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A Mouse Model of Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Allergy Exhibits Altered Localization of SARS-CoV-2-Susceptible Cells in the Lungs, Which Reflects Omicron BA.5 Infection Dynamics, Viral Mutations, and Immunopathology. 卵清蛋白诱导的气道过敏小鼠模型显示出肺部 SARS-CoV-2 易感细胞定位的改变,这反映了 Omicron BA.5 感染动态、病毒突变和免疫病理学。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13184
Takao Iketani, Kaya Miyazaki, Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa, Yusuke Sakai, Nozomi Shiwa-Sudo, Seiya Ozono, Hideki Asanuma, Hideki Hasegawa, Tadaki Suzuki, Noriyo Nagata

Asthma, an allergic disease of the airways, is a risk factor for severity of common respiratory viral infections; however, the relationship between asthma and severity in COVID-19 remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron BA.5 strain) infection in a mouse model of airway allergy. First, stimulation of allergic mice with OVA resulted in the appearance of ACE2-negative mucus-secreting goblet cells in the bronchiolar region, and an increase in the number of ACE2-expressing cells in the alveoli. As a result, ACE2-expressing cells, which are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, were limited to the distal portion of the bronchioles while they increased in the alveolar area. After viral infection, the peak infectious viral load in the OVA group was 100-fold lower than that in the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group; however, clearance of viral RNA from the upper/lower airways was delayed. There were notable differences in acquisition of nsp5 and nsp6 mutations by the Omicron BA.5 strain recovered from BALF samples obtained from the OVA and PBS groups. Immune responses associated with viral clearance were essentially the same, but expression of granulocyte-associated chemokines was higher, M2 macrophage responses were predominant, and the higher spike-specific IgG1/IgG2a ratio in the OVA group post-infection. Infection localized in the alveolar region earlier in the OVA group, resulting in more severe alveolar damage than in the PBS group. These data suggest a Th2-shifted immune background and altered localization of SARS-CoV-2 susceptible cells in mice with OVA-induced airway allergy, which reflect Omicron BA.5 infection dynamics, viral mutations, and immunopathology.

哮喘是一种气道过敏性疾病,是常见呼吸道病毒感染严重程度的一个危险因素;然而,哮喘与 COVID-19 严重程度之间的关系仍不清楚。在此,我们研究了 SARS-CoV-2(Omicron BA.5 株)感染对气道过敏小鼠模型的影响。首先,用 OVA 刺激过敏小鼠会导致支气管区域出现 ACE2 阴性的分泌粘液的小管细胞,并增加肺泡中 ACE2 表达细胞的数量。因此,对 SARS-CoV-2 易感的 ACE2 表达细胞仅限于支气管远端,而肺泡区的 ACE2 表达细胞则有所增加。病毒感染后,OVA组的感染性病毒载量峰值比磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)组低100倍;但病毒RNA从上/下呼吸道清除的时间推迟。从 OVA 组和 PBS 组获得的 BALF 样本中回收的 Omicron BA.5 株系在获得 nsp5 和 nsp6 突变方面存在显著差异。与病毒清除相关的免疫反应基本相同,但粒细胞相关趋化因子的表达较高,M2巨噬细胞反应占主导地位,感染后OVA组的尖峰特异性IgG1/IgG2a比率较高。与 PBS 组相比,OVA 组感染在肺泡区域的定位更早,导致肺泡损伤更严重。这些数据表明,在 OVA 诱导的气道过敏小鼠中,Th2 转移免疫背景和 SARS-CoV-2 易感细胞的定位发生了改变,这反映了 Omicron BA.5 的感染动态、病毒突变和免疫病理学。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic Characterization of a Novel Retron Element Isolated from Vibrio mimicus. 从拟态弧菌中分离出的一种新型 Retron 元素的遗传特征。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13181
Jant Cres Caigoy, Toshi Shimamoto, Yojiro Ishida, Ashraf M Ahmed, Shin-Ichi Miyoshi, Tadashi Shimamoto

Bacterial reverse transcriptase coding gene (RT) is essential for the production of a small satellite DNA-RNA complex called multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA). In this study, we found a novel retron, retron-Vmi1 (Vm85) from Vibrio mimicus. The retron is comprised of the msr-msd region, orf323, and the ret gene, a genetic organization similar to Salmonella's retron-Sen2 (St85). The protein sequence of the RNA-directed DNA polymerase (RT-Vmi1) is highly homologous to the RTs of Vibrio metoecus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. Phylogenetic and protein sequence similarity analysis of retron-Vmi1 ORF323 and RT revealed a close relatedness to retron-Sen2. We found that retron-Vmi1 was inserted in the dusA gene, similar to the insertion of the retron-Vpa1 (Vp96) of V. parahaemolyticus AQ3354, suggesting that retrons can be transferred via the tRNA gene. These results are the first convincing evidence that retron is moving across species. The neighboring genes of retron-Vmi1 shared high homology with the genetic environment of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus retrons. We also found two junction points within the retron-Vmi1 and the dusA gene suggesting that retron-Vmi1 was inserted into this site in a two-step manner.

细菌逆转录酶编码基因(RT)对于产生一种称为多拷贝单链 DNA(msDNA)的小型卫星 DNA-RNA 复合物至关重要。在这项研究中,我们从拟态弧菌中发现了一种新的反转录基因 retron-Vmi1(Vm85)。该retron由msr-msd区域、orf323和ret基因组成,其基因组织类似于沙门氏菌的retron-Sen2(St85)。RNA 引导的 DNA 聚合酶(RT-Vmi1)的蛋白质序列与 metoecus弧菌、副溶血性弧菌和弧菌的 RT 高度同源。对 retron-Vmi1 ORF323 和 RT 的系统发育和蛋白质序列相似性分析表明,它们与 retron-Sen2 关系密切。我们发现 retron-Vmi1 被插入到 dusA 基因中,与副溶血性弧菌 AQ3354 的 retron-Vpa1 (Vp96)的插入相似,这表明 retrons 可以通过 tRNA 基因转移。这些结果首次令人信服地证明了 retron 可跨物种转移。retron-Vmi1的邻近基因与副溶血性弧菌和弧菌retrons的遗传环境具有高度的同源性。我们还在 retron-Vmi1 和 dusA 基因中发现了两个连接点,这表明 retron-Vmi1 是以两步方式插入该基因的。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient Neutralizing Antibodies Induction by Human Parvovirus B19 Epitope-Presenting Protein Nanoparticles. 人类 Parvovirus B19 表位蛋白纳米颗粒诱导的高效中和抗体
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13182
Sakika Kimura, Hidehiko Suzuki, Yu Hatakeyama, Takafumi Noguchi, Koga Ii, Kazumasa Nakamura, Hirotaka Ebina, Eiji Morita

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes fetal hydrops in pregnant women. Despite the significant impact of this virus, effective vaccines remain unclear. In this study, we successfully engineered B19V protein nanoparticles by fusing the N-terminal receptor-binding domain corresponding to 5-80 amino acids of VP1 with two distinct types of self-assembling protein nanoparticles. Gel filtration and electron microscopic analysis confirmed the spherical assembly of the antigen-fused nanoparticles. The purified nanoparticles are efficiently bound to the surface of UT7/Epo-S1 cells, which are semi-permissive hosts for B19V infection. Immunization of BALB/c mice with VP1u 5-80 nanoparticles elicited a robust production of B19V-specific IgG antibodies compared to single VP1u 5-80 peptides. Moreover, a neutralization assay using B19V derived from a blood donor sample revealed that antibodies from mice immunized with VP1u 5-80 nanoparticles exhibited stronger infection-neutralizing activity. These findings suggest that nanoparticle formation plays a crucial role in enhancing the immunogenicity of the B19V VP1u 5-80 amino acid peptide and that these nanoparticles could serve as promising vaccine candidates, effectively inducing immunity against B19V.

人类 parvovirus B19(B19V)会导致孕妇胎儿水肿。尽管这种病毒影响重大,但有效的疫苗仍不明确。在这项研究中,我们通过将与 VP1 的 5-80 个氨基酸相对应的 N 端受体结合域与两种不同类型的自组装蛋白纳米粒子融合,成功地设计出了 B19V 蛋白纳米粒子。凝胶过滤和电子显微镜分析证实了抗原融合纳米粒子的球形组装。纯化的纳米颗粒能有效地与UT7/Epo-S1细胞表面结合,而UT7/Epo-S1细胞是B19V感染的半容许宿主。与单个 VP1u 5-80 肽相比,用 VP1u 5-80 纳米颗粒免疫 BALB/c 小鼠可诱导产生强效的 B19V 特异性 IgG 抗体。此外,使用供血样本中的 B19V 进行的中和试验显示,使用 VP1u 5-80 纳米颗粒免疫小鼠的抗体具有更强的感染中和活性。这些研究结果表明,纳米颗粒的形成在增强 B19V VP1u 5-80 氨基酸肽的免疫原性方面起着关键作用,这些纳米颗粒可作为有前途的候选疫苗,有效诱导对 B19V 的免疫。
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引用次数: 0
Lack of Evidence for Transmission of Atypical H-Type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Prions (H-BSE Prions) by Intracranial and Oral Challenges to Nonhuman Primates. 缺乏证据证明非人灵长类动物通过颅内和口服挑战传播非典型 H 型牛海绵状脑病朊病毒 (H-BSE Prions)。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13180
Hiroaki Shibata, Fumiko Ono, Yuko Sato, Keiko Ohto, Nozomi Nakano, Morikazu Imamura, Motohiro Horiuchi, Minoru Tobiume, Ken'ichi Hagiwara

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a prion disease in cattle caused by classical-type (C-), L-type (L-), or H-type (H-) BSE prions. While C-BSE prions are zoonotic agents responsible for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, L- and H-BSE prions are believed not to be connected to human prion diseases. However, L-BSE prions have been shown to transmit to cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), suggesting they may have zoonotic potential. In the present study, we examined whether H-BSE prions are transmissible to cynomolgus monkeys. The monkeys were injected intracranially (n = 2) or given orally (n = 2) with brain homogenates from a cow infected with H-BSE prions. After asymptomatic observation periods of 4-6 years, the monkeys were euthanized for autopsy. Histological examination of the brain did not reveal any pathological changes. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses did not detect disease-associated forms of prion protein (PrPSc) in the brain, peripheral neurons, or lymphatic tissues. The unsuccessful transmission indicates an effective barrier against the transmission of cattle H-BSE prions to cynomolgus monkeys. Based on the results obtained in this nonhuman primate model, we estimated that the potential transmission of H-BSE prions to humans is substantially lower than C- and L-BSE prions.

牛海绵状脑病(BSE)是一种由经典型(C-)、L-型(L-)或 H-型(H-)BSE朊病毒引起的牛朊病毒病。C-BSE朊病毒是导致变异型克雅氏症的人畜共患病因子,而L-和H-BSE朊病毒则被认为与人类朊病毒疾病无关。然而,L-BSE朊病毒已被证明可传播给猕猴(Macaca fascicularis),这表明它们可能具有人畜共患病的潜能。在本研究中,我们考察了 H-BSE 朊病毒是否会传播给猕猴。给猴子颅内注射(n = 2)或口服(n = 2)感染了 H-BSE 朊病毒的母牛的脑匀浆。经过4-6年的无症状观察期后,猴子被安乐死以进行尸体解剖。大脑组织学检查未发现任何病理变化。免疫组化和 Western 印迹分析也未在大脑、外周神经元或淋巴组织中检测到与疾病相关的朊病毒蛋白 (PrPSc)。这种不成功的传播表明,牛 H-BSE 朊病毒对猴的传播具有有效的屏障作用。根据在这种非人灵长类动物模型中获得的结果,我们估计 H-BSE 朊病毒向人类传播的可能性大大低于 C- 和 L-BSE 朊病毒。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of an Inactivated Whole-Virus A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) (H3N2) Influenza Vaccine in Ferrets. 灭活整病毒 A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) (H3N2) 流感疫苗在雪貂中的疗效。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13179
Noriko Kishida, Masaki Imai, Akira Ainai, Hideki Asanuma, Reiko Saito, Seiichiro Fujisaki, Masayuki Shirakura, Kazuya Nakamura, Tomoko Kuwahara, Emi Takashita, Masato Tashiro, Takato Odagiri, Shinji Watanabe

It has been reported that the high-growth reassortant (HGR) A(H3N2) influenza viruses used for split influenza vaccine (SV) production have some amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin due to egg adaptation during virus propagation, causing antigenic differences between HGR and epidemic viruses. To clarify whether inactivated whole-virus vaccine (WV) derived from the A(H3N2) HGR virus possessing egg adaptation could induce cross-protective immune responses against epidemic A(H3N2) viruses, the efficacy of WV was compared with that of SV in a ferret model. When the ferrets immunized with WV or SV derived from HGR A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) virus were challenged with the homologous virus A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) or its original cell-propagated A/Victoria/361/2011 virus, respectively, WV successfully shortened the duration of virus shedding of both challenge viruses, whereas SV shortened only that of the homologous virus, A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165). When WV-immunized ferrets were challenged with A/Fukushima/69/2015 virus, which is an epidemic virus antigenically different from the A/Victoria/361/2011 virus, WV could shorten the duration of shedding of this virus. In addition, we found that early induction of nasal IgG and IgA antibodies by vaccines helped shorten the virus-shedding period, although this was dependent on the degree of difference in antigenicity of the challenge virus. These results indicate that vaccination with WV, not with SV, would be a solution to avoid decreased vaccine effectiveness due to the antigenic change of HGR virus by egg adaptation during virus propagation.

据报道,用于生产分体式流感疫苗(SV)的高生长变异型(HGR)甲型(H3N2)流感病毒由于在病毒繁殖过程中进行了卵适应,其血凝素中存在一些氨基酸替代,从而导致HGR病毒与流行病病毒之间存在抗原差异。为了明确从具有卵适应性的 A(H3N2)HGR 病毒中提取的全病毒灭活疫苗(WV)能否诱导针对流行性 A(H3N2)病毒的交叉保护性免疫反应,我们在雪貂模 型中比较了 WV 和 SV 的效力。当分别用同源病毒 A/Victoria/361/2011(IVR-165)或其原始细胞繁殖的 A/Victoria/361/2011(IVR-165)病毒挑战经 WV 或 SV 免疫的 HGR A/Victoria/361/2011(IVR-165)病毒时,WV 成功地缩短了两种挑战病毒的脱落期,而 SV 仅缩短了同源病毒 A/Victoria/361/2011(IVR-165)的脱落期。福岛/69/2015病毒是一种与A/Victoria/361/2011病毒抗原不同的流行性病毒,当WV免疫的雪貂用福岛/69/2015病毒挑战该病毒时,WV可缩短该病毒的脱落时间。此外,我们发现疫苗早期诱导鼻腔 IgG 和 IgA 抗体有助于缩短病毒脱落期,尽管这取决于挑战病毒抗原性的差异程度。这些结果表明,接种 WV 而非 SV 疫苗是避免因 HGR 病毒在病毒繁殖过程中因卵子适应而发生抗原性变化而导致疫苗效果下降的一种解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information – Cover 发行信息 - 封面
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13177

Cover photograph: Immunostaining of the hPIV infection foci on LLC-MK2 cells. Microbiol Immunol: 68:371–380. Article link here

封面照片:LLC-MK2 细胞上 hPIV 感染灶的免疫染色。微生物学免疫学》:68:371-380。文章链接
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引用次数: 0
Structure-based virtual screening and drug repurposing studies indicate potential inhibitors of bovine papillomavirus E6 oncoprotein. 基于结构的虚拟筛选和药物再利用研究揭示了牛乳头瘤病毒 E6 肿瘤蛋白的潜在抑制剂。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13178
Lucas Alexandre Barbosa de Oliveira Santos, Marcus Vinicius de Aragão Batista

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1) is an oncogenic virus that causes lesions and cancer in infected cattle. Despite being one of the most studied genotypes in the family and occurring in herds worldwide, there are currently no vaccines or drugs for its control. The viral E6 oncoprotein plays a crucial role in infection by this virus, making it a promising target for the development of new therapies. In this regard, we integrated structure-based virtual screening approaches, drug repositioning, and molecular dynamics to identify approved drugs with the potential to inhibit BPV1 E6. Our results reveal that Lumacaftor and MK-3207 are promising candidates for controlling BPV1 infection. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of E6 oncoprotein blockers in an accelerated and cost-effective manner.

牛乳头瘤病毒 1 型 (BPV1) 是一种致癌病毒,会导致受感染的牛出现病变和癌症。尽管该病毒是研究最多的基因型之一,而且在世界各地的牛群中都有发生,但目前还没有疫苗或药物可用于控制该病毒。病毒 E6 肿瘤蛋白在该病毒感染中起着至关重要的作用,使其成为开发新疗法的一个有希望的靶点。在这方面,我们整合了基于结构的虚拟筛选方法、药物重新定位和分子动力学方法,以确定有可能抑制 BPV1 E6 的已批准药物。我们的研究结果表明,Lumacaftor 和 MK-3207 是有希望控制 BPV1 感染的候选药物。这项研究的结果可能有助于以更快、更具成本效益的方式开发 E6 肿瘤蛋白阻断剂。
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引用次数: 0
Downregulation of CD86 in HCMV-infected THP-1 cells. 下调 HCMV 感染的 THP-1 细胞中的 CD86。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13176
Tetsuo Koshizuka, Yuta Sasaki, Hiroki Kondo, Juri Koizumi, Keita Takahashi

Monocytes and macrophages are at the frontline of defense against pathogens. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) uses myeloid cells as vehicles to facilitate viral dissemination. HCMV infection in monocytes and macrophages leads to the downregulation of several cell surface markers via an undefined mechanism. Previously, we showed that HCMV pUL42 associates with the Nedd4 family ubiquitin E3 ligases through the PPXY motif on pUL42 and downregulates Nedd4 and Itch proteins in HCMV-infected fibroblasts. Homologous proteins of HCMV pUL42, such as HHV-6 U24, downregulate cell surface markers. To reveal the downregulation property of pUL42, we focused on CD86, the key costimulatory factor for acquired immunity. Here, we constructed CD86-expressing THP-1 cells using a retroviral vector and analyzed the effects of HCMV infection and pUL42 on CD86 downregulation. Disruption of the PPXY motifs of pUL42 (UL42PA) decelerated the degradation of CD86 in recombinant virus-infected cells, indicating the involvement of Nedd4 family functions. However, no direct interactions were observed between CD86 and Itch. Interestingly, unlike fibroblast infection, the expression of Nedd4 and Itch proteins increased in HCMV-infected THP-1 cells, accompanied by an increase in their transcript levels. Although the function of pUL42 did not relate to the increase of Nedd4 and Itch proteins, pUL42 should affect these Nedd4 proteins to downregulate CD86.

单核细胞和巨噬细胞是抵御病原体的前沿阵地。人类巨细胞病毒(HCMV)利用骨髓细胞作为载体来促进病毒传播。单核细胞和巨噬细胞感染 HCMV 后,会通过一种未确定的机制导致多种细胞表面标志物下调。此前,我们发现 HCMV pUL42 通过 pUL42 上的 PPXY 矩阵与 Nedd4 家族泛素 E3 连接酶结合,并在 HCMV 感染的成纤维细胞中下调 Nedd4 和 Itch 蛋白。HCMV pUL42 的同源蛋白(如 HHV-6 U24)可下调细胞表面标志物。为了揭示 pUL42 的下调特性,我们重点研究了 CD86,它是获得性免疫的关键激动因子。在此,我们利用逆转录病毒载体构建了表达 CD86 的 THP-1 细胞,并分析了 HCMV 感染和 pUL42 对 CD86 下调的影响。pUL42(UL42PA)的PPXY基序被破坏后,重组病毒感染细胞中CD86的降解速度减慢,表明Nedd4家族功能参与其中。然而,在 CD86 和 Itch 之间没有观察到直接的相互作用。有趣的是,与成纤维细胞感染不同,HCMV 感染的 THP-1 细胞中 Nedd4 和 Itch 蛋白的表达增加,同时它们的转录水平也增加了。虽然pUL42的功能与Nedd4和Itch蛋白的增加无关,但pUL42应该会影响这些Nedd4蛋白,从而下调CD86。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information – Cover 发行信息 - 封面
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13174

Cover photograph: Vector map of pPR23LHR. pPR23LHR was constructed by insertion of the 408 lacZ and hygromycin gene cassettes and the rpsL gene to the pPR23 vector. The sacB 409 gene on the pPR23 vector was replaced with the rpsL gene. Microbiol Immunol: 68:339–347. Article link here

封面照片:pPR23LHR 的载体图。pPR23LHR 是通过在 pPR23 载体中插入 408 lacZ 和百菌清基因盒以及 rpsL 基因构建而成的。pPR23 载体上的 sacB 409 基因被 rpsL 基因取代。微生物学免疫学》:68:339-347。文章链接
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引用次数: 0
First detection and biological characterization of an avian metaavulavirus 8 isolated from a migratory swan goose in Qinghai Lake, Northwest China. 首次从中国西北地区青海湖迁徙天鹅中分离出禽类元病毒 8,并对其进行生物学鉴定。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13175
Sijie Wang, Xinxin Liu, Jianjun Chen, Weiwen Yan, Hongjin Li, Weiwei Chi, Rui Luo, Xianwen Lin, Yue Yin, Chuanrong Dong, Huihui Wang, Bowen Zheng, Hongli Li, Yifei Liu, Tobias Stoeger, Abdul Wajid, Aleksandar Dodovski, Chao Gao, Claro N Mingala, Dmitry B Andreychuk, Renfu Yin

Avian metaavulavirus 8 (AMAV-8), formerly known as avian paramyxovirus 8 (APMV-8), has been detected sporadically in wild birds worldwide since it was first identified in a Canadian goose in 1976. However, the presence of AMAV-8 in birds has never been reported in China. To understand the epidemiological situation of AMAV-8 and its ability to infect chickens, we conducted a surveillance study and in vivo analysis of the AMAV-8 isolate identified in total of 14,909 clinical samples collected from wild and domestic birds from 2014 to 2022 in China. However, in 2017, only one AMAV-8 virus (Y7) was successful isolated from the fresh droppings of a migratory swan goose in Qinghai Lake in Northwest China. Thereafter, we report the complete genome sequence of the Y7 strain with a genome length of 15,342 nucleotides and the Y7 isolate was genetically closely-related to wild bird-origin AMAV-8 viruses previously circulated in the United States, Japan, and Kazakhstan. Furthermore, AMAV-8 infections of one-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks did not induce any clinical signs over the entire observation period but was associated with viral shedding for up to 8 days. Interestingly, although all birds infected with the Y7 strain seroconverted within the first week of infection, virus replication was only detected in the trachea but not in other tissues such as the brain, lung, or heart. Here, we report the complete genome, genetic and biological characterization, replication and pathogenicity analysis in vivo and first detection of AMAV-8 in China.

禽副黏液病毒 8 (AMAV-8),原名禽副黏液病毒 8 (APMV-8),自 1976 年首次在加拿大的一只鹅身上发现以来,已在世界各地的野生鸟类中零星发现。然而,中国从未有过禽类感染 AMAV-8 的报道。为了解AMAV-8的流行病学情况及其感染鸡的能力,我们开展了一项监测研究,并对2014年至2022年期间从中国野禽和家禽采集的共计14909份临床样本中鉴定出的AMAV-8分离株进行了体内分析。然而,2017 年,仅从中国西北部青海湖一只候鸟天鹅的新鲜粪便中成功分离出一种 AMAV-8 病毒(Y7)。此后,我们报告了Y7株的完整基因组序列,其基因组长度为15342个核苷酸,Y7分离株与之前在美国、日本和哈萨克斯坦流行的野鸟源AMAV-8病毒在基因上密切相关。此外,一天龄无特定病原体(SPF)雏鸡感染 AMAV-8 病毒后,在整个观察期间不会出现任何临床症状,但病毒脱落时间长达 8 天。有趣的是,虽然所有感染 Y7 株的雏鸡在感染后第一周内都发生了血清转换,但病毒复制只在气管中被检测到,而在其他组织(如脑、肺或心脏)中未被检测到。在此,我们报告了AMAV-8的完整基因组、遗传和生物学特征、体内复制和致病性分析,以及在中国的首次检测。
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引用次数: 0
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Microbiology and Immunology
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