with the nutrients throughout the whole growing period is an important factor in influencing the yield. We researched the content of mineral nitrogen in the typical black soil and the productivity of green mass of sowing alfalfa. As a result of research, we have found that the use of CAM in comparison with ammonium nitre in the norm of 90 kg/ha increased the total nitrogen content in the green mass of alfalfa by 0.17%. The mineral compounds of nitrogen in the podzolized black soil were 36%-87% higher compared with the variant without fertilizers. Increasing the rate of phosphorus from 60 to 90 kg/ha increased the content of total phosphorus in sowing alfalfa by 0.09%-0.11% and potassium by 0.19%-0.23% respectively. When using the CAM rate N180 on the P60K60 background the highest yield of green alfalfa (43.5 t/ha) was obtained, the difference comparing to N110P90K120 did not exceed 5%. Correlative and regressive modeling allowed to establish that the content of mineral nitrogen is minimal (15 mg/ha) in the phase of restoration of alfalfa vegetation in the control variant and further was noted its rapid increase to 26-28 mg/kg on the background of nitrogen fertilizer application in doses N150-N180. In the flowering phase, a significant (19.4%-39.8%) decrease of calculated indices of the content of nitrogen mineral compounds was noted, but there appeared a steady dynamics of growth of these indices in the variants with high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. The optimal doses of fertilizer application have been determined at the level from 120 to 145 kg per 1 ha which provides yields of green mass at the level of 45-47 t/ha. The variability of productive features affirms the maximum impact on alfalfa productivity at mineral nutrition background-68.5%, the weather conditions account for 21.5%, the interaction of these factors takes 5.1%, and the influence of unaccounted factors is at the level of 4.9%.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kozhushko, M. Sakhoshko, V. Onychko, Butenko Ye.Yu., N. M. yba, M. H. Bashtovyi, I. Vereshchahin, T. Klochkova, Y. A. Zavora, D. V. Smilik
The consumption of potato as a food product in Ukraine is currently the main type of use. The Potato Research Institute of Sumy National Agrarian University implements a breeding program for the creation of new nematode-resistant intensive varieties with increased energy value. During 2016-2018, the biochemical composition of tubers of 21 hybrids, including 6 early-maturing, 12 middle-early, 3 middle-maturing, was studied using an infrared analyzer. Increased starch content (84%-80% per dry weight) was observed in 10%, high (73%-72%)-in 14% of the hybrids. Protein content in the tubers was at the level of 6.4% per dry weight, early-maturing hybrids turned out to be the most valuable ones (8.9-8.6%). The high content of vitamin C (89-86 mg%) was accumulated by the middle-early and middle-maturing hybrids, vitamin K (0.26-0.19 mg%)-by the early-maturing hybrids. 28% of hybrids with the maximum (2.2 mg%) potassium content were selected. The amount of nitrate in tubers of 48% of the hybrids did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. The hybrids with increased and high starch content had a high caloric value ranging from 58 to 55 calorie/100 g. The selection of high-calorie hybrids will enable us to increase the competitiveness of future potato varieties of Sumy NAU breeding in the modern food market.
{"title":"Biochemical tuber composition of promising potato hybrids","authors":"N. Kozhushko, M. Sakhoshko, V. Onychko, Butenko Ye.Yu., N. M. yba, M. H. Bashtovyi, I. Vereshchahin, T. Klochkova, Y. A. Zavora, D. V. Smilik","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4453874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4453874","url":null,"abstract":"The consumption of potato as a food product in Ukraine is currently the main type of use. The Potato Research Institute of Sumy National Agrarian University implements a breeding program for the creation of new nematode-resistant intensive varieties with increased energy value. During 2016-2018, the biochemical composition of tubers of 21 hybrids, including 6 early-maturing, 12 middle-early, 3 middle-maturing, was studied using an infrared analyzer. Increased starch content (84%-80% per dry weight) was observed in 10%, high (73%-72%)-in 14% of the hybrids. Protein content in the tubers was at the level of 6.4% per dry weight, early-maturing hybrids turned out to be the most valuable ones (8.9-8.6%). The high content of vitamin C (89-86 mg%) was accumulated by the middle-early and middle-maturing hybrids, vitamin K (0.26-0.19 mg%)-by the early-maturing hybrids. 28% of hybrids with the maximum (2.2 mg%) potassium content were selected. The amount of nitrate in tubers of 48% of the hybrids did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. The hybrids with increased and high starch content had a high caloric value ranging from 58 to 55 calorie/100 g. The selection of high-calorie hybrids will enable us to increase the competitiveness of future potato varieties of Sumy NAU breeding in the modern food market.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"20-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Naseri, Sara Saadatm, M. Noroozi, Y. Asri, A. Iranbakhsh
Present study was conducted to investigate the ability of Nitzschia capitellata in accumulation of heavy metal, together with investigating the concentration of the heavy metals absorbed by N. capitellata. The diatom samples of the study collected from Taleghan River in the west of Alborz Province, Iran. The isolated and purified diatom was transferred to the liquid culture medium (F/2) and Mercury test concentrations were 90, 285 and 300 μg/L of HgCl2 in three replications. Cold Atomic Absorption Spectrometry method was used to measure mercury concentration. The precipitation of 30 ml of diatoms’ culture with cell density of 350 × 103 cell/cm2 was added to each mercury concentration. After inoculation, the DTE 0.01 molL-1 solution was used to separate the mercury bonded to the cell wall. The N. capitellata cells were killed when they were exposed to 1000 μgL-1 HgCl2 concentration. The highest intracellular absorbance (416.50 μgL) was related to the first day of treatment in 285 μgL-1 concentration of mercury, and the highest discharge of mercury to environment was 256 μgL-1 concentration in the fourth day. and also the concentrations of intracellular solution mercury and bonded mercury was significantly different.
{"title":"Study the mercury biosorption by unicellular diatom Nitzschia capitellata Hustedt","authors":"A. Naseri, Sara Saadatm, M. Noroozi, Y. Asri, A. Iranbakhsh","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.5077883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.5077883","url":null,"abstract":"Present study was conducted to investigate the ability of Nitzschia capitellata in accumulation of heavy metal, together with investigating the concentration of the heavy metals absorbed by N. capitellata. The diatom samples of the study collected from Taleghan River in the west of Alborz Province, Iran. The isolated and purified diatom was transferred to the liquid culture medium (F/2) and Mercury test concentrations were 90, 285 and 300 μg/L of HgCl2 in three replications. Cold Atomic Absorption Spectrometry method was used to measure mercury concentration. The precipitation of 30 ml of diatoms’ culture with cell density of 350 × 103 cell/cm2 was added to each mercury concentration. After inoculation, the DTE 0.01 molL-1 solution was used to separate the mercury bonded to the cell wall. The N. capitellata cells were killed when they were exposed to 1000 μgL-1 HgCl2 concentration. The highest intracellular absorbance (416.50 μgL) was related to the first day of treatment in 285 μgL-1 concentration of mercury, and the highest discharge of mercury to environment was 256 μgL-1 concentration in the fourth day. and also the concentrations of intracellular solution mercury and bonded mercury was significantly different.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71085713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Kolisnyk, Kolisnyk Oo, Vatamaniuk Ov, A. O. Butenko, V. Onychko, T. Onychko, Dubovyk Vi, Radchenko Mv, O. L. Ihnatieva, C. Ta
According to the comparative results of the obtained values of GCA effects of self-pollinated lines by the resistance to pest damage and disease affection with the values of GCA effects by grain production, it is reasonable to mention such self-pollinated lines as UH 405, F 502 and SM 5-1-1. These lines combine the negative values of GCA effects by pest damage and disease affection with high positive GCA effects by grain productivity in conditions of monoculture. Line UHK 409, despite the negative values of GCA effects by productivity, is still important as a form resistant to diseases and pests; this line can be used in saturating crosses to transfer valuable traits resistant to pathogens to different efficient patterns.
{"title":"Analysis of strategies for combining productivity with disease and pest resistance in the genotype of base breeding lines of maize in the system of diallele crosses","authors":"O. Kolisnyk, Kolisnyk Oo, Vatamaniuk Ov, A. O. Butenko, V. Onychko, T. Onychko, Dubovyk Vi, Radchenko Mv, O. L. Ihnatieva, C. Ta","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.190107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.190107","url":null,"abstract":"According to the comparative results of the obtained values of GCA effects of self-pollinated lines by the resistance to pest damage and disease affection with the values of GCA effects by grain production, it is reasonable to mention such self-pollinated lines as UH 405, F 502 and SM 5-1-1. These lines combine the negative values of GCA effects by pest damage and disease affection with high positive GCA effects by grain productivity in conditions of monoculture. Line UHK 409, despite the negative values of GCA effects by productivity, is still important as a form resistant to diseases and pests; this line can be used in saturating crosses to transfer valuable traits resistant to pathogens to different efficient patterns.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71046848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Yaroshchuk, M. Lisoviy, M. Guz, I. Kovalenko, S. Zherdetska
The analysis of the works of the scientists engaged in the Pseudotsuga menziesii propagation under the in vitro condition has been made. The findings of the authors’ researches on the propagation of the studied species by micro-cloning are presented. The optimal age of the Pseudotsuga menziesii maternal plants to procure initial plant material has been clarified. The explant decontamination (sterilization) scheme has been deduced from experiments, the nutrient medium composition for the in vitro initiation, multiplication and rooting of regenerated plants, as well as the substrate for the adaptation of the obtained clones to soil conditions, have been selected. The obtained results have shown the prospects of the studied species propagation by the proposed method.
{"title":"Features of the in vitro propagation of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco","authors":"R. Yaroshchuk, M. Lisoviy, M. Guz, I. Kovalenko, S. Zherdetska","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4449920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4449920","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the works of the scientists engaged in the Pseudotsuga menziesii propagation under the in vitro condition has been made. The findings of the authors’ researches on the propagation of the studied species by micro-cloning are presented. The optimal age of the Pseudotsuga menziesii maternal plants to procure initial plant material has been clarified. The explant decontamination (sterilization) scheme has been deduced from experiments, the nutrient medium composition for the in vitro initiation, multiplication and rooting of regenerated plants, as well as the substrate for the adaptation of the obtained clones to soil conditions, have been selected. The obtained results have shown the prospects of the studied species propagation by the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kitaibela vitifolia is a locally rare species known from only one locality in southern Turkey. After the new discovery of Kitaibela vitifolia, it has been recorded from a new locality in Kastamonu province in northern Turkey. Brief history, morphology, chorology, habitat, and ecology of this rare species have been discussed in this research. The conservation status of Kitaibela vitifolia is also reviewed based on the present distribution data.
{"title":"Distribution patterns of rare Kitaibela vitifolia Willd in Turkey: Taxonomy, chorology, and conservation","authors":"B. Tunçkol, H. Yaşayacak, N. Aksoy","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4449914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4449914","url":null,"abstract":"Kitaibela vitifolia is a locally rare species known from only one locality in southern Turkey. After the new discovery of Kitaibela vitifolia, it has been recorded from a new locality in Kastamonu province in northern Turkey. Brief history, morphology, chorology, habitat, and ecology of this rare species have been discussed in this research. The conservation status of Kitaibela vitifolia is also reviewed based on the present distribution data.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The biochemical profiling of flavonoids in the bark of winter shoots was conducted with the purpose of ecological management of implicit environmental threats of invasions of the species of the genus Juglans and their hybrids under naturalization. Six species of Juglans, introduced into forests and parks of Kyiv, were studied, namely, J. ailantifolia Carriere, J. cinerea L., J. mandshurica Maxim., J. nigra L., J. regia L., and J. subcordiformis Dode, cultivar J. regia var. maxima DC. ′Dessert′ and four probable hybrids (♀J. subcordiformis × ♂J. ailantifolia; ♀J. nigra × ♂J. mandshurica; ♀J. cinerea × ♂J. regia and ♀J. regia × ♂J. mandshurica). Due to the targeted introduction of different duration, the invasive species are at the beginning stage of forming their populations, sometimes amounting to naturalization. The species-wise specificity of introduced representatives of different ages (from one-year-old seedlings to generative trees), belonging to the genus Juglans, was determined. J. regia and J. nigra are the richest in the content of secondary metabolites; J. cinerea and J. mandshurica have a medium level, and J. ailantifolia and J. subcordiformis-a low level. On the contrary, the representatives of J. ailantifolia and J. subcordiformis are the most diverse in the content of secondary metabolites. Hybrid forms are notable for the decreased content of flavonoids, which may have a considerable impact on their individual resistance and ecological flexibility. The latter circumstance should be considered in the ecological management of walnut plantings in Kyiv. The results of biochemical profiling of secondary metabolites from winter shoot bark demonstrated that six investigated species belonged to four sections: Juglans, Cardiocaryon, Rhysocaryon, and Trachycaryon. The hybrids were usually grouped by the sections, represented by the paternal component in the hybrid pair. However, recent results of complete genome sequencing were used by the scientists to prove a relevant evolutionary role of the phenomenon of hybridization in the genus Juglans between the species, separated in the modern areas between the American and Eurasian continents, in particular, the ones, introduced into the Kyiv plantings. The revealed genomic mosaicism forms a new impression about phylogenetic relations within the genus. The possibility of using the biochemical profiling of winter shoot bark for some utilitarian needs (including the determination of the content of useful biologically active substances and detecting the advantages of hybrids by their performance features) is discussed
为了对归化过程中核桃属植物及其杂交种入侵的隐性环境威胁进行生态管理，对冬笋树皮中黄酮类化合物进行了生化分析。对引进基辅森林和公园的6种核桃属植物(J. ailantifolia Carriere, J. cinerea L.， J. mandshurica Maxim)进行了研究。、黑椒、紫椒和亚堇型紫椒，栽培紫椒变种。“甜点”和四个可能的杂交品种(♀J。亚cordiformis ×♂J。ailantifolia;♀J。黑鼠♂J。效果;♀J。【翻译】regia and♀J。regia ×♂J。效果)。由于有针对性的引入时间不同，入侵物种处于形成种群的初始阶段，有时相当于归化。确定了不同年龄(从1年树苗到生殖树)的引种代表属于Juglans属的物种特异性。王参和黑参的次生代谢物含量最高;灰荆和山茱萸属中等水平，黄叶和紫荆属低水平。与之相反，次生代谢物含量差异最大的是黄菖蒲和紫菖蒲。杂交种黄酮类化合物含量显著降低，这可能对其个体抗性和生态柔韧性产生相当大的影响。后一种情况应在基辅核桃种植的生态管理中加以考虑。冬笋树皮次生代谢产物的生化分析结果表明，所调查的6种植物分别属于Juglans、cardicaryon、Rhysocaryon和Trachycaryon 4个部分。杂交种通常按片段分组，以杂交对中的父系成分为代表。然而，科学家们利用最近的全基因组测序结果，证明了在美洲大陆和欧亚大陆之间的现代地区，特别是引入基辅种植的物种之间的Juglans属杂交现象的相关进化作用。揭示的基因组镶嵌现象形成了对属内系统发育关系的新印象。讨论了利用冬笋皮的生化分析来满足一些实用需求的可能性(包括测定有用生物活性物质的含量和通过其性能特征来检测杂种的优势)
{"title":"Identifying species and hybrids in the genus juglans by biochemical profiling of bark","authors":"Likhanov Af, B. Ri, Koniakin Sn, Kozyr Ms","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.4453881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.4453881","url":null,"abstract":"The biochemical profiling of flavonoids in the bark of winter shoots was conducted with the purpose of ecological management of implicit environmental threats of invasions of the species of the genus Juglans and their hybrids under naturalization. Six species of Juglans, introduced into forests and parks of Kyiv, were studied, namely, J. ailantifolia Carriere, J. cinerea L., J. mandshurica Maxim., J. nigra L., J. regia L., and J. subcordiformis Dode, cultivar J. regia var. maxima DC. ′Dessert′ and four probable hybrids (♀J. subcordiformis × ♂J. ailantifolia; ♀J. nigra × ♂J. mandshurica; ♀J. cinerea × ♂J. regia and ♀J. regia × ♂J. mandshurica). Due to the targeted introduction of different duration, the invasive species are at the beginning stage of forming their populations, sometimes amounting to naturalization. The species-wise specificity of introduced representatives of different ages (from one-year-old seedlings to generative trees), belonging to the genus Juglans, was determined. J. regia and J. nigra are the richest in the content of secondary metabolites; J. cinerea and J. mandshurica have a medium level, and J. ailantifolia and J. subcordiformis-a low level. On the contrary, the representatives of J. ailantifolia and J. subcordiformis are the most diverse in the content of secondary metabolites. Hybrid forms are notable for the decreased content of flavonoids, which may have a considerable impact on their individual resistance and ecological flexibility. The latter circumstance should be considered in the ecological management of walnut plantings in Kyiv. The results of biochemical profiling of secondary metabolites from winter shoot bark demonstrated that six investigated species belonged to four sections: Juglans, Cardiocaryon, Rhysocaryon, and Trachycaryon. The hybrids were usually grouped by the sections, represented by the paternal component in the hybrid pair. However, recent results of complete genome sequencing were used by the scientists to prove a relevant evolutionary role of the phenomenon of hybridization in the genus Juglans between the species, separated in the modern areas between the American and Eurasian continents, in particular, the ones, introduced into the Kyiv plantings. The revealed genomic mosaicism forms a new impression about phylogenetic relations within the genus. The possibility of using the biochemical profiling of winter shoot bark for some utilitarian needs (including the determination of the content of useful biologically active substances and detecting the advantages of hybrids by their performance features) is discussed","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"24 1","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71081013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kliuchevych, S. Stoliar, Chumak PYa, S. Retman, Strygun Oo, H. Tkalenko, S. Vigera
The investigation of morphological traits of main development cycles of Erysiphe palczewsk Takamatsuii on various host plant species at seven different ecological geo-points in Ukraine. Sampling was conducted with the help of plant route research method in the parks in Kiev and Kiev region, and also in Zhytomyr. Phytopathologic analysis, morphometry of conidia, fruit bodies and their appendages as well as asci and ascospores were carried out using a light microscope and a smartphone with the software “Magnifier Cam”. The greatest disease development is manifested on the fruits (beans), leaves, branches of current annual accretion on Robinia pseudoacacia L. For the first time in Ukraine, all development stages of invasive species Erysiphe palczewskii were detected on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Comparative analysis of morphometric parameters of conidia, fruit bodies, appendages, asci and ascospores from Caragana arborescens and black locust from different ecological geo-points was conducted.
{"title":"Most recent detection of invasive species Erysiphe palczewskii (Jacz.) U Braun et S Takam on Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Ukraine","authors":"M. Kliuchevych, S. Stoliar, Chumak PYa, S. Retman, Strygun Oo, H. Tkalenko, S. Vigera","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.5077865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.5077865","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of morphological traits of main development cycles of Erysiphe palczewsk Takamatsuii on various host plant species at seven different ecological geo-points in Ukraine. Sampling was conducted with the help of plant route research method in the parks in Kiev and Kiev region, and also in Zhytomyr. Phytopathologic analysis, morphometry of conidia, fruit bodies and their appendages as well as asci and ascospores were carried out using a light microscope and a smartphone with the software “Magnifier Cam”. The greatest disease development is manifested on the fruits (beans), leaves, branches of current annual accretion on Robinia pseudoacacia L. For the first time in Ukraine, all development stages of invasive species Erysiphe palczewskii were detected on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Comparative analysis of morphometric parameters of conidia, fruit bodies, appendages, asci and ascospores from Caragana arborescens and black locust from different ecological geo-points was conducted.","PeriodicalId":18663,"journal":{"name":"Modern Phytomorphology","volume":"14 1","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71085604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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