Denisa Kyselova, Irena Mikova, Petr Sedivy, Monika Dezortova, Milan Hajek, Jan Mares, Marek Tupy, Dana Kautznerova, Marek Kysela, Jiri Fronek, Julius Spicak, Pavel Trunecka
Skeletal muscle alterations are associated with higher mortality and morbidity in patients with liver cirrhosis. Assessing these changes seems to be a promising method for identifying patients at a high risk of poor outcomes following liver transplantation (LT). This is particularly important given the current global shortage of organ donors. However, evidence of the impact of these alterations on the prognosis of patients undergoing LT is inconclusive. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate the impact of skeletal muscle changes, reflected in sarcopenia, myosteatosis and metabolic changes in the calf muscles, on perioperative outcomes and long-term survival after LT. We also sought to determine the posttransplant evolution of the resting muscle metabolism.
{"title":"Skeletal Muscle 31P MR Spectroscopy Surpasses CT in Predicting Patient Survival After Liver Transplantation","authors":"Denisa Kyselova, Irena Mikova, Petr Sedivy, Monika Dezortova, Milan Hajek, Jan Mares, Marek Tupy, Dana Kautznerova, Marek Kysela, Jiri Fronek, Julius Spicak, Pavel Trunecka","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13635","url":null,"abstract":"Skeletal muscle alterations are associated with higher mortality and morbidity in patients with liver cirrhosis. Assessing these changes seems to be a promising method for identifying patients at a high risk of poor outcomes following liver transplantation (LT). This is particularly important given the current global shortage of organ donors. However, evidence of the impact of these alterations on the prognosis of patients undergoing LT is inconclusive. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate the impact of skeletal muscle changes, reflected in sarcopenia, myosteatosis and metabolic changes in the calf muscles, on perioperative outcomes and long-term survival after LT. We also sought to determine the posttransplant evolution of the resting muscle metabolism.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongbing Lan, Yalei Ke, Dianjianyi Sun, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Silu Lv, Maxim Barnard, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Jun Lv, Liming Li, Canqing Yu
There is limited evidence about the association of muscle mass, strength and quality with respiratory disease, especially in Chinese populations. We aimed to comprehensively examine such associations and identify better metrics with more clinical and public health relevance.
{"title":"Associations of Muscle-Related Metrics With Respiratory Disease in Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Yongbing Lan, Yalei Ke, Dianjianyi Sun, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Silu Lv, Maxim Barnard, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Jun Lv, Liming Li, Canqing Yu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13650","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited evidence about the association of muscle mass, strength and quality with respiratory disease, especially in Chinese populations. We aimed to comprehensively examine such associations and identify better metrics with more clinical and public health relevance.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, which results in a lower gait speed. Decreased gait speed in older individuals with sarcopenia can lead to adverse events such as falls and mortality. It is a major health issue; several studies have investigated gait speed in sarcopenia. However, plantar pressure has not been sufficiently evaluated. Plantar pressure facilitates gait analysis, including gait speed, and plays an important role in preventing adverse events such as falls and mortality. Therefore, the current study aimed to validate gait characteristics, including plantar pressure in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.
{"title":"Examination of Gait Characteristics Related to Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Study Focusing on Plantar Pressure","authors":"Daiki Yamagiwa, Keitaro Makino, Osamu Katayama, Ryo Yamaguchi, von Fingerhut Georg, Yukari Yamashiro, Motoki Sudo, Hiroyuki Shimada","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13634","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, which results in a lower gait speed. Decreased gait speed in older individuals with sarcopenia can lead to adverse events such as falls and mortality. It is a major health issue; several studies have investigated gait speed in sarcopenia. However, plantar pressure has not been sufficiently evaluated. Plantar pressure facilitates gait analysis, including gait speed, and plays an important role in preventing adverse events such as falls and mortality. Therefore, the current study aimed to validate gait characteristics, including plantar pressure in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>We appreciate the attention and feedback from Liu et al. [<span>1</span>] on our study. We highly value their comments and would like to address some misunderstandings and provide additional background information through the following points.</p> <p>Firstly, Liu et al. mentioned that colocalisation analysis following Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis might introduce irrelevant pleiotropic effects by violating the exclusion restriction assumption, thereby not strengthening the MR results. We believe this viewpoint may stem from an incomplete understanding of the principles of two-sample MR and Bayesian colocalisation analysis. Two-sample MR extracts strictly valid instrumental variables (IVs), selecting those SNPs that are significantly associated with the exposure variable. These SNPs need to satisfy the exclusion restriction assumption, meaning they influence the outcome variable only through the exposure variable and not through other pathways [<span>2</span>]. The purpose of Bayesian colocalisation analysis is to determine whether a genetic variant simultaneously affects multiple phenotypes. Colocalisation analysis typically identifies SNPs that are significantly associated with multiple phenotypes, i.e., shared SNPs [<span>3</span>]. This means that the IVs selected for MR analysis do not necessarily coincide with the shared SNPs identified by colocalisation, thus avoiding the violation of the exclusion restriction assumption. Even if there is a coincidence, after rigorous IV selection and pleiotropy methods such as MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO evaluation, the research results remain robust and interpretable [<span>4</span>]. Colocalisation analysis is an important complement to cis-MR studies, used to evaluate the validity of the IV assumption [<span>4</span>]. The lack of colocalisation analysis in cis-MR studies may lead to false-positive results similar to candidate gene studies, which have now largely been abandoned due to their irreproducible findings [<span>5</span>].</p> <p>Secondly, Liu et al. mentioned irrelevant horizontal pleiotropy and relevant horizontal pleiotropy in their comments. Regarding irrelevant horizontal pleiotropy, we have already employed common MR methods to address pleiotropy in our article, such as MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO. MR-Egger regression detects and corrects pleiotropy by estimating the intercept term, while MR-PRESSO reduces pleiotropic effects by identifying and excluding outliers. However, Liu et al. suggested that pleiotropy might still exist but did not provide specific evidence or reasons. We believe that every methodological approach has its limitations, including the CAUSE (Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect estimates) method suggested by Liu et al. for future pleiotropy identification. Although the CAUSE method performs well in identifying pleiotropy, it also has a high false-positive rate and cannot fully explain the shared genetic components between two traits of interest
我们感谢 Liu 等人[1]对我们研究的关注和反馈。首先，Liu 等人提到，在孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomisation，MR）分析之后进行共定位分析，可能会因为违反排除限制假设而引入无关的多向效应，从而无法强化 MR 结果。我们认为这种观点可能源于对双样本 MR 和贝叶斯共定位分析原理的不完全理解。双样本 MR 提取严格有效的工具变量（IV），选择那些与暴露变量显著相关的 SNPs。这些 SNP 需要满足排除限制假设，即它们只通过暴露变量而不是其他途径影响结果变量[2]。贝叶斯共定位分析的目的是确定一个遗传变异是否同时影响多种表型。共定位分析通常确定与多种表型显著相关的 SNP，即共享 SNP [3]。这意味着被选作 MR 分析的 IV 不一定与通过共定位确定的共享 SNP 重合，从而避免了对排除限制假设的违反。即使存在重合，经过严格的IV选择和多向性方法（如MR-Egger回归和MR-PRESSO评估）后，研究结果仍具有稳健性和可解释性[4]。共定位分析是顺式磁共振研究的重要补充，用于评估 IV 假设的有效性[4]。顺式-磁共振研究中缺乏共定位分析可能会导致假阳性结果，这与候选基因研究类似，而候选基因研究由于其结果不可重复，目前已基本被放弃[5]。关于无关水平褶积，我们在文章中已经采用了常用的 MR 方法来解决褶积问题，如 MR-Egger 回归和 MR-PRESSO。MR-Egger 回归通过估计截距项来检测和纠正褶状效应，而 MR-PRESSO 则通过识别和排除异常值来减少褶状效应。不过，Liu 等人认为多向效应可能仍然存在，但没有提供具体的证据或原因。我们认为，每种方法都有其局限性，包括 Liu 等人建议的 CAUSE（使用摘要效应估计的因果分析）方法，该方法可用于未来的褶状效应识别。虽然 CAUSE 方法在识别褶状效应方面表现良好，但它的假阳性率也很高，而且不能完全解释两个相关性状之间的共有遗传成分[6]。相关的水平多效性是指一个 SNP 通过多种途径影响结果变量，这是复杂性状研究中的一个常见问题。我们同意这是一个需要进一步研究的课题，但这并不影响我们目前研究结果的稳健性[2, 4]。最后，我们的研究采用了顺式磁共振分析，并使用贝叶斯共定位结果进行敏感性分析，以支持我们的结论。这种方法得到了以往文献[4, 7-11]的支持，也是 Liu 等人评论中推荐的方法。关于刘等人提到的 CAUSE 方法[6]和最新的 TWAS（全转录组关联研究）[12, 13]算法，这些方法可能是未来的研究方向，但仍需要进一步的公开验证。我们再次感谢刘等人的宝贵意见。希望我们的上述回答能澄清一些误解，并期待进一步的讨论和交流。
{"title":"Comment on ‘Systematic Druggable Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Therapeutic Targets for Sarcopenia’ by Yin et al.—The Author's Reply","authors":"Kang-Fu Yin, Yong-Ping Chen","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13652","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We appreciate the attention and feedback from Liu et al. [<span>1</span>] on our study. We highly value their comments and would like to address some misunderstandings and provide additional background information through the following points.</p>\u0000<p>Firstly, Liu et al. mentioned that colocalisation analysis following Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis might introduce irrelevant pleiotropic effects by violating the exclusion restriction assumption, thereby not strengthening the MR results. We believe this viewpoint may stem from an incomplete understanding of the principles of two-sample MR and Bayesian colocalisation analysis. Two-sample MR extracts strictly valid instrumental variables (IVs), selecting those SNPs that are significantly associated with the exposure variable. These SNPs need to satisfy the exclusion restriction assumption, meaning they influence the outcome variable only through the exposure variable and not through other pathways [<span>2</span>]. The purpose of Bayesian colocalisation analysis is to determine whether a genetic variant simultaneously affects multiple phenotypes. Colocalisation analysis typically identifies SNPs that are significantly associated with multiple phenotypes, i.e., shared SNPs [<span>3</span>]. This means that the IVs selected for MR analysis do not necessarily coincide with the shared SNPs identified by colocalisation, thus avoiding the violation of the exclusion restriction assumption. Even if there is a coincidence, after rigorous IV selection and pleiotropy methods such as MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO evaluation, the research results remain robust and interpretable [<span>4</span>]. Colocalisation analysis is an important complement to cis-MR studies, used to evaluate the validity of the IV assumption [<span>4</span>]. The lack of colocalisation analysis in cis-MR studies may lead to false-positive results similar to candidate gene studies, which have now largely been abandoned due to their irreproducible findings [<span>5</span>].</p>\u0000<p>Secondly, Liu et al. mentioned irrelevant horizontal pleiotropy and relevant horizontal pleiotropy in their comments. Regarding irrelevant horizontal pleiotropy, we have already employed common MR methods to address pleiotropy in our article, such as MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO. MR-Egger regression detects and corrects pleiotropy by estimating the intercept term, while MR-PRESSO reduces pleiotropic effects by identifying and excluding outliers. However, Liu et al. suggested that pleiotropy might still exist but did not provide specific evidence or reasons. We believe that every methodological approach has its limitations, including the CAUSE (Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect estimates) method suggested by Liu et al. for future pleiotropy identification. Although the CAUSE method performs well in identifying pleiotropy, it also has a high false-positive rate and cannot fully explain the shared genetic components between two traits of interest ","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resistance training is a well-known exercise therapy for preventing and improving lacks of muscle mass, strength, and quality with advances in age; however, its effects on arterial stiffness are not beneficial. Additionally, a higher intake of protein, which is an effective nutrient for muscle health, results in lower arterial stiffness. Whether the combination of moderate to high-intensity resistance training and high-protein intake would improve muscle mass, strength, and quality and cancel the resistance training-induced increase in arterial stiffness in elderly women remains unclear.
{"title":"Impact of resistance training and chicken intake on vascular and muscle health in elderly women","authors":"Shumpei Fujie, Naoki Horii, Hiroki Kajimoto, Henry Yamazaki, Kenichiro Inoue, Keiko Iemitsu, Masataka Uchida, Takuma Arimitsu, Yasushi Shinohara, Kiyoshi Sanada, Motohiko Miyachi, Motoyuki Iemitsu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13572","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance training is a well-known exercise therapy for preventing and improving lacks of muscle mass, strength, and quality with advances in age; however, its effects on arterial stiffness are not beneficial. Additionally, a higher intake of protein, which is an effective nutrient for muscle health, results in lower arterial stiffness. Whether the combination of moderate to high-intensity resistance training and high-protein intake would improve muscle mass, strength, and quality and cancel the resistance training-induced increase in arterial stiffness in elderly women remains unclear.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>We read with great interest the article by Liu Q et al. [<span>1</span>] examining the association between changes in physical activity and kidney function in the general population. The authors utilised a large cohort from the UK Biobank to investigate this important relationship, providing valuable insights. However, we would like to highlight a few key limitations and suggest future research directions that could strengthen the evidence in this area.</p> <p>Firstly, the authors relied on self-reported physical activity data, which is subject to potential recall bias and social desirability bias. Individuals may overreport or underreport their physical activity levels, leading to misclassification and potentially biassing the observed associations [<span>2</span>]. The use of objective measures, such as accelerometers or activity trackers, could provide more accurate and reliable assessments of physical activity, reducing the risk of measurement error. Indeed, through UK Biobank, several studies have reported high quality research on accelerometer-measured physical activity and disease prognosis [<span>3, 4</span>].</p> <p>Secondly, the authors' adjustment for covariates did not include dietary factors, which are known to have a significant impact on kidney function. Dietary intake of protein, sodium and other nutrients can influence serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, potentially confounding the relationship between physical activity and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [<span>5, 6</span>]. Future studies should consider incorporating detailed dietary information, such as nutrient intake and dietary patterns, to better understand the complex interplay between physical activity, diet and kidney health.</p> <p>Additionally, the authors focused their analysis on the general population, which may have different characteristics and risk profiles compared to individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or other comorbidities. It would be valuable to conduct subgroup analyses or stratified models to explore the potential differential effects of physical activity changes on kidney function in specific patient populations, such as those with CKD, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. This approach could provide more targeted insights and guide the development of tailored physical activity recommendations for individuals at higher risk of kidney dysfunction.</p> <p>Furthermore, the authors utilised eGFR as the primary outcome, which is an estimated measure of kidney function. While eGFR is widely used in clinical practice, it may not accurately reflect true glomerular filtration rate, especially in the context of changing muscle mass and body composition associated with physical activity [<span>7</span>]. Future studies could consider incorporating direct measures of kidney function, such as iohexol or inulin clearance, to provide a more precise assessment of the relationship between physical activity and actual kidney func
我们饶有兴趣地阅读了 Liu Q 等人的文章[1]，文章研究了普通人群中体育锻炼的变化与肾功能之间的关系。作者利用英国生物库的大型队列研究了这一重要关系，提供了有价值的见解。首先，作者依赖于自我报告的体育锻炼数据，而这一数据存在潜在的回忆偏差和社会期望偏差。个人可能会多报或少报自己的体力活动水平，从而导致分类错误，并可能使观察到的关联产生偏差[2]。使用加速计或活动追踪器等客观测量方法可以提供更准确、更可靠的体力活动评估，减少测量误差的风险。事实上，通过英国生物样本库，一些研究报告了加速计测量的体力活动和疾病预后的高质量研究[3, 4]。其次，作者对协变量的调整没有包括饮食因素，而众所周知，饮食因素对肾功能有重大影响。膳食中摄入的蛋白质、钠和其他营养物质会影响血清肌酐和胱抑素 C 的水平，从而可能混淆体育锻炼与估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）之间的关系[5, 6]。未来的研究应考虑纳入详细的饮食信息，如营养素摄入量和饮食模式，以更好地了解体育锻炼、饮食和肾脏健康之间复杂的相互作用。此外，作者将分析重点放在普通人群上，而普通人群与已患有慢性肾脏病（CKD）或其他合并症的人群相比，可能具有不同的特征和风险概况。进行亚组分析或建立分层模型以探讨体育锻炼的变化对特定患者群体（如患有慢性肾脏病、糖尿病或心血管疾病的患者）的肾功能可能产生的不同影响，将是非常有价值的。这种方法可以提供更有针对性的见解，并指导为肾功能不全风险较高的人群制定量身定制的体育锻炼建议。此外，作者将 eGFR 作为主要结果，这是一种肾功能的估计测量方法。虽然 eGFR 在临床实践中被广泛使用，但它可能无法准确反映真实的肾小球滤过率，尤其是在肌肉质量和身体成分随体育锻炼而变化的情况下[7]。最后，作者的分析仅限于两个时间点，这可能无法反映体育锻炼的动态性质及其对肾脏健康的长期影响。在较长时间内反复评估体力活动和肾功能的纵向研究可以揭示这些变量的轨迹及其随着时间的推移而产生的相互作用。总之，作者们的研究为了解普通人群体力活动变化与肾功能之间的关系提供了宝贵的见解。然而，解决上述局限性，如使用客观的体力活动测量方法、纳入饮食因素、探索亚组差异以及纳入直接肾功能评估等，可以进一步加强证据并指导制定针对肾脏健康的体力活动建议。
{"title":"Comment on ‘Change in Physical Activity and Its Association With Decline in Kidney Function: A UK Biobank-Based Cohort Study’ by Liu et al.","authors":"Guoying Wang, Wenbo Shi, Zhijun Xin, Xiaoming Zhou","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13654","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We read with great interest the article by Liu Q et al. [<span>1</span>] examining the association between changes in physical activity and kidney function in the general population. The authors utilised a large cohort from the UK Biobank to investigate this important relationship, providing valuable insights. However, we would like to highlight a few key limitations and suggest future research directions that could strengthen the evidence in this area.</p>\u0000<p>Firstly, the authors relied on self-reported physical activity data, which is subject to potential recall bias and social desirability bias. Individuals may overreport or underreport their physical activity levels, leading to misclassification and potentially biassing the observed associations [<span>2</span>]. The use of objective measures, such as accelerometers or activity trackers, could provide more accurate and reliable assessments of physical activity, reducing the risk of measurement error. Indeed, through UK Biobank, several studies have reported high quality research on accelerometer-measured physical activity and disease prognosis [<span>3, 4</span>].</p>\u0000<p>Secondly, the authors' adjustment for covariates did not include dietary factors, which are known to have a significant impact on kidney function. Dietary intake of protein, sodium and other nutrients can influence serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, potentially confounding the relationship between physical activity and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [<span>5, 6</span>]. Future studies should consider incorporating detailed dietary information, such as nutrient intake and dietary patterns, to better understand the complex interplay between physical activity, diet and kidney health.</p>\u0000<p>Additionally, the authors focused their analysis on the general population, which may have different characteristics and risk profiles compared to individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or other comorbidities. It would be valuable to conduct subgroup analyses or stratified models to explore the potential differential effects of physical activity changes on kidney function in specific patient populations, such as those with CKD, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. This approach could provide more targeted insights and guide the development of tailored physical activity recommendations for individuals at higher risk of kidney dysfunction.</p>\u0000<p>Furthermore, the authors utilised eGFR as the primary outcome, which is an estimated measure of kidney function. While eGFR is widely used in clinical practice, it may not accurately reflect true glomerular filtration rate, especially in the context of changing muscle mass and body composition associated with physical activity [<span>7</span>]. Future studies could consider incorporating direct measures of kidney function, such as iohexol or inulin clearance, to provide a more precise assessment of the relationship between physical activity and actual kidney func","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Açelya Gokdeniz Yildirim, Derya Kaya, Fatma Sena Dost, Mehmet Selman Ontan, Ahmet Turan Isik
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disorder characterized by nocturnally exacerbating pain that leads to significant sleep disturbances. The hormonal and metabolic changes caused by sleep disruption may increase the incidence of muscle-related diseases like sarcopenia in older adults, which is defined by a progressive loss of muscle strength and mass. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between RLS and sarcopenia, which may affect each other through common pathophysiological pathways in older adults.
{"title":"Sarcopenia Seems to Be Common in Older Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome","authors":"Açelya Gokdeniz Yildirim, Derya Kaya, Fatma Sena Dost, Mehmet Selman Ontan, Ahmet Turan Isik","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13637","url":null,"abstract":"Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disorder characterized by nocturnally exacerbating pain that leads to significant sleep disturbances. The hormonal and metabolic changes caused by sleep disruption may increase the incidence of muscle-related diseases like sarcopenia in older adults, which is defined by a progressive loss of muscle strength and mass. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between RLS and sarcopenia, which may affect each other through common pathophysiological pathways in older adults.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hang A. Park, Joohon Sung, Yoosoo Chang, Seungho Ryu, Kyung Jae Yoon, Hyung-Lae Kim, Han-Na Kim
This study aimed to explore the association between gut microbiota functional profiles and skeletal muscle mass, focusing on sex-specific differences in a population under 65 years of age.
这项研究旨在探索肠道微生物群功能特征与骨骼肌质量之间的关系，重点关注 65 岁以下人群的性别差异。
{"title":"Metagenomic Analysis Identifies Sex-Related Gut Microbial Functions and Bacterial Taxa Associated With Skeletal Muscle Mass","authors":"Hang A. Park, Joohon Sung, Yoosoo Chang, Seungho Ryu, Kyung Jae Yoon, Hyung-Lae Kim, Han-Na Kim","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13636","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the association between gut microbiota functional profiles and skeletal muscle mass, focusing on sex-specific differences in a population under 65 years of age.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting Lei, Zichao Jiang, Jiahao Wang, Jiangyu Nan, Long Hua, Zewu Zhu, Yihe Hu
The association between brain and sarcopenia has not been clarified. We aim to investigate the causal association between brain structure, function, gene expression and sarcopenia-related traits.
{"title":"Genetic Influence of the Brain on Muscle Structure: A Mendelian Randomization Study of Sarcopenia","authors":"Ting Lei, Zichao Jiang, Jiahao Wang, Jiangyu Nan, Long Hua, Zewu Zhu, Yihe Hu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13647","url":null,"abstract":"The association between brain and sarcopenia has not been clarified. We aim to investigate the causal association between brain structure, function, gene expression and sarcopenia-related traits.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pamela N. Klassen, Vera C. Mazurak, Jessica Thorlakson, Stephane Servais
Investigators are increasingly measuring skeletal muscle (SM) and adipose tissue (AT) change during cancer treatment to understand impact on patient outcomes. Recent meta‐analyses have reported high heterogeneity in this literature, representing uncertainty in the resulting estimates. Using the setting of palliative‐intent chemotherapy as an exemplar, we aimed to systematically summarize the sources of variability among studies evaluating SM and AT change during cancer treatment and propose standards for future studies to enable reliable meta‐analysis. Studies that measured computed tomography‐defined SM and/or AT change in adult patients during palliative‐intent chemotherapy for solid tumours were included, with no date or geographical limiters. Of 2496 publications screened by abstract/title, 83 were reviewed in full text and 38 included for extraction, representing 34 unique cohorts across 8 tumour sites. The timing of baseline measurement was frequently defined as prior to treatment, while endpoint timing ranged from 6 weeks after treatment start to time of progression. Fewer than 50% specified the actual time interval between measurements. Measurement error was infrequently discussed (8/34). A single metric (cm2/m2, cm2 or %) was used to describe SM change in 18/34 cohorts, while multiple metrics were presented for 10/34 and no descriptive metrics for 6/34. AT change metrics and sex‐specific reporting were available for 10/34 cohorts. Associations between SM loss and overall survival were evaluated in 24 publications, with classification of SM loss ranging from any loss to >14% loss over variable time intervals. Age and sex were the most common covariates, with disease response in 50% of models. Despite a wealth of data and effort, heterogeneity in study design, reporting and statistical analysis hinders evidence synthesis regarding the severity and outcomes of SM and AT change during cancer treatment. Proposed standards for study design include selection of homogenous cohorts, clear definition of baseline/endpoint timing and attention to measurement error. Standard reporting should include baseline SM and AT by sex, actual scan interval, SM and AT change using multiple metrics and visualization of the range of change observed. Reporting by sex would advance understanding of sexual dimorphism in SM and AT change. Evaluating the impact of tissue change on outcomes requires adjustment for relevant covariates and concurrent disease response. Adoption of these standards by researchers and publishers would alter the current paradigm to enable meta‐analysis of future studies and move the field towards meaningful application of SM and AT change to clinical care.
{"title":"Call for standardization in assessment and reporting of muscle and adipose change using computed tomography analysis in oncology: A scoping review","authors":"Pamela N. Klassen, Vera C. Mazurak, Jessica Thorlakson, Stephane Servais","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13318","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13318","url":null,"abstract":"Investigators are increasingly measuring skeletal muscle (SM) and adipose tissue (AT) change during cancer treatment to understand impact on patient outcomes. Recent meta‐analyses have reported high heterogeneity in this literature, representing uncertainty in the resulting estimates. Using the setting of palliative‐intent chemotherapy as an exemplar, we aimed to systematically summarize the sources of variability among studies evaluating SM and AT change during cancer treatment and propose standards for future studies to enable reliable meta‐analysis. Studies that measured computed tomography‐defined SM and/or AT change in adult patients during palliative‐intent chemotherapy for solid tumours were included, with no date or geographical limiters. Of 2496 publications screened by abstract/title, 83 were reviewed in full text and 38 included for extraction, representing 34 unique cohorts across 8 tumour sites. The timing of baseline measurement was frequently defined as prior to treatment, while endpoint timing ranged from 6 weeks after treatment start to time of progression. Fewer than 50% specified the actual time interval between measurements. Measurement error was infrequently discussed (8/34). A single metric (cm2/m2, cm2 or %) was used to describe SM change in 18/34 cohorts, while multiple metrics were presented for 10/34 and no descriptive metrics for 6/34. AT change metrics and sex‐specific reporting were available for 10/34 cohorts. Associations between SM loss and overall survival were evaluated in 24 publications, with classification of SM loss ranging from any loss to >14% loss over variable time intervals. Age and sex were the most common covariates, with disease response in 50% of models. Despite a wealth of data and effort, heterogeneity in study design, reporting and statistical analysis hinders evidence synthesis regarding the severity and outcomes of SM and AT change during cancer treatment. Proposed standards for study design include selection of homogenous cohorts, clear definition of baseline/endpoint timing and attention to measurement error. Standard reporting should include baseline SM and AT by sex, actual scan interval, SM and AT change using multiple metrics and visualization of the range of change observed. Reporting by sex would advance understanding of sexual dimorphism in SM and AT change. Evaluating the impact of tissue change on outcomes requires adjustment for relevant covariates and concurrent disease response. Adoption of these standards by researchers and publishers would alter the current paradigm to enable meta‐analysis of future studies and move the field towards meaningful application of SM and AT change to clinical care.","PeriodicalId":186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"14 5","pages":"1918-1931"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10524503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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